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SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

DO NOT OPEN THIS TEST BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

T.B.C.: FIAS-SFG24-L2T7 Test Booklet Series
Serial No.

A
TEST BOOKLET
GENERAL STUDIES & CSAT

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SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.1) Consider the following activities: c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is

1. Spreading finely ground basalt rock on incorrect
farmlands extensively d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
2. Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by correct
adding lime
3. Capturing carbon dioxide released by Q.4) The amount of energy reflected by a
various industries and pumping into surface is called albedo. In this context
abandoned subterranean mines in the form consider the following surfaces:
of carbonated waters. 1. Grassland
How many of the above activities are often 2. Desert Sand
considered and discussed for carbon capture 3. Ocean
and sequestration? 4. Fresh Snow
a) Only one Arrange the above surfaces in increasing order
b) Only two of their albedo values?
c) All three a) 3-2-1-4
d) None b) 4-2-1-3
c) 1-3-2-4
Q.2) Which of the following statements best d) 3-1-2-4
describes the term ‘climate sensitivity’?
a) It describes the sensitivity of the living Q.5) With reference to Vajrayana Buddhism,
biota on the earth towards the increasing consider the following statements:
temperature. 1. Followers of Vajrayana believed that
b) It describes the change in the salvation could be best achieved by
annual global mean surface temperature in acquiring magical powers.
response to a change in the 2. Similar to Mahayana Buddhism, devotees of
atmospheric CO2 concentration or Vajrayana Buddhism seek enlightenment
other radiative forcing. within the span of their lifetime
c) It is the relation between emission of Which of the statements given above is/are
greenhouse gases and rising sea level. correct?
d) It is the percentage of biodiversity loss a) 1 only
b) 2 only
with an increase in temperature of one
c) Both 1 and 2
degree Celsius. d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q.3) Consider the following statements: Q.6) The phenomenon of marine heat waves
Statement - I: Methane is responsible for (MHWs) has increased around the globe and
around 30% of the rise in global temperatures has had multiple impacts on the environment.
since the industrial revolution. In this context, consider the following
Statement - II: The largest source of impacts:
anthropogenic methane emissions is 1. Destruction of Kelp forests
agriculture, responsible for around one 2. Coral bleaching
quarter of emissions of methane. 3. Increased intermixing between water
Which one of the following is correct in layers
respect of the above statements? 4. Increase in intensity of rainfall and floods
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 5. Increase in the population of invasive alien
correct and Statement-II is the correct species
explanation for Statement-I How many of the above are the impacts of
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are marine heat waves (MHWs)?
a) Only two
correct and Statement-II is not the correct
b) Only three
explanation for Statement for Statement-I c) Only four
d) All five

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SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.7) Sometimes seen in news, the term ‘carbon 1. Surrogacy cannot be provided in exchange
bomb’ refers to which of the following: for monetary compensations other than
a) the reduction of an entity’s greenhouse gas basic medical expenses and insurance
emissions by switching to cleaner energy coverage.
sources. 2. Generally, a woman cannot serve as a
b) a fossil fuel extraction project that can emit surrogate mother more than once during
over a gigaton of CO₂ emissions during its her lifetime.
lifetime. 3. Married couples are allowed to use donor
c) the amount of greenhouse gases, such as eggs or donor sperm for surrogacy.
carbon dioxide and methane, produced by How many of the statements given above are
human actions. correct?
d) the total amount of carbon dioxide a) Only one
emissions allowed to limit global warming b) Only two
to a specific level. c) All three
d) None
Q.8) With reference to carbon dioxide (CO2),
consider the following statements: Q.11) Human activities in the recent past have
1. It has zero ozone depletion potential. caused the increased concentration of carbon
2. It is insoluble in water. dioxide in the atmosphere, but a lot of it does
3. It is released by the decomposition of not remain in the lower atmosphere because
organic matter. of:
4. It has a higher Global Warming Potential 1. Its escape into the outer stratosphere.
than methane. 2. The photosynthesis by phytoplankton in
How many of the statements given above are the oceans.
correct? 3. The trapping of air in the polar ice caps.
a) Only one Which of the statements given above is/are
b) Only two correct?
c) Only three a) 1 and 2
d) All four b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3
Q.9) With reference to the Intergovernmental d) 3 only
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), consider the
following statements: Q.12) With reference to Carbon Sinks, consider
1. It is an organization of governments that the following statements:
are members of the United Nations or 1. The boreal forests' total terrestrial carbon
World Meteorological Organization. stock is more than tropical forests.
2. It conducts its own climate-related 2. Oceans play a major role in mitigating
research to provide policy prescriptions. climate change by absorbing more than
3. Its secretariat is located in Geneva. 90% of carbon emission.
How many of the above statements are 3. Forests store around half of the carbon
correct? present in terrestrial vegetation and soil.
a) Only one How many of the above statements are
b) Only two correct?
c) All three a) Only one
d) None b) Only two
c) All three
Q.10) With reference to present status of d) None
Surrogacy regulations in India, consider the
following statements:

