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The document outlines the structure and functions of the Panchayat Raj system in India, established by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992, which came into effect on April 24, 1993. It details the roles of various bodies such as the Zila Parishad, Gram Panchayat, and the reservation of seats for women and marginalized communities. Additionally, it highlights the three-tier system of local governance and the responsibilities assigned to Panchayati Raj institutions as per the Eleventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.

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Abhijith Pillai
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15 views

one sentence answers

The document outlines the structure and functions of the Panchayat Raj system in India, established by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992, which came into effect on April 24, 1993. It details the roles of various bodies such as the Zila Parishad, Gram Panchayat, and the reservation of seats for women and marginalized communities. Additionally, it highlights the three-tier system of local governance and the responsibilities assigned to Panchayati Raj institutions as per the Eleventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.

Uploaded by

Abhijith Pillai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answer in one sentence

1. Which body passes the Budget of the Panchayat Samiti?


The Zila Parishad
2. Who recruits the Gramsevak?
Chief Executive Officer of Zila Parishad.
3. Who has the authority to establish new Gram Panchayats?
The Divisional Commissioner has the authority to establish a new Gram Panchayat.
4. Who is the head of Gramsabha?
Sarpanch is the head of a Gram Sabha or a village.
5. Which schedule of the Indian Constitution talks about Panchayat Raj
Institutions?
the Eleventh Schedule
6. When did the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 come into effect?
24 th April 1993
7. What is the minimum age for the qualification to contest the election at
Panchayat?
The minimum age for contesting in the Panchayat election is 21
8. When did the Community Development Programme implement?
1952
9. Who appointed the Balwantrai Mehta Committee?
Government of India
10. Where did the Panchayat Raj System in India first introduce?
Rajasthan
11. Who is the administrative head of the Zilla-Parishad?
The chief executive officer
12. Which body selects the Block Development Officer (BDO)?
BDOs are selected by UPSC.
13. To whom, the chairman of Zilla Parishad gives his/her resignation?
The Chairman of the Rajya Sabha gives his resignation to the President.
14. Who is the administrative head of the Panchayat Samiti?
Head of Panchayat Samiti is Sarpanch.
15. Who looks after the day-to-day working of Grampanchayat?
Gram Sevak looks after the day-to-day working of Grampanchayat.
16. Who is the administrative head of the Zilla-Parishad?
The chief executive officer
17. Which body selects the Block Development Officer (BDO)?
repeated question of BOD (12 Ques)
18. Which authority can suspend the Tehsildar?
Deputy Commissioner
19. Name the states in which the post of Sarpanch is directly elected.
Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra Government
20. Who is considered the father of Local Self Government in India?
Lord Ripon
21. Who appointed the L. M. Bongirwar Committee?
The L. M. Bongirwar Committee was appointed by the Maharashtra government in
2015
22. When did the P. B. Patil committee submit its report?
The P.B. patil committee submitted its report in the year 1986.
23. Who has given the idea of ‘Gram-Swaraj’ for India?
Mahatma Gandhi
24. What percentages are reserved for the women in local governance in Maharashtra?
The Maharashtra Assembly late on Wednesday unanimously approved 50 per cent
reservation for women in local bodies.
25. How many recommendations were made by P. B. Patil Committee?
184
26. In which list of the Seventh Schedule, the subject ‘local government’ is
mentioned?
Local Government’ is in the State subject list of the Seventh Schedule of the
Indian Constitution.
27. What is the term of Panchayats according to the 73rd Constitutional Amendment
Act?
Five-year
28. What percentages are reserved for women, according to the 73rd Constitutional
Amendment Act?
1/3rd of the seats are reserved in all over the country.
29. Who was the PM of India, when India passed the 73rd Constitutional Amendment
Act?
Narasimha Rao was the Prime Minister of India when the 73rd Constitutional
Amendment Act was passed.
30. When did the Baburao Kale Committee was established?
The Baburao Kale Committee was established in 1976.
31. Who appointed the Bongirwar Committee?

32. How many tiers were suggested by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act?
Three-Tier
33. Who has called villages a ‘Den of ignorance’, where the caste system is more
visible?

