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Data Types

The document provides an overview of data types in Java, categorizing them into primitive and non-primitive types. It details the eight primitive data types, their characteristics, and examples, as well as the rules for naming identifiers in Java. Additionally, it explains type casting, including widening and narrowing casting with examples of each type.

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2 views

Data Types

The document provides an overview of data types in Java, categorizing them into primitive and non-primitive types. It details the eight primitive data types, their characteristics, and examples, as well as the rules for naming identifiers in Java. Additionally, it explains type casting, including widening and narrowing casting with examples of each type.

Uploaded by

manishkhadka2059scribd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Types in Java

Java language has a rich implementation of data types. Data types specify size and the type of values that
can be stored in an identifier.

In java, data types are classified into two catagories :


a. Primitive Data type

b. Non-Primitive Data type

a) Primitive Data type

A primitive data type can be of eight types:


• Char
• Boolean
• Byte
• Short
• Int
• Long
• Float
• Double

Once a primitive data type has been declared its type can never change, although in most cases its value
can change. These eight primitive type can be put into four groups.

Integer
This group includes byte, short, int, long
byte : It is 8 bit integer data type. Value range from -128 to 127. Default value zero. example: byte b=10;
short : It is 16 bit integer data type. Value range from -32768 to 32767. Default value zero. example: short
s=11;
int : It is 32 bit integer data type. Value range from -2147483648 to 2147483647. Default value zero.
example: int i=10;
long : It is 64 bit integer data type. Value range from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to
9,223,372,036,854,775,807. Default value zero. example: long l=100012;

Floating-Point Number
This group includes float, double
float : It is 32 bit float data type. Default value 0.0f. example: float ff=10.3f;
double : It is 64 bit float data type. Default value 0.0d. example: double db=11.123;

Characters
This group represent char, which represent symbols in a character set, like letters and numbers.
char : It is 16 bit unsigned unicode character. Range 0 to 65,535. example: char c='a';
Boolean
This group represent boolean, which is a special type for representing true/false values. They are defined
constant of the language. example: boolean b=true;

b) Non-Primitive(Reference) Data type

A reference data type is used to refer to an object. A reference variable is declare to be of specific and that
type can never be change.

Identifiers in Java

All Java components require names. Name used for classes, methods, interfaces and variables are called
Identifier. Identifier must follow some rules. Here are the rules:

• All identifiers must start with either a letter( a to z or A to Z ) or currency character($) or


an underscore.

• After the first character, an identifier can have any combination of characters.

• A Java keyword cannot be used as an identifier.

• Identifiers in Java are case sensitive, foo and Foo are two different identifiers.

Type Casting

Assigning a value of one type to a variable of another type is known as Type Casting.
Example :
int x = 10;
byte y = (byte)x;

In Java, type casting is classified into two types,


• Widening Casting(Implicit)

• Narrowing Casting(Explicitly done)

Widening or Automatic type conversion:


Automatic Type casting takes place when the two types are compatible. The target type is larger than the
source type.

Example :
public class Test
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int i = 100;
long l = i; //no explicit type casting required
float f = l; //no explicit type casting required
System.out.println("Int value "+i);
System.out.println("Long value "+l);
System.out.println("Float value "+f);
}

Output :
Int value 100
Long value 100
Float value 100.0

Narrowing or Explicit type conversion:


When you are assigning a larger type value to a variable of smaller type, then you need to perform
explicit type casting.

Example :
public class Test
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
double d = 100.04;
long l = (long)d; //explicit type casting required
int i = (int)l; //explicit type casting required

System.out.println("Double value "+d);


System.out.println("Long value "+l);
System.out.println("Int value "+i);

Output :
Double value 100.04
Long value 100
Int value 100

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