Department of Economics

Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009(T.S)

B.A. (Economics) Syllabus

Choice Based Credit System - w.e.f. 2019-20
DSC/GE/ Paper Title of the paper Credits PPW
Year

Semester
DSE/SEC (Periods
per
Week)
I DSC*101 Paper - I Micro Economics 5 6
AECC*** AECC Environmental Science/ Basic 2 2
Computer Skills
I II DSC*201 Paper - II Macro Economics 5 6

AECC AECC Environmental Science/ Basic 2 2

Computer Skills
III DSC-301 Paper - III Statistics for Economics 5 6

SEC-1 SEC-I Basic Computer Applications in 2 2

Economics
II
SEC-2 SEC-II Economics of Rural 2 2
Development
IV DSC*401 Paper - IV Indian Economy 5 6
SEC-3 SEC-III Data Analysis 2 2
SEC-4 SEC-IV Entrepreneurship and 2 2
Development
V GE** Paper - I Telangana Economy 4 4

DSE*501 Elective - A Agricultural Economics 5 5

DSE*501 Elective - B Public Economics 5 5
DSE*501 Elective - C Economics of Environment 5 5
DSE*501 Elective - D Economics of Social Sector 5 5
III
VI DSE*601 Paper - A International Economics 5 5
DSE*601 Paper - B Development Economics 5 5
DSE*601 Paper - C Industrial Economics 5 5
DSE*601 Paper - D Demography 5 5
Project/ Project/ Financial Economics 4 4
Optional optional

*DSC(DisciplineSpecificCourse),SEC(SkillEnhancementCourse)&DSE(Discipline
Specific Elective)for Students of Economics.(PW) Per week.

**GE(Generic Elective)or Inter-Disciplinary Course for Students of Social Sciences

other than Economics.

*** AECC(Ability Enhancement Compulsory Course

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 1 of 19
 .

B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS

Semester - I
Discipline Specific Course
Paper (I) MICRO ECONOMICS

Module-I: Consumer Behaviour:

Cardinal Approach to Utility Analysis - Ordinal utility Analysis - Properties of Indifference curves -
concept of budget line - equilibrium of consumer - price consumption curve - income consumption
curve - derivation of demand curve with the help of Indifference Curves’ Analysis - Concepts of
price - income and substitution effects.

Module-II Production Analysis

Concept of Production Function - Linear and homogeneous production function - Short run and long
run production function – Law of Variable Proportions - Laws of Returns to Scale - Properties of iso-
product curves - concept of factor price line - analysis of least cost input combination - concepts of
expansion path and economic region of production - Properties of Cobb-Douglas Production
Function.

Module-III: Cost and Revenue Analysis

Cost concepts: Accounting, real, opportunity, explicit costs - Total cost- total fixed cost - total
variable cost - average cost - average fixed cost - average variable cost - marginal cost and the
relationship between average and marginal cost - derivation of long run average cost curve -
Economies of scale: internal and external - Revenue concepts: total - average and marginal -
relationship between Average revenue & marginal revenue and price elasticity of demand.

Module--IV: Analysis of Market Structure:

Concepts & Classification of Markets –Basic Features of Perfect Competition - Monopoly-
Equilibrium of a monopolist – Concept of Price discrimination & degrees of price discrimination-
Monopolistic competition – characteristics - concepts of product differentiation and selling cost -
Equilibrium under Monopolistic competition – Oligopoly- characteristics of oligopoly – Prince and
output determination – Analysis of Kinked Demand Curve – Concept of Duopoly - Cournot’s
version of duopoly.

Module-V: Analysis of Business Firm and Profit

Characteristics of a business firm, objectives of business firm: profit maximization, sales revenue
maximization, market share maximization, growth maximization. Profit concepts: Accounting and
economic; break-even point and profit –volume analysis

References:
1. M L Seth : Micro Economics
2. M L Jhingoan: : Micro Economics
3. H L Ahuja: : Modern Micro Economics
4. Koutsainies; : Modern Micro Economics
5. Stonier and Hague : Micro Economics
6. Salvatore : Micro economics
7. Schaum Series : Micro economics
8. Pyndick : Micro economics
9. Gregory Mankiw : Principles of Micro Economics