34. Which committee firstly suggested the 3 tier-structure for Panchayats?


A Balwant Rai Mehta Committee

35. Which body selects the Block Development Officer (BDO)?


repeated question of BOD (12 ques)

BACKGROUND OF 73RD AMENDMENT ACT

Village panchayats existed in India long before the act was passed in 1992, but the
system had inherent weaknesses like the inability to be
a people’s government responsive to their needs. This was due to a variety of
factors like a lack of financial resources, no regular elections
and inadequate representation of the weaker sections like scheduled castes/tribes
and women.

The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution of India lays down in
Article 40 that the government shall facilitate the establishment
and smooth functioning of the gram panchayats.

In order to address these issues and strengthen the local self-governments in


India, the central government brought about the 73rd Amendment Act in 1992.
The act was passed in both houses and entered into force from 24th April 1993.

This Act added a new chapter into the Constitution called ‘Part IX: The
Panchayats’.

The chief features of the act are mentioned below:

This Act made the Panchayati Raj institutions in the country constitutional bodies.
Under Article 243-B, it has become compulsory for every state to establish
panchayats in their territories.
Article 243-G makes it mandatory for the state governments to devolve powers,
responsibilities and authority to the panchayats.
The gram panchayats have a fixed tenure of 5 years.
State election commissions have been provided with the mechanism to conduct
independent elections to the village panchayats.
Article 243-D gives provisions for the due representation of women and SC/STs.
The State Finance Commission should also evaluate the financial position of the
panchayats every five years.

RESULTS OF THE 73rd AMENDMENT

The passing of the 73rd Amendment has improved local self-government in the country
vastly.
In order to celebrate this and further give impetus to the institutions, the
central government in 2010 decided to observe 24th April every year
as National Panchayati Raj Day.
Today, the formalised Panchayati raj functions in three levels namely, the Gram
Panchayat (at the village level), the Mandal Parishad/Panchayat
Samiti/Block Samiti (at the Block level), and the Zila Parishad (at the district
level)

SALIENT FEATURES

GRAM SABHA: foundation of panchayati raj system, it can excercise powers and perfom
such functions at village level.

THREE TIER SYSTEM: Panchayat at three different levels village, block and district
level. a state having population not exceeding 20 lakh may not constitute
panchayates at intermediate level.

ELECTION OF MEMBERS AND CHAIRPERSONS: Members of the panchayats at village and


intermediate level shall be elected directly by people, whereas the
chairperson shall be elected indirectly by the elected persons. All have right to
vote in the meetings of the panchayats.

RESERVATION OF SEATS: Provides reservation of seats for scheduled castes and


scheduled tribes in every panchayat in proportion of their population
to the total population in the panchayat area. 1/3rd are the total number of
reservations for women including the seats for women belonging to SC and Sts.

11TH SCHEDULE

tate legislatures are required to enact laws granting Panchayats powers and
authority in order for them to perform local government functions.
The distribution of powers between the State legislature and the Panchayats is
enshrined in the 11th schedule.
It includes the following 29 functional items that fall under the purview of
panchayats:
Agriculture, including agricultural extension.
Land improvement, implementation of land reforms, land consolidation, and soil
conservation.
Minor irrigation, water management, and watershed development.
Animal husbandry, dairying, and poultry.
Fisheries.
Social forestry and farm forestry.
The minor forest produces.
Small-scale industries, including food processing industries.
Khadi, village, and cottage industries.
Rural Housing.
Drinking water.
Fuel and fodder.
Roads, culverts, bridges, ferries, waterways, and other means of communication.
Rural electrification, including the distribution of electricity.
Non-conventional energy sources.
Poverty alleviation program.
Education, including primary and secondary schools.
Technical training and vocational education.
Adult and non-formal education.
Libraries.
Cultural activities.
Markets and fairs.
Health and sanitation including hospitals, primary health centers, and
dispensaries.
Family welfare.
Women and child development.
Social welfare, including the welfare of the handicapped and mentally retarded.
The welfare of the weaker sections, in particular, of the scheduled castes and the
scheduled tribes.
Public Distribution System.
Maintenance of community assets.

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