Vendor-Specific Model Library

PSS®E 36.1.0
June 2024
Copyright © 1997 - 2024 Siemens Industry, Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
Information in this manual and any software described herein is confidential and subject to change without notice and does not repre-
sent a commitment on the part of Siemens Industry, Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International. The software described in this
manual is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the
terms of the agreement. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, for any purpose other than the purchaser's personal use, without the express written permission of Siemens
Industry, Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International.
®
PSS E high-performance transmission planning software is a registered trademark of Siemens Industry, Inc., Siemens Power Technolo-
gies International in the United States and other countries.
® ® ®
The Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 and later operating systems, the Visual C++ development system, Microsoft Office Excel
®
and Microsoft Visual Studio are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.
® ®
The Intel Visual Fortran Compiler and Intel oneAPI Toolkit for Windows is a trademark of Intel Corporation in the United States and
other countries.
TM
The Python programming language is a trademark of the Python Software Foundation.

Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
ii
Table of Contents
General Electric Models .................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction to GE Models ........................................................................................................ 2
Modeling in Power Flow and Dynamic Simulation ....................................................................... 3
GEWTGCU1 .............................................................................................................................. 4
GEWTECU1 ............................................................................................................................... 7
GEWTPTU1 ............................................................................................................................. 15
GEWTARU1 ............................................................................................................................. 17
GEWT2MU1 ............................................................................................................................ 19
GEWTGDU1 ............................................................................................................................ 21
Vestas Models ................................................................................................................................ 22
FCVWTU1 ............................................................................................................................... 23
VIECPCU1 ............................................................................................................................... 28
VIECPCU2 ............................................................................................................................... 33
AMSC Models ................................................................................................................................. 39
CDVAR7U1 ............................................................................................................................. 40
HITACHI Models .............................................................................................................................. 44
HVDCLIGHT1 .......................................................................................................................... 45
SMA Models ................................................................................................................................... 60
SMAGFWU1 ............................................................................................................................ 61

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
iii
List of Tables
Transmission data of the PSS®E VSC Load Flow model ....................................................................... 52
Converter data of the PSS®E VSC Load Flow model ........................................................................... 53
PSS®E Load Flow model parameters used in dynamic simulation ........................................................ 54
CON values with additional explanation ........................................................................................... 55

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
iv
 Chapter 1
General Electric Models
®
This chapter contains a collection of data sheets for the General Electric models contained in the PSS E
GEMDL.DLL dynamic model library.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
1
General Electric Models Introduction to GE Models

1.1. Introduction to GE Models

®
The PSS E dynamic simulation models for GE 1.5/3.6/2.5/4.0 MW wind turbines have been successfully used
®
by numerous PSS E users around the globe. This model was designed to simulate a wind turbine employing
either a doubly fed induction generator with active control by means of a power converter in the 3-phase
wound rotor winding (DFIG unit), or a synchronous generator decoupled from the grid by a full size power
converter (FSC unit).

This set of manufacturer-specific wind models included in PSS®E allows simulation of DFIG and FSC units.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
2
General Electric Models Modeling in Power Flow and Dynamic
Simulation

1.2. Modeling in Power Flow and Dynamic Simulation

A wind turbine in power flow is treated as a windmachine and specified on the existing generator record of
the Power Flow Raw Data File. The user must consider all issues when modeling the equivalent of a wind
farm, including but not limited to:

• Deciding howmany original units will be lumped into an equivalent machine in the power flow case. For
n lumped machines, multiply the dispatch and MBASE of the original machine and the MVA of a step-up
transformer by n. Implicit representation of step-up transformers is not allowed for wind generators.

• Providing an adequate equivalent of the collector/feeder systemup to the point of interconnection.

Note that in order to use the GE wind models described in this report, the generator has to be represented
®
as a ‘Wind Machine’ in PSS E power flow.

You must also select the appropriate reactive power control of the equivalent machine in power flow:
whether it controls the terminal or remote bus voltage within its reactive capability, or a given power factor.

Remember that for power flow, the value of the machine source reactance (XSORCE) does not matter, but it
might be important for dynamic simulation. GE indicates the source impedance providing the best compli-
ance with test results should be 0.0+j0.8 pu.

For the FSC wind turbine (which is a full converter machine) units, the source reactance of the machine in
power flow should be set to a large number (for instance 99999 pu).

This chapter contains a collection of data sheets for the General Electric Wind models contained in the PSS®E
GEMDL.DLL dynamic model library.

Model Description
GEWTGCU1 GE Wind Turbine Generator/Converter
GEWTECU1 GE Wind Turbine Electrical Control
GEWTPTU1 GE Wind Turbine Pitch Control
GEWTARU1 GE Wind Turbine Aerodynamic
GEWT2MU1 GE Wind Turbine Two Mass
GEWTGDU1 GE Wind Turbine Wind Gust and Ramp

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
3
General Electric Models GEWTGCU1

1.3. GEWTGCU1
GE Wind Turbine Generator/Converter

CONs Value Description

J PRATE, rated power of the original unit, in MW
J+1 XEQ, equivalent reactance for current injection, in pu on MBASE
J+2 VLVPL1, LVPL voltage 1
J+3 VLVPL2,LVPL voltage 2
J+4 GLVPL, LVPL gain
J+5 VHVRCR2, HVRCR voltage 2
J+6 CURHVRCR2, max reactive current at VHVRCR2
J+7 VLVACR1 , low voltage active current regulation logic, voltage 1
J+8 VLVACR2, LVACR logic, voltage 2
J+9 Rip_LVPL, rate of LVACR active current change
J+10 T_LVPL, voltage sensor for LVACR time constants
J+11 LVPL 1st voltage point
J+12 LVPL 1st power point
J+13 LVPL 2nd voltage point
J+14 LVPL 2nd power point
J+15 LVPL 3rd voltage point
J+16 LVPL 3rd power point
J+17 Impedance for changing IQCMD to voltage signal

ICONs Value Description

M Number of original WTs lumped up to the model equivalent
M+1 Full converter flag

• 0 : DFIG

• 1 : FSC

STATEs Description
K Converter lag for Ipcmd
K+1 Converter lag for Eqcmd or Iqcmd
K+2 Voltage sensor for LVPL

VARs Description
L VMACC,, Vterm magnitude on previous iteration
L+1 VAACC, Vterm angle on previous iteration
L+2 deltaQ, overvoltage corr. factor

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'GEWTGCU1' 101 1 2 18 3 3 ICON(M) to ICON(M+1) CON(J) to

CON(J+17) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
4
General Electric Models GEWTGCU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
5
General Electric Models GEWTGCU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
6
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

1.4. GEWTECU1
GE Wind Turbine Electrical Control

CONs Value Description

J TFV, filter time constant in voltage regulator (sec)
J+1 KPV, proportional gain in Voltage regulator(pu)
J+2 KIV, integrator gain in Voltage regulator (pu)
J+3 RC, line drop compensation resistance (pu)
J+4 XC, line drop compensation reactance (pu)
J+5 TFP, filter time constant in Torque regulator (sec)
J+6 KPP, proportional gain in Torque regulator(pu)
J+7 KIP, integrator gain in Torque regulator (pu)
J+8 PMAX, maximum limit in Torque regulator (pu)
J+9 PMIN, minimum limit in Torque regulator (pu)
J+10 QMAX, maximum limit in Voltage regulator (pu)
J+11 QMIN, minimum limit in Voltage regulator (pu)
J+12 IPMAX, maximum active current limit (pu)
J+13 TRV, voltage sensor time constant (sec)
J+14 RPMAX, maximum power order derivative (pu)
J+15 RPMIN, minimum power order derivative (pu)
J+16 TPOWER, power reference filter time constant (sec)
J+17 KQI, Volt/MVAR gain
J+18 VMINCL, minimum voltage limit
J+19 VMAXCL, maximum voltage limit
J+20 KVI, int. voltage/terminal voltage gain
J+21 XIMIN, minimum limit
J+22 XIMAX, maximum limit
J+23 TV, lag in WindVar controller
J+24 TP, Pelec filter in fast PF controller
J+25 FN, a portion of on-line wind turbines
J+26 TPAV, Pavail filter time constant (sec)
J+27 FRA, frequency response curve
J+28 FRB, frequency response curve
J+29 FRC, frequency response curve
J+30 FRD, frequency response curve
J+31 PFRA, frequency response curve
J+32 PFRB, frequency response curve
J+33 PFRC, frequency response curve
J+34 PFRD, frequency response curve
J+35 PFRMAX, maximum Pavail
J+36 PFRMIN, minimum Pavail

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
7
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