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SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.13) REDD+ is a climate change mitigation Q.16) In the context of Perfluorocarbons (PFC),
solution developed by the United Nations consider the following statements:
Framework Convention on Climate Change 1. They are man-made chemicals primarily
(UNFCCC). In that context consider the produced in the manufacturing of
following: aluminum and semiconductors.
1. Allocating land to native people in forest for 2. They have a longer atmospheric life than
jhum cultivation activities by the Carbon dioxide.
government. 3. They are greenhouse gases with very little
2. Permitting logging of trees from forest ozone depleting capacity.
without changing the forest land by the How many of the above statements are
government. correct?
3. Declaring a new protected area to conserve a) Only one
the forest reserves by the government. b) Only two
4. Widening the definition of forest by the c) All three
government. d) None
How many of the above activities can help a
nation to achieve the REDD+ targets? Q.17) Ozone has a layer of gaseous ozone
a) One only molecules (O₃) that absorbs harmful radiation
b) Only two from the sun, protecting the life on Earth. In
c) Only three this context, consider the following:
d) All four 1. Sending air balloons with ozone-measuring
instruments to the atmosphere
Q.14) With respect to environment and climate 2. The amount of solar Ultraviolet (UV)
change, consider the following events: radiation absorbed by the atmosphere.
1. Increase in difficulty faced by the calcifying 3. Detecting the distance travelled by the
organisms in shell formation. laser light in the atmosphere from the
2. Formation of dead zones in oceans ground source.
3. Drastic reduction of algae and seagrass in How many of the above can be used to
the ocean measure the amount of ozone in the
How many of the above are primarily caused atmosphere?
by an increase in acidification of oceans? a) Only one
a) Only one b) Only two
b) Only two c) All three
c) All three d) None
d) None
Q.18) With reference to Forest Carbon
Q.15) Which one of the following situations Partnership Facility (FCPF), consider the
best reflects the term ‘Dzuds’, talked about in following statements:
news recently? 1. It is an intergovernmental initiative under
It refers to: the United Nations Environment
a) tornado events causing severe damage in Programme.
the eastern United States. 2. It was created to assist developing
b) extreme temperatures spreading diseases countries to reduce emissions from
in Sierra Leone. deforestation and forest degradation.
c) intense hurricanes causing destruction of 3. India is not a member of the FCPF.
infrastructure in Mexico. How many of the statements given above are
d) harsh winter conditions leading to high correct?
livestock mortality in Mongolia. a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None