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS
Page 2 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - II
Discipline Specific Course
Paper – II MACRO ECONOMICS

Module– I: Introduction
Macro Economics – Concept of Circular Flow of Incomes –National Income Analysis:
Concepts and Components – Methods of Measurement –Difficulties and Limitations in the
Estimation of National Income.
Module– II: Theories of Income and Employment
Classical Theory of Income and Employment - Keynesian Theory of Income and
Employment- Effective Demand – Consumption Function- Average Propensity to Consume
(APC) and Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) – Factors Determining Consumption
Function – Savings Function- Average Propensity to Save and Marginal Propensity to Save
– Concepts of Multiplier and Accelerator

Module– III: Investment & Theories of Interest Rate

Capital and Investment- Types of Investment- Determinants of Level of Investment –
Marginal Efficiency of Capital and Marginal Efficiency of Investment- Neo-Classical and
Keynesian Theories of Interest.
Module – IV: Supply of Money & Demand for Money
Functions and Classification of Money – Money Supply – Measures of Money Supply with
reference to India: M1, M2, M3 and M4 – Classical Theories of Money: Fisher’s and
Cambridge Versions of Quantity Theory of Money – Keynes’ Theory of Money and Prices.

Module– V: Inflation & Trade Cycles

Inflation: Concept, Types, Causes and Measurement – Effects of Inflation – Measures to
Control Inflation – Concepts of Phillips Curve, Deflation and Stagflation – Trade Cycles:
Concept, Causes and Phases of trade cycle.

Reference Books:

Ackley, G (1976) : Macro Economics: Theory and Policy, Macmillan, New York
Shapiro, E (1996) : Macro Economic Analysis, Galgotia Publications, New Delhi
Hansen A H (1953): A Guide to Keynes, McGraw Hill, New York
Keynes JM (1936) : The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money,
MC Vaish : Macro Economic Theory
HL Ahuja : Macro Economic Theory & Policy
Vanitha Agarwal : Macro Economic Theory & Policy, Pearson Education
HL Ahuja : Macro Economic Analysis
Gupta, SB : Monetary Economics: Institutions, Theory and Policy
M.L. Seth : Macro Economics, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra, 2006

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 3 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - III
Discipline Specific Course

Paper- III STATISTICS FOR ECONOMICS

Module– I: Introduction to Statistics

Meaning and Basic Concepts of Statistics – Population and Sample, Frequency Distribution,
Cumulative Frequency – Graphic and Diagrammatic Representation of Data –Types of Data:
Primary and Secondary Data –Methods of Collecting Data: Census and Sampling Methods
(Random, Non-random Sampling Methods)

Module– II: Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median, Mode, Geometric Mean and Harmonic Mean
– Properties of Good Average – Comparison of Different Averages –Measures of Dispersion
– Absolute and Relative Measures of Dispersion: Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean
Deviation, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation and Variance

Module– III: Correlation and Regression

Correlation: Meaning and Types – Karl Pearson's Correlation Co-efficient – Spearmen’s
Rank Correlation –Regression: Meaning and Uses of Regression.

Module– IV: Index Numbers

Meaning and Uses – Aspects and Difficulties in the Construction of Index Numbers - Types
of Index Numbers –Methods of Index Numbers - Laspayer, Paasche and Fisher.

Module– V: Analysis of Time Series

Meaning and Uses – Components of Time Series Analysis: Secular, Seasonal, Cyclical and
Irregular Variations – Methods of Measurement of Secular Trends: Graphic, Semi-Averages,
Moving Averages.

Reference Books:

Allen, RGD : Mathematical Analysis for Economists, Macmillan Press, London.

Bhardwaj RS : Mathematics for Economics and Business, Excel Books, New Delhi
Bose : Mathematics for Economics, Himalaya Publishing, New Delhi
Chiang, AC : Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics McGraw Hill,
New Delhi Nagar &Das:Basic Statistics
S.P. Gupta : Statistics
G.S. Mongha : Mathematics for Economists

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 4 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - III
Skill Enhancement Course-I

Paper – I

BASICS OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ECONOMICS

Module-I: Introduction of Computers

Definition - Evolution of Computer - Computer Generations - Micro Computers - Structure

of Computer - Uses of Computer - Basic Components of Computer - Central processing Unit
(CPU) Operating System – Window Operating System - Salient Features - Merits of
Windows Operating System - Accessories - System tools - Scan Disk - Word Pad - Note Pad
- Paint - Imagination - Windows Explorer - Ms- Word: Creating, Opening and saving files -
editing and formatting text - spell and grammar check - auto correct - creation of tables and
volumes.