CONs Value Description

J+37 TW, power command rate limit time constant (sec)
J+38 TLVPL, LVPL sensor (sec)
J+39 VLVPL, LVPL breakpoint
J+40 SPDW1, initial arbitrary wind speed (m/sec)
J+41 SPDWMAX, maximum wind speed (m/sec)
J+42 SPDWMIN, minimum wind speed (m/sec)
J+43 SPDLOW, low rotor speed to trip WTG
J+44 WTTHRES, high wind trip threshold
J+45 EBST, braking resistor energy threshold
J+46 KDBR, braking resistor controller gain
J+47 PDBRMAX, breaking resistor power error maximum limit
J+48 IMAXTD, converter current limit
J+49 IPHL, hard active current limit
J+50 IQHL, hard reactive current limit
J+51 TLPQD, reactive droop time constant
J+52 KQD, reactive droop gain
J+53 XQD, reactive droop synthesizing impedance
J+54 KWI, wind inertia gain
J+55 DBWI, wind inertia deadband
J+56 TLPWI, wind inertia filter time constant
J+57 TWOWI, wind inertia washout time constant
J+58 URLWI, wind inertia up rate ramp limit
J+59 DRLWI, wind inertia down rate ramp limit
J+60 PMXWI, wind inertia maximum additional power
J+61 PMNWI, wind inertia minimum additional power
J+62 VERMX, reactive power control maximum error signal
J+63 VERMN, reactive power control minimum error signal
J+64 VFRZ, reactive power control freeze voltage
J+65 QZPMX, Qmax limit in zero power mode
J+66 QZPMN, Qmin limit in zero power mode

ICONs Value Description

M Remote bus number for voltage control
M+1 PFAFLG

• 1 - if fast PF control enabled

M+2 VARFLG

• 1 - if Qord is provided by WindVar

If VARFLG=PFAFLG=0 then Qordr is provided as a Qref=const

M+3 APCFLG, active power control flag
M+4 PQFLG

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
8
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

ICONs Value Description

• 0 - Q priority

• 1 - P priority
a
M+5 Qdroop Branch "From Bus"
a
M+6 Qdroop Branch "To Bus"
M+7 Qdroop Branch "Id" (enter in single quotes)
M+8 WRFLG, wind free enabling flag
a
When zero, QELEC is used as Q-droop input

STATEs Description
K Filter in Voltage regulator
K+1 Integrator in Voltage regulator
K+2 Filter in Torque regulator
K+3 Integrator in Torque regulator
K+4 Voltage sensor
K+5 Power reference filter
K+6 Mvar/Volt integrator
K+7 Volt/Mvar integrator
K+8 Lag of the WindVar controller
K+9 Input filter of PELEC for fast PF controller
K+10 Input filter for Pavail
K+11 Power response rate limit
K+12 LVPL limit
K+13 High wind speed trip integrator
K+14 Braking resistor integrator
K+15 Filter in Reactive Droop
K+16 Filter in WindInertia
K+17 Washout in WindInertia

VARs Description
L Remote bus reference voltage
L+1 Q reference if PFAFLG=0 and VARFLG=0
L+2 PF angle reference if PFAFLG = 1
L+3 Branch MW for Qdroop
L+4 Branch Mvar for Qdroop
L+5 Branch MVA for Qdroop
L+6 dpwi, WindInertia output
L+7 Auxiliary test signal
L+8 APC Freq Relay Timer
L+9 Available power from the wind, pu on machine base
L+10 Active power control output, pu on machine base
L+11 Rotor speed for available power

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
9
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

VARs Description
L+12 Braking resistor power, pu on machine base
L+13 Signal added to WAUXSG
L+14 Real current command (WIPCMD), pu on machine base
L+15 Reactive current/voltage command (WIQCMD/WEQCMD), pu on machine base

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'GEWTECU1' 102 0 9 67 18 16 ICON(M) to ICON(M+8) CON(J)

to CON(J+66) /

Notes:

Weakening the torque control by setting Tfp=4 sec, Kpp=0.5, Kip=0.05 is recommended when the under-fre-
quency events are simulated and the WindINERTIA feature is enabled.

There are four possible configurations:

• Current North American configuration with WindVAR: VARFLG=1, PFAFLG=0, KQi small (for instance, KQi
= 0.1)

• Current North American configuration without WindVAR: VARFLG=0, PFAFLG=0, KQi very small (for in-
stance, KQi = 0.001)

• European (PFA control) with WindVAR: VARFLG=1, PFAFLG=0, KQi large (for instance, KQi = 0.5), KVi large

• European (PFA control) without WindVAR: VARFLG=0, PFAFLG=1, Specify desired PFA, KQi large (for in-
stance, KQi = 0.5), KVi large

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
10
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
11
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
12
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
13
General Electric Models GEWTECU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
14
General Electric Models GEWTPTU1

1.5. GEWTPTU1
GE Wind Turbine Pitch Control

CONs Value Description

J TP, time constant of the output lag (sec)
J+1 KPPT, proportional gain of PI regulator (pu)
J+2 KIPT, tntegrator gain of PI regulator (pu)
J+3 KPC, proportional gain of the compensator (pu)
J+4 KIC, integrator gain of the compensator (pu)
J+5 θMIN, lower pitch angle limit (degrees)
J+6 θMAX, upper pitch angle limit (degrees)
J+7 dθ/dtMIN, lower pitch angle rate limit (degrees/sec)
J+8 dθ/dtMAX, upper pitch angle rate limit (degrees/sec)
J+9 PREF, power reference

ICONs Value Description

M For internal use (user to input 0)
M+1 For internal use (user to input 0)

STATEs Description
K Output Lag
K+1 Pitch Control
K+2 Pitch compensator

VARs Description
L Initial machine rotor speed (pu)
L+1 Initial pitch angle (degrees)
L+2 Power reference

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'GEWTPTU1' 104 0 2 10 3 3 0 0 CON(J) to CON(J+9) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
15
General Electric Models GEWTPTU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
16
General Electric Models GEWTARU1

1.6. GEWTARU1
GE Wind Turbine Aerodynamics

CONs Value Description

J λMAX, maximum Lambda from Cp curves
J+1 λMIN, minimum Lambda from Cp curves
J+2 PITCHMAX, upper limit of pitch angle
J+3 PITCHMIN, lower limit of pitch angle
J+4 TA, time constant of the conversion smoothing
J+5 ρ, air density (kg/m3)
J+6 RADIUS, blade radius (meters)
J+7 GBRATIO, gear box ratio
J+* SYNCHR, synchronous rpm

ICONs Value Description

M For internal use (user to input 0)

STATEs Description
K Conversion smoothing lag

VARs Description
L K_ADJ from initialization
L+1 PITCH_INIT, Initial pitch angle
L+2 Lambda, current lambda
L+3 Cp, Current Cp

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'GEWTARU1' 105 0 1 9 1 4 0 CONs from (J) to (J+8) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
17
General Electric Models GEWTARU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
18
General Electric Models GEWT2MU1

1.7. GEWT2MU1
GE Wind Turbine Two Mass Shaft

CONs Value Description

J H, total inertia of the drive train (MW*sec/MVA)
J+1 DAMP, machine damping factor pu P/pu Speed
J+2 HTFRAC, turbine inertia fraction (Hturb/H)
J+3 FREQ1, first shaft torsional resonant frequency (Hz)
J+4 DSHAFT, shaft damping factor

ICONs Value Description

M For internal use (user to input 0)

STATEs Description
K Shaft twist angle (radians)
K+1 Turbine rotor speed deviation (pu)
K+2 Generator speed deviation (pu)
K+3 Generator angle deviation (degrees)

VARs Description
L Paero on the rotor blade side (pu)
L+1 Initial rotor slip (pu)
L+2 Initial internal angle (degrees)

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'GEWT2MU1' 103 0 1 5 4 3 0 CON(J) to CON(J+4) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
19
General Electric Models GEWT2MU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
20
General Electric Models GEWTGDU1

1.8. GEWTGDU1
GE Wind Turbine Wind Gust and Ramp

CONs Value Description

J T1G, gust start time (sec)
J+1 TG, gust duration (sec)
J+2 MAXG, Gust peak over Vwb (m/sec)
J+3 T1R, ramp start time (sec)
J+4 T2R, ramp end time (sec)
J+5 MAXR, ramp maximum over Vwb (m/sec)

ICONs Value Description

M For internal use (user to input 0)

VARs Description
L VW, Effective wind speed
L+1 VWG, gust component (m/sec)
L+2 VWR, ramp component (m/sec)
L+3 VWB, initial wind speed

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'GEWTGDU1' 106 0 1 6 0 4 0 CON(J) to CON(J+5) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
21
 Chapter 2
Vestas Models
As of February 7, 2024, Vestas has informed us that the Vestas vendor specific renewable models (FCVWTU1,
®
VIECPCU1, and VIECPCU2) included in the PSS E library are no longer representative of any Vestas product
performance. Please contact Vestas if you need model(s) that are representative of Vestas specific renewable
equipment.
®
This chapter contains a collection of data sheets for the Vestas models contained in the PSS E VSTMDL.DLL
dynamic model library.

Users are advised to contact [email protected] for any issues or questions regarding the model.

Model Description
FCVWTU1 Full Converter Vestas Wind Turbine Model
VIECPCU1 Vestas Power Plant Controller Model
VIECPCU2 Vestas Power Plant Controller Model

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
22
Vestas Models FCVWTU1

2.1. FCVWTU1
Full Converter Vestas Wind Turbine Model
ICONs Value Description
M Number of active power modules
M+1 FRT Qcontrol Flag: Enable = 1, Disable = 0
a
M+2 bus_from, bus for voltage measurement
M+3 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+4 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+5 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+6 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+7 Internal icon (please enter 0)
a
If bus_from set equal to zero or if the specified branch is not in the case the wind turbine output will be used.

