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experiment-4

The document outlines an experiment on inverting summing, scaling, and averaging amplifiers using an op-amp at Marwadi University. It details the circuit operations, including the mathematical relationships for output voltages and the importance of resistor values and power supply for performance. The experiment confirmed that the practical results aligned with theoretical expectations, demonstrating successful amplifier designs.

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mitchodavadiya
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2 views

experiment-4

The document outlines an experiment on inverting summing, scaling, and averaging amplifiers using an op-amp at Marwadi University. It details the circuit operations, including the mathematical relationships for output voltages and the importance of resistor values and power supply for performance. The experiment confirmed that the practical results aligned with theoretical expectations, demonstrating successful amplifier designs.

Uploaded by

mitchodavadiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Marwadi University

Faculty of Engineering and Technology


Department of Information and Communication Technology

Experiment-4

Aim: Develop inverting summing, scaling and averaging amplifier for three different inputs.

Circuit Diagram:
Marwadi University
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Department of Information and Communication Technology

Observation:-

1. Inverting Summing Amplifier:

When different DC input voltages () are applied, the output voltage () is the negative sum of the inputs.

If equal resistors () are used, the output follows:

V_{out} = - (V_1 + V_2 + V_3)

The phase of the output signal is inverted compared to the inputs.

2. Scaling Amplifier:

By selecting different resistor values for each input, individual gains for each signal can be controlled.

The output follows:


Marwadi University
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Department of Information and Communication Technology

V_{out} = - \left( \frac{R_f}{R_1} V_1 + \frac{R_f}{R_2} V_2 + \frac{R_f}{R_3} V_3 \right)

Used when different weightage is required for each input signal.

3. Averaging Amplifier:

When equal resistors are used, and feedback resistor is set as:

R_f = \frac{R}{n}, \quad \text{(where n = 3 for three inputs)}

V_{out} = - \frac{(V_1 + V_2 + V_3)}{3}

The circuit operation follows the superposition theorem (each input contributes independently).

The op-amp works in negative feedback mode to stabilize the output.

The inversion property is due to the inverting terminal connection of the op-amp.

The circuit performance depends on resistor values and op-amp characteristics (offset voltage, bias
currents).

Proper power supply is necessary for correct operation, typically ±12V or ±15V.

Small variations in resistor values can cause slight deviations in expected output values.

Would you like a table with experimental readings for different input values?

Conclusion:

In this experiment, we implemented inverting summing, scaling, and averaging amplifiers


using an op-amp. The summing amplifier provided an output equal to the negative sum of
input voltages, while the scaling amplifier allowed different gains for each input. The
averaging amplifier produced an inverted average of the input signals. The circuit operation
followed the superposition principle, and the output depended on the resistor values. The
experimental results matched theoretical expectations, confirming the successful design and
functioning of these amplifiers.
Marwadi University
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Department of Information and Communication Technology

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