Simple Guidelines for Developing Projects by Daniel Kagiri
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danielkagiri97Simple Guidelines for Developing Projects by Daniel Kagiri
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SIMPLE GUIDELINES TO DEVELOPING PROJECTS.
A project is a set of tasks that must be completed within a defined timeline to accomplish a
specific set of goals.
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. It has a
specific goal, objective, or set of objectives, and is typically bound by constraints such as time,
budget, and resources.
Projects are assignments given to the learners to be done over a period of time either
individually or in groups expecting to come up with a tangible product
Projects are rooted from Project Based Learning which is the application of the
comprehensive methodology to inculcate the spirit of strategizing industry operations in
a real-learning environment.
The project work mainly aims to foster students with an opportunity to develop
conceptual, analytical, practical, communication and interpersonal skills.
A project typically includes:
1. Specific objectives or goals, 2. A defined scope of work, 3. A schedule or timeline, 4. A budget or
financial plan, 5. Resources (such as personnel, materials, equipment), 6. Risk management plans,
7. Quality management plans, 8. Communication plans
Projects often aim at;
1. Creating new products or services e.g herb in biology
2. Improving existing products or services e.g making an improved insect trap
3. Implementing new processes or technologies
4. Expanding or renovating infrastructure
5. Conducting research and development
6. Hosting events or exhibitions
7. Managing change or transition
8. Improving quality or efficiency
9. Reducing costs or increasing revenue
10. Achieving strategic objectives
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11. Creating models to solve insufficiency of materials, e.g human heart from paper boxes in
biology, volleyball net in physical education etc
HOW TO IDENTIFY A PROJECT
Basically, projects are derived from society problems or challenges and they intend
to be a solution to the problem or challenges discovered.
Therefore , a learner should ask him or herself the 4 important questions that will
guide him or her on selecting the societal problem or challenge and its solution
which are key in identifying what project to take on.
Below are the 4 important questions;
1) What is the problem?
2) What can i do about the problem?
3) How can i do what i want to do?
4) What will i achieve?
THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Project work is done in phases or competencies and they include;
I. Project planning
II. Project implementation
III. Project reporting
IV. Project dissemination
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COMPETENCY 1 : PROJECT PLANNING
1. Project identification. E.g. Through literature review, consulting teachers, peers, internal and non
-internal school members, the learner identifies a problem of which the project intends to solve
2. Development of a project title. i.e.; Title must be related to the theme and should have a range of
7-25 words. Eg In Biology ‘‘A PROJECT OF MAKING AN INSECT TRAP TO PREVENT INJURIES
CAUSED BY HARMFUL INSECTS AT KIBOGA LIGHT COLLEGE’’,
In Agriculture, " A PROJECT OF MAKING A LIQUID BIO PESTICIDE TO KILL SPINACH PESTS IN
THE SCHOOL GARDEN AT UGANDA MARTYRS HIGH SCHOOL KIBOGA"
In Physical Education, " A PROJECT OF MAKING A VOLLEYBALL NET TO SOLVE INSUFFICIENCY
OF PE MATERIALS AT HELM SECONDARY SCHOOL"
Note: The title should bear the product/service to be made, problem or challenges to be solved
and the site where the problem or challenges are occurring.
3. Establishment of purpose of the project. The purpose should reflect goal/ aim the project
intends to achieve and should reflect the title and the theme.
4. Development of project objectives. These should be SMART. Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic and Time bound. Eg. For the above topic;
o To prevent disease outbreak
o To reduce vector borne illnesses
o To minimise financial impact on insect damage
o To prevent nuisance i.e disturbing insects
o To protect livestock
o To prevent crop damage
5. Justifying the project. That is; Explain/ state reasons for carrying out the project/ Benefits of the
project
6. Identifying resources needed to carry out the project
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7. Development of project activity/ plan. i.e.
o It should be relevant to project activities
o Logically sequenced activities
o Clear time lines
o Responsible persons for carrying out activities
8. Integration of knowledge and skills from different subject disciplines.
9. Incorporating cross cutting issues in the project planning process. E.g. Environmental
awareness, Health awareness, mixed abilities and involvement, socio- economic issues and
citizenship and patriotism.