CONs Value Description

J WTG rated power (kW)
J+1 Nominal WTG LV terminal voltage (V)
J+2 Ramp Up limiter for active power (W/s)
J+3 Ramp Down limiter for active power (W/s)
J+4 Up limit for reactive power (Var)
J+5 Low limit for reactive power (Var)
J+6 Proportional gain of active power loop
J+7 Active power loop gain in regard to integrator component
J+8 Proportional gain of reactive power loop
J+9 Reactive power loop gain in regard to integrator component
J+10 Grid Side Filter Capacitance, (Farad)
J+11 Line Side Converter Rated Current per Module (A)
J+12 Internal used
J+13 Internal used
J+14 Limit for P during LVRT (pu)
J+15 Freq time constant(s)
J+16 Bandwidth of active power reference filter (Hz)
J+17 Bandwidth of reactive power reference filter (Hz)
J+18 Ramp up rate limiter for active power reference (kW/s)
J+19 Ramp down rate limiter for active power reference (kW/s)
J+20 Ramp up rate limiter for reactive power reference (Var/s)
J+21 Ramp down rate limiter for reactive power reference (Var/s)
J+22 Time constant for voltage measurement input (s)
J+23 Qcap_Max_VwtgLV_1 (Var)
J+24 Qcap_Max_VwtgLV_5 (Var)
J+25 Qcap_Max (Var)
J+26 Qind_Min (Var)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
23
Vestas Models FCVWTU1

CONs Value Description

J+27 Qind_Min_VwtgLV_1 (Var)
J+28 Qind_Min_VwtgLV_5 (Var)
J+29 VwtgLV_1 (pu)
J+30 VwtgLV_2 (p.u)
J+31 VwtgLV_3 (pu)
J+32 VwtgLV_4 (pu)
J+33 VwtgLV_5 (pu)
J+34 PbwtgLV_1 (kW)
J+35 PbwtgLV_2 (kW)
J+36 PbwtgLV_3 (kW)
J+37 PbwtgLV_4 (kW)
J+38 PbwtgLV_5 (kW)
J+39 PewtgLV_1 (kW)
J+40 PewtgLV_2 (kW)
J+41 PewtgLV_3 (kW)
J+42 PewtgLV_4 (kW)
J+43 PewtgLV_5 (kW)
J+44 QcwtgLV_1 (kVar)
J+45 QcwtgLV_2 (kVar)
J+46 QcwtgLV_3 (kVar)
J+47 QcwtgLV_4 (kVar)
J+48 QcwtgLV_5 (kVar)
J+49 QdwtgLV_1 (kVar)
J+50 QdwtgLV_2 (kVar)
J+51 QdwtgLV_3 (kVar)
J+52 QdwtgLV_4 (kVar)
J+53 QdwtgLV_5 (kVar)
J+54 Tpfilt_PC (s)
J+55 PoRS_RateLimAvailPowO ffsetPU (pu)
J+56 PoRS_FRBRampDown Rate, (pu/s)
J+57 PoRS_RateLimPowRefPU sSlow, (pu/s)
J+58 PoRS_RateLimPowRefPU sNormalDown (pu/s)
J+59 PoRS_RateLimPowRefPU sNormalUp, (pu/s)
J+60 PcwtgLV_1 (kW)
J+61 PcwtgLV_2 (kW)
J+62 PcwtgLV_3 (kW)
J+63 PcwtgLV_4 (kW)
J+64 PcwtgLV_5 (kW)
J+65 PdwtgLV_1 (kW)
J+66 PdwtgLV_2 (kW)
J+67 PdwtgLV_3 (kW)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
24
Vestas Models FCVWTU1

CONs Value Description

J+68 PdwtgLV_4 (kW)
J+69 PdwtgLV_5 (kW)
J+70 QfwtgLV_1 (kVar)
J+71 QfwtgLV_2 (kVar)
J+72 QfwtgLV_3 (kVar)
J+73 QfwtgLV_4 (kVar)
J+74 QfwtgLV_5 (kVar)
J+75 QgwtgLV_1 (kVar)
J+76 QgwtgLV_2 (kVar)
J+77 QgwtgLV_3 (kVar)
J+78 QgwtgLV_4 (kVar)
J+79 QgwtgLV_5 (kVar)
J+80 Slope of LVRT curve
J+81 Upper limit of reactive current (pu)
J+82 Lower limit of reactive current (pu)
J+83 Current Overload Factor (pu)
J+84 Ramp up rate for reactive current injection (pu/s)
J+85 Ramp down rate for reactive current injection (pu/s)
J+86 Slope limiter for active current injection (pu/s)
J+87 60 s moving average voltage filter constant
J+88 Up limit of 60s moving average filtered voltage (pu)
J+89 Low limit of 60s moving average filtered voltage (pu)
J+90 Slope of OV portion on LVRT curve
J+91 Asymmetrical reduction deadband (pu)
J+92 Asymmetrical reduction factor
J+93 Asymmetrical reduction limit (pu)
J+94 Reactive current offset (pu)
J+95 MV transformer compensation (pu)
J+96 Voltage negative sequence (pu)
J+97 LVRT entering threshold (pu)
J+98 LVRT leaving threshold (pu)
J+99 HVRT entering threshold (pu)
J+100 HVRT leaving threshold (pu)
J+101 PQ regain time (s)
J+102 U_HL_LIM
J+103 U_LL_LIM
J+104 ReactiveCurrentLimit Point1U (p.u)
J+105 ReactiveCurrentLimit Point2U (pu)
J+106 Reactive Current LimitP
J+107 ReactiveCurrentLimit Point5U (p.u)
J+108 ActiveCurrentLimit Zone3U2 (pu)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
25
Vestas Models FCVWTU1

CONs Value Description

J+109 ActiveCurrentLimit Zone3U1 (pu)
J+110 ActiveCurrentLimit Zone2U2 (pu)
J+111 ActiveCurrentLimit Zone2U1 (pu)
J+112 ActiveCurrentLimit Zone3I (pu)
J+113 ActiveCurrentLimit Zone2I (pu)
J+114 ReactiveCurrentLimit Point1I (pu)
J+115 ReactiveCurrentLimit Point2I (pu)
J+116 ReactiveCurrentLimit Point5I, (p.u)
J+117 Qref Derate1 (pu)
J+118 Qref Derate2 (pu)
J+119 Qref Derate3 (pu)
J+120 Qref Derate4 (pu)
J+121 Delay_10ms
J+122 Bandwidth of low pass filter for active power (Hz)
J+123 Bandwidth of low pass filter for reactive power (Hz)
J+124 Time constant of low pass filter for voltage (s)

STATEs Description
K Integrator for active power control loop
K+1 Integrator for reactive power control loop
K+2 PLL PI control
K+3 PLL Angle
K+4 Frequency filter
K+5 P Filter
K+6 Q Filter
K+7 V filter
K+8 Pref filter
K+9 Integrator 2 for active power reference used in production controller (down)
K+10 Integrator 3 for active power reference used in production controller (up)
K+11 60 s moving average filterred voltage (p.u)
K+12 Voltage filter state 10ms moving average filter
K+13 Integrator for active power reference
K+14 Integrator for reactive power reference
K+15 Integrator for voltage measurement input

VARs Description
L Active power reference after PQ chart (pu)
L+1 Reactive power reference after PQ chart (pu)
L+2 Calculated FRT active current injection (pu)
L+3 Calculated FRT reactive current Injection (pu)
L+4 Active power reference after rate limiter (W)
L+5 Reactive power reference after saturation (Var)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
26
Vestas Models FCVWTU1

VARs Description
L+6 Filtered bus voltage angle
L+7 WTG active current injection (p.u)
L+8 WTG reactive current injection (p.u)
L+9 Real current injection
L+10 Reactive current injection
L+11 FRT status of WTG (0/1/2)
L+12 Loadflow Pgen
L+13 Active power reference after limiter (pu)
L+14 Available capacitive WTG reactive power (pu)
L+15 Available inductive WTG reactive power (pu)
L+16 Final P ref after PQ chart (pu)
L+17 Final Q ref after PQ chart (pu)
L+18 Active power reference after ramp rate limiter (kW)
L+19 Reactive power reference after ramp rate (Var)
L+20 rPref_lim_temp_kW
L+21 rVINP_PowUpInteg_kW
L+22 rVINP_PowDownInteg_kW
L+23 FRT reactive current injection (pu)
L+24 FRT active current injection (pu)
L+25 rFRT_Ireact_pu (pre-ramp rate)
L+26 Trigger for time counter during PQ regain after LVRT (s)
L+27 Trigger for time counter during PQ regain after HVRT (s)
L+28 Measurement filtered power
L+29 Filtered Q
L+30 Filtered V

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'FCVWTU1' 101 1 8 125 16 31 ICON(M) to

ICON(M+7) CON(J) to CON(J+124) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
27
Vestas Models VIECPCU1

2.2. VIECPCU1
Vestas - IEC 61400-27 Power Plant Controller (PPC)

ICONs Value Description

M mwpqmode, plant controller mode (Note 1)

