School: PINTO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Grade Level: 11

GRADES 1 to 12 STATISTICS AND

DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher: ARCELIE D. ELARDO Learning Area: PROBABILITY
MELC BASED Teaching Dates: March 17-21, 2025 Quarter: FOURTH

MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY

(Content Standards) The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of correlation and regression analyses.
(Performance Standards) The learner is able to perform correlation and regression analyses on real-life problems in different disciplines.
(Learning Competencies Calculate the Pearson’s sample Solve problems involving Estimates strength of association Identifies the independent and
correlation coefficient. correlation analysis. (M11/12SP- between the variables based on dependent variables (M11-12SP-
(M11/12SP-IVh-2 ) IVh-3) a scatter plot. (M11/12SP-IVh-3) IVi-1)

Lesson Objective
1. Identify the formula in 1. Interpret problems involving
a. Identify and describe
calculating Pearson’s sample correlation analysis;
1. Interpret problems involving dependent and independent
correlation coefficient; 2. Find the correlation coefficient
correlation analysis; variables;
2. Calculate Pearson’s sample of the data.;
2. Find the correlation b. Differentiate dependent and
correlation coefficient; and 3. Display perseverance in
coefficient of the data.; and independent variables; and
3. Integrate patience in performing the task the given.
3. Display perseverance in c. Demonstrate cooperation and
calculating Pearson’s sample
performing the task the given. determination in the given
correlation coefficient.
activity.
(Subject Matter) REVIEW OF LESSON/
Correlation and Regression Correlation and Regression RECORDING OF Correlation and Regression Dependent and independent
Analyses Analyses OUTPUTS/PREPARATION OF Analyses variable
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
(Learning Resources) - Chalk and board - Chalk and board
- Chalk and board - Chalk and board
-PowerPoint Presentation -PowerPoint Presentation
-PowerPoint Presentation -PowerPoint Presentation
- Handouts with practice - Handouts with practice
- Handouts with practice - Handouts with practice
problems problems
problems problems
- Writing materials (notebooks, - Writing materials (notebooks,
- Writing materials (notebooks, - Writing materials (notebooks,
pens) pens)
pens) pens)
(Procedure)
a. Reviewing Previous The teacher will ask the The teacher will ask the The teacher gives the students
Lesson or Presenting the students, “How do you estimate students, “What is correlation The teacher lets the students these scenarios:
New Lesson strength association between analysis in Statistics?” recall the steps in solving the
the variables based on a scatter Possible response: Correlation is correlation coefficient of a given a. the growth of plant / amount
plot?” a statistical technique that can data. of water and sunlight received
show whether and how strongly b. grade in each subject /
 pairs of variables are related.
For example, height and weight compliance of performance,
are related; taller people tend to written, and quarterly
be heavier than shorter people. assessments
The relationship isn't perfect. c. cure of one’s sickness / the
As we noted, sample correlation treatment of the disease
coefficients range from -1 to +1. what is the relationship of the
In practice, meaningful the 1st and 2nd phrase?
correlations (i.e., correlations
that are clinically or practically Possible response:
important) can be as small as 1st phrase depends on the 2 nd
0.4 (or -0.4) for positive (or phrase
negative) associations.
b. Establishing purpose for The teacher will ask the The teacher will let the students
the lesson following questions to students: realized the importance on
correlation analysis.
1. Why do we need to calculate
the Pearson’s sample
correlation coefficient? In the business world, it finds out
The teacher will let the students
Possible answer: We estimate a what satisfies your customers
realized the importance on
sample correlation coefficient, and employees – and what keeps
correlation analysis.
more specifically the Pearson them loyal. Typically used in
Product Moment correlation customer satisfaction and
In the business world, it finds
coefficient. The sample employee satisfaction studies,
out what satisfies your
correlation coefficient, denoted correlation analysis measures the
customers and employees – and
r, ranges between -1 and +1 and degree of linear relationship The teacher lets the students
what keeps them loyal. Typically
quantifies the direction and between two variables. realize that recognizing
used in customer satisfaction
strength of the linear dependence and independence
and employee satisfaction
association between the two of relationships are important
studies, correlation analysis
variables. The correlation skills needed to understand the
measures the degree of linear
between two variables can be concepts of dependent and
relationship between two
positive (i.e., higher levels of independent variable.
variables.
one variable are associated with
higher levels of the other) or
It answers questions like: “which
negative (i.e., higher levels of
elements contribute most to
one variable are associated with
customer/employee overall
lower levels of the other).
satisfaction or loyalty?”
The sign of the correlation
coefficient indicates the
direction of the association. The
magnitude of the correlation
coefficient indicates the
strength of the association.
c. Presenting The teacher will present The correlation analysis through
example/instances of example and solve the Pearson’s scatter plot.
the new lesson correlation coefficient with the
students. The teacher lets the students
work by pair.
Example: To compute the
sample correlation coefficient, The teacher gives the variables
we need to compute the from the different situations and
variance of gestational age, the the students will identify which
variance of birth weight, and is independent or dependent
also the covariance of variables.
gestational age and birth A. Jake averages 20 points
weight. per game when he
plays basketball. What
is the functional
relationship between
the total number of
points that Jake scores
and the number of
games he plays?
Ans. total number of
points that Jake scores
– dependent, number
of games he plays-
independent
B. If I change the amount
of water a plant
receives, the height of
the plant will change
Ans. amount of water a
plant receives –
independent, height of
the plant will change -
dependent
C. Jessica has a summer
To compute the covariance of job that pays Php6.50
gestational age and birth per hour. Her total pay
weight, we need to multiply the for one day was
deviation from the mean Php32.50.
gestational age by the deviation Ans. dependent: total
from the mean birth weight for pay of Jessica,
each participant, that is: independent: pay of
Jessica’s summer job
per hour
d. Discussing new concepts The teacher will present the Independent Variable:
process in solving the Pearson’s
Correlation Coefficient. Variables that can be
controlled it is also called the
Steps in solving the Pearson’s “cause”
Correlation Coefficient:
Dependent Variable:
1. Get the mean of each
variable. Variables that depends
2. Find the variance of each. on the controlled variable
3. Compute the covariance.
4. Solve for the correlation Identify the dependent and
coefficient. independent variables in the
following situations.
1. A college professor studies
how attitude affects the math
performance of engineering
students
Ans. independent- attitude.
Dependent- math performance
of engineering students
2. A scientist conducts a
In correlation analysis, we research to determine how the
estimate a sample correlation speed of a car is related to the
coefficient, more specifically distance covered, assuming that
the Pearson Product Moment the time of the trip is kept
correlation coefficient. The constant
sample correlation coefficient, Ans. independent- distance and
denoted r, ranges between -1 time of trip, dependent- speed
and +1 and quantifies the 3. The principal wants to
direction and strength of the determine how age correlates to
linear association between the the attention span of the
two variables. The correlation students
between two variables can be
positive (i.e., higher levels of
one variable are associated with
higher levels of the other) or
 negative (i.e., higher levels of
one variable are associated with
lower levels of the other).

