THE-WORLD-OF-RIZALS-TIMEGROUP- (1)
THE-WORLD-OF-RIZALS-TIMEGROUP- (1)
THE WORLD
OF RIZAL’S
TIME
February 19, 1861- 4 months before Rizal’s birth, Czar Alexander II issued a proclamation
emancipating 22, 500,000 serfs ( to appease the rising discontent of the Russian
masses).
When Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, the American Civil War (1861-1865) was raging
furiously in the US over the issue of Negro slavery. Thus, President Lincoln issued his
famous Emancipation proclamation on September 22, 1862 freeing the Negro slaves.
June 1, 1861- Benito Juarez, a full blooded Zapotec Indian, was elected as President of
Mexico (18 days before Rizal was born).
April 1862- Emperor Napoleon III (2nd French empire) invaded and conquered Mexico.
Owing to the raging American Civil War, Juarez could not obtain military aid from his
friend Pres. Lincoln.
June 12, 1864- Napoleon III installed Archduke Maximillian of Austria as a puppet of Mexico
city.
May 15, 1867- with US support, Juarez defeated Maximillian’s French forces in the battle of
Queretaro.
June 19, 1867- (Rizal’s 6th birthday)- Emperor Maximillian was execute
Italians leader of Count Cavour and of Garibaldi and his army of “Red shirts” drove out the
Austrian and French Armies from Italy and proclaimed the kingdom of Italy under King Victor
Emmanuel, with Rome as capital city.
Otto Von Bismarck (Iron Chancellor)- led the Prussians in the Franco- Prussian war and
defeated France and established the German Empire on January 18, 1871.
After the second French empire collapsed, the third French Republic arose with Adolph
Thiers as first President.
By winning the first Opium War (1840-1842) over the Chinese empire under Manchu
Dynasty, England acquired the island of Hongkong (Fragrant Harbor).
2nd Opium War (1856-1860)- England won again and forced the helpless Manchu
dynasty to cede the Kowloon Peninsula.
1859- England imposed her raj (rules) over the subcontinent of India (now consisting
India, Pakistan and Bangladesh).
Burma- was conquered by winning the 3 Anglo-Burmese War (1824-1826, 1852 and
1885).
Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Maldives, Aden, Malaya, Singapore, and Egypt were all British colony
including Australia and New Zealand in the South Pacific.
1858-1863- France with Filipino troops under Spanish officers conquered Vietnam,
annexed Cambodia, and Laos, and merged all these countries into a federated colony under
the name of French Indochina.
The Dutch, after driving away the Portuguese and Spaniards from the East Indies in the
17th century colonized this vast and rich archipelago and named in the Netherlands East
Indies (Now Indonesia)
1894-95- fight with China (Sino Japanese War) and grabbed Formosa (Taiwan)
and Pescadores, 1910 she annexed Korea.
October 22, 1885- The holy father issued his decision about Carolina and Palaus
favoring Spain.
Germany was granted the right to trade in the disputed archipelago and established
coaling station in Yap for the German navy.
II. THE
PHILIPPINES OF
RIZAL’S TIME 11 Evil
Colonial
During the times of Rizal , the sinister Power
shadows of Spain’s decadence
darkened the Philippine Skies.
1. Instability of Colonial administration
2. Corrupt officialdom
3. No Philippine representation in the Spanish
Cortes
4. Human rights denied to Filipinos
5. No equality before the law
6. Maladministration of justice
7. Racial Discrimination
8. Frailocracy
9. Forced labor or Polo y Service
10. Haciendas owned by the friars
11. The Guardia Civil
Instability of Colonial administration
It was 19th Century when Rizal lived with a ferment of event
caused by variant tides of leadership, changes in government,
liberation, violence and war which significantly affected the
lives and fortunes of mankind.