• 0: Q control

• 1: Power Factor Control

• 2: Reactive Power Control using voltage

• 3: Voltage Control
M+1 bus_vmeas, bus for voltage measurement (Note 2)
M+2 bus_from, bus for voltage measurement (Note 3)
M+3 bus_to, to bus for power measurement
M+4 Branch ID of bus_from to bus_to branch (enter in single quotes)
M+5 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+6 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+7 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+8 Internal icon (please enter 0)

CONs Value Description

J TXFT, (s) lead time constant in transfer block (Note 4)
J+1 TXFV, (s) lag time constant in transfer block
J+2 dxrefmax, maximum change rate transfer block (pu/sec) (Note 5)
J+3 dxrefmin, minimum change rate transfer block (pu/sec)
J+4 Kwpqref, gain for plant reference Q
J+5 Kpwpx, Q/V PI controller proportional gain
J+6 Kiwpx, Q/V PI controller integral gain
J+7 Kiwpxmax, maximum value of PI integrator block output (pu)
J+8 Kiwpxmin, minimum value of PI integrator block output
J+9 SCR value at Point of Interconnection
J+10 Twppfiltq (s), time constant for plant P measurement
J+11 Twpufiltq (s), time constant for plant voltage measurement
J+12 Twpqfiltq (s), time constant for plant Q measurement
J+13 rwpdrop, resistive component of voltage drop impedance
J+14 xwpdrop, reactive component of voltage drop impedance
J+15 Tuqfilt (s), time constant for voltage error
J+16 vslopex1, First x point for Vslope control (pu) (Note 6)
J+17 vslopex2, Second x point for Vslope control (pu)
J+18 vslopex3, Third x point for Vslope control (pu)
J+19 vslopex4, Fourth x point for Vslope control (pu)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
28
Vestas Models VIECPCU1

CONs Value Description

J+20 vslopey1, First y point for Vslope control (pu) (Note 7)
J+21 vslopey2, Second y point for Vslope control (pu)
J+22 vslopey3, Third y point for Vslope control (pu)
J+23 vslopey4, Fourth y point for Vslope control (pu)
J+24 vslope, Slope for voltage control
J+25 vmaxerrover, Maximum voltage error in Vslope control (pu) (Note 8)
J+26 vmaxerrunder, Minimum voltage error in Vslope control (pu)
J+27 basemult, Power base multiplier for Vslope control
J+28 Kwpqu, Voltage controller cross coupling gain (pu)
J+29 Vdb, voltage deadband for mwpqmode = 3 (twice the width of dead-
band)
J+30 uwpqdip, Voltage threshold for UVRT detection (pu) (Note 9)
J+31 uwpqdipR, LVRT exit level (pu)
J+32 FreezeTimeQ (s), Reactive power leave freeze delay
J+33 Tpft (s), lead time constant in P transfer block
J+34 Tpfv (s), lag time constant in P transfer block
J+35 prefmax, max value for P transfer block (pu) (Note 10)
J+36 prefmin, min value for P transfer block (pu)
J+37 dprefmax, max change rate P transfer block (pu/s) (Note 11)
J+38 dprefmin, min change rate P transfer block (pu/s)
J+39 Kwppref, Real power reference gain (pu)
J+40 Kpwpp, Real power controller proportional gain (pu)
J+41 Kiwpp, Real power controller integral gain (pu)
J+42 Kiwppmax, max value of P PI integrator (Note 12)
J+43 Kiwppmin, min value of P PI integrator (pu)
J+44 twppfiltp (s), Filter time constant for P measurement
J+45 twpffiltp (s), Filter time constant for frequency measurement
J+46 pbiasx1, First x point in power vs frequency table (Note 13)
J+47 pbiasx2, Second x point in power vs frequency table
J+48 pbiasx3, Third x point in power vs frequency table
J+49 pbiasx4, Fourth x point in power vs frequency table
J+50 pbiasy1, First y point in power vs frequency table
J+51 pbiasy2, Second y point in power vs frequency table
J+52 pbiasy3, Third y point in power vs frequency table
J+53 pbiasy4, Fourth y point in power vs frequency table
J+54 dpwprefmax, Maximum rate for WP power reference (Note 14)
J+55 dpwprefmin, Maximum rate for WP power reference (Note 15)
J+56 FreezeTimeP (s), Real power leave freeze delay

STATEs Description
K WT Q into controller filter block (s0)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
29
Vestas Models VIECPCU1

STATEs Description
K+1 Limited integrator in PI controller (s1)
K+2 Lead lag transfer function for Q/V output (s2)
K+3 error voltage filter block for mwpqmode = 2 (s3)
K+4 Voltage from reference bus filter block (s4)
K+5 WT P into controller filter block (s5)
K+6 WT P into filter block for P controller (s6)
K+7 Limited integrator in PI controller (s7)
K+8 Lead lag transfer function for P output (s8)
K+9 Frequency filter block in P controller (s9)

VARs Description
L Maximum Q available, pu on MBASE
L+1 uwp (pu), voltage at wind plant reference bus
L+2 pwp (pu on MBASE), real power in reference branch
L+3 qwp (pu on MBASE), reactive power in reference branch
L+4 Real power from wind turbine (pu on MBASE)
L+5 Reactive power from wind turbine (pu on MBASE)
L+6 Pwpref_ramp, reference Q after checking rate of change
L+7 Minimum Q available (pu on MBASE)
L+8 qwpref, controller reference reactive power (pu on MBASE)
L+9 uwpref (pu), controller reference voltage
L+10 pwpref, controller reference real power,(pu MBASE)
L+11 uwpdrop Voltage at reference point with drop
L+12 freeze_xref, freeze on integrator in Q cntl 0 or 1(freeze)
L+13 Voltage error before deadband and qwp(err) block (pu)
L+14 freeze_pref, freeze on integrator in P control 0 or 1(freeze)
L+15 tan(phiwpinit) from loadflow, Q/P, loadflow power factor
L+16 Voltage error after deadband (pu)
L+17 Gain correction
L+18 Used in Q freeze time calculation
L+19 Used in P freeze time calculation
L+20 Fquvrt, P undervoltage freeze state, 1 is freeze on
L+21 Fpuvrt, Q undervoltage freeze state, 1 is freeze on

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'VIECPCU1' 107 0 9 57 10 22 ICON(M) to

ICON(M+8) CON(J) to CON(J+56) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
30
Vestas Models VIECPCU1

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
31
Vestas Models VIECPCU1

Notes:

1. If mwpqmode not equal 0, 1, 2 or 3 it will be set to 0

2. If bus_vmeas is set equal to zero or to a bus number not in the case the voltage at the local bus will
be used

3. If bus_from is set equal to zero or if the specified branch is not in the case the wind turbine output will
be used

4. Time constants must be >= 0, or they will be set to zero

5. If dxrefmax is less than dxrefmin, the values will be interchanged

6. Used only with mwpqmode = 2; in which case the four vslopex values must be separated by at least
0.001 pu to prevent division by zero errors

7. Used only with mwpqmode = 2. The four y values must be monotonically increasing (or decreasing)
except when vslopey2 is set equal to vslopey3 to create deadband

8. If maxerrover is less than minerrover, the values will be interchanged

9. If uwpqdip greater than uwpqdipR, the values will be interchanged

10. If prefmax is less than prefmin, the values will be interchanged

11. If dprefmax is less than dprefmin, the values will be interchanged

12. If Kiwppmax is less than Kiwppmin, the values will be interchanged

13. The four pbiasx values must be monotonically increasing and separated by at least 0.0001. The pbiasy
values must be monotonically increasing (or decreasing) except when pbiasy2 is set equal to pbiasy3
to create deadband

14. dpwprefmax must be greater than 0.0. If not it will be set to 10.0

15. dpwprefmin must be less than 0.0. If not it will be set to -10.0

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
32
Vestas Models VIECPCU2

2.3. VIECPCU2
Vestas - IEC 61400-27 Power Plant Controller (PPC)
ICONs Value Description
M mwpqmode, plant controller mode (Note 1)

• 0: Q control

• 1: Power Factor Control

• 2: Reactive Power Control using voltage

• 3: Voltage Control
M+1 bus_vmeas, bus for voltage measurement (Note 2)
M+2 bus_from, bus for voltage measurement (Note 3)
M+3 bus_to, to bus for power measurement
M+4 Branch ID of bus_from to bus_to branch (enter in single quotes)
M+5 Qcmd_optn_frz: Q command options in Q control freeze state

• 1: Linear function of voltage error and active power

• 2: Zero (unity power factor)

• 3: Pre-freeze value
M+6 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+7 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+8 Internal icon (please enter 0)
M+9 Internal icon (please enter 0)
CONs Value Description
J TXFT, (s) lead time constant in transfer block (Note 4)
J+1 TXFV, (s) lag time constant in transfer block
J+2 dxrefmax, maximum change rate transfer block (pu/sec) (Note 5)
J+3 dxrefmin, minimum change rate transfer block (pu/sec)
J+4 Kwpqref, gain for plant reference Q
J+5 Kpwpx, Q/V PI controller proportional gain
J+6 Kiwpx, Q/V PI controller integral gain
J+7 Kiwpxmax, maximum value of PI integrator block output (pu)
J+8 Kiwpxmin, minimum value of PI integrator block output
J+9 SCR value at Point of Interconnection
J+10 Twppfiltq (s), time constant for plant P measurement
J+11 Twpufiltq (s), time constant for plant voltage measurement
J+12 Twpqfiltq (s), time constant for plant Q measurement
J+13 rwpdrop, resistive component of voltage drop impedance
J+14 xwpdrop, reactive component of voltage drop impedance
J+15 Tuqfilt (s), time constant for voltage error

