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The document outlines a procedure for conducting a load test on a single-phase capacitor start induction motor, detailing the necessary apparatus and circuit connections. It explains the motor's operation, including its dual winding system and the role of the centrifugal switch in transitioning from starting to running mode. The aim of the experiment is to plot characteristics such as efficiency, slip, and power factor against output.

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rampratap
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12 views

gs4

The document outlines a procedure for conducting a load test on a single-phase capacitor start induction motor, detailing the necessary apparatus and circuit connections. It explains the motor's operation, including its dual winding system and the role of the centrifugal switch in transitioning from starting to running mode. The aim of the experiment is to plot characteristics such as efficiency, slip, and power factor against output.

Uploaded by

rampratap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Input Input Input Spring Balance Speed Torqu Output % % Slip Po

Voltage Curren Power Reading N e P=T(2 Efficiency (Ns Fa


V t P RPM T=(51 (P2/Pi)x N)/NS
(Volts) (Watts S1 S2 S1 TN)/60 100 X100 P
(Amp) ) (Kg (Kg S2 S2)xR (Watts
) (Kg) x9.81
(Nm)

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

300V,10A
0-104 UPF
MI

R1

230V,
50Hz (V) NI
AC SUPPLY
0-300V
Re

230V/C0-270V)
18 Auto transfFormer

MODEL GRAPH:
In the case of split phase or capacitor start type, the motor is temporarily
converted to a 2 phase motor at starting and while running, it acts as a single
phase motor.
The motor is provided with two windings, namely the main winding M and
starting winding S, both wound with same number of poles. The motor is
provided with a cage rotor. The starting winding is in series with a capacitor and
a centrifugal switch, which remains closed when the rotor speed is zero. Both
windings are connected in parallel across single phase supply. The current
through the main winding lags behind the voltage, where as the current through
the starting winding leads the voltage due to capacitance. The time phase angle
between Im and Is is 90 degrees.Thus the main and starting windings are
energised by two different currents having almost 90 degrees as phase
difference .As the speed reaches about 75% of the normal val ue, due to
centrifugal action, the centrifugal switch that is mounted on the shaft opens,
disconnectingthe starting winding and capacitor. Thereafter, the motor operates
as a true single phase induction motor. The speed of the motor reaches a stable
value, for which the net torque developed by the motor is equal to the total
torque demand.

PROCEDURE:

1. Make the connections as shown in the circuit diagram.


2. Check all meters for zero error and note down the wattmeter
multiplication factor.
3. Keep the VARIAC at zero output voltage position.
4. Switch on the supply and run the motor on no load by slowly increasing
the voltage to rated value.
5. Note down the no-load readings of ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter,
tachometer and spring balance
6. Load the motor in steps until the motor takes the rated current.

7. At each step record the spring balance readings, readings of all meters
and the speed.

8. Release the load, bring the VARIAC to zero output voltage and switch off
the supply.
Observations

Radius of the brake drum: R=


Multiplication Factor for wattmeter=
Thickness of the belt :t = m

Effective Radius R' = R + t/2 =


EXPERIMENT No. : DATE:

LOAD TEST ON SINGLE-PHASE CAPACITOR START INDUCTION


MOTOR

AIM:

To conduct the load test on the given motor and to plot the following
characteristics.

(i) Efficiency Vs Output


(ii) slip Vs Output

(iii) Power factor Vs Output

APPARATUS REQUIRED :
Serial Item Range and Type Quantity
No.
1 Voltmeter 0-300V (MI)
2 Ammeter 0-10A(MI)
3 Wattmeter 300V 10A, UPF
4 Tachometer 0-10000 RPM(Digital)
5 Single phase variac 250V,8A

THEORY:

Single phase induction motors are widely used in domestic as well as in industrial
applications. The main drawback ofa single phase induction motor is that it does
not have a starting torque. When a single phase winding, provided on the stator
of a single-phase motor, is energised from a single phase supply, it produces a
pulsating flux in one axis. The pulsating flux can be considered equivalent to two
magnetic fields, each having a value half the peak value of pulsating field, but
rotating in opposite directions. Each of these will act independently on the motor,
inducing on rotor conductors, their own currents and resulting torques in either
direction, namely in forward and backward directions. At starting, when the
forward slip is one, these two torques are equal and cancel each other. Thus
,single phase motors are not self starting.
Depending on the methods adopted to impart starting torque, these motors are
classified. Resistance split-phase, capacitor start and capacitor run with single or
two value capacitor, shaded pole or repulsion start are different types of
induction motors.

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