10. Demonstration of generic skills. i.e
Critical thinking and problem solving, communication, Creativity and Innovation, Cooperation and
Self-directed learning and Mathematical computation and ICT proficiency.
COMPETENCY 2 : PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
1. Gathering resources for the project. E.g. Through borrowing, exchange for materials, buying
resources, improvising, fundraises for materials etc.
2. Using gathered resources. E.g. use them for planned purpose/ multiple purposes
3. Engage stake holders. E.g. collect letters on engagement, reports, and minutes. Pictures,
posters, audios etc.
4. Creation of a product/ Service.
This should be in line with the objectives, authentic (original), unique (exceptional)
5. Demonstration of generic skills. i.e.
Critical thinking and problem solving, communication, Creativity and Innovation, Cooperation and
Self-directed learning and Mathematical computation and ICT proficiency.
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COMPETENCY 3 : PROJECT REPORTING
1. Use an appropriate report format. I.e. it should have title, introduction, body and conclusion
2. (a). Develop content of the project report for introduction. I.e. name of the project, objectives,
purpose of the project and justification of the report
(b). Develop content of the project report for the body. I.e. activities undertaken, achievements,
resources mobilized, financial plan ( budget), procedure of creating a product or service,
description of the product or service, problems faced, solutions to problems, lessons or skills
learnt.
(c). Develop content of the project report for conclusion. I.e. an overall evaluation/ assessment of
the project
(d). Recommendations related to the project
3. Use appropriate language in the project report. I.e;
o It should at least have 5 terminologies related to project
o Less than 5 spelling errors
o Less than 5 punctuation errors
o Less than 5 tense errors
4. Keep project records. E.g. Plan, budget, activity schedule, stake holders engagement documents
e.g letters, minutes, reports etc, interaction of facilitator and report
COMPETENCY 4 : PROJECT DISSEMINATION
Project dissemination refers to the process of sharing and communicating the results, findings,
and lessons learned from a project to various stakeholders, audiences, and communities.
The goal of dissemination is to:
1. Share knowledge and expertise
2. Inform decision-making and policy development
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3. Influence practice and behavior
4. Build awareness and understanding
5. Facilitate replication and scaling up
Disseminate the project through
1. speaking/ signing
2. Publish the project report. E.g. Through school library, newspapers, magazines, posters, notice
boards, billboards, exhibitions etc.
3. Demonstrate generic skills. i.e.
o Critical thinking and problem solving,
o Communication,
o Creativity and Innovation,
o Cooperation and Self-directed learning and
o Mathematical computation and ICT proficiency.
AN OVERVIEW OF PROJECTS UNDER THE NLSC
The New lower secondary curriculum requires learners to acquire project skills during
the four years of the lower secondary cycle.
The learners are required to undertake projects from senior one to senior four.
A. Projects from S.1 to S.2
i. The learner shall be required to do one project in every subject offered for the first two
years i.e. from S. 1 to S. 2.
ii. If the learner is offering 12 subjects, they will carry out 12 projects by the end of S.2.
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iii. S.1 and S.2 learners will carry out simple routine projects.
iv. The projects for S.1 & S.2 may be carried out in a group setting or individually.
v. Learners shall carry out 2 projects per term, each project in a different subject from
S.1 to S.2 (6 terms).
vi. The projects from S.1 to S.2 shall be guided by learning outcomes and topics under a
particular theme(s) of a given term in which the project is being carried out.
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B. Projects from S.3 to S.4
i . The learner shall be required carry out one integrated project from S.3 to S.4. This project
shall run from S.3 term 1 to S.4 term 2.
ii. The projects from S.3 to S.4 shall be done individually.
iii. Project work from S.3 will be guided by a theme provided by UNEB on annual basis.