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
33
Vestas Models VIECPCU2

CONs Value Description

J+16 vslopex1, First x point for Vslope control (pu) (Note 6)
J+17 vslopex2, Second x point for Vslope control (pu)
J+18 vslopex3, Third x point for Vslope control (pu)
J+19 vslopex4, Fourth x point for Vslope control (pu)
J+20 vslopey1, First y point for Vslope control (pu) (Note 7)
J+21 vslopey2, Second y point for Vslope control (pu)
J+22 vslopey3, Third y point for Vslope control (pu)
J+23 vslopey4, Fourth y point for Vslope control (pu)
J+24 vslope, Slope for voltage control
J+25 vmaxerrover, Maximum voltage error in Vslope control (pu) (Note 8)
J+26 vmaxerrunder, Minimum voltage error in Vslope control (pu)
J+27 basemult, Power base multiplier for Vslope control
J+28 Kwpqu, Voltage controller cross coupling gain (pu)
J+29 Vdb, voltage deadband for mwpqmode = 3 (twice the width of dead-
band)
J+30 uwpqdip, Voltage threshold for UVRT detection (pu) (Note 9)
J+31 uwpqdipR, LVRT exit level (pu)
J+32 FreezeTimeQ (s), Reactive power leave freeze delay
J+33 Tpft (s), lead time constant in P transfer block
J+34 Tpfv (s), lag time constant in P transfer block
J+35 prefmax, max value for P transfer block (pu) (Note 10)
J+36 prefmin, min value for P transfer block (pu)
J+37 dprefmax, max change rate P transfer block (pu/s) (Note 11)
J+38 dprefmin, min change rate P transfer block (pu/s)
J+39 Kwppref, Real power reference gain (pu)
J+40 Kpwpp, Real power controller proportional gain (pu)
J+41 Kiwpp, Real power controller integral gain (pu)
J+42 Kiwppmax, max value of P PI integrator (Note 12)
J+43 Kiwppmin, min value of P PI integrator (pu)
J+44 twppfiltp (s), Filter time constant for P measurement
J+45 twpffiltp (s), Filter time constant for frequency measurement
J+46 pbiasx1, First x point in power vs frequency table (Note 13)
J+47 pbiasx2, Second x point in power vs frequency table
J+48 pbiasx3, Third x point in power vs frequency table
J+49 pbiasx4, Fourth x point in power vs frequency table
J+50 pbiasy1, First y point in power vs frequency table
J+51 pbiasy2, Second y point in power vs frequency table
J+52 pbiasy3, Third y point in power vs frequency table
J+53 pbiasy4, Fourth y point in power vs frequency table
J+54 dpwprefmax, Maximum rate for WP power reference (Note 14)
J+55 dpwprefmin, Maximum rate for WP power reference (Note 15)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
34
Vestas Models VIECPCU2

CONs Value Description

J+56 FreezeTimeP (s), Real power leave freeze delay
J+57 db1 (pu), Voltage deadband in Qcmd freeze logics
J+58 Klvrt (pu), gain on real power, in Qcmd freeze logics
J+59 Klvrt_DV (pu), gain on voltage error, in Qcmd freeze logics
J+60 trackstp1, time step for tracking STATE(K+1) (Note 16)
J+61 trackstp3, time step for tracking STATE(K+3) (Note 16)

STATEs Description
K WT Q into controller filter block (s0)
K+1 Limited integrator in PI controller (s1)
K+2 Lead lag transfer function for Q/V output (s2)
K+3 error voltage filter block for mwpqmode = 2 (s3)
K+4 Voltage from reference bus filter block (s4)
K+5 WT P into controller filter block (s5)
K+6 WT P into filter block for P controller (s6)
K+7 Limited integrator in PI controller (s7)
K+8 Lead lag transfer function for P output (s8)
K+9 Frequency filter block in P controller (s9)

VARs Description
L Maximum Q available, pu on MBASE
L+1 uwp (pu), voltage at wind plant reference bus
L+2 pwp (pu on MBASE), real power in reference branch
L+3 qwp (pu on MBASE), reactive power in reference branch
L+4 Real power from wind turbine (pu on MBASE)
L+5 Reactive power from wind turbine (pu on MBASE)
L+6 Pwpref_ramp, reference Q after checking rate of change
L+7 Minimum Q available (pu on MBASE)
L+8 qwpref, controller reference reactive power (pu on MBASE)
L+9 uwpref (pu), controller reference voltage
L+10 pwpref, controller reference real power,(pu MBASE)
L+11 uwpdrop Voltage at reference point with drop
L+12 freeze_xref, freeze on integrator in Q cntl 0 or 1(freeze)
L+13 Voltage error before deadband and qwp(err) block (pu)
L+14 freeze_pref, freeze on integrator in P control 0 or 1(freeze)
L+15 Cos(phiwpinit) from load flow, load flow power factor
L+16 Voltage error after deadband (pu)
L+17 Gain correction
L+18 Used in Q freeze time calculation
L+19 Used in P freeze time calculation
L+20 Fquvrt, P undervoltage freeze state, 1 is freeze on

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
35
Vestas Models VIECPCU2

VARs Description
L+21 Fpuvrt, Q undervoltage freeze state, 1 is freeze on
L+22 Input to Q controller transfer block after limit
L+23 Track STATE(K+1) time of latest step
L+24 Track STATE(K+1) latest step value
L+25 Track STATE(K+1) interim step value
L+26 Track STATE(K+1) interim step value
L+27 Track STATE(K+1) interim step value
L+28 Track STATE(K+1) oldest step value
L+29 Track STATE(K+3) time of latest step
L+30 Track STATE(K+3) latest step value
L+31 Track STATE(K+3) interim step value
L+32 Track STATE(K+3) interim step value
L+33 Track STATE(K+3) oldest step value
L+34 Track STATE(K+3) oldest step value

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'VIECPCU2' 107 0 10 62 10 35 ICON(M) to

ICON(M+9) CON(J) to CON(J+61) /

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
36
Vestas Models VIECPCU2

Notes:

1. If mwpqmode not equal 0, 1, 2 or 3 it will be set to 0

2. If bus_vmeas set equal to zero or to a bus number not in the case the voltage at the local bus will be used

3. If bus_from set equal to zero or if the specified branch is not in the case the wind turbine output will
be used

4. Time constants must be >= 0, or will be set to zero

5. If dxrefmax is less than dxrefmin, the values will be interchanged

6. Used only with mwpqmode = 2; in which case the four vslopex values must be separated by at least
0.001 pu to prevent division by zero errors

7. Used only with mwpqmode = 2. The four y values must be monotonically increasing (or decreasing)
except when vslopey2 is set equal to vslopey3 to create deadband

8. If maxerrover is less than minerrover, the values will be interchanged

9. If uwpqdip greater than uwpqdipR, the values will be interchanged

10. If prefmax is less than prefmin, the values will be interchanged

11. If dprefmax is less than dprefmin, the values will be interchanged

12. If Kiwppmax is less than Kiwppmin, the values will be interchanged

13. The four pbiasx values must be monotonically increasing and separated by at least 0.0001. The pbiasy
values must be monotonically increasing (or decreasing) except when pbiasy2 is set equal to pbiasy3
to create deadband

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
37
Vestas Models VIECPCU2

14. dpwprefmax must be greater than 0.0. If not it will be set to 10.0

15. dpwprefmin must be less than 0.0. If not it will be set to -10.0

16. Users must enter a value >= 5*DELT. If entered value is greater than 5*DELT, the entered value will be
used.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
38
 Chapter 3
AMSC Models
®
This chapter contains a collection of data sheets for the AMSC models contained in the PSS E AMSCMDL.DLL
dynamic model library.

Users are advised to contact [email protected] for any issues or questions regarding the model.