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 SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.19) Consider the following statements- c) Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind
Statement-I: World Environment Day is on the Earth
observed globally on June 5th each year to d) Reducing the global warming
raise awareness about environmental issues
and encourage collective action for the Q.22) Recently, a report titled the ‘Emissions
sustainable well-being of our planet. Gap Report 2023: Broken Record –
Statement-II: The United Nations Temperatures hit new highs, yet world fails to
Environment Programme (UNEP) was cut emissions (again)’ was released. In this
established on June 5, 1972, marking a context consider the following statements:
significant milestone in global environmental According to the report:
cooperation. 1. India's per capita territorial based Green
Which one of the following is correct in House Gas emission is less than half of the
respect of the above statements? global average.
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 2. India is the third largest emitter of Green
correct and Statement-II is the correct House Gases.
explanation for Statement-I 3. Energy supply is the leading source of
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are greenhouse gas emission globally.
correct and Statement-II is not the correct How many of the statements given above are
explanation for Statement-I correct?
c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is a) Only one
incorrect b) Only two
d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is c) All three
correct d) None

Q.20) Consider the following components of Q.23) With reference to National Adaptation
infrastructure sector in India: fund for climate change (NAFCC), consider the
1. Affordable Housing following statements:
2. Railways 1. It assists all the States and Union
3. Waterways. Territories in their adaptation activities to
4. Roads climate change.
5. Data Centres (capacity above 5 Mega watts) 2. Banks failing to meet their Priority Sector
6. Mass transport Lending target must contribute the
7. Logistics infra shortfall to the National Adaptation Fund
How many of the above components are part for climate change.
of Growth Engines of PM Gati Shakti? 3. NAFCC provides funding for activities
a) Only four related to adoption of climate change in the
b) Only five coastal areas.
c) Only six How many of the statements given above are
d) All seven correct?
a) Only one
Q.21) In the context of which of the following b) Only two
do some scientists suggest the used of cirrus c) All three
cloud thinning technique and the injection of d) None
sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?
a) Creating the artificial rains in some regions
b) Reducing the frequency and intensity of
tropical cyclones

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 SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.24) Consider the following statements, with Statement - II: Whether a given cloud will heat
reference to Perform Achieve and Trade (PAT) or cool the earth’s surface depends on several
scheme: factors, including the cloud's altitude, its size,
1. It is launched under the National Mission and the make-up of the particles that form the
for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE). cloud.
2. It aims to reduce energy used per unit of Which one of the following is correct in
production in the industrial sector. respect of the above statements?
3. It provides energy saving targets to a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
industries based on their current levels of correct and Statement-II is the correct
energy efficiency. explanation for Statement-I
How many of the statements given above are b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct? correct and Statement-II is not the correct
a) Only one explanation for Statement for Statement-I
b) Only two c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is
c) All three incorrect
d) None d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
correct
Q.25) With reference to the Indian Council of
Agricultural Research (ICAR), consider the Q.28) Which one of the following species
following statements: became the first mammal to go extinct directly
1. It is an autonomous organization under the because of climate change?
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers a) Steller's Sea Cow
Welfare. b) Dodo
2. It is the apex body for co-ordinating, c) Bramble Cay melomys
d) Tasmanian Tiger
guiding and managing research and
education in agriculture sciences in India.
Q.29) “New collective quantified goal” often
Which of the statements given above is/are
mentioned in the news is in the context of
correct?
which one of the following?
a) 1 only
a) Paris Agreement of UNFCCC
b) 2 only
b) Kigali amendment to Montreal protocol
c) Both 1 and 2
c) Kyoto Protocol
d) Neither 1 nor 2
d) Cartagena Protocol

Q.26) In the context of Powering Past Coal

Q.30) Consider the following statements
Alliance (PPCA), consider the following
regarding SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory
statements:
for Infrared Astronomy):
1. The alliance is co-chaired by the USA and
1. It holds the distinction of being the world’s
Japan governments.
largest airborne astronomical observatory.
2. Its focus is to completely phase out coal
2. It is jointly operated by the National
power plants around the world.
Aeronautics and Space Administration
3. India is a signatory of this initiative.
(NASA) and the Japan Aerospace
How many of the statements given above are
correct? Exploration Agency (JAXA).
a) Only one 3. It observes the universe in the widest range
b) Only two of electromagnetic spectrum ranging from
c) All three radio waves to gamma rays.
d) None How many of the statements given above are
correct?
Q.27) Consider the following statements: a) Only one
Statement - I: Thiner Clouds high up in the b) Only two
atmosphere are more effective at reflecting c) All three
incoming solar radiation back into space, d) None
leading to a cooling effect on earth.

