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Math - Term 4 revsion - Chapters 14 & 15

Chapter 14 covers concepts of mapping, scaling, and transformations of shapes, including translation, reflection, rotation, and enlargement. Chapter 15 focuses on calculating area and volume, emphasizing unit conversions and formulas for various shapes like triangles, cubes, and cuboids. Key points include maintaining proportions during transformations and using specific formulas for area and volume calculations.

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2 views15 pages

Math - Term 4 revsion - Chapters 14 & 15

Chapter 14 covers concepts of mapping, scaling, and transformations of shapes, including translation, reflection, rotation, and enlargement. Chapter 15 focuses on calculating area and volume, emphasizing unit conversions and formulas for various shapes like triangles, cubes, and cuboids. Key points include maintaining proportions during transformations and using specific formulas for area and volume calculations.

Uploaded by

gauravi1103
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 14 – Posittion and Transformation

14.1 Maps and Scale:

Real life answer will be usually bigger. So, real life means:

Multiply by the scale, for example if it is 1:20, multiply the given value with the scale of 20 (Means
1cm in the drawing represents 20 cm in real life).

From real life to drawing, as its division usually answer will be small.

1 m = 100 cm
Girls, don’t forget to keep the unit after the answer through out the topics’ questions like area,
volume, distance, perimeter, surface area etc.

15. 2 The distance between two points


Girls, here, out of the coordinates given, either x or y will be same. Take the other coordinate
and find the difference (subtract) to get the distance.
When the second coordinate after the minus is in negative (---), add both to find the answer.
For example: 3 ------ (-) 4 = 3 + 4 = 7 units (minus and minus will become plus).
15.3 Translating 2D shapes
Translation means – sliding right, left, up, & down – No Flipping or Rotation

Right & up - addition

Left & Down – Subtraction


14. 4 Reflecting Shapes
Reflecting shape means flipping the shape. No sliding / rotation

Tip:
When a shape is reflected in the x axis, first find out the vertices of the given shape. As the
shape is reflected on the x axis, we need to change the y coordinate into negative and vice
versa (reflection at y axis, in the vertices coordinates, x value we need to change into
negative) and then draw the reflected shape in that quadrant
14.5 Rotating Shapes
Rotate the shape – means rotatio – not sliding or flipping

90 degree – if its clockwise, the tracing paper should keep in the position of 3 and anticlockwise, it
will be on 9 of a clock.

180 degree – both clock & anticlock should be kept at 6 (clock)


14.6 Enlarging Shapes
Measurements (length, width etc) will vary while enlarging, but proportion remains same.

Girls, Count the number of squares in each side of the given object and multiply each with the
scale factor , so that the proportion remains same. .

Enlarge this shape into a squared paper.


Recap:
Chapter 15 - Shapes, Area, and Volume
15. 1 Area – Unit conversion:
Girls, please note , as its Area conversion, all conversion will be in square
millimeter/centimeter/meter.
As 1 cm = 10 mm, 1 cm 2 = 100 mm 2
I m 2 = 10, 000 cm 2

Please remember , small to big, divide the fig


Big to small, multiply all

Find the area of the above rectangle in in mm 2 and cm 2.


Find the area in (a) mm 2 & (b) cm 2

15.2 Using Hectares:


15.3 The area of a triangle:
Formula:
The area of a triangle: ½ bh
Girls, don’t forget, while finding the area of a triangle, the height should be perpendicular
(90 o) to the base.
Shaded area = The area of the outer shape --------- The area of the inner shape
Volume – Cube & Cuboid
Volume will be always in cubic centimeter/meter etc..

Always remember , here, length is the longest one. Height is the thickness/depth , width –
side short one.
Here, as one shape is a cube
(made out of square), all sides remain same. So, the length, width, and height are all the
same.
15.5 Surface area – Cube & Cuboid
Girls, please remember me how to derive the surface area of a cuboid step by step.
First, Area of one top face = length x width (no need to consider height here as it is the top
one)
Area of the front face = length x height
Area of the side face = width x height
So, surface area = 2 x (total added value of the all the 3 product derived above)
In the case of a cube, as all the sides are same, we can just multiply and see the product
and then multiply with 6 (as there are 6 faces altogether)
Recap:

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