Model Description
CDVAR7U1 AMSC D-VAR Model

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
39
AMSC Models CDVAR7U1

3.1. CDVAR7U1
AMSC D-VAR Model
ICONs Value Description
M STATCOM Control Mode:

• 0: Voltage control

• 1: Power Factor Control

• 2: Constant Susceptance Output

• 3: Constant VAR Output

M+1 Reg Bus: Bus number for Regulation Voltage control
M+2 Bus_01 is bus number for D-VAR MV Bus
M+3 Trans_Bus: Bus number for Transient Voltage control
M+4 CT01_Frm-Bus: This is the From bus number for defining the CT01
flow. It is only needed if the Power Factor or Constant VAR regulation
modes are desired. A value of '0' means to ignore CT inputs
M+5 CT01_To-Bus: This is the to bus number for defining the CT01 flow. It
is only needed if the Power Factor or Constant VAR regulation modes
are desired
M+6 CT01_CKT-ID: This is the circuit id to use for CT01. A value of -1 means
to use the cumulative current flowing from the FROM bus to the TO
bus. It is only needed if the Power Factor or Constant VAR regulation
modes are desired.
M+7 TRSN_ONLY_FLAG: Default = 0
M+8 UK_DROOP : Droop based on measured Vars (add 0 or 1)
M+9 DRP_INCL_SVAR, 0 include SVAR ( 0 = Default, 1 = do not include)
M+10 Bus ID - Shunt01
M+11 Shunt01 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+12 Bus ID - Shunt02
M+13 Shunt02 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+14 Bus ID - Shunt03
M+15 Shunt03 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+16 Bus ID - Shunt04
M+17 Shunt04 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+18 Bus ID - Shunt05
M+19 Shunt05 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+20 Bus ID - Shunt06
M+21 Shunt06 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+22 Bus ID - Shunt07
M+23 Shunt07 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+24 Bus ID - Shunt08
M+25 Shunt08 ID (enter in single quotes)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
40
AMSC Models CDVAR7U1

ICONs Value Description

M+26 Bus ID - Shunt09
M+27 Shunt09 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+28 Bus ID - Shunt10
M+29 Shunt10 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+30 Bus ID - Shunt11
M+31 Shunt11 ID (enter in single quotes)
M+32 Bus ID - Shunt12
M+33 Shunt12 ID (enter in single quotes)

CONs Value Description

J VREF: This is the D-VAR STATCOM’s regulation voltage target (puV).
For a flat STRT, set to 0.0.
J+1 RG_BST_DRP : Droop for Boost Regulation Mode (puV/puA)
J+2 RG_BST_ON: Turn On Delta for Boost Regulation Mode (puV)
J+3 RG_BST_TRG: Target Delta for Boost Regulation Mode (puV)
J+4 RG_BCK_DRP : Droop for Buck Regulation Mode (puV)
J+5 RG_BCK_ON: Turn On Delta for Buck Regulation Mode (puV)
J+6 RG_BCK_TRG: Target Delta for Buck Regulation Mode (puV)
J+7 RG_KP : Proportional Gain
J+8 RG_KI : Integral Gain
J+9 SRATED: D-VAR STATCOM Rating (MVAr)
J+10 UK_DRP_MVAR : Range for applying Measured Droop (MVAR)
J+11 TRSN_BST_DRP : Droop for Boost Transient Mode (puV/puA)
J+12 TRSN_BST_ON: Turn On Delta for Boost Transient Mode (puV)
J+13 TRSN_BST_TRG: Target Delta for Boost Transient Mode (puV)
J+14 TRSN_BST_HLIM: Hard Limit for Boost Transient Mode (puV)
J+15 TRSN_BCK_DRP : Droop for Buck Transient Mode (puV/puA)
J+16 TRSN_BCK_ON: Turn On Delta for Buck Transient Mode (puV)
J+17 TRSN_BCK_TRG: Target Delta for Buck Transient Mode (puV)
J+18 TRSN_BCK_HLIM: Hard Limit for Buck Transient Mode (puV)
J+19 TRSN_KP : Proportional Gain for Transient Mode
J+20 TRSN_KI : Integral Gain for Transient Mode
J+21 KOL : Maximum D-VAR Overload Rating (puA)
J+22 TOVLD : Maximum Duration of Available Overload Continuous Rating
(s)
J+23 TBACK: Time for ramping back maximum overload to continuous rat-
ing (s)
J+24 VINHIBIT: Minimum voltage for operation of D-VAR (puV)
J+25 PFREF : Power Factor Target
J+26 PF_KP : Proportional Gain for Power Factor
J+27 PF_KI : Gain for Power Factor
J+28 QREF: Constant MVAR target at measured point (MVar)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
41
AMSC Models CDVAR7U1

CONs Value Description

J+29 SUSP_OFFSET: Constant Susceptance Target (MVar)
J+30 HL_Droop, Droop value below Transient hard limits
J+31 Fast_Timeout: Transition time from Transient to regulation (s)
J+32 SUSP_RATE: Susceptance Slew Rate (puA/s)
J+33 MVAR_RATE: Constant MVAR Slew Rate (puA/s)
J+34 ShuntI1 (I1 < 0) (puA)
J+35 ShuntT1 (s)
J+36 ShuntI1 (I1 < I2 < 0) (puA)
J+37 ShuntT2 (s)
J+38 ShuntI3 (I3 > 0) (puA)
J+39 ShuntT3 (s)
J+40 ShuntI4 (I3 > I4 > 0) (puA)
J+41 Shunt T4 (s)
J+42 Shunt Switch Close-Delay (ms)
J+43 Shunt Switch Open-Delay (ms)
J+44 Shunt01 Rating (kVAr)
J+45 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+46 Shunt02 Rating (kVAr)
J+47 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+48 Shunt03 Rating (kVAr)
J+49 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+50 Shunt04 Rating (kVAr)
J+51 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+52 Shunt05 Rating (kVAr)
J+53 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+54 Shunt06 Rating (kVAr)
J+55 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+56 Shunt07 Rating (kVAr)
J+57 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+58 Shunt08 Rating (kVAr)
J+59 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+60 Shunt09 Rating (kVAr)
J+61 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+62 Shunt10 Rating (kVAr)
J+63 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+64 Shunt11 Rating (kVAr)
J+65 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+66 Shunt12 Rating (kVAr)
J+67 Shunt Discharge time (s) (For Capacitor Banks Only)
J+68 VC_LIMIT: Voltage Compliance Limit (puV)
J+69 VC_SLOPE: Voltage Compliance Slope (puA/puV)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
42
AMSC Models CDVAR7U1

STATEs Description
K STATCOM Main PI Controller Integrator (puA)

VARs Description
L AVR Mode – D-VAR Buck/Boost State
L+1 POUT Real power output of the D-VAR STATCOM (p.u. value on SBASE)
L+2 QOUT, Reactive power output of the D-VAR STATCOM (p.u. value on SBASE)
L+3 VAC_OWN, D-VAR STATCOM’s 480 bus voltage (puV)
L+4 VAC_CONTR, Control bus AC voltage (puV)
L+5 VAC_REGULATION, Regulation Control bus AC voltage (puV)
L+6 VAC_TRANSIENT, Transient Control Bus AC voltage (puV)
L+7 I_DVAR, per unit current on D-VAR STATCOM’s own MVA base (puA)
L+8 VREF_DVAR, Reference Voltage Active Target Before Droop (puV)
L+9 VAC, Measured Bus Voltage (puV )
L+10 to L Internal Vars
+123

'FACTS Device Name' 'USRFCT' 'CDVAR7U1' 21 1 34 70 1 124

ICON(M) to ICON(M+33) CON(J) to CON(J+69) /

Notes:

1. The Transient Voltage Control Bus (if unavailable) is set to be same as Regulation Voltage Control Bus
and vice versa.

2. The DVAR MV Bus (if unavailable) is set to be same as Transient Voltage Control Bus.

3. Shunts 01 through 12 should be modeled as Fixed Shunts.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
43
 Chapter 4
HITACHI Models
®
This chapter contains a collection of data sheets for the HITACHI models contained in the PSS E hitachimdl.dll
dynamic model library.

Users are advised to contact Hitachi at [email protected] for any issues or questions regarding
the model.

Model Description
HVDCLIGHT1 HITACHI Energy HVDC Light Model

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
44
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

4.1. HVDCLIGHT1
Hitachi Energy HVDC Light Model

ICONs Value Description

M Conv 1 AcvCtrl_1,

• 0= reactive power control

• 1= AC voltage control
M+1 Conv 1 FvCtrl_1, Islanded network control

• 0= disabled

• 1= enabled
M+2 Conv 1 ChopCtrl_1, Chopper control activation

• 0= disabled

• 1= enabled
M+3 Conv 1 V_Supp_Enable_1, Voltage Support control

• 0= disabled

• 1= enabled

• If special characteristics during low and high AC voltage wanted,

set to 1
M+4 Conv 1 TapSide_1, Tap changer position

• 0= Tap on the Converter side

• 1= Tap on the Primary side

M+5 Conv 1 PosTaps_1, Number of positive tap positions
M+6 Conv 1 NegTaps_1, Number of negative tap positions
M+7 Conv 1 TapPos_1, tap position, if outside PosTaps and NegTaps then
automatically initiated, 100 is recommended for automatic initializa-
tion
M+8 Conv 2 AcvCtrl_2,

• 0= reactive power control

• 1= AC voltage control
M+9 Conv 2 FvCtrl_2, Islanded network control

• 0= disabled

• 1= enabled
M+10 Conv 2 ChopCtrl_2, Chopper control activation

• 0= disabled

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
45
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

ICONs Value Description

• 1= enabled
M+11 Conv 2 V_Supp_Enable_2, Voltage Support control

• 0= disabled

• 1= enabled

• If special characteristics during low and high AC voltage wanted,

set to 1
M+12 Conv 2 TapSide_2, Tap changer position

• 0= Tap on the Converter side

• 1= Tap on the Primary side

M+13 Conv 2 PosTaps_2, Number of positive tap positions
M+14 Conv 2 NegTaps_2, Number of negative tap positions
M+15 Conv 2 TapPos_2, tap position, if outside PosTaps and NegTaps then
automatically initiated, 100 is recommended for automatic initializa-
tion
M+16 Asymmetrical, DC system type

• 0= symmetric

• 1= asymmetrical
M+17 FaultNode, DC system fault node, set to zero initially.

