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Lecture 2 Environmental Jurisprudence

The document discusses intergenerational responsibility, emphasizing the moral duty to protect the environment for future generations, as illustrated by the landmark Oposa v. Factoran case in the Philippines. It outlines the evolution of environmental laws in the Philippines from the 1970s to the present, highlighting significant legislation aimed at promoting sustainability and protecting natural resources. The document underscores the importance of making informed choices today to ensure a healthier and fairer world for future generations.

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Lady Anthea Arellano
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Lecture 2 Environmental Jurisprudence

The document discusses intergenerational responsibility, emphasizing the moral duty to protect the environment for future generations, as illustrated by the landmark Oposa v. Factoran case in the Philippines. It outlines the evolution of environmental laws in the Philippines from the 1970s to the present, highlighting significant legislation aimed at promoting sustainability and protecting natural resources. The document underscores the importance of making informed choices today to ensure a healthier and fairer world for future generations.

Uploaded by

Lady Anthea Arellano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9

Name: ________________________________________ Date Submitted:__________________

Program/Year:______________________________ Score:

Intergenerational Activities
(Insightful Reflections: Analyzing and Discussing Key Concepts)

Intergenerational responsibility is more than just a concept—it is a moral duty that ensures the well-
being of both present and future generations. As discussed in Herald Express, this responsibility urges
us to protect natural resources, uphold sustainable practices, and make decisions that will not burden
those who come after us. The environmental challenges we face today—deforestation, pollution, and
climate change are direct consequences of past actions, reminding us that our choices today will define
the world our children inherit.

The Herald Express article "Inter-generational Responsibility" by Ignacio E. D. (2017) highlights the
landmark Oposa v. Factoran case, where minors sued the Philippine government to protect their right
and that of future generations, to a balanced and healthy environment. The Supreme Court’s decision
set a precedent, affirming that environmental rights are not just for the present but for generations to
come. This case underscores the duty of both the government and citizens to safeguard natural
resources, reinforcing that neglecting the environment today leads to irreversible consequences for
the future.

"Intergenerational Responsibility in the 21st Century" expands this discussion beyond the
environment, touching on economic inequality, climate change, and policy making. Her work
emphasizes how wealth distribution, social stratification, and environmental degradation shape the
opportunities of future generations. Governments play a crucial role in crafting policies that balance
economic progress with sustainability, ensuring fairness across generations. It’s a reminder that
intergenerational responsibility isn’t just about nature, it’s about justice, fairness, and making sure no
generation is left with an unfair burden.

The video "Doctrine of Intergenerational Responsibility Made Simple" further simplifies the concept,
reinforcing the moral and legal duty to protect resources for future generations. It highlights the long-
term consequences of today’s decisions and the need for sustainable development that prioritizes both
economic growth and environmental protection. The core message is clear: what we do now will either
empower or endanger those who come after us.

At its heart, intergenerational responsibility is about leaving the world better than we found it.
Whether through law, policy, or personal action, each generation has a role to play in ensuring
sustainability, fairness, and justice. As Oposa v. Factoran and these discussions show, the future is
shaped by today’s choices. The question is will we act now to protect it, or will we force future
generations to fix what we failed to preserve?
A: Understanding Science and Scientific Revolution 10

GEE – 001: Environmental Science


Lecture 2: Environmental Jurisprudence

A: History of Environmental Laws

Key Question/s:
1. How have environmental laws evolved over time, and what impact have they had on
protecting the environment and human health?

- Environmental laws have evolved from basic conservation to tackling pollution, protecting
wildlife, and addressing global issues like climate change. Over time, they have helped reduce
air and water pollution, restore ecosystems, and promote sustainability. These laws have led
to cleaner air, safer drinking water, and healthier communities by limiting harmful emissions
and protecting natural resources. They’ve also driven innovation in renewable energy and
waste management. As a result, they have significantly reduced disease rates linked to
pollution, helped mitigate climate change, and preserved biodiversity, ultimately creating a
safer and more sustainable world for future generations.

