EXPERIMENT N x Same as very OY] pare Bl rt bat manual (Black colowied heady) ATERIMS REQUIRED:: Given on the next page CHEMICALS REQUIRED 2 Willen en me next page Blue litmus. Red litmus 7 solution solution x i Set up fon Utvous test ot Hee i : Blue flame Narrow jet tube Cork Zinc granules Achom ot HA om 20 metal || : | | NAME re ae Zeb F ™ [MATERIALS REQUI@ED: | Eft hatimen flask, tect tuber , thistte fmnel, glass tube, Guncoabunnse | | eM VIRED* | ___Dibde hydnochlonie acid , diDute sodioen yadooxide but Citrus soluhon, wed. Lrtmur ciiutien , gine waetol priaaules oh pow I ; ey powsderte d we 4 phic paued time waten, dischilied + THEORY avd bars, “ay atid "¢ » Substanre whuch : oi decayed i oil and A bose, firuw's aes OH tom when _di'csolved in_waten Hydnochlowi. awd HU (az) HCL (ag) ———> H" (ag) + UW (og) Propenhita of bydino dala we ace | “HG ts an acid ond tuna bhate Otonus neds ‘Teacher's Signature:———= passing of liberated gas fthwough the freshly prepared lime water Reach of HU with Na, CO; Reactions of HO [EXPERIMENT [__2BSERVAT!ONS TNF ERE cit Test [On test tube), the HUW solchou is colour of Hee muxtoe acidic sts Hed lan test tube (2), rhe colour) Acids donot cha of the mixtore Hemens ned the coloun of ned oe ee Lttmus solution Reaction with | A gas is evolved which | The Zn metal | but with a blur flame Jand produces a Poppy { | |_ sound _ Reaction with |A gas 's evolved at a Na, co, on evolved s hydnegen Vie gas evolved brusk nate which twos 60, ‘Lime water milky i S { ——————— TTrr | wae: Es eam — - — [a a zine mets 40 foren_2tre— | + HCL Hradts wn'th TT Titutenide end tydnogin ig Zn + DHUl —~» Zn, 4 H, oe syle lang a 7 [stick iS brow nea _the mouth ef. tet tubs Lurleesing Hy gaa, it dunes with o alan oe [+ HU eects uta sodionn— ~ canban ake. e. pe ia 10g |] tes BN ——> 2Nau + Ho + (21 as) When, CD, gaat ined gong -—foesily pagan rs ee ee he Eine a wn mailing prt wahOn ong ame athe ht the. —_teaouth of. test tube nelendts ~ C0, gab _y. thun Pburiieg match — ai SOS ees | __ Properties of "Sods‘urn. Hydroxide. Nadel. La ois 5 streng—ablen pad _tenna red Uta solution bhae- 2 ee 4REsucTs AnO concivsjoN _ oH tow ble Ulms HEF but does vrot affect ned Ubnus 2- HO Uberates hydrogen en sea chivg wl achiyh metal such ay zinc- ZHU yeacds wrth pla, CO, te Cverate co, Hepee, HCL (Hyde cdtervc ood) fs acidic in nechisee « Blue litmus Red litmus solution solution Set Up fon NaOH in Litmus Test Blue flame Narrow jet tube Cork fos Clamp ‘NaOH solution Zinc granules Achim tf NeOH on 20 metalNAME: Page Na. ; at te_sa = | of ab >oonnual OY gina En a ht [peecavnas a2 -——Glten_on_py mo. By , 25 ce one ioe. |__soveces_of Egeok. tea _in_p. are | dob aoeay Reathm™m of NadH eee Sie Nae EXPERIMENT| OBSERVATIONS A _IWEERUNCES | [9n test be D), the colour Gases donot up | ot re mctwie stemamns |e celowr tae | blue jblue Utmvs sobutity, \9n test eabe @), the colowt! NaOH soluchon i of the mixtne tw blue! baste [ofthe mvirtoie tons b= | A gas isevolved with |The ya evolved Utmus Test Rea chon uth Za metal bus with a bluc flame js hrydoveg en. and products 9 poppi4 | | sound Raa RP wat | No door eas oe J Na, C05 No signs rf chemical neaction Mao vill each » RESULTS AND concLvsioN I NaOH urn red Btmus to ble bur blue Utmus 15 not a fected 2° NooH Liberate hydrogen on peacting with actve metal svch as zine 3 No0H doe not Heart with Na, CO, Hence, NaOH (Sodium hydrexide) Is baste in noheeEXPERIMENT NO. 2 ALM: To observe the acho of water oat Ome andl aay fe type Of pene MATERIALS REQUIRED: Given on 0g A ef Lb manval CHEMICAL REACTION © GO(e+ H,0(t) —> Calor), (os) Heat Water A Calcium s oxide Forunah™ of slated lime “4 fee yuac