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Q1-Problem-Solving-Involving-Sets

The document discusses the inclusion-exclusion principle for determining the number of elements in unions and intersections of sets, providing various mathematical problems related to this principle. It includes examples involving surveys and student enrollments to calculate specific quantities using the principle. The document serves as a guide for solving problems involving set theory and counting techniques.

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padrinaogieloandrei
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6 views

Q1-Problem-Solving-Involving-Sets

The document discusses the inclusion-exclusion principle for determining the number of elements in unions and intersections of sets, providing various mathematical problems related to this principle. It includes examples involving surveys and student enrollments to calculate specific quantities using the principle. The document serves as a guide for solving problems involving set theory and counting techniques.

Uploaded by

padrinaogieloandrei
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 The inclusion-exclusion principle is

used to determine the number of


elements of the union of two sets.

 If A and B are any sets (joint), then


n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) – n(A ∩ B)
 If A and B are disjoint, then
n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B)
1. Given that n(D) = 28, n(E) = 16, and
n(D ∪ E) = 30, find n(D ∩ E).

2. Given that n(R ∪ S) = 70, n(R ∩ S) = 14,


n(R ∪ S)’ = 30, and n(R) = 31, find n(S)
and n(U).
3. In a survey of 120 people, 55 said they
had bread for breakfast that morning, 40
said they had coffee for breakfast, and 70
said they had bread or coffee for
breakfast.
(a) How many had both bread and
coffee for breakfast?
(b) How many had bread but no coffee?
(c) How many had neither bread nor
coffee for breakfast?
4. Each enrollee in JLG High School has a
requirement A and a requirement B to
accomplish before admission. A group of 145
Grade 7 shows that 60 completed requirement A,
45 completed requirement B and 25 completed
both requirements A and B. Find the number of
students who had completed:
a) Exactly one of the two requirements
b) At least one of the two requirements
c) Neither of the requirements
5. Suppose list A contains 35 students
in a Math class and list B the 40
students in a Science class and 18 are
on both lists. Find the number of
students:

a) Only on list A
b) Only on list B
c) On list A or B
d) On exactly one of the two lists
6. In a survey of 48 high school
students, 20 liked classical music,
and 16 liked bluegrass music.
Twenty students said they did not
like either. How many liked
classical but not bluegrass?
7. In a survey of 500 people, pet food
manufacturer found that 200
owned a dog but not a cat, 150
owned a cat but not a dog, and 100
owned neither a dog nor a cat.
a. How many owned both a dog
and a cat?
b. How many owned a dog?
8. There are 30 students in a
class. Among them, 8 students
are learning both English and
Spanish. A total of 18 students
are learning English. If every
student is learning at least one
language, how many students
are learning Spanish in total?
9. Out of 45 students surveyed, 42
like Math or English or both, 27
students like Math and 22 like
English. How many students
a. like both Math and English
b. like Math only
c. didn’t like any of the subjects
 If there are three sets, the
principle of inclusion and
exclusion states

n(A∪B∪C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C)


– n(A∩B) – n(A∩C) – n(B∩C)
+ n(A∩B∩ C)
1. Students were asked about the searched engine they used.
Ninety of them said they used Google Chrome, 70 used Internet
Explorer, 40 used Mozilla Firefox, 30 used Google Chrome and
Internet Explorer, 20 used Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox,
15 used Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox, and10 used all the
three search engines. Use the Venn diagram to answer the
following.

a) How many students used Mozilla Firefox but not Internet


Explorer?
b) How many students used Internet Explorer only?
c) How many students used exactly one search engine?
d) How many students used exactly two search
engines?
2. A group of 50 students went in a tour in Palawan
province. Out of the 50 students, 24 joined the trip to
Coron; 18 went to Tubbataha Reef; 20 visited El Nido; 12
made a trip to Coron and Tubbataha Reef; 15 saw
Tubbataha Reef and El Nido; 11 made a trip to Coron and
El Nido and 10 saw the three.
a. How many of the students went to Coron only?
b. How many of the students went to Tubbataha Reef only?
c. How many joined the El Nido trip only?
d. How many did not go to any of the tourist spots?
e. How many joined at least two trips?
3. 40 children were asked about the number of
colored stamps they have. 23 said they have
red stamps, 20 said they have blue stamps and
19 said they have green stamps. 12 said they
have both red and blue stamps, 7 said they
have both green and blue stamps, 5 said they
all have three colored stamps and 2 do not
have any at all.
a) How many children have both green and red
stamps?
b) How many have red stamps only?
c) How many have at least 2 colored stamps?
5. A survey made by a fast-food chain last
month showed that of the 1000 respondents,
500 had been to McDonalds, 700 to Jollibee,
450 to Wendy’s, 300 to McDonalds and
Jollibee, 250 to Jollibee and Wendy’s, 220 to
McDonalds and Wendy’s and 100 to all
three. How many went to
a. Wendy’s but not to the other two?
b. only one of them?
c. none of these three?
6. Thirty children were asked about the number of
blocks they have. 18 said they have circular
blocks, 12 said they have square blocks and 19
said they have triangular blocks. Seven said
they have both circular and square, 9 said they
have both square and triangular, 13 said they
have both triangular and circular and 5 have
nothing at all. How many children have
a) all three blocks?
b) at most 2 shaped blocks?
c) circular and square but not triangular?
7. In a survey of 250 business executives, 20 said
that do not read Money, Fortune, nor Business
Week, while 180 said they read exactly one of
these three and 42 said they read exactly two of
them. How many read all three? In a survey of
250 business executives, 20 said that do not read
Money, Fortune, nor Business Week, while 180
said they read exactly one of these three and 42
said they read exactly two of them. How many
read all three?

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