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Ex-9 Reciprocating Pump

The document outlines the theory and operation of reciprocating pumps, which convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through positive displacement. It details the construction styles, definitions of static head, suction head, and delivery head, as well as operating instructions for conducting an experiment with the pump. The document also includes sections for observations, calculations, and a conclusion regarding the pump's efficiency.

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13 views

Ex-9 Reciprocating Pump

The document outlines the theory and operation of reciprocating pumps, which convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through positive displacement. It details the construction styles, definitions of static head, suction head, and delivery head, as well as operating instructions for conducting an experiment with the pump. The document also includes sections for observations, calculations, and a conclusion regarding the pump's efficiency.

Uploaded by

saabiqkhan2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No:- 7 Date:-

RECIPROCATING PUMP

THEORY

RECIPROCATING PUMP

The hydraulic machine which converts the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy
called Pump. The hydraulic energy is in the form of pressure energy.
Positive-displacement pumps are another category of pumps. Types of positive
Displacement pumps are reciprocating, metering, and rotary pumps. Positive
Displacement pumps operate by forcing a fixed volume of fluid from the inlet pressure
Section of the pump into the discharge zone of the pump. These pumps generally tend to
be larger than equal-capacity dynamic pumps. Positive-displacement pumps frequently
are used in hydraulic systems at pressures ranging up to 5000 psi. A principal advantage
Of hydraulic power is the high power density (power per unit weight) that can c
Achieved. They also provide a fixed displacement per Revolution and, within mechanical
Limitations, infinite pressure to move fluids.

In a reciprocating pump, a volume of liquid is drawn into the cylinder the action valve on
the intake stroke and is discharged under positive pressure through the outlet valve the
discharge stroke. The discharge from a reciprocating pump is the pump is changed. This
is because the intake is always constant . Often an air chamber is connected on the
discharge side of the pump to provide more even flow by evening out the pressure surges.
Reciprocating pumps are often used or for sludge and slurry
One construction style of a reciprocating pump is the direct-acting pump these Consist of
a steam cylinder end in line with a liquid cylinder end, with a straight rod connection
Between the steam piston and the pump piston or plunger. These pistons are double
acting which Means that each side pumps on every stroke.
Another construction style is the power pump which converts rotary motion to low speed
Reciprocating motion using a speed reducing gear. The power pump can be either single
or Double acting. A single-acting design discharges liquid only on one side of the piston
or plunger Only one suction and one discharge stroke per revolution of the crankshaft can
occurred the Double-acting design takes suction and discharges on both sides of the
piston result in two Suctions and discharges per crankshaft revolution. Power pumps are
generally very efficiency and Can develop high pressures. These pumps do however tend
to be expensive.

DEFINITIONS

❖ STATIC HEAD (Hst):- is the difference between the liquid levels in sump and high level
reservoir is called the static head or static lift and is represented by ‘h' can be divided
into two parts-

❖ SUCTION HEAD (hs) is the height of liquid level in the sump tank.
❖ DELIVERY HEAD (hd) is the height of liquid level in the high level reservoir measured
from the centre line of pump

Thus
Hst= hs+hd
Operating Instructions

1. Following steps are required to be followed and ensured, before connecting


Supply main to experimental set up.
a. Ensure that all mounted parts like energy meter, Pump, Tanks, Pressure
Gauge, etc.
b. Ensure that belt is fitted with appropriate belt Tensioning.
c. Ensure that pump is well primed.
d. Ensure that pump outlet is diverted to main sump tank.
e. Ensure that pressure gauge are showing proper zero reading.
2. Connect 440V A.C. main 50Hz supply along with good Earthing to the starter or
setup.
3. Run the pump with DOL starter in ON condition. And now one can see that some
stable flow is appearing.
4. Just once again ensure all the steps given above are followed.
5. Slowly close Throttle Valve to some extent so that Pressure on Pump increases.
6. Now keep drain of measuring tank closed and collect pump outlet in measuring
tank w.r.t. provided stop clock and verify the actual flow collection, which is
taking place.
7. At various opening of Throttle Valve repeat step (5) and (6) to note various
readings.
8. With DOL Starter off condition, one can select different speed using provided
arrangement.
9. Now again at various opening of Throttle Valve repeat step (5) and (6) to note
various readings.
10. After completion of reading set, please get the set up to initial. In off condition.
11. Note down the readings as per the given Observation sheet.
12. After completion of Experiment isolate main supply etc and remove water from
tanks.
13. Please keep entire set up in safe and dry place.

OBSERVATION
Pump Speed (RPM)=

Energy Meter Pulses to Count for 10sec =

Energy Meter Constant (Pulses/KWH): 3200 pulse/sec

Static Height Difference (Mtrs): Suction & Discharge Pipe / Gauge)=

Measuring Tank Dimensions: (L)*(W)*(H) m3.

Output Flow Suction Pressure Discharge Energy Meter


Pressure
(Q) (kg /cm2) Reading
2
(kg /cm )
m3/s
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Calculation
1.Output power = (ζ*Q*g*H)/1000 KW

2. Input Power = (impulse / time)*(3600/energy meter constant = 3200 KWH)

3. Efficiency = Output power/ Input power

Sample calculation
GRAPHS

Graph of discharge pressure v/s output flow

Flow

Conclusion
Reciprocating pump studied and the efficiency of the pump is found out to be ___ %

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