of colctum oxide wrth welder: A ‘Test tube containing lime water fin berg exhaled into Gme waterP pt. | NAME: ex NO: a | — | | MATE if ythe se ok “nesta _——— | Gian ony mv 41a} ob _manenb: [THEORY - | ___bhen cabuiven oxide se. xed in_ weer, [aL_ditsolws and fonmscaleiuna. h pore nide. at! is basic in_wetwie) [ca ts) “eto. (0 — Calon), log) + Heat aie tine steed LV \ Ht 7 Stoked time is formed _b canabining te | neactowte ie: a guick Vine and water Therefore, | when twp ot mone -tham two “sulostancee cambine Lo _give_a_single. _pnoduct_,. Hate tewned ag oxobinahon sea chon. piace |__Dunimg thus_teachanny. a Cot 2} freect 1 | Bibenated “and therefore itis cabled hE Same _ob f a ne qt st “tab Cab anvil \ eo eeeee eee Pee 7 |Exeeriment | OBSERVATIONS "INFERENCES [Mixhwre in Some bubbles ane seen in |Heat evolved beaker lithe tipi and Hoe hissing) converted Some sound ts head the moment water tate water Comes in contact wath | steam cad. \ | The beaker 1s vet het The neachon is | i" highty exothern ne Passing exhaled) Lime water twins heads ain thre wgh wily with CO, 2 Solution | Cold, AKA he | Leen t soboch | te RESULT AND CONCLUSION; Fnom the above txpoumerts we can con thot mes weachom ocewtd betwern Calcium one (Quik Une) and weter combine to product singe id slaked Une ( cal0h),) % combined wuachin ob Ww oA an eae Meuchon -LINEERENceg — Name: ~aneeee “Pa IL yf Bee intl St te Taacrere Signa oe,Jowevs [CHEMICAL AIM Te ebsewe dhe achon rf heat on ettystals of sulpuste and classrfy the pe Y Hea chin, PMATERIPLS REQUIRED 2 Given ov py 20° FY of. Cab anv REACTION : 2FeS0y-1H,0 “2S Fe, 03 + S%* 5037 14420 i‘. [o.griams ane ev pene q2 of dab manual Heatvy Forno ws Sulfate ohy lecreament | oesekvaTioNs | aN Heating The crystals lose thon green (Heo o eves — |colowr and fore a white af waten Sulphate powdeng Substance and ys te pouiden crystals dunonphous FeSO, is, produced On farther heating a nedlnsh- — FeSOy decomposes | brown substan “is Left behind to form neddish- ia the test tube jbrewn Fe, Oz The chnractuushe odowr of SO, One of Hoe gases Is Swelt evolved is 50,XPT. —_ Page on “TVs ath tom _crupStels ee it d puch’ TT NATERIAC Dito ee i r fab manyol __ | mueory Fesno vs subbhae cruyctols ane fesous __| sul hrote oh _do la, £¢ Oy To “nd axe fiten in _cofoun » _— | ___0a heat 4 Poses seven wetter mole cu e4 to_fonion_anhy dnovs G€nem clean [orl © A colour —|_Lemrows sulbmate when heeled is decomposed +o Qn dis fuachon, one substan FeSO, (ferrows ubplede) cpbits iato thitee substances Fe, 05 5 50, and $0, dutta heat Thenehra, Hat _|peathm is called decomposition sua chon on also known os thounel _decomposrhoy__seachon hudnote Jer us sulphate (FeSO,) which is urhite th colown £eSO0,: TH,0 ae FeSO, (s) + 14,0 = fowve oxide, culbhun drioxide and culbhun diovide }FeSOyls) => _Fe,D,l) + 50, (9) + 50,[9) —@) Wwhu'te brown colourless colourless: = col ow? colon. cr | NAME: AL eas So—— a pSESULT Ano CONCLUSION 4 Heme we can conde thet He ruaclion ccewrd en heatrny ftovnous sulphate crystals & fae neachem wtvch aes to | preduce Fe, 0 2, , SO, ond SO, Since Hots decor pos tien ae 1s ‘ceouvied out 4 heating it ts abo known as a thermal decomposihim seachexer. | NAME: Page No. nO. T ml be fan combine yeachons O aunt (2) and wwe ZFtSO., + TH,O(s) =) fe 0,3) #52, (a) +80, (9) + Lui, 0 Gy) PROCEDURE * Aven oy fg Ho. 4y ef . bab manurl OBSERVATIONS Given fap no 94 ft bb manuak IN-ERENCE Given oa 99 no. Q4 of bob men PRECAUTIONS Given pp no. 95 of bob manure ae Teacher's Signatute:2 AIN: To s the seachon of an onnusted iho neil wih agucos fpper sulphrede solution nd clammy the tybe| AATERIALS REQUIRED” Girne eg tt 17 Eft