Scribd
Upload
17 views

Autism 2

The document provides an overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), detailing its symptoms, classifications, causes, and treatment options. It highlights the importance of early diagnosis and various therapeutic approaches, including behavioral, educational, and family therapies, to support individuals with autism. Additionally, it lists specific programs and activities designed to enhance social, communication, and behavioral skills in children with ASD.

Uploaded by

ahmedalashlam32
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views

Autism 2

The document provides an overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), detailing its symptoms, classifications, causes, and treatment options. It highlights the importance of early diagnosis and various therapeutic approaches, including behavioral, educational, and family therapies, to support individuals with autism. Additionally, it lists specific programs and activities designed to enhance social, communication, and behavioral skills in children with ASD.

Uploaded by

ahmedalashlam32
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Psychological readings in

foreign language in
mental disability
Autism

Made by :-
✓Shimaa hamdy ✓ Aya ebrahiem
mohammed mahmoud
✓Eman adel abd elhay ✓ Shrouk mohamed
✓Reham abd elhameed shehata
el-tayfy ✓ Menna fahmy abd
✓Reham abd elsalam elsamea
mohamed ✓ Asmaa adel salama
✓Walaa sad gaber ✓ Amira mohamed atef
✓Aya zaied mahmoud
❖ What is autism spectrum disorder?
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurological and
developmental disorder that affects how people
interact with others, communicate, learn, and
behave. Although autism can be diagnosed at any
age, It is described as a “developmental disorder”
because symptoms generally appear in the first two
years of life.
❖ What are autism's symptoms and signs?
Autism symptoms usually appear in early
childhood, between 12 to 24 months of age, but
they can manifest earlier or later
❖Social Communication Symptoms
• Reduced eye contact.
• Lack of response when called by name.
• Resistance to hugging or being held, preferring to
play alone.
• Difficulty expressing emotions through facial
expressions or understanding others' feelings.
• Delayed speech development and difficulty forming
words or sentences.
• Speaking in an unusual tone or robotic manner.
• Inability to initiate or sustain conversations.
• Repeating words or phrases frequently.
❖Behavioral Symptoms
• Engaging in self-harming behaviors, such as biting
or head-banging.
• Repetitive movements, like rocking, spinning, or
hand flapping.
• Distress when routines are changed
• Unusual walking patterns, such as walking on
tiptoes.
• Focusing on unusual details, like spinning wheels of
a toy car instead of playing with the whole car.
• Heightened sensitivity to light, sound, or touch.
• Preferring specific types of food or rejecting foods
with certain textures.
❖ Classifications:-
• Mild
• Moderate
• Severe
❖ Causes of autism:-
• Genetic Factors
• Biological Factors
• Environmental Factors
❖ Treatment plan:-
• There is no cure for autism spectrum disorder, and
there is no one-size-fits-all treatment approach.
• The goal of treatment is to maximize a child's
ability to function by reducing autism spectrum
disorder symptoms and supporting development
and learning.
❖Treatment options may include:
❖Behavioral and communication therapies
• Many programs address a range of social,
language, and behavioral difficulties associated
with autism spectrum disorder
• Some programs focus on reducing problem
behaviors and teaching new skills
• Other programs focus on teaching children how to
behave in social situations or communicate better
with others
• Applied behavior analysis (ABA) can also help
children learn new skills and generalize these skills
across multiple situations through a reward-based
motivation system
❖Educational therapies
• Children with autism spectrum disorder often
respond well to highly structured educational
programs.
• Successful programs typically involve a team of
specialists and a variety of activities to improve
social, communication, and behavioral skills
• Preschoolers who receive focused, individualized
behavioral interventions often show good progress
❖Family therapy
• Parents and other family members can learn how
to play and interact with
• Family therapy.
• Parents and other family members can learn how
to play and interact with their sick children in ways
that stimulate social skills, address behavioral
problems, and teach daily living and
communication skills.
❖Other therapies
• Depending on your child's needs, speech therapy to
improve communication skills, occupational
therapy to teach activities of daily living, and
physical therapy to improve mobility and balance
may be helpful.
• A psychiatrist may recommend methods to treat
behavior problems
❖Medications
• No medication can improve the core signs of
autism spectrum disorder, but certain medications
can help control symptoms. For example, some
medications may be prescribed for your child with
hyperactivity
• Antipsychotic medications are sometimes used to
treat severe behavioral problems; antidepressants
may be prescribed to treat anxiety.
• Keep healthcare providers informed about any
medication or supplement your child is taking.
Sometimes, medications can interact with
supplements and cause serious side effects.
❖Programmes and activities:-
❖Programmes:-
• Lovaas program
• Walden Toddler program
• The TEACCH Program
• (PECS) Picture Exchange Communication System
• (ABA) Applied Behavior Analysis
• Son-Rise Program
• ( LEAP)
• Learning experiences : an alternative program for
preschoolers and parent
• Social pragmatic communication approach
• The Greenspan model
• The Early Start Denver Model
• Physical therapy (PT)
• Speech and language therapy
• Therapeutic play
• Parent training program

❖Activities:-
• Sensory Activities such as playing with sand or
water.
• Social and Communication Activities as role
playing.
• Physical and Sports Activities such as swimming
• Educational and Cognitive Activities such as
puzzle games.
• Relaxation and Stress Reducing Activities such as
listening to soft music.
• Family Interaction Activities such as trips to
parks.

You might also like