If negative: a fault plus an open “DC breaker”

M+18 Internal Use (to be input as 0)
M+19 Internal Use (to be input as 0)
..... Internal Use (to be input as 0)
M+112 Internal Use (to be input as 0)

CONs Value Description

Default Min Max
J 10 15000 Conv1 SbCtrl_1, Converter base power (MVA)
J+1 10 1500 Conv1 UacBase_1, Converter base voltage (kV)
J+2 0.12 0.01 0.3 Conv1 Xv_1, Converter reactor reactance, each arm (pu)
J+3 0.055 0.01 0.1 Conv1 Tconv_1, Time constant for dc capacitor (s)
J+4 10 15000 Conv1 Str_1, Transformer base power (MVA)
J+5 10 1500 Conv1 U_Prim_1, Transformer primary (line side) nom voltage (kV)
J+6 10 1500 Conv1 U_Sec_1, Transformer secondary winding (valve side), nomi-
nal voltage (kV)
J+7 0.15 0.01 0.3 Conv1 Xt_1, Transformer reactance (pu)
J+8 0.1 30 Conv1 Step_1, Tap changer step size (%)
J+9 5.0 0.0 500.0 Conv1 Escr_1, Equiv SCR for voltage prediction, set to zero to disable
J+10 0.1 0.9 Conv1 Mmax_1, Maximum modulation index in steady state (pu)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
46
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

CONs Value Description

Default Min Max
J+11 0.1 Mmax Conv1 Mmin_1, Minimum modulation index in steady state (pu)
J+12 0.01 15.0 Conv1 ivMax_1, Maximum valve current steady state in the rectifier
(kA)
J+13 0.01 15.0 Conv1 ivMaxInv_1, Maximum valve current steady state in the in-
verter (kA)
J+14 2*ivMax 0.01 15.0 Conv1 Iv_xfr_1, Maximum transient current (kA)
J+15 -10000 10000 Conv1 Qfilter_1, AC filter if filter included in PQ-diagram, otherwise
0 (Mvar)
J+16 0.0 15000 Conv1 RChop_1, Chopper resistance. If symmetric sum of both chop-
pers (Ohm)
J+17 0.0 15000 Conv1 ChopMaxE_1, Maximum Energy in Chopper (MJ)
J+18 1.16 1.05 1.5 Conv1 ChopLvl_1, DC voltage activation level for chopper (pu)
J+19 0.13 0.05 0.5 Conv1 ChopHys_1, Chopper deactivation hysteresis on DC volt-
age(pu)
J+20 3.0 0.0 10.0 Conv1 Udroop_1, UacDroop parameter (%)
J+21 0.5 0.0 1.5 Conv1 FvKg_1, Gain parameter when in FV control (pu)
J+22 0.0 -0.1 0.1 Conv1 IslFreq_1, Islanded frequency, deviation from nominal freq
(pu)
J+23 0.0 -1.0 1.0 Conv1 PFNom_1, Active power that give nominal frequency in FvC-
trl(Pu)
J+24 0.0 0.0 9999 Conv1 Tdelf_1, Time constant to reset initial frequency offset in
islanded network operation, set to zero to use default value, de-
fault=9999 (s)
J+25 2.0 0.0 10.0 Conv1 VsupKp_1, Gain in V_sup at low voltage
J+26 5.0 0.0 10.0 Conv1 VsupKpHi_1, Gain in V_sup at high voltage
J+27 1.1 1.05 1.8 Conv1 VsupLimH_1, Upper activation level for V_support (pu)
J+28 0.85 0.0 0.95 Conv1 VsupLimL_1, Lower activation level for V_support (pu)
J+29 0.03 0.01 0.05 Conv1 VsupHyst_1, Hysteresis voltage support (pu)
J+30 0.0 0.0 0.1 Conv1 VsupD_1, Deadband voltage support (pu)
J+31 0.9 0.0 1.0 Conv1 VsupSbPu_1, Part of Sb available for V_support
J+32 10 5 100 Conv1 PrampUp_1, Maximum positive ramp rate of active power
control at fault recovery (pu/s)
J+33 10000 100 10000 Conv1 PrampDo_1, Maximum negative ramp rate of active power
control at fault (pu/s)
J+34 0.5 0.1 2.0 Conv1 QKp_1, Gain reactive power control
J+35 0.04 0.01 1.0 Conv1 QTi_1, Integral Time constant reactive power control (s)
J+36 1.0 0.1 3.0 Conv1 UacKp_1, Gain AC voltage control
J+37 0.05 0.01 0.5 Conv1 UacTi_1, Integral Time constant AC voltage control (s)
J+38 4.0 1.0 7.0 Conv1 UdcKp_1, Gain in DC voltage control
J+39 0.1 0.02 0.5 Conv1 UdcTi_1, Integral Time constant DC voltage control (s)
J+40 15.0 4.0 20.0 Conv1 ColKpO_1, Gain DCCOL overvoltage
J+41 15.0 4.0 20.0 Conv1 ColKpU_1, Gain DCCOL undervoltage

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
47
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

CONs Value Description

Default Min Max
J+42 1.05 1.02 1.1 Conv1 UdColMx_1, DCCOL overvoltage activation (pu)
J+43 0.95 0.9 0.98 Conv1 UdColMn_1, DCCOL undervoltage activation (pu)
J+44 0.002 0.0 0.01 Conv1 CctrlTf_1, Time constant for LP-filter current control (s)
J+45 2.5 0.5 5.0 Conv1 PLL_Kp_1, Gain in PLL
J+46 0.1 0.05 1.0 Conv1 PLL_Ti_1, Integral Time constant in PLL (s)
J+47 10 15000 Conv2 SbCtrl_2, Converter base power (MVA)
J+48 10 1500 Conv2 UacBase_2, Converter base voltage (kV)
J+49 0.12 0.01 0.3 Conv2 Xv_2, Converter reactor reactance, each arm (pu)
J+50 0.055 0.01 0.1 Conv2 Tconv_2, Time constant for dc capacitor (s)
J+51 10 15000 Conv2 Str_2, Transformer base power, 3-phase (MVA)
J+52 10 1500 Conv2 U_Prim_2, Transformer primary (line side) nom voltage (kV)
J+53 10 1500 Conv2 U_Sec_2, Transformer secondary winding (valve side), nomi-
nal voltage (kV)
J+54 0.15 0.01 0.3 Conv2 Xt_2, Transformer reactance (pu)
J+55 0.1 30 Conv2 Step_2, Tap changer step size (%)
J+56 5.0 0.0 500.0 Conv2 Escr_2, Equiv SCR for voltage prediction, set to zero to disable
J+57 0.1 0.9 Conv2 Mmax_2, Maximum modulation index in steady state (pu)
J+58 0.1 Mmax Conv2 Mmin_2, Minimum modulation index in steady state (pu)
J+59 0.01 15.0 Conv2 ivMax_2, Maximum valve current steady state in the rectifier
(kA)
J+60 0.01 15.0 Conv2 ivMaxInv_2, Maximum valve current steady state in the in-
verter (kA)
J+61 2*ivMax 0.01 15.0 Conv2 Iv_xfr_2, Maximum transient current (kA)
J+62 -10000 10000 Conv2 Qfilter_2, AC filter if filter included in PQ-diagram, otherwise
0 (Mvar)
J+63 0.0 15000 Conv2 RChop_2, Chopper resistance. If symmetric sum of both chop-
pers (Ohm)
J+64 0.0 15000 Conv2 ChopMaxE_2, Maximum Energy in Chopper (MJ)
J+65 1.16 1.05 1.5 Conv2 ChopLvl_2, DC voltage activation level for chopper (pu)
J+66 0.13 0.05 0.5 Conv2 ChopHys_2, Chopper deactivation hysteresis on DC volt-
age(pu)
J+67 3.0 0.0 10.0 Conv2 Udroop_2, UacDroop parameter (%)
J+68 0.5 0.0 1.5 Conv2 FvKg_2, Gain parameter when in FV control (pu)
J+69 0.0 -0.1 0.1 Conv2 IslFreq_2, Islanded frequency, deviation from nominal freq
(pu)
J+70 0.0 -1.0 1.0 Conv2 PFNom_2, Active power that give nominal frequency in FvC-
trl(Pu)
J+71 0.0 0.0 9999 Conv2 Tdelf_2, Time constant to reset initial frequency offset in
islanded network operation, set to zero to use default value, de-
fault=9999 (s)
J+72 2.0 0.0 10.0 Conv2 VsupKp_2, Gain in V_sup at low voltage

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
48
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

