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Copy of Outer Space by Slidesgo

The document provides an overview of galaxies, focusing on the Milky Way and its components, including types of galaxies, intergalactic space, and celestial phenomena like black holes and novas. It discusses the formation of stars, planetary systems, and the significance of the Goldilocks zone for Earth-like planets. Additionally, it highlights the characteristics of asteroids and neutron stars, emphasizing the vastness and complexity of the universe.

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rsi.rishika.singh
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2 views

Copy of Outer Space by Slidesgo

The document provides an overview of galaxies, focusing on the Milky Way and its components, including types of galaxies, intergalactic space, and celestial phenomena like black holes and novas. It discusses the formation of stars, planetary systems, and the significance of the Goldilocks zone for Earth-like planets. Additionally, it highlights the characteristics of asteroids and neutron stars, emphasizing the vastness and complexity of the universe.

Uploaded by

rsi.rishika.singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inside a galaxy

By-Rishika, Myesha, Anika, Joshua and Varish


Contents
● The milky way
● Galaxies
○ Common types of galaxies
● Intergalactic space
○ Components of space
○ Stellar dust
○ Galaxy clouds
○ Planetary systems
○ Asteroids
○ Novas
● The goldilocks zone
● Earth like planets
● The end
The milky way!
Our planet is part of the milky way galaxy. When
you look at the clear night sky away from the lights
of the city, you will see a white smudge running
across the sky. Kind of looks like spilt milk no?
Weather you associate it with milk or not
scientists did thus gave it the name THE MILKY
WAY. After the invention of the telescope, people
saw that the milky way was full of stars and star
groups also known as galaxies. The milky way is
one of these galaxies.
Galaxies
● As early telescopes improved, astronomers began to see smudges of
light in the Milky way Galaxy. They discovered that stars formed from
clouds of gas in galaxies.
● Ernest Hubble used the largest telescope then to discover some of the
gas clouds. Some vast star groups are not considered galaxies and
there are millions of them.
● Galaxies are huge and move at astounding speeds. The milky way is
100,000 light years across and rotates like a huge pinwheel in space at
270 km/s.
● The sun is 25 light years from the centre and completes a round or
returns to the same spot almost every 250 MILLION years. The time it
takes for the Sun to orbit the Milky Way one time is known as a Galactic
Year.
Types of Galaxies

01 Spiral 02 Elliptical
A spiral shape An oval or elliptical
Like the milky way shaped galaxy.

03 Irregular 04 Quasars
Which don’t have a Not included as a main
definite shape. type of galaxy.
Quasars

A quasar is like a cosmic lighthouse


shining intensely across the vast dark sea
of space. It's powered by a supermassive
black hole's frenzy. A beacon of light from
the heart of a distant galaxy. It is much
more complicated. To learn more about it
you can watch a video from kurzgesagt.
Intergalactic
SPACEEEE
MAYBE YOU NEED TO DIVIDE THE CONTENT

All components of the


universe are separated by What are these “components
intergalactic space. There is of space” though?
hardly any matter in this
space which means it is
almost completely vacuum
Black Holes
A black hole is a region of space-time from
which nothing, not even light, can escape.
According to the general theory of relativity,
it starts existing when spacetime gets
curved by a huge mass. There is a sphere
around the black hole. If something goes
inside the sphere, it cannot leave. This
sphere is called the event horizon. A black
hole is black because it absorbs all the
light that hits it.Because black holes are
very hard to see, people find them by the
way they affect other things near them.
Stellar dust
In galaxies, most matter is present in
the form of gases(hydrogen) and tiny
solid particles called stellar dust (aka
interstellar or cosmic dust). It is
produced by stars. It’s size and shape
varies from just a few molecules to
rocky structures.
Galaxy clouds
Gases and cosmic dust form
huge clouds inside galaxies. It is
also known as a nebula which
works sort of like the aurora
borealis and uses ions to
produce the beautiful light show.
Scientists even found a gas
cloud bigger than the milky way!
Wobbles & Winks

If the star wobbles, The star dims because it is


then there is a planet covered by the rotation of
this happens due to a planet. This indicates
the planets gravity. that there is a planet

Wobble Wink
Planetary systems
Planets moving or revolving around stars are called planetary systems. A
planetary system must have a star at its center and a planet or planets
revolving around. Some planets might have moons, there may be dwarf
planets, steroids and comets. Planets discovered in other systems outside our
own are called exoplanets. Between 1995 and 2020, 3163 systems were
discovered.
Earth like planets

Kepler 80% 50% 20%


Mercury is the Venus has a It’s the biggest Saturn is the
closest planet to beautiful name, planet in the ringed one and a
the Sun but is very hot Solar System gas giant
Asteroids
What are
asteroids?
Not all the rocks that were formed
during the solar system’s formation.
Those objects, also made from cosmic
dust are known as asteroids. Asteroids
move around and orbit around stars,
just like planets.
Types of asteroids

Types of
Asteroid Belt asteroids Size Misc.
The circle between ● C-type Asteroid’s sizes can Asteroids can be in
the orbits of Mars Made from silica range from the size the asteroid belt,
and Jupiter which ● S-type of a grain on sand trojan groups or
contains most of Made from silica, to 939km, which is farther away. Some
the asteroids. nickel and iron the size of the asteroids orbits
biggest asteroid, pass the Earth’s
● M-type
Ceres. orbit.
Nickel and iron
Goldilocks zone
It is the habitable zone around a
star. Heat and light from the star is
sufficient to life as we know it to
exist.
Neutron star
A neutron star is the collapsed core of a massive supergiant star, which had a total
mass of between 10 and 25 solar masses (M☉), possibly more if the star was
especially metal-rich. Except for black holes, neutron stars are the smallest and
densest known class of stellar objects.

Watch this video from kurzgesagt


to know more about neutron stars
Novas
The term “nova” was first coined by Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe in 1572,
it is when a white dwarf (dead remnants from a Sun-like star) absorbs too
much mass. This borrowed hydrogen undergoes fusion, which causes it to
brighten up significantly, pumping up to 100,000 times more energy back
into space.

However, a supernova is when a massive star runs out of fuel, it cools off.
This causes the pressure to drop. Gravity wins out, and the star suddenly
collapses. Imagine something one million times the mass of Earth collapsing
in 15 seconds. The collapse happens so quickly that it creates enormous
shock waves that cause the outer part of the star to explode.
Thank You

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