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MC Lab File Arnav

The document outlines a mobile computing lab file focused on Wireless Markup Language (WML) for a Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering. It includes various experiments aimed at understanding WML, its syntax, and practical applications using the WinWAP emulator. The document also discusses the historical context of WAP technology and its evolution in mobile browsing.

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15 views19 pages

MC Lab File Arnav

The document outlines a mobile computing lab file focused on Wireless Markup Language (WML) for a Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering. It includes various experiments aimed at understanding WML, its syntax, and practical applications using the WinWAP emulator. The document also discusses the historical context of WAP technology and its evolution in mobile browsing.

Uploaded by

avengeradi15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GURU TEGH BAHARDUR

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

MOBILE COMPUTING LAB FILE

EXPERIMENT 1
Submitted to: Dr. Vidisha Khetarpal
Submitted by: Arnav sharma
Class & roll no.: ECE 2 | 0691320822
AIM: To study Wireless Markup language (WML).

Mobile computing refers to using the small portable and hand-held


computing devices such as PDA, laptops, mobile phones, MP3 players, digital
cameras, tablet PC and Palmtops in a wireless enabled network. In broad
sense, it is referred to use any handheld computing device without the
cables.

In this Lab, programs are designed on WML (Wireless Markup Language),


which is the programming language to design the mobile phone pages and
also the part of the subject curriculum.

Wireless Markup Language, based on XML, is a markup language intended


for devices that implement the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
specification, such as mobile phones. It provides navigational support, data
input, hyperlinks, text and image presentation, and forms, much like HTML
(Hypertext Markup Language). It preceded the use of other markup
languages now used with WAP, such as HTML itself, and XHTML (which are
gaining in popularity as processing power in mobile devices increases). The
official WML specification is developed and maintained by the WAP Forum,
an industry-wide consortium founded by Nokia, Phone.com, Motorola, and
Ericsson. This specification defines the syntax, variables, and elements used
in a valid WML file.

WML Tags: WAP homepages are not very different from HTML homepages.
The markup language used for WAP is WML (Wireless Markup Language).
WML uses tags - just like HTML - but the syntax is stricter and conforms to
the XML 1.0 standard. WML pages have the extension". WML, just like HTML
pages have the extension *. HTML. WML is mostly about text. Tags that
would slow down the communication with handheld devices are not a part of
the WML standard. The use of tables and images is strongly restricted. Since
WML is an XML application, all tags are case sensitive (<wml> is not the
same as </WML>), and all tags must be properly closed.

Element Tags: As WML is a language derived from XML, each element has
an opening and a closing tag; if no actual content exists, an abbreviation can
be used. WML is therefore case sensitive, tags have to be given in lowercase
letters.

<tag>Content</tag>

<tag/>
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<tag attribute="value1">

Content</tag>

<tag attribute="value"/>

Meta Tags: Proliferate information to search engines and are surrounded by


a <head> tag. These are located at the head of the file after the prolog and
the <wml> tag.

<head>

<meta name="keywords" content="keyword"/>

<meta name="description" content="a description"/><meta name="author"

content Thomas

Ziegler"/> </head>

Links: Links may be given in two ways, but the <a> tag is preferred.

<anchor> Go to URL<go href="url.wml"/></anchor>

<anchor>Go to URL<go href="http://wml.org.de/url.wml"/></anchor> <a


accesskey="1"

href="#card">Go to card</a>

<a href="http://wml.org/deck.wml/#card">Go to card</a>

CDATA: With a CDATA section text can be displayed without interpretation


of tags and special characters.

<![CDATA[Dies ist ein langer, unformatierter Text, der <nicht> geparst


wird, daher sind auch

"$%&" Zeichen erlaubt]]>

IMAGES: The WBMP format (Wireless Bitmap) is used to code images under
WML. Nokia has a DOS based conversion utility.

<img src="bild.wbmp" alt="Text">

src: URL des Bildes

alt: Alternative text (mandatory)


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align: "top", "middle", "bottom" (alignment)

INPUT: <input> generates a text entry field and validates the entry against
a format specification. The value is returned in a Variable.

<input name="Name" value="Template"/>

<head>

<meta name="keywords" content="keyword"/>

Winwap 4.0

Introduction:

WinWAP 4.0 was a software application released in the late 1990s that
functioned as a WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) browser specifically
designed for personal computers. WAP was a precursor to modern mobile
web browsing, enabling users to access basic text-based websites and
services on their early mobile phones. WinWAP 4.0 bridged the gap, allowing
desktop users to experience and interact with this nascent mobile web
environment.