The sign of the correlation

coefficient indicates the
direction of the association. The
magnitude of the correlation
coefficient indicates the
strength of the association.

For example, a correlation of r =

0.9 suggests a strong, positive
association between two
variables, whereas a correlation
of r = -0.2 suggest a weak,
negative association. A
correlation close to zero
suggests no linear association
between two continuous
variables.
e. Continuation of the The teacher discusses the ff.:
discussion of new Independent variable
concepts An independent variable is a
variable that represents a
quantity that is being
manipulated in an experiment.
Example:
You are doing chores to earn
your allowance. For each chore
you do, you earn 20php.
What is the independent
variable?
The independent variable is the
number of chores you do
because this is the variable you
have control over.
Dependent variables
A dependent variable represents
a quantity whose value depends
on how the independent
variable is manipulated.
 Example:
Let's use the same context.
You are doing chores to earn
your allowance. For each chore
you do, you earn 20php.
What is the dependent variable?
The dependent variable
is the amount of money
you earn because the
amount of money you
earn depends on how
many chores you do.
f. Developing Mastery The teacher will ask the
students to work in pairs and
find the correlation coefficient.

Possible answer:
r=0.827920353
The sample correlation
coefficient indicates a strong
positive correlation.

g. Finding practical The teacher allows the students Allow the students to give
applications of concepts to give examples and do the examples and do the activity
and skills in daily living activity such as arm span and such as arm span and height of a
height of a person, daily person, daily allowance and
allowance and weight of a weight of a person, etc. Ask
person, etc. Ask them to them to tabulate their data and
tabulate their data and calculate calculate the correlation
the correlation coefficient using coefficient using Pearson’s
Pearson’s sample. sample.
h. Making generalizations Bear in mind:
and abstractions about The teacher summarizes the
the lesson The sample correlation following:
coefficient, denoted r, ranges Independent variable
between -1 and +1 and quantifies An independent variable is a
the direction and strength of the variable that represents a
linear association between the quantity that is being
The teacher will have a closure two variables. The correlation manipulated in an experiment.
about the topic by giving the Bear in mind: between two variables can be Example:
students things to remember. positive (i.e., higher levels of one You are doing chores to earn
Bear in mind: variable are associated with your allowance. For each chore
The sample correlation
higher levels of the other) or you do, you earn 20php.
coefficient, denoted r, ranges
negative (i.e., higher levels of one What is the independent
The sample correlation between -1 and +1 and
variable are associated with variable?
coefficient, denoted r, ranges quantifies the direction and
lower levels of the other). The independent variable is the
between -1 and +1 and strength of the linear
number of chores you do
quantifies the direction and association between the two
because this is the variable you
strength of the linear variables. The correlation
have control over.
association between the two between two variables can be
Dependent variables
variables. The correlation positive (i.e., higher levels of
A dependent variable represents
between two variables can be one variable are associated with
a quantity whose value depends
positive (i.e., higher levels of higher levels of the other) or
on how the independent
one variable are associated with negative (i.e., higher levels of
variable is manipulated.
higher levels of the other) or one variable are associated with
Example:
negative (i.e., higher levels of lower levels of the other).
Let's use the same context.
one variable are associated with
You are doing chores to earn
lower levels of the other).
your allowance. For each chore
you do, you earn 20php.
What is the dependent variable?
The dependent variable is the
amount of money you earn
because the amount of money
you earn depends on how many
chores you do.

i. Evaluating learning The teacher lets the students The class will be grouped into The class will be grouped into The students answer this
work individually. seven with five members and five groups. Each group will do individually on ½ crosswise
answer the following problems. the following. paper

1. Calculate and analyze the 1. Give two examples that are Directions: Identify the
correlation coefficient between positively correlated. Show the dependent and independent
the number of study hours and data and solve for the correlation variables in each pair of the
the number of sleeping hours of coefficient. following variables. Place you
different students. 2. Give two examples that are answer in the table.
 negatively correlated. Show the
data and solve for the correlation
coefficient. 1. Altitude and
acceleration
2. Price of goods and the
demand
3. Monthly salary and
annual income of a
worker

4. IQ and academic
performance of a
student
5. Temperature and
volume of air in a
balloon

REFLECTION

Prepared by: Checked by:

ARCELIE D. ELARDO DAVID B. DUPYAWON JR.

Teacher III Head Teacher III