CONs Value Description

Default Min Max
J+73 5.0 0.0 10.0 Conv2 VsupKpHi_2, Gain in V_sup at high voltage
J+74 1.1 1.05 1.8 Conv2 VsupLimH_2, Upper activation level for V_support (pu)
J+75 0.85 0.0 0.95 Conv2 VsupLimL_2, Lower activation level for V_support (pu)
J+76 0.03 0.01 0.05 Conv2 VsupHyst_2, Hysteresis voltage support (pu)
J+77 0.0 0.0 0.1 Conv2 VsupD_2, Deadband voltage support (pu)
J+78 0.9 0.0 1.0 Conv2 VsupSbPu_2, Part of Sb available for V_support
J+79 10 5 100 Conv2 PrampUp_2, Maximum positive ramp rate of active power
control at fault recovery (pu/s)
J+80 10000 100 10000 Conv2 PrampDo_2, Maximum negative ramp rate of active power
control at fault (pu/s)
J+81 0.5 0.1 2.0 Conv2 QKp_2, Gain reactive power control
J+82 0.04 0.01 1.0 Conv2 QTi_2, Integral Time constant reactive power control (s)
J+83 1.0 0.1 3.0 Conv2 UacKp_2, Gain AC voltage control
J+84 0.05 0.01 0.5 Conv2 UacTi_2, Integral Time constant AC voltage control (s)
J+85 4.0 1.0 7.0 Conv2 UdcKp_2, Gain in DC voltage control
J+86 0.1 0.02 0.5 Conv2 UdcTi_2, Integral Time constant DC voltage control (s)
J+87 10.0 4.0 20.0 Conv2 ColKpO_2, Gain DCCOL overvoltage
J+88 10.0 4.0 20.0 Conv2 ColKpU_2, Gain DCCOL undervoltage
J+89 1.05 1.02 1.1 Conv2 UdColMx_2, DCCOL overvoltage activation (pu)
J+90 0.95 0.9 0.98 Conv2 UdColMn_2, DCCOL undervoltage activation (pu)
J+91 0.002 0.0 0.01 Conv2 CctrlTf_2, Time constant for LP-filter current control (s)
J+92 2.5 0.5 5.0 Conv2 PLL_Kp_2, Gain in PLL
J+93 0.1 0.05 1.0 Conv2 PLL_Ti_2, Integral Time constant in PLL (s)
J+94 1 3000 UdcNom, Nominal DC voltage, terminal-to-terminal, independent of
symmetric or asymmetric (kV)
J+95 10 15000 Pnom, Nominal DC power (MW), base for Tconv and Ttransm
J+96 1.0 0.5 qDcDamp, Quality factor (damping) for the DC system frequency de-
pendent impedance representation, a value of 1 is recommended
J+97 20.0 10.0 fDcDamp, Frequency defining qDcDamp, for the DC system frequen-
cy dependent impedance representation (Hz)
J+98 >0 LdcTransm, Inductance in the DC loop of the line/cable (H)
J+99 ≥0 Ttransm, Time constant of the total capacitance in both lines/cables
(s)

VARs Description
L Conv1 DeltaPref_1 Auxiliary active power order, delta order for modulation, use
to give an active power order modulation
L+1 Conv1 DeltaUacRef_1, Auxiliary AC voltage order, delta order for modulation
(pu), use to give an AC voltage order modulation
L+2 Conv1 Pref_1, Active power order at PCC bus (MW), use to change active power
order

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
49
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

VARs Description
L+3 Conv1 Qref_1, Reactive power order at PCC bus (Mvar), use to change reactive
power order
L+4 Conv1 UdcRef_1, DC voltage order (kV), use to change DC voltage order
L+5 Conv1 UacRef_1, AC voltage order (pu), use to change AC voltage order
L+6 Conv1 Udpu_1, Measured DC voltage (pu), use for plotting
L+7 Conv1 Idpu_1, Measured direct current (pu), use for plotting
L+8 Conv1 Pprim_1, Control system internal filtered measured active power (pu),
use for plotting
L+9 Conv1 Qprim_1, Control system internal filtered measured reactive power (pu),
use for plotting
L+10 Conv1 ModIndex_1, Modulation index (pu), use for plotting
L+11 Conv1 ChopperOn_1, Indication of chopper activation (1/0), use for plotting
L+12 Conv1 EChopper_1, Estimated energy in chopper (MJ), use for plotting
L+13 Conv1 Ichopper_1, Measured chopper current (pu), use for plotting
L+14 Conv1 PlossConv_1, Converter active power loss (pu), use for plotting
L+15 Conv1 PlossAdjust_1, The difference between the initial dynamic losses and the
load flow losses (pu), use for plotting
L+16 Conv2 DeltaPref__2 Auxiliary active power order, delta order for modulation, use
to give an active power order modulation
L+17 Conv2 DeltaUacRef_2, Auxiliary AC voltage order, delta order for modulation
(pu), use to give an AC voltage order modulation
L+18 Conv2 Pref_2, Active power order at PCC bus (MW), use to change active power
order
L+19 Conv2 Qref_2, Reactive power order at PCC bus (Mvar), use to change reactive
power order
L+20 Conv2 UdcRef_2, DC voltage order (kV), use to change DC voltage order
L+21 Conv2 UacRef_2, AC voltage order (pu), use to change AC voltage order
L+22 Conv2 Udpu_2, Measured DC voltage (pu), use for plotting
L+23 Conv2 Idpu_2, Measured direct current (pu), use for plotting
L+24 Conv2 Pprim_2, Control system internal filtered measured active power (pu),
use for plotting
L+25 Conv2 Qprim_2, Control system internal filtered measured reactive power (pu),
use for plotting
L+26 Conv2 ModIndex_2, Modulation index (pu), use for plotting
L+27 Conv2 ChopperOn_2, Indication of chopper activation (1/0), use for plotting
L+28 Conv2 EChopper_2, Estimated energy in chopper (MJ), use for plotting
L+29 Conv2 Ichopper_2, Measured chopper current (pu), use for plotting
L+30 Conv2 PlossConv_2, Converter active power loss (pu), use for plotting
L+31 Conv2 PlossAdjust_2, The difference between the initial dynamic losses and the
load flow losses (pu), use for plotting
L+32 FaultCurrent, DC system fault current (ampere), use for plotting
L+33 Internal Use
L+34 Internal Use

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
50
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

VARs Description
..... Internal Use
L+222 Internal Use

'VSC DC line name' 'USRDCL' 'HVDCLIGHT1' 20 1 113 100 0 223 ICON(M) to

ICON(M+112) CON(J) to CON(J+99) /

Model Details:

Overview

The model consists of an end-to-end representation of the HVDC system, i.e. the electrical circuit between the
Point of Common Coupling (PCC) buses, including converter stations, power transformers and DC system.
The model can be used for load flow calculations as well as dynamic simulation.

The PSS®E VSC Load Flow model is used with the terminals directly connected to the PCC bus. The active and
reactive power will only be available at the PCC bus in load flow. AC filters are represented using standard
elements available in the PSS®E program. It is recommended to add an ideal branch between the PCC bus
and the converter terminal to make it possible to measure the total reactive power of both the converter
and the AC filter.

The converter stations and associated main circuit equipment, such as power transformers, converter valves
are modelled in the dynamic model only, i.e. no electrical representation in power flow. The DC side is rep-
resented in load flow as a pure resistance, in the dynamic simulation also capacitances and inductances are
represented.

The dynamics of the HVDC system is linked to the load flow components with a user written VSC model
interfacing to the PSS®E VSC Load Flow model. An overview of the model implementation is given in Figure
1 and Figure 2.

Figure 1: Overview of the model implementation in load flow

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
51
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

Figure 2: Overview of the model implementation in dynamic simulations

Load Flow Representation

This section provides a description of how to use the load flow model. The full documentation of the PSS®E
VSC Load Flow model is given in PSS®E Program Operation Manual (POM). The format of the input and
the use of the VSC Load Flow model in Load Flow is described in the PSS®E documentation. This section
gives complementary information on how to setup the load flow model to match Hitachi Energy HVDC Light
dynamic model. The HVDC converter station is modeled as shown in Figure 1.

Some of the values in the PSS®E VSC Load Flow model are used as inputs to the dynamic model and it is
important that those are given in a correct way to get correct performance of the dynamic model. Parameters
marked with “Not used in dynamic model” are not used in the dynamic model and these parameters can be
used to get the desired Load Flow solution. The data is split in transmission data in Table 1 and converter
data in Table 2.

Table 1. Transmission data of the PSS®E VSC Load Flow model

Field Description Used in dynamic model
NAME VSC transmission name Not used in dynamic model
MDC In service or out of service Yes
RDC Total loop DC resistance Yes

Note: Important that RDC is given

as the total loop DC resistance
Oi An owner number Not used in dynamic model
Fi The fraction of total ownership as- Not used in dynamic model
signed to owner Oi

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
52
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

Table 2. Converter data of the PSS®E VSC Load Flow model

Field Description Used in dynamic model
IBUS Bus number/name Yes, at this bus the Power and AC
voltage is controlled in dynamic
simulations
TYPE Type of active power control, Yes, used in dynamic simulations to
1=UdcCtrl, 2=Pctrl switch between out-of-service, ac-
tive power control and DC voltage
control
MODE Mode of AC voltage control, Not used in dynamic model,
1=UacCtrl, 2=PF-control
ICON element used in dynamic
model
DCSET Udc (term-term