onan CHEMICAL REACTION : Fels) + Cv 80, Ug) —> £2504 Log) * Coty) | Diagrams Given 8" Fano. 95 of bb [ manual Reackon a} Jno nails urdh CySO, sobiion, ExPERIMENT | O@SERVATIONS | INFERENCES |: Reachin of |The Surface of te nen nell The sunfoce of ta [ ine nels immersed in Hu CuSO, {iron nerd gets over with cus, |selation is coated with uml ting partes Seluhm neddi'sh —bnown metallbe |oF Ge metal of reddy parhiles. | brown colour after bung immorred iin thh C504 sobshm . Coloun of Hat sotvbon in the Me blue colour of test tebe wih th thon |r CuSOy soluhon | neil on it is pale gneen|clowly chemes to th colenn la green coloured [ ; ob shen f FeSOy | SSS Tot mone Hache aber Hye melo aced ete ines When (Hon nals ase ad in_ CuSO, no dsplac en CuSO, culbbote © The non pay'l a depos ber with | brownish wed substance. of co, Fels) + CvSOy (ag) 35 EL & Cu) |__Aletallic inna “diiplaces copia ta (on) | dnova tts alt 5 an cxsunple Fi 2 ney ts . ib sisserateat tuachon' Metallic iron 1s converted nty Ponsiovg [yon the cupmic tonlCu2*) esuvented 4p woactobbic psn Fe(s) + Gt (a3) —— Ee* ¥ (ag) a fuls) PROCEOORE | Giver_en_py wa 97 4 fob monval OBSERVATIONS | Givein on _pt.no-97 of tet raanwsal Evershine eer JUS( RESULT AND CONCLUSION i] Hea. we coy couclide thet me seachey occured whey prem nal was dipped in the (430, [setuhem fon 1S winvtes , the color cf changes bb grten and brownish red copper wacked is the solace} deposited om the nal: Therefore this ig a asplaemient reactioni wiewill eaher Sgnttnmc =) AIN: To shudy ae reaction between sodvone sulphate and bavum chloride solutions and classify he Han csi MATERIALS REQURED > Given om pyine: 90 of Col want CHEMICAL REACT No, $0, + Ball, —? BeSOy + 2NaCh (colourless) (colourless) | Glass rod | | Na,SO,solution JDates 4 ————— ‘ 1 Page No. i TM tudy! a : > , loud iu fe pee Tay; c ache = NTERIN(S REQUIRED’ Given ; Ses (a pan \THEORY. [ Reachows aeeunt in the sebshon by ere «i When +we solute st sedition pied dbaruum glackmant | See eee , Sulpnate. lous nom Hae OQ. ars eed cy cablendle Toot aden tla of —|the solution rf GBoCl, ane displace ate ips + =| EDULE: 5 _ne- 10 of bab manent JOCSERVATION | __on pa. no. |00 * -ExrekimenT| oBSeRVATIONS INFERENCES Reach'm When ove selstoor 15 added to| The Pea chen 15 instant between the other, instantly a vtte in wl ot least ene Na,SOy — precipitate forums ‘m the Leg [Ihe preedncls 15 a ws and * tube |ingoluble subsfonee Ba chy When Ledt undisturbed, the |Jnsoluble heovier precipitate settles down al the poricls cau foron solhen abue the sediment sedmments | is colourless | ann! RESULT AND conc LusioNn Henee we wn conelude that he Seerchon ocewud om mixing the solhions af Gatl, and white precpttate compound Na, SOy produtt 9 by ex chap? Hun ios: Ths Mrechin ts Known Ow a double dis placement yuachon:oe "AIM: Given on pg ner 103 (Heady) ef lab mana | MATERIALS REQUIRED! Geer OF 'E ALY mang BEBE ZnSO, FeSO, cuso, AI,(SO,), Blue Colourless Light green Colourless OBSERVATIONS : Given on pg-no- 106 fb bbe manvel (Make complte table giver Peno. 106 and 107 of fob manual ) CONCLUSIONS ; Given on paeno: 107 of ele manvebrT M . ve! oe a Teele rnEORY. |_ a mem pg me- (03 of lab manual Gass 1 7 REQUIRED ON _pa.mo- lob Different metols have different reactivities with chemicol reagent The metals form positive ions by losing electrons more readily. A more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from salt solution. Such reactions are called displacement reactions. Consider an example, if a small amount of zinc is dipped In copper sulphate solution, zine Is displaced from copper sulphate, The blue colour of copper sulphate fades ond colourless