Module – II Data Analysis using SPSS: Basics of Data Analysis – Data Entry in SPSS – Computing
with SPSS – Preparation of Graphs with SPSS – Distribution Functions and Density Functions –
Statistical Package handling and command description for SPSS – Reports, Descriptive – Statistics,
Compare Means, Time Series Analysis, Correlation and Regression Models.

References

1. Sinha, P.K. : Computer Fundamentals, BPB Publications, New Delhi.

2. Raja Raman.V. : Fundamentals of Computers, PHI, New Delhi.
3. Kerns : Essentials of Microsoft Windows, Word and Excel, PHI.
4. Alexis Leon &
Mathews Leon : Introduction to Computers with Ms-Office, TMH.
5. Asthana &
Braj Bhushan : Statistics for Social Sciences (with SPSS applications), PHI.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 5 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - III
Skill Enhancement Course-I

Paper – II ECONOMICS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Module-I Aspects of Rural Development

Concept of Rural Development, Rural Development vs. Agricultural Development, Role of
NGOs in Rural Development, Rural Non farm sector and Rural Development, Decentralized
planning and Participatory development, role Panchayats in decentralized in rural
development.

Module-II Rural Credit and Self Help Groups

Role of National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) for rural
development, Constraints of micro-enterprises in rural areas, credit need for rural non farm
sector, the concept of micro credit, Micro credit role of Grameen Bank, SHG’s in India
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and rural
development.

References

1. Katar Singh , Rural Development : Principles, Policies and Management, Sage

Publications, New Delhi
2. K.G. Karmakar, Rural Credit and Self-Help Groups, Sage Publications, New Delhi
3. S.Sau, Rural Industrialization –Development Trajectory in India, Farma K.L.M., Kolkata
4. Misra D. and Puri K. Indian Economy, Himalaya Publishing House
5. Datt and Sundharam (Revised by G.Datt and A. Mahajan), Indian Economy, 70th edition,
S. Chand
6. N. Narayanasami, Participatory Rural Appraisal: Principle, Methods and Applications,
Sage Publications, New Delhi, 2009.
7. Vasant Desai, A Study of Rural Economics, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.
8. Mahi Pal, ―Panchayati Raj and Rural governance‖, Economic and Political Weekly, Jan.
10-16, vol. XXXIX, 2004,No.2, p.13 16.
9. Raghava, D. V. Rao, Panchayats and Rural Development, Ashish Publishing House, New
Delhi, 1980.
10. Ram Reddy, Pattern of Panchayati Raj in India, Heritage Publishers, New Delhi, 2

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 6 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - IV
Discipline Specific Course

Paper –IV
INDIAN ECONOMY

Module I: Structure of the Indian economy:

Indian Economy at the time of Independence - Changes in the Composition of National
Income and Employment - Natural Resource base - Land, Water, Forest, Mineral and Metal
Resources - Population: Size, Growth and Composition and their implications for Indian
economy.

Module II: Indian Agriculture:

Importance of Agriculture - Trends in Agricultural Production and Productivity. Land
Reforms - Green Revolution - Agricultural Finance - Agricultural Marketing - Agricultural
Price Policy - Food Security in India.

Module III: Indian Industry:

Importance of Industrialization - Trends in Industrial Production - Industrial Policy
Resolutions - 1948, 1956, 1991 - Role of Public and Private Sectors - Formal and Informal
Sectors in Industry.

Module IV: NIIT AAYOG:

Evolution of Planning Commission – Failures and Demise of planning commission - Genesis
of NITI Aayog: structure and composition of NIIT Aayog, Functions and objectives of NIIT
Aayog, Differences between NIIT Aayog and planning commission - NIIT Aayog role in
strategic planning and development.