History:

Developed by WinWAP Technologies, WinWAP 4.0 was released sometime


around 1999. As mobile internet usage gradually gained traction, WAP
browsers like WinWAP emerged to provide a way to access limited web
content on devices with restricted capabilities. However, with the
advancements in mobile technology and the rise of smartphones. WAP and
WAP browsers like WinWAP eventually became obsolete.

Characteristics:

• WAP compatibility: WinWAP 4.0 adhered to the WAP specifications,


enabling it to render and interact with WAP websites designed for
mobile phones.
• Limited functionality: Compared to modern web browsers, Win WAP
4.0 offered a much simpler and stripped-down experience. It primarily
focused on text-based content and lacked the ability to display
complex graphics or multimedia elements.

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• Desktop-based: Unlike mobile browsers, Win WAP 4.0 was a software
program installed on personal computers, allowing users to explore the
WAP world from their desktops.

Applications:

• Early mobile web exploration: WinWAP 4.0 provided a platform for


desktop users to experiment with and understand the functionalities of
the early mobile web.
• Testing and development: Developers could utilize WinWAP 4.0 to test
and debug WAP websites they were creating for mobile devices.
• Limited practical use: Due to its restricted capabilities and the rapid
evolution of mobile technology, WinWAP 4.0 likely had limited practical
applications for everyday users.

Winwap emulator

Introduction:

The Win WAP Smartphone Browser Emulator, released in 2002 by Winwap


Technologies. ofers a unique glimpse into the past of mobile browsing. While
modern smartphones boust high-resolution displays, touchscreens, and
access to a vast web of information, the early mobile web existed in a vastly
different landscape. This emulator allows users to experience what browsing
the internet felt like on early feature phones, also known as smartphones" at
the time.

Functionality and Features:

The Win WAP emulator faithfully replicates the limitations and functionalities
of a basic WAP browser found on early mobile devices. Upon launching,
users are greeted with a smolated phone interface, complete with a small
screen, directional buttons for navigation, and a limited number of on-screen
options. Text input relies on the user's PC keyboard, mimicking the
cumbersome process of typing on a physical phone keypad.

WAP vs. Modern Web:

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The content accessible through the emulator primarily consists of WAP
(Wireless Application Protocol) websites. WAP, the dominant mobile web
technology pre-dating HTML5, was designed for the restricted capabilities of
early phones. WAP pages were characterized by:

• Simple layouts: Limited use of graphics and complex formatting to


ensure fast loading times on slow data connections.
• Text-heavy content: Reliance on text-based information due to
limitations in displaying multimedia elements.
• Limited interactivity: Basic navigation options and functionalities
compared to the interactive features of modern web pages.

Limitations and Considerations:

It's important to acknowledge that the WinWAP emulator is a legacy


software and may not function flawlessly on modern operating systems.
Additionally, due to the discontinued support and evolving web standards,
accessing many contemporary websites through the emulator might not be
possible.

Conclusion:

The Win WAP Smartphone Browser Emulator serves as a valuable historical


artefact, offering a unique window into the early days of mobile browsing
While its functionalities may seem archaic compared to modern standards, it
provides a thought-provoking reminder of the remarkable progress made in
mobile technology and the ever-evolving nature of the internet. As we
continue to navigate the ever-expanding digital landscape, appreciating the
challenges and limitations of the past can foster a deeper understanding of
the present and inform the development of the future.

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EXPERIMENT 2
AIM: Write a Program to Print "This is my first Experiment" in WML.

SOFTWARE USED: WinWap 4.2, Win Wap Smartphone Browse Emulator

CODE:

OUTPUT:

WinWap Window

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Winwap Emulator

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EXPERIMENT 3
AIM: Write a program to create a link break in WML.

Software used: WinWap 4.2, WinWap smartphone browse emulator

CODE:

OUTPUT:

WinWap Window

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WinWap Emulator

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EXPERIMENT 4
AIM: Write a program in WML to illustrate the font size.

Software used: WinWap 4.2, WinWap smartphone browse emulator

CODE:

OUTPUT:

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WinWap Window:

Winwap Emulator:

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EXPERIMENT 5
AIM: Write a program to create a table in WML card.

Software used: WinWap 4.2, WinWap smartphone browse emulator

CODE:

OUTPUT:

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WinWap Window:

Winwap Emulator:

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EXPERIMENT 6
AIM: Write a program with two cards one for user input and other
for displaying the result.

Software used: WinWap 4.2, WinWap smartphone browse emulator

CODE:

OUTPUT:

WinWap Window:

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Winwap Emulator:

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EXPERIMENT 7
AIM: Write a program to introduce input box in a WML form.

Software used: WinWap 4.2, WinWap smartphone browse emulator

CODE:

OUTPUT:

WinWap Window:

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Winwap Emulator:

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