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Anthro Damp Day 1

The document outlines the structure for answering questions on anthropology, specifically focusing on the evolutionism theories of Tylor and Morgan, highlighting their intellectual flaws and moral defects. It also compares the functionalist perspectives of Malinowski and Brown, noting their differing views on societal needs and functions. The content emphasizes the critiques of early anthropological theories and the evolution of functionalism in understanding social structures.

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Pankaj Pawar
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12 views3 pages

Anthro Damp Day 1

The document outlines the structure for answering questions on anthropology, specifically focusing on the evolutionism theories of Tylor and Morgan, highlighting their intellectual flaws and moral defects. It also compares the functionalist perspectives of Malinowski and Brown, noting their differing views on societal needs and functions. The content emphasizes the critiques of early anthropological theories and the evolution of functionalism in understanding social structures.

Uploaded by

Pankaj Pawar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ANTHROPOLOGY DAMP

Day-1
Structure of the Answers

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1. DAY 1
1) What were the main features of the evolutionism theories of Tylor and Morgan, and how did these features
made their theories as "intellectually flawed" and “morally defective”? 20 marks
Structure of The Answer:

Define Evolutionism

Basic Idea

Contribution of Tylor- 1) Savagery, Barbarism and Civilization


2) Evolution of Religion
Contribution of Morgan- 4 Criteria to rank society – Tech and innovation, idea of govt, idea of family and
idea of property

Intellectual flaws
1) Unilinear evolution
2) Arm-Chair Anthro without Empirical Evidence
3) Ignoring Variation and unique history
4) Simplistic Classification
5) Ethnocentrism
Moral Defects
1) Cultural superiority
2) Colonial rule
3) Racism- Morgan influenced by Samuel G. Morton
4) Social Darwinism
Conclusion
The evolutionary theories of Tylor and Morgan, while influential in the history of anthropology, have been
subjected to significant critique due to their oversimplification of cultural development, ethnocentric
biases, and their potential implications in justifying colonialism and cultural subjugation. These criticisms
have led to the re-evaluation and revision of these evolutionary frameworks in modern anthropological
thought.

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2) Although Malinowski and Brown belonged to same school of Functionalism, they presented a distinct
version of it. Comment. 15 marks
Basic Structure
Malinowski and Brown belong to school of Functionalism which focuses on the function of social institution
and how they help satisfy certain “needs”. However, their idea of needs was different.

1. Malinowski vs brown idea of needs


Need for Malinowski certain biological condition satisfaction of which is necessary for survival.
Need for Brown is necessary condition for survival of society

2. Malinowski vs Brown theory of function


Malinowski argues that function is to satisfy individual needs through appropriate act. He uses the idea of
charter.
Brown argues that function is to maintain existing social structure. Elaborate on idea of social structure.

Conclusion
Malinowski and Brown’s functionalism seems to be different but the difference is only of priority, as society is
a group of individuals and individuals cannot exist without society.

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