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 SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.31) “Climate Action Tracker” which monitors Q.34) Carbon credits are seen as an effective
the emission reduction pledges of different tool towards fighting climate change. In this
countries is a: context, consider the following statements:
a) Database created by coalition of Research 1. They are tradable permits that represent
organisations. one ton of carbon dioxide equivalent or
b) Wing of “International Panel of Climate equivalent greenhouse gas allowed to be
Change”. emitted.
c) Committee under “United Nations 2. India’s Multi-Commodity Exchange became
Framework Convention on Climate Asia's first commodity exchange to launch
Change”. carbon credit futures contracts.
d) Agency promoted and financed by United 3. India is the largest buyer of carbon Credit
Nations Environment Programme and to achieve its Paris 2015 targets of UNFCCC.
World Bank. How many of the statements given above are
correct?
Q.32) With respect to United Nations a) Only one
Environment Programme (UNEP), consider the b) Only two
following statements: c) All three
1. It includes all the UN Member States as its d) None
members.
2. Its headquarters is located in Nairobi, Q.35) ‘Kill Switch’ is sometimes talked about
Kenya. with reference to which one of the following?
3. It publishes the Global Resources Outlook a) Curbing ability of Genetically Modified
report. crops to produce viable seeds.
4. It relies on voluntary contributions for the b) Preventing the spread of Tuberculosis (TB)
majority of its operations. by genetically modifying Mycobacterium
How many of the above statements are tuberculosis.
correct? c) Killing the cancer cells by activating certain
a) Only one proteins within the human body.
b) Only two d) Controlling the viral diseases spread by
c) Only three mosquitoes.
d) All four
Q.36) Scientists use color to classify carbon at
Q.33) Sometimes seen in news, the term ‘Just different points in the carbon cycle based on
Transition’ refers to which of the following? its function, characteristics, and location. In
a) Developed countries obligation to finance this context, consider the following pairs:
climate adaptation projects and Carbon Color Meaning
programmes in developing countries. 1. Gray carbon Carbon released through
b) A fair and inclusive way of shifting from a industrial emissions.
high carbon to a low carbon economy while 2. Teal carbon Carbon stored in freshwater
leaving no one behind. ecosystem.
c) When the central bank brings inflation 3. Black carbon Carbon released through the
down and cools a hot economy without burning of fossil fuels
setting off a significant decline in economic How many of the above pairs are correctly
activity. matched?
d) It relates to people adopting the behaviors a) Only one
and beliefs of the majority in a group to b) Only two
ensure smooth changes. c) All three
d) None

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 SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.37) With reference to Global Environment a) Only one

