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Fortran - Dynamic Arrays

The document explains dynamic arrays in Fortran, which are declared with the allocatable attribute and require the allocate and deallocate functions for memory management. It provides examples of using data statements for initializing arrays and the where statement for conditional element manipulation. The document includes sample code demonstrating these concepts and their outputs.

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idham.adiwijaya2
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5 views

Fortran - Dynamic Arrays

The document explains dynamic arrays in Fortran, which are declared with the allocatable attribute and require the allocate and deallocate functions for memory management. It provides examples of using data statements for initializing arrays and the where statement for conditional element manipulation. The document includes sample code demonstrating these concepts and their outputs.

Uploaded by

idham.adiwijaya2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fortran - Dynamic Arrays


A dynamic array is an array, the size of which is not known at compile time, but will be
known at execution time.

Dynamic arrays are declared with the attribute allocatable.

For example,

real, dimension (:,:), allocatable :: darray

The rank of the array, i.e., the dimensions has to be mentioned however, to allocate
memory to such an array, you use the allocate function.

allocate ( darray(s1,s2) )

After the array is used, in the program, the memory created should be freed using the
deallocate function

deallocate (darray)

Example

The following example demonstrates the concepts discussed above.

program dynamic_array
implicit none

!rank is 2, but size not known


real, dimension (:,:), allocatable :: darray
integer :: s1, s2
integer :: i, j

print*, "Enter the size of the array:"


read*, s1, s2

! allocate memory
allocate ( darray(s1,s2) )

do i = 1, s1
do j = 1, s2
darray(i,j) = i*j
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print*, "darray(",i,",",j,") = ", darray(i,j)


end do
end do

deallocate (darray)
end program dynamic_array

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Enter the size of the array: 3,4


darray( 1 , 1 ) = 1.00000000
darray( 1 , 2 ) = 2.00000000
darray( 1 , 3 ) = 3.00000000
darray( 1 , 4 ) = 4.00000000
darray( 2 , 1 ) = 2.00000000
darray( 2 , 2 ) = 4.00000000
darray( 2 , 3 ) = 6.00000000
darray( 2 , 4 ) = 8.00000000
darray( 3 , 1 ) = 3.00000000
darray( 3 , 2 ) = 6.00000000
darray( 3 , 3 ) = 9.00000000
darray( 3 , 4 ) = 12.0000000

Use of Data Statement


The data statement can be used for initialising more than one array, or for array section
initialisation.

The syntax of data statement is −

data variable / list / ...

Example

The following example demonstrates the concept −

program dataStatement
Live Demo
implicit none

integer :: a(5), b(3,3), c(10),i, j


data a /7,8,9,10,11/
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data b(1,:) /1,1,1/


data b(2,:)/2,2,2/
data b(3,:)/3,3,3/
data (c(i),i = 1,10,2) /4,5,6,7,8/
data (c(i),i = 2,10,2)/5*2/

Print *, 'The A array:'


do j = 1, 5
print*, a(j)
end do

Print *, 'The B array:'


do i = lbound(b,1), ubound(b,1)
write(*,*) (b(i,j), j = lbound(b,2), ubound(b,2))
end do

Print *, 'The C array:'


do j = 1, 10
print*, c(j)
end do

end program dataStatement

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

The A array:
7
8
9
10
11
The B array:
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
The C array:
4
2
5
2
6
2
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7
2
8
2

Use of Where Statement


The where statement allows you to use some elements of an array in an expression,
depending on the outcome of some logical condition. It allows the execution of the
expression, on an element, if the given condition is true.

Example

The following example demonstrates the concept −

program whereStatement
Live Demo
implicit none

integer :: a(3,5), i , j

do i = 1,3
do j = 1, 5
a(i,j) = j-i
end do
end do

Print *, 'The A array:'

do i = lbound(a,1), ubound(a,1)
write(*,*) (a(i,j), j = lbound(a,2), ubound(a,2))
end do

where( a<0 )
a = 1
elsewhere
a = 5
end where

Print *, 'The A array:'


do i = lbound(a,1), ubound(a,1)
write(*,*) (a(i,j), j = lbound(a,2), ubound(a,2))
end do
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end program whereStatement

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

The A array:
0 1 2 3 4
-1 0 1 2 3
-2 -1 0 1 2
The A array:
5 5 5 5 5
1 5 5 5 5
1 1 5 5 5

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