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DC-Motor-Characteristic-lecture-2-A

The document provides a detailed overview of DC motor construction, including components such as the yoke, poles, field winding, armature core, and commutator. It also explains the characteristics and applications of DC shunt motors, along with sample problems to illustrate calculations related to motor performance. The content is prepared by Engr. Renante D. Junto from the Technological University of the Philippines Taguig.

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7 views

DC-Motor-Characteristic-lecture-2-A

The document provides a detailed overview of DC motor construction, including components such as the yoke, poles, field winding, armature core, and commutator. It also explains the characteristics and applications of DC shunt motors, along with sample problems to illustrate calculations related to motor performance. The content is prepared by Engr. Renante D. Junto from the Technological University of the Philippines Taguig.

Uploaded by

jesstinelitan2004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DC Motor

Characteristic

Prepared By:
Engr. Renante D Junto REE,MTM
Technological University of the Philippines Taguig
Instructor
DC MOTOR CONSTRUCTION

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
DC MOTOR CONSTRUCTION
Yoke: The outer frame of a dc machine is called as yoke. It
is made up of cast iron or steel. It not only provides
mechanical strength to the whole assembly but also carries
the magnetic flux produced by the field winding.

Poles and pole shoes: Poles are joined to the yoke


with the help of bolts or welding. They carry field winding
and pole shoes are fastened to them. Pole shoes serve two
purposes; (i) they support field coils and (ii) spread out the
flux in air gap uniformly.

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
DC MOTOR CONSTRUCTION
Field winding: They are usually made of copper. Field coils are former wound and
placed on each pole and are connected in series. They are wound in such a way that,
when energized, they form alternate North and South poles.

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
DC MOTOR CONSTRUCTION
Armature core: Armature core is the rotor of a dc machine. It is
cylindrical in shape with slots to carry armature winding. The armature is
built up of thin laminated circular steel disks for reducing eddy current
losses. It may be provided with air ducts for the axial air flow for cooling
purposes. Armature is keyed to the shaft.

Armature winding: It is usually a former wound copper coil which rests in armature
slots. The armature conductors are insulated from each other and also from the
armature core. Armature winding can be wound by one of the two methods; lap
winding or wave winding. Double layer lap or wave windings are generally used. A
double layer winding means that each armature slot will carry two different coils.

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
DC MOTOR CONSTRUCTION
Commutator and brushes: Physical connection to the armature winding is made through a
commutator-brush arrangement. The function of a commutator, in a dc generator, is to collect the current
generated in armature conductors. Whereas, in case of a dc motor, commutator helps in providing current
to the armature conductors. A commutator consists of a set of copper segments which are insulated from
each other. The number of segments is equal to the number of armature coils. Each segment is connected
to an armature coil and the commutator is keyed to the shaft. Brushes are usually made from carbon or
graphite. They rest on commutator segments and slide on the segments when the commutator rotates
keeping the physical contact to collect or supply the current.

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
What is DC SHUNT MOTOR

is a type of self-excited DC motor where the field windings are


shunted to or are connected in parallel to the armature winding of the
motor. Since they are connected in parallel, the armature and field
windings are exposed to the same supply voltage. Though there are
separate branches for the flow of armature current and field current –
as shown in the figure of below.

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
DC SHUNT MOTOR
Characteristic DC SHUNT MOTOR
Speed is fairly constant and medium starting torque.

Application DC SHUNT MOTOR


1. Blowers and fans
2.Centrifugal and reciprocating pumps
3. Lathe machines
4. Machine tools
5. Milling machines
6. Drilling machines

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
DC SHUNT MOTOR

𝐸𝐶 = 𝑉𝑆 − 𝐼𝐴 𝑅𝐴
𝐼𝑇 = 𝐼𝐴 − 𝐼𝑆𝐻
𝑉𝑆
𝐼𝑆𝐻 =
𝑅𝑠ℎ
𝑉𝑆 - SUPPLY VOLTAGE
𝐸𝐶 - BACK EMF OR COUNTER emf
𝐼𝑇 - CURRENT DRAWN FROM SUPPLY VOLTAGE IN
AMPERE
𝐼𝐴 - ARMATURE CURRENT
𝐼𝑆𝐻 - SHUNT FIELD CURRENT
Technological University of the
Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
Sample Problem 1

A shunt motor is taking 72 amp at 120 volts while developing an


output of 10 hp. The armature resistance is 0.05 ohm, the shunt field
resistance is 60 ohms. Determine (a) counter emf, (b) total copper
losses, (c) iron and friction losses

116.5 VOLTS, 485W, 695 WATTS

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
Sample Problem 2

A dc motor develops a 15 hp at 120 volts. The effective


armature resistance is 0.061. What is the armature current?

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
Sample Problem 3

A 120 volt shunt motor draws a current of 77 amp at rated load. The armature
and shunt field resistance are 0.2 ohms and 60 ohms. A multi tap starter
rheostat is inserted in the armature circuit to limit starting current . If the
rheostat has a stating resistance of 1.732 ohms, determine the percentage tap
used such that the starting current will be limited to 150% of its full load value.

Technological University of the


Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig
Technological University of the
Engr. Renante D. Junto REE DC MOTOR Characteristic
Phils. Taguig

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