Facility (GEF), consider the following b) Only two
statements: c) All three
1. It operates on a voluntary funding model d) None
2. United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) serves as the GEF Trustee. Q.41) The ‘Common Carbon Metric’, supported
3. It serves as a financial mechanism for the by UNEP, has been developed for:
Minamata Convention and Stockholm a) Assessing the carbon footprint of building
Convention on Persistent Organic operations around the world
Pollutants. b) Enabling commercial farming entities
4. The GEF Secretariat provides secretariat around the world to enter carbon emission
services for the Adaptation Fund. trading
How many of the statements given above are c) Enabling governments to assess the overall
correct? carbon footprint caused by their countries
a) Only one d) Assessing the overall carbon foot print
b) Only two caused by the use of fossil fuels by the
c) Only three world in a unit time
d) All four
Q.42) Paleoclimatology is the study of climate
Q.38) Which of the following statements best records from hundreds to millions of years
describes the concept of ‘carbon footprint’? ago. Information for paleoclimate studies
a) Total amount carbon present in a forest comes from natural records rather than
ecosystem. instruments. In this context, consider the
following natural source:
b) Total amount of carbon captured and
1. Tree Rings
stored in one year.
2. Ice columns in polar regions
c) Total amount of greenhouse gases released 3. Fossils
by human activities. 4. Rocks
d) Total amount of carbon required to meet 5. Pollen grains
photosynthesis by a plant. How many of the above can be used for
paleoclimate studies?
Q.39) With reference to ‘Climate Forcing’, a) Only two
consider the following factors: b) Only three
1. Volcanic eruptions c) Only four
d) All five
2. Atmospheric aerosol
3. Deforestation
Q.43) Consider the following statements:
4. Decreased albedo
Statement-I: Arctic amplification refers to the
5. Increase in stratospheric ozone
expansion of ozone hole over the arctic
How many of the factors mentioned above are
region.
responsible for negative climate forcing?
Statement-II: The very low winter
a) Only two
temperatures in the Arctic stratosphere cause
b) Only three
polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) to form.
c) Only four
Which one of the following is correct in
d) All five
respect of the above statements?
a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
Q.40) With reference to Global Hunger Index
correct and Statement-II is the correct
(GHI), consider the following statements:
explanation for Statement- I
1. It is published by the Food and Agricultural
b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
Organisation (FAO).
correct and Statement-II is not the correct
2. India’s hunger score has been steadily
explanation for Statement-I
decreasing in the last decade.
c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is
3. Presently, India has the highest child
incorrect
wasting rate in the World.
d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
How many of the statements given above are
correct
correct?

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 SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Q.44) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and individuals closer, enabling instantaneous

hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are interaction across continents. Yet,
frequently encountered in the news. In this paradoxically, this very ubiquity of digital
context, consider the following statements connection heralds an era of unprecedented
with respect to difference between CFCs and isolation. As individuals tether themselves
HCFCs: more to virtual interfaces, the depth of human
1. HCFCs have a longer lifetime in the connections wanes, supplanted by a superficial
atmosphere than CFCs. engagement that skims the surface of genuine
2. HCFCs release fewer chlorine atoms as interpersonal interaction. The allure of digital
compared to CFCs when broken down. connectivity, with its promise of endless
3. CFCs have a higher Global Warming information and social interaction, masks the
Potential (GWP) than HCFCs. erosion of the social fabric that binds
4. HCFCs are more stable than CFCs. communities together. This paradox reflects a
How many of the above statements are broader dilemma: the pursuit of technological
correct? advancement, intended to augment human
a) Only one capability and connection, may inadvertently
b) Only two undermine the very essence of human social
c) Only three existence. As society grapples with these
d) All four contradictions, the question of how to
reconcile the benefits of digital progress with
Q.45) With reference to GST Appellate its potential to isolate individuals from
Tribunal (GSTAT), consider the following meaningful communal ties becomes
statements: increasingly pertinent. The challenge lies in
1. The GSTAT serves as the last forum of navigating this digital landscape in a manner
appeal for GST-related issues in India. that preserves the integrity of human
2. The appeals against the orders issued by connection, ensuring that technology serves to
the Appellate Authorities under both the enhance rather than diminish the richness of
Central and State GST Acts lie before the human interaction."
GST Appellate Tribunal.
Which of the statements given above is/are Q.46) Based on the above passage, the
correct? following assumptions have been made:
a) 1 only 1. The advancement of digital technologies
b) 2 only inherently leads to a more unified global
c) Both 1 and 2 community without any negative
d) Neither 1 nor 2 consequences.
2. Despite the ease of connectivity, digital
Directions for the following 2 (two) items: technologies can lead to a superficial level
Read the following two passages and answer of interaction that may harm the depth of
the items that follow the passages. Your human connections.
answers to these items should be based on the 3. The solution to the paradox of digital
passages only. advancement lies in the rejection of digital
technologies.
4. Recognizing and addressing the challenges
Passage-1
posed by digital technologies is crucial for
In the zenith of the digital era, humanity
maintaining meaningful human
stands at a crossroads, beholding the dual-
relationships and community ties.
edged sword of technological advancement.
Which of the above assumptions are valid?
On one hand, the proliferation of digital
a) 1 and 3 only
technologies has democratized access to
b) 2 and 4 only
information, bridging vast geographical divides
c) 1, 2, and 4 only
and fostering a semblance of global unity.
d) All of the above
Social media platforms and communication
technologies have ostensibly brought