Timeline of Environmental Law History


The Evolution of Environmental Laws and Policies in the Philippines

1970s: Foundations of Environmental Policies


• 1977 – Presidential Decree No. 1151 (Philippine Environmental Policy)
o Description: Declared the national policy for environmental protection and required
Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) for projects.
o Significance: Laid the foundation for sustainable development and environmental
regulations.
• 1977 – Presidential Decree No. 1152 (Philippine Environmental Code)
o Description: Established guidelines on air and water quality, land use, waste management,
and natural resources conservation.
o Significance: Provided a comprehensive legal framework for environmental protection.
1980s: Strengthening Environmental Governance
• 1987 – Executive Order No. 192
o Description: Reorganized the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to
oversee environmental management and protection.
o Significance: Strengthened environmental governance and policy implementation.
1990s: Addressing Resource Management and Sustainability
• 1992 – Republic Act No. 7586 (National Integrated Protected Areas System Act or NIPAS Act)
o Description: Established a system for designating and managing protected areas, including
national parks and marine sanctuaries.
o Significance: Helped conserve biodiversity and protected ecologically significant sites.
• 1995 – Republic Act No. 7942 (Philippine Mining Act)
o Description: Regulated mining operations, allowing large-scale mining while enforcing
environmental safeguards.
o Significance: Encouraged investment in mining but also raised environmental concerns.

Self Check

On a scale of 1 to 5 (5 as the highest) check the


appropriate number that corresponds to your 1 2 3 4 5
understanding of the following:
History of Environmental Science in the Philippines
11

• 1997 – Republic Act No. 8749 (Clean Air Act)


o Description: Regulated air pollution by setting emission standards, banning incineration,
and promoting cleaner energy sources.
o Significance: Reduced air pollution and improved public health.
2000s: Climate Action and Waste Management
• 2001 – Republic Act No. 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act)
o Description: Required waste segregation, recycling programs, and proper waste disposal.
o Significance: Aimed to reduce landfill waste and promote sustainable waste management.
• 2004 – Republic Act No. 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act)
o Description: Established regulations for wastewater management, water pollution control,
and the protection of water bodies.
o Significance: Helped maintain water quality and prevent pollution.
• 2009 – Republic Act No. 9729 (Climate Change Act)
o Description: Created the Climate Change Commission to develop policies for climate change
adaptation and mitigation.
o Significance: Strengthened the country’s climate resilience and response.
2010s–Present: Global Commitments and Sustainable Development
• 2013 – Republic Act No. 10174 (People’s Survival Fund Act)
o Description: Established a funding mechanism for climate adaptation projects, especially for
vulnerable communities.
o Significance: Provided financial support for climate resilience efforts.
• 2016 – Philippines Ratified the Paris Agreement
o Description: Committed to reducing carbon emissions and adopting sustainable
environmental practices.
o Significance: Strengthened the country's role in global climate action.
• 2018 – Republic Act No. 11038 (Expanded National Integrated Protected Areas System Act or
ENIPAS Act)
o Description: Expanded the number of protected areas across the country.
o Significance: Enhanced conservation efforts for forests, marine ecosystems, and
biodiversity.
• 2020 – Local Bans on Single-Use Plastics
o Description: Several local government units (LGUs) implemented ordinances banning
single-use plastics to reduce plastic pollution.
o Significance: Aimed to minimize waste and promote eco-friendly alternatives.
o

B: The Environmental Laws of the Philippines

A. Identify at least ten (10) Environmental Laws of the Philippines. Write your answer on the
space provided below.

Environmental Law Description


(R.A. 0001)
12
13

Self Check

On a scale of 1 to 5 (5 as the highest) check the


appropriate number that corresponds to your 1 2 3 4 5
understanding of the following:
Philippine Environmental Laws

The Quality Sage


On a scale of 1 to 5 (5 as the highest) check the
appropriate number that corresponds to how you will
rate the answers for the questions and activities of this 1 2 3 4 5
lesson, based on the following criteria.
Thoroughness
Effectiveness
Quality

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