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Pharm-Antibiotics Affecting The Bacteria Cell Wall Cephalosporins-RN-1

Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics that are bactericidal and effective against various infections, including urinary tract and bone infections. They are administered via IM or IV due to poor GI absorption and may cause allergic reactions, particularly in those with penicillin allergies. Side effects include bleeding and thrombophlebitis, and nursing interventions include monitoring intake and output and advising against alcohol consumption.

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Somie Jr. Sanchez
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18 views10 pages

Pharm-Antibiotics Affecting The Bacteria Cell Wall Cephalosporins-RN-1

Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics that are bactericidal and effective against various infections, including urinary tract and bone infections. They are administered via IM or IV due to poor GI absorption and may cause allergic reactions, particularly in those with penicillin allergies. Side effects include bleeding and thrombophlebitis, and nursing interventions include monitoring intake and output and advising against alcohol consumption.

Uploaded by

Somie Jr. Sanchez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Antibiotics Affecting the

Bacteria Cell Wall


Cephalosporins
1
© 2019 Assessment Technologies Institute®, LLC
Generations of Cephalosporins

•
Select prototype medication: Cephalexin – first generation
• Second generation: Cefaclor, cefotetan
• Third generation: Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefoperazone
• Fourth generation: Cefepime

• Approximately 10% of all people allergic to penicillin can be allergic to


cephalosporins.

2
Pharmacological Action

• These drugs are bactericidal with actions similar to penicillin.

• Cephalosporins are beta-lactam antibiotics that destroy bacterial cell


walls, causing destruction of micro-organisms.

3
Therapeutic Uses

• Urinary tract infections


• Postoperative infections
• Pelvic infections
• Meningitis
• Ear infections
• Bone and joint infections

4
Administration

• Many of these drugs cannot be absorbed from the GI tract and must be
administered IM or IV.

5
Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

• These drugs are usually well-tolerated and constitute one of the safest
groups of antimicrobial drugs.

• Allergic reactions
– Possible cross sensitivity to penicillin
• Bleeding
• Thrombophlebitis with IV infusion
• Pain at site of IM injection

6
Cephalosporins

• Drug Interactions
• Probenecid – delays renal excretion
• Alcohol – Cefotetan and cefazolin cause intolerance to alcohol
• Nursing Interventions
• I&O
• Instruct the client not to consume alcohol

7
Cephalosporins

• Instruct the client to take oral medication with food.


• Instruct the client to take full course of medication.
• Oral preparations should be stored in refrigerator.
• Administer IM injections deep in a large muscle.
• IV administration are bolus and should be pushed slowly over 3-5
minutes.

8
Learning Activity Review Questions

1. How would a nurse instruct a client who has been prescribed a


cephalosporin for a urinary tract infection?

2. A nurse is caring for a client with a bone infection and the health care
provider has prescribed ceftriazxone. How should this drug be
administered?

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