zinc sulphate solution is obtained. Therefore, zinc is more reactive than copper. * Aluminium has the ability to displace zinc, Iron, copper from their respective salt solutions and therefore is more reactive than them. Reactions: 2Ai(s) + 32nSO4(aq) -— Ala(SOz)3 + 32n(s) ‘2al(s) + 3FeSOa(aq) -— Alo(SOz)s + SFe(s) 2al(s) + 3CuSO,(aq) —* Ala(SO-); + 3Cu(s) * Zinc has the ability to displace iron, copper from thelr respective salt solutions and therefore Is more reactive than them. Reactions: 2n(s) + CuSO4(aq) —» ZnSO, (aq) + Cu(s) Zn(s) + FeSO4(aq) + ZnS0s (aq) 4 Fe(s) Zn(s) + Alo(SO«)s(aq) — no reaction In(s) + ZnSO4(aq) + no reaction * ifon has the ability to displace copper from Its salt solution ‘and therefore is more reactive when compared to Cu, Reactions: Fe(s) + CuSCa(aq) -— FeSOx (aq) + Cu(s) Fe(s) + FeS0,(0q) ~-* no reaction Fe(s) + Ala(SOa)s(aq) no reaction Fe(s) + ZnSO4(aq) - no reaction No reaction occurs when any of the metals from zine, iron, aluminium, and copper are placed In aqueous solution of Alz(SO«)2, ‘Theretore, from the above, we can conclude the reactivity of elements in the following order ~ * Aluminium is more reactive than zine. * Zinc Is more reactive than Fe. * Fe is more reactive than Cu. Hence, Aluminium is the most reactive and Copper being the least ive metal> a ei ee (foe Gite te pane 106 ef tab manval = pee |, ee ‘ ro. no. 106 ah Wb wana pgs eu OnE _Guien on pane. Jo6 of (ab manual [cprsceuS 0S. Given Pa f9.00. 197 of Cab rranvad eel a i tle tab manvol (pegen TIONS _Gisen on pave 107 cf ob enenval —ent Ne. 3 of bey Manvel ven on an NS of Cab aval EXPERIM AIM : Given m pane MATERIALS REQURER ! G if a OBSERVATIONS fe] 52 Gaitiad Long] Length of | rival tg rho} oduct xf ‘soap! am ul sod ain Solution om |predunced om | softer em lyn dtl wan fC {-———S neh ds w | | | ote water, in tot }0 em | Tom Ce tube A) nea a a With wall water | 25) (yond weker in beck [Om Um @ um tube B | 8 : Dish wade wth SP eats (vey tard [O om [5am | 9-5 em _ [water mids tube) —_ CLEANING CAPABILITY OF SOAP SOLUTION! I. On Rubbing the ink Spot on the cloth in soup solution A has almost disappeared 2. On nubbing , the wk spot on the cloth 1m soap solution 8 panti disappeaned 3. On hubbini y thow is no change in the clout of the ink spot om the piece at cloth dipped in soap solution C and some scum has been deposit on the sunface ct the cloth ronSame a Wen on 4 no. 113. ot lob. ero | ee ail Giver_om. py me: [5 df tab conn Pai oh a “i Soap. asthe ‘potassium. om _sodiven_taft of. oie “p chain —canborg bic actds The basic strentute | a 9 taal! —hydnsphobre. —hydnecanbon— ae (ait) ond _ heleapaitie. anionic ond (head) — tea —wetor_ome dinmed which ate “I spies! ‘cal scouctunes with pole pesrts of the a cule onthe _sunfece and_nanz peer pets. ja_the center ____ - ams “ aber =e cs _water whch “has...ne- galt, jo ki aes soft water When soap is used fin 50pm Hweter rt general es foam whch 1s a property ond Henanves dint passbles cleans ing— — jhe clothes. Thenefore, thus evelerr £5 suptable. fon wos buy wo cite | Hand __ wlacbert = ~The _.wader whith. “has _di'sselued “alle such. as Cod crown. ee nesta. tn the called bord ator. when soap “1s used tn hand. water, the. —. nee 7 sand My2* ions present tn hand weten meat. with soap The Sedsum salts om A SOUPS meno ane converted te. thy conespe edeeg caletum.. and mag nestunn salts wich ake preciptlated — hes (R ot Ge) + 2RC00 Na (a9) —) (gcoo) My (+. ZN (a9) po if i \ Magnesivm salt —— | pRoce nike Given_on fore 15. of ab onal 7 [OBSERVATIONS | Given _on_py-ne- 16 of Gb manvah “Teoncev sions | aca a no. Il of dab roped AA PRECAUTIONS | Given om pao: 3 af eb ne