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Chapter 3 Lesson 1&2_shena

Modernization theory, developed in the mid-20th century, posits that countries transition from traditional to modern societies through stages driven by industrialization and social change. Walt Rostow's four stages of modernization include Traditional, Take-off, Technological Maturity, and High Mass Consumption, each representing a different level of economic and social development. While the theory has contributed to understanding development and policy influence, it faces criticisms for ethnocentrism, oversimplification, and neglecting structural inequalities.

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Chapter 3 Lesson 1&2_shena

Modernization theory, developed in the mid-20th century, posits that countries transition from traditional to modern societies through stages driven by industrialization and social change. Walt Rostow's four stages of modernization include Traditional, Take-off, Technological Maturity, and High Mass Consumption, each representing a different level of economic and social development. While the theory has contributed to understanding development and policy influence, it faces criticisms for ethnocentrism, oversimplification, and neglecting structural inequalities.

Uploaded by

vladi.mireer123
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson 2

MODERNIZATION
THEORY
Shena Mae B. Bangcaya
BSED 2B_SCIENCE
MODERNIZATION THEORY PROPONENTS

Walt Whitman Rostow Talcott Parsons


(1916-2003) (1902-1972)
Modernization theory is a social science
theory that emerged in the mid-20th
century, primarily in the context of
development studies. It suggests that
countries can progress from traditional
to modern societies through a series of
stages, driven by industrialization,
economic growth, and social change.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1 Post world war two's deepening poverty in some countries.

2 Ideological competition from communism.

3 Increasing unrest in some countries.

4 The above posed a threat to capitalism, and especially the USA.

5 This led to the development of modernisation theory (mainly by


US economists and policy makers).
• In the 1950s and early 1960s modernization the was developed by
a number of social scientists, particurany a group of American
scholars the most prominent of whom was Talcott Parsons. Much
of this interest in modernization was prompted by the decline of
the old colonial empires.
• Modernization theory is a grand theory encompassing many
different disciplines as it seeks to explain how society
progresses, what variables affect that progress, and how
societies can react to that progress.
• Modernization theory focuses specifically on a type of
modernization thought to have originated in Europe
during the 17th century, which brought social norms and
technological achievements into a new epoch.
• For a country to be seen as modern, modernization
theorists it has to under go an evolutionary advance in
science and technology which in turn would lead to an
increased standard for all.
AIM OF MODERNIZATION THEORY
A.) Explain why poorer countries failed to evolve into
modern societies.

B.) Reduce the spread of communism by presenting


capitalist values as the solution to poverty.
Lesson 3

WALT ROSTOW'S
FOUR STAGES OF
MODERNIZATION
Shena Mae B. Bangcaya
BSED 2B_SCIENCE
STAGE 1: TRADITIONAL STAGE
This refers to the societies that are structured
around small, local communities with production
typically being done in family settings. Because these
societies have limited resources and technology,
most of their time is spent on laboring to produce
food, which creates a strict social hierarchy.
STAGE 2: TAKE-OFF STAGE

People begin to use their individual talents to


produce things beyond the necessities. This
innovation creates new markets for trade. In turn,
greater individualism takes hold and social status
is more closely linked with material wealth.
STAGE 3: TECHNOLOGICAL MATURITY

Nations in this phase typically begin to push for


social change along with economic change like
implementing basic schooling for everyone and
developing more democratic political systems.
STAGE 4: HIGH MASS CONSUMPTION
It is when your country is big enough that
production becomes more about wants than needs.
Many of these countries put social support systems
in place to ensure that all of their citizens have
access to basic necessities
CONTRIBUTIONS OF MODERNIZATION THEORY
1. Development and Economic Growth
2. Social and Political Change
3. Technological and Educational Advancements
4. Cultural Shifts
5. Linear Process of Development
6. Policy Influence
7. Focus on Institutional Building
CRITISMS OF MODERNIZATION THEORY
1.) Ethnocentrism
2.) Over-Simplification of Development
3.) Neglect of Structural Inequalities
4.) Determinism and Linear Progress
5.) Overemphasis on Economic Growth
6.) Failure to Account for Globalization
7.) Lack of Attention to Political and Social Context
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION!

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