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SFG 2024 | LEVEL 2 |Test 7 |

Passage-2 b) Climate change novels are often criticized

The narrative domain of contemporary for their scientific inaccuracies.
literature has seen a significant shift towards c) The focus on global environmental issues in
environmental concerns, marking a departure cli-fi has led to the marginalization of
from traditional explorations of human-centric personal and intimate narratives, detracting
conflicts and triumphs. This transition is from the genre’s literary depth.
particularly evident in the emergent genre of d) Traditional fiction has historically engaged
climate change fiction, or "cli-fi", which with themes of nature and environment,
confronts the looming crisis of climate change. though not with the explicit focus on the
Increasingly, authors like Margaret Atwood, climate crisis seen in cli-fi.
Paolo Bacigalupi, and Kim Stanley Robinson,
have woven the complex implications of Q.48) A classroom has chairs arranged in rows
climate change into the fabric of their stories. such that the first row has 5 chairs, and each
These authors craft narratives that extend subsequent row has 2 more chairs than the
previous row. If there are a total of 10 rows,
beyond mere cautionary tales, embedding
how many chairs are there in the classroom?
deep ecological and societal critiques within a) 100
their imagined worlds. Unlike traditional b) 120
fiction that often emphasizes individual or c) 140
national narratives, cli-fi presents a global d) 160
perspective that transcends borders, focusing
on the collective human impact on the planet Q.49) Consider the following Statements and
and the interconnected fate of all life forms. the Question:
Cli-fi challenges the conventional literary There are 8 members (G, H, I, J, K, L, M and N)
focus on human relationships and societal in a family.
structures by positioning the environment Question: Who among the following is the
itself as a central character. This narrative shift youngest member in the family?
brings to the forefront the urgent need for a Statement 1: G is older than H.
reevaluation of our relationship with the Statement 2: I is younger than J.
natural world. The genre's exploration of Statement 3: K and L are of the same age.
climate change impacts—from rising sea levels Statement 4: M is older than L.
and extreme weather events to the Statement 5: N is younger than G but older
displacement of communities and the loss of than I.
biodiversity—serves as a mirror to our Which one of the following is correct in
potential future, urging readers to confront respect of the above Question and
the ecological crisis head-on. Moreover, cli-fi Statements?
novels highlight the stark disparities in how a) Statement1, Statement 2, Statement 3 and
climate change affects various populations, Statement 4 are sufficient to answer the
with the most vulnerable communities bearing Question.
the brunt of the crisis. This aspect of cli-fi not b) Statement1, Statement 2, Statement 3 and
only broadens the narrative scope beyond the Statement 5 are sufficient to answer the
Question.
immediate effects of climate change but also
c) All five statements together are sufficient
invites readers to consider the ethical and to answer the Question.
moral dimensions of our environmental d) All five statements are not sufficient to
footprint. answer the Question.

Q.47) All of the following statements, if true, Q.50) When y is decreased by ten percent, the
would weaken the passage’s claim about the result is equal to fifteen percent of x. Assuming
both x and y are nonzero, what is the ratio of x
relationship between traditional fiction and
to y?
climate change novels EXCEPT: a) 1/6
a) Climate fiction genre makes clear b) 3
distinction between the fiction and reality. c) 6
d) 1/3

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