Module-V Service Sector and Economic Reforms:

Concept, Components, Trends and Role of Service Sector - Infrastructural Development-
Transport, Banking, Insurance, and Information Technology - Economic Reforms-
Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization- A critical evaluation.

References:

1. SK Misra and Puri : Indian Economy, Himalaya Publishing House.

2. Ishwar C Dhigra : The Indian Economy: Environment and Policy,
SC Chand & Sons, New Delhi
3. KPM Sundaram : Indian Economy
4. PK Dhar : Growing Dimensions of Indian
Economy, Kalayani Publisher.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 7 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester – IV

SEC-3 Data Analysis

Module -I: Collection and representation of data

Collection of data (some methodological issues), Census, Sample survey
Representation of data the basic of data Management in stata / R / Eviews / SPSS /
MS Excel

Module-II: Indian official statistics (Basic concepts)

Central statistical office (CSO) – National Accounts statics (NAS) Industrial statics
(ASI, IIP) National sample survey Office (NSSO) - Household Consumer
Expenditure Survey Rounds - Employment and Unemployment Survey Rounds -
Census of India – Population Census 2011 - Reserve Bank of India (RBI) – Handbook
of statistics on Indian Economy Selected Parts)

Suggested Readings:

1. Goon A.M, Gupta, M K, and Dasgupta, B. Fundamentals of Statistics (volume

One), The World Press private Ltd

2. GOI, Note sample Design and Estimation procedure of NSS 68th Round, national
SamplePress private Ltd

3. GOI. SRS statistical Report 2016 office of the Registrar General & Census
4. Commissioner of India

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 8 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester – IV

SEC-4
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND DEVELOPMENT

Module-I Basic Issues of Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

Basic features of Entrepreneurship - Entrepreneurship and its linkages with economic
development - Growth of entrepreneurship in India - Role of entrepreneurship in Economic
Development and problems of rural entrepreneurship in India.

Module-II Financial Resources for new ventures of an entrepreneur:

Source of finance - capital structure - Institutional support to enterprises- National Small
Industries Board- State Small Industries Development Corporation- District Industrial
estates- Indian Experience, Stages of growth, types of growth strategies of expansion,
Diversification - joint venture, merger and subcontracting.

References:

1. S.S. Khanka Entrepreneurial Development, S Chand & Company Ltd.

2. David. H. Holt- Entrepreneurship New Venture Criterion
3. Poornima M. Entrepreneurship Development and Small Business Enterprises (2 nd
Edition Pearson)
4. Datt and Sundaram (Revised by A. Mahjan), Indian Economy, 70th Edition, S Chand.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 9 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester – V

Generic Elective

Paper – I TELANGANA ECONOMY

Module- I: Telangana Economy

Economic Features of Telangana, Demographic Features of Telangana- Occupational
Distribution of population in Telangana- Sectoral Distribution of population.

Module- II: Gross State Domestic Product, Poverty and Unemployment

Growth and Trends in Gross State Domestic Product and Per capita income in Telangana-
Sectoral Contribution to Gross State Domestic Product - Poverty and unemployment in
Telangana: Trends, Causes & Concentration of Economic Power.

Module- III: Agricultural Sector

Growth of Agriculture in Telangana Economy - Trends in Agricultural Production and
Productivity - Agrarian Structure and Land Reforms - Irrigation sources Trends- Mission
Kakatiya - Agricultural Credit and Rural Indebtedness.

Module- IV: Industrial Sector and Service Sector

Structure of Telangana Industry- Its Growth and Pattern Industrial Policy of Telangana-TS
iPASS Special Economic Zones. Importance of Service Sector in Telangana- Growth and
Pattern of Development of Service Sector in Telangana.

Basic Reading List:

1. Rao S Kishan and Rahul A Shastry (2009): Andhra Pradesh Economy – Dynamics of
Transformation with a focus on Regional Disparities, National Academy of
Development,
2. Hanumantha Rao and S.Mahender Dev (2003); Andhra Pradesh Development –
Economic Reform and Challenges Ahead, Centre for Economic and Social Studies,
Hyderabad.
3. Kankalatha Mukund (1990); “Andhra Pradesh Economy in Transition; Centre for
Economic and Social Studies, Hyderabad and Book Links Corporation, Hyderabad.
4. Mahendra Dev, S.C.Ravi and M.Venkatanarayana (2009); Human Development in
Andhra Pradesh: Experiences, Issues and Challenges; Centre for Economic and Social
Studies (CESS), Hyderabad.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 10 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester – V
Discipline Specific Elective

Paper -V (A)
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-

Module-I
Nature and scope of agricultural economics - Factors affecting agricultural development,
technological, institutional and general -Interdependency between agriculture and industry.

Module-II
Concept of production function: input and product relationship in farm production. Resource
use and efficiency - Production function analyses in agriculture - Factor combination and
resource substitution.

Module-III
Growth and productivity in Indian agriculture - Recent trends in agricultural growth in India
Agrarian reforms and their role in economic development - Inter-state variations in growth of
output and productivity; cropping pattern shifts - Supply of inputs - Pricing of inputs and role
of subsides.

Module-IV
Systems of farming - farm size and productivity relationship in Indian Agriculture - New
agriculture strategy and Green revolution and its impact.

Module-V
Emerging trends in production - processing, marketing and exports, Policy controls and
regulations relating to industrial sector with specific reference to agro-industries in agri-
business enterprises

Reference Books:

1. Sadhu An, Singh Amarjit and Sing Jasbir (2004) Fundamental of Agriculture
Economics, Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi.
2. Lekhi RK and Sigh Joginder, Agriculture Economics, Kalyani Publishers.
3. Government of India (1976) , Report of the National commission on Agriculture,
New Delhi
4. Bilgrami, S.A.R. (1996) Agriculture Economics Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi.
5. Dantwala, M.L. et al (1991) Indianan Agriculture Development since Independence,
Oxford& IBH, New Delhi.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 11 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - V
Discipline Specific Elective

Paper – V (B)
PUBLIC ECONOMICS

Module - I: Introduction
Meaning and importance of Public finance -Evolution of public finance. Multiple theories of
public household-Public and Private goods-Markets mechanism in public and private goods.
State as an agent of planning and development

Module- II: Public Expenditure

Theories of public expenditure- Wagner’ s law of increasing state activities – Peacock
Wisemans hypothesis- Principle of Maximum Social advantage –Growth and pattern of public
expenditure, Effects of public expenditure-Cost benefit analysis.

Module- III: Taxation & Public Debt

Approaches to taxation- Benefit approach, Ability to pay approach and Neutrality approach-
Elasticity and buoyancy of taxation-incidence and shifting of taxation-Types and classification
of taxes and VAT, Approaches to public debt.

Module- IV: Fiscal Policy & Federal Finance

Definition of fiscal policy and its objectives; Fiscal Policies for redistribution of income and
wealth and stabilization – fiscal policies in a developing country, federal financial structure and
its main features – Direct taxes-Income tax-Corporate tax. Indirect tax structure- –GST

Module- V: Budget
Budget – Classification of budgets –Economic, Functional, organizational, classification of
budgets- performance programming and zero based budgets- surplus, balanced and deficit
budgets- Concepts of budget deficit and their implications – State and Central budgets. Fiscal
crisis and Fiscal sector reforms in India

References
1. Atkinson, A Band J.E Siglitz (1980) : Lecturers on Public Economics, Tata McGraw
Hill, New York.
2. Auerbach, A J and M. Feldson (Eds.) (1985): Handbook of Public Economics, Vol. 1,
North Holland, Amsterdam.
3. Buchanan, J M (1970): The Public Finances, Richard D Irwin, Homewood.
4. Goode, R (1986): Government Finance in Developing Countries, Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi.
5. Houghton, J M (1970): The Public Finance: Selected Readings, Penguin,
Harmondsworth.
6. Jha, R (1998): Modern Public Economics, Routledge, London.
7. Menutt, P (1996): The Economics of Public Choice, Edward Elgar, U.K.
8. Musgrave, R A and P.B. Musgrave (1976): Public Finance in Theory and Practice,
McGraw Hill, Kogakusha, Tokyo.
9. S K Singh Public Economics
10. Om prakash Public Economics

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS
Page 12 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - V
Discipline Specific Elective (DSE)

Paper –V (C)
ECONOMICS OF ENVIRONMENT

Module- I: Theory and Concept of Environmental Economics

Nature and Significance of Environmental Economics – definition and scope of
environmental economics –Market Failure& Externality– Theories of Environmental
Economics

Module- II: Environment and Economics

Environment and Economics- Inter linkage – Environment as a public good – Environment
vs. Economic growth - Population and Environment linkage –Environmental Resources use
allocation problem of Resources –Valuation of Environmental damages: land, water, air and
forest.

Module-III: Environmental Problems

Economic development and environmental problems –Air, Water and Soil Pollution, Natural
Resource Depletion, Deforestation, Industrial and Agricultural Pollution, Urbanization,
Vehicular Pollution. Global warming and green house effect - Environmental degradation.

Module -IV: Environmental Pollution Control

Prevention, control and abatement of pollution –Choice of policy instruments in developing
countries – Environmental Education- Environmental law – Sustainable development –
indicators of sustainable development – Environmental Planning – Environmental
accounting.

Module-V: Policy measures

Basic approach –Design of environmental policy –Indian environment policies and
performance –Functions of Ministry of Environment and Forest and Pollution Control
Boards.

References:
1. M. Karpagam (1993), Environmental Economics, Sterling Publishers, New Delhi.
2. S. Sankaran (1994), Environmental Economics, Margham, Madras.
3. N. Rajalakshmi and Dhulasi Birundha (1994), Environomics, Economic Analysis of
Environment, Allied Publishers, Ahmedabad.
4. S. Varadarajan and S. Elangovan (1992), Environmental Economics, Speed, Chennai.
5. Singh G.N (Ed.) (1991) Environmental Economics, Mittal Publications, New Delhi.
6. Garge, M.R. (Ed.) (1996), Environmental Pollution and Protection, Deep and Deep
Publications, New Delhi.
7. Lodha, S.L (Ed.)(1991), Economics of Environment, RBSAPublishers, Jaipur.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 13 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - V
Discipline Specific Elective (DSE)

Paper –V (D)
ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR

UNIT - I Health Economics - Health Dimensions of Development - Determinants of

Health - Poverty, Malnutrition and Environmental Issues - Economic
Dimensions of Healthcare - Demand and Supply
- Financing of Healthcare and Constraints.

UNIT – II Inequalities in Health - Class and Gender Perspectives - Institutional Issues in

Healthcare Delivery – Maternal Mortality , Child Mortality and Nutritional
Issues - Longevity – Ageing of Population

UNIT - III Education - Education and Economic Growth - Human Capital Vs. Physical
Capital - Demand for Education - Private Demand and Social Demand - Cost of
Education - Private & Social Costs - Gender Inequalities – Role in Education.

UNIT - IV Energy - Primacy of Energy in the Process of Economic Development - Factors

Determining Demand for Energy- Effects of Energy Shortage - Energy
Conservation - Renewable and Non- Conventional Sources of Energy.

UNIT - V Social Sector and Economic Development - Information as a Public Good -

Social and Physical Infrastructure - Economies of Scale of Joint Supply-
Marginal cost Pricing Vs. Other Methods of Pricing in Public Utilities - Cross
Subsidization - Free Prices, Equity and Efficiency

READING LIST:

Berman, P : Health sector reform in Developing countreis, Making Health

Development Sustainable, Boston; Boston: Harward Series
on Population and International Health.
Bhig, M : Introduction to Economics of Education, Penguin, London, 1972.
Hlarman, H.E : The Economics of Health, Columbia University Press, New York, 1965.
Crew,M.A and
P.R. Kleindoyers : Public Utility Economics, Macmillan, London, 1979.
Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) : Economics of Infrastructure, Vol. VI, New Delhi.

Kneafsey, J.T : Transportation Economic Analysis, Lexington, Torouts, 1975.

Mishra & Puri : Indian Economy, 2005.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 14 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - VI
Discipline Specific Elective

Paper –VI (A) INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS

Module - I: Theories of International Trade:

Theories of absolute advantage, comparative advantage and opportunity costs; Theorem of
factor price equalization; - Heckscher - Ohlin theory of trade, Leointif Paradox.

Module - II: Trade and Growth

Gains from Trade.-Trade as an Engine of Economic Growth. Concepts of Terms of Trade-
Factors affecting Terms of Trade- Singer-Prebish secular deterioration of Terms of Trade.

Module- III: Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade

The basic analysis of Tariffs, Quotas, Protection and Imperfect Competition, Optimum tariff.
Customs unions, trade barriers, Arguments for and against a Tariff.

Module- IV: Balance of Payments

Concepts and Components of BOP, Equilibrium and disequilibria in Balance of payments,
Types of Disequilibria. Remedial measures to control disequilibrium. Causes of Devaluation.
Direction and Composition of Foreign trade, Export and Import Policies of India.

Module – V: Internal Factor movements

International Movement of labor, international lending and world debt crisis, Foreign Direct
Investment.

References:

1. Soderston B (1990): International Economics, Macmillan Press Ltd. London

2. Kindle Berger C P (1986): International Economics RD Irwin Concepts wood
3. Vaish MC&Sudhama Singh (2000): International Economics, Himalaya Publishing House,
New Delhi
4. Francis Cherunilam: International Economics 4th Edition
5. Mithani DM (2000): International Economics, Himalaya, Mumbai
6. Desai:International Economics, Himalaya, New Delhi.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 15 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - VI
Discipline Specific Elective

Paper –VI ( B ) DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS

Module- I: Economic Development and Growth:

Concepts of Economic Growth and Development- Measurement of Economic
Development: Per Capita Income, Basic Needs, Physical Quality of Life
Index, Human Development Index and Gender Empowerment Measure. Role
of State and Market in Economic Development

Module- II: Factors in Economic Development:

Factors effecting Economic Development-Characteristics of developing
Countries- Population and Economic Development - Theories of Demographic
Transition. Human Resource Development and Economic Development

Module- III: Theories of Economic Development:

Lewis, Rodan, Nurkse's Balanced Growth Strategy, Hirsch man's Un-balanced
Growth Strategy.

Module- IV: Investment Criteria

Choice of Techniques – Capital, labour and appropriate technology –
Allocation of resources – Investment Criteria – Role of labour orientation
methods in the development of third world countries – Role of capital
formation in developing countries - Role of Technology in Economic
Development.
.
Module V : Financing Economic Development External resources - FDI, Foreign aid vs.
trade, technology inflow, MNC activity in developing countries; Borrowings -
domestic and external; Burden of borrowing - IMF and World Bank.

References:

1. Mier, Gerald, M : Leading issues in Economic Development,

OUP, Delhi
2. Todaro, Micheal P : Economic Development in the third world, Orient
Longman, Hyderabad
3. Ghatak Subrata : Introduction to development economics
4. Sukumoy chakravarthy : Development Planning- ndian
Experience, OUP, Delhi
5. Misra &Puri : Economic Development and Planning,
Theory and practice

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 16 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - VI
Discipline Specific Elective
Paper –VI- (C) INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS

Module I: Meaning and classification of Industries:

Use-based, Resource Based and ASI Two and Three Digit classification-
Industrial Location theories - Weber, Sargent Florence and Losch - factors
affecting industrial location.

Module II: Market Structure and Market Performance:

Types of Markets based on Place, Time and Competition - Concepts &
Organization of a firm - Market Structure - Sellers Concentration - Product
Differentiation - Entry Conditions - Economics of Scale.

Module III: Industrial Pattern under Five Year Plan:

Industrial Economic Concentration and remedial measures - Industrial Policy
1991- Role of Public and Private Sectors - LPG Programme - Recent Trends in
Industrial growth.

Module IV: Industrial Finance:

Industrial Finance: Owned, External and other Components of Funds; Role,
Nature, Volume and types of Institutional Finance – State Level Financial
Institutions and Commercial Banks.

Module V: Indian Industries and Problems:

Problems in Large Scale industries –Cotton textiles-Iron and Steel –Jute –Sugar-
Rationalization – Importance and development of Small Scale and Cottage
industries in India – Industrial Sickness- Regional imbalances in Industrial Growth.

References:
1. Ahuliwalia, I.J. (1985) Industrial Growth in India, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi.
2. Barthwal, R.R. (1985), Industrial Economics, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Chernuliam, F. (1994), Industrial Economics: Indian Perspective (3RD Edition),
Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
4. Desai, B. (1999), Industrial Economy in India (3rd Edition,) Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
5. Divine, P.J. and R.M. Jones Et. Al (1976), An Introduction to Industrial Economics,
George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London.
6. Hay, D. and D.J.Morris (1979), Industrial Economics: theory and evidence, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
7. Kuchhal, S.C. (1980), Industrial Economy of India (5th Edition), Chaitanya
Publishing House, Allahabad.
8. Sing, A and A.N.Sadhu (1988), Industrial Economics, Himalaya Publishing House,
Mumbai.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS
Page 17 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - VI

Discipline Specific Elective

Paper –VI (D) DEMOGRAPHY

Unit – I Meaning and scope of demography - components of population-growth and

their interdependence-Theories of population– Malthus and Optimum theory
of population - Theory of demographic transition – Population and
Development.

Unit – II Population trends in the twentieth century - population Explosion –

Determinants of age and sex -structure- Aging of population – social
economic implications.

Unit – III Fertility – Trends in fertility rates in developed and less developed countries-
Factors affecting fertility – Nuptiality – concept and analysis of marital status

Unit – IV Mortality rates in more and less developed countries- Life table – construction
and uses- concepts of stable population- Methods of population projection.

Unit – V Migration – Streams of migration - Factors affecting migration – Urbanization

– trends in developed and developing countries – study of census in India-
Trends in the rate of growth of Indian Population – Evolution of population
policy – Population control to Measures - Family Planning strategies in India-
New Population policy in India.

READING LIST:

1. S.N.Agarwal : India’s population problem – Tata Mc Graw –Hill Co. Bombay.

2. Ahisha Bose: India’s Basic Demographic statistics-B.R Publishing Corporation,
New-Delhi.
3. P.K. Chowbey: Population policy in India – Kanishka Publications, New Delhi.
4. S.C Gulati: Fertility in India an Econometric study of a metropolis-Sage, New
Delhi.
5. K.Srinivsan: Basic Demographic techniques and applications.-Sage, New Delhi
6. D.J. Bogue: Principles of Demography-John Wiley, New York.
7. C.M. Chiang: Life tables and Mortality Analysis.-WHO, Geneva.
8. CEHI, Dharmakumar (ed) Vol.2
9. Praveen Visaria, Population studies.
10. Dharma Kumar, Land and caste in south India.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 18 of 19
 B.A. (ECONOMICS) SYLLABUS
Semester - VI

Optional Paper

FINANCIAL ECONOMICS

Module 1: Introduction to Indian Financial System:

Overview of Indian Financial System – functions of financial system – players –
structure and growth – regulatory bodies.

Module 2: Money and Capital Markets:

Indian money market – instruments – institutions – functioning of Indian money
market – changes in the regulatory framework – growth – stocks and bonds –
primary and secondary markets – process of initial public offer – offer of
Government bonds – stock market functioning – stock indices – evaluation of
stocks and bonds – understanding stock market information.

Module 3: Foreign Exchange Market:

Exchange rate – types – determination of exchange rate – nature of forex market –
Nature of forex inflow and outflow – examples of ECBs and NREs – RBI and
exchange rate management

Module 4: Financial Derivatives:

Need for derivatives – types of derivatives – example of how stock index
derivatives could be used to hedge risks in stock market investment – evaluation of
financial derivatives.

Readings:

1. Bhole, L.M. (2002), Indian Financial Institutions and Markets, Tata McGraw Hill Ltd,
New Delhi.
2. David S. Kidwell, David W. Blackwell, David A. Whidbee, Richard L. Peterson,
(2005) Financial Institutions, Markets, and Money, 9th Edition, Wiley Publication,
New York.
3. Khan M.F., (2006), Indian Financial Institutions, Tata McGraw Hill Ltd, New Delhi.
4. Pathak, Bharathi V., (2007), The Indian Financial System: Markets, Institutions and
Services, 2/e, Pearson Education India, New Delhi.

Prof. B. Suresh Lal

Chairperson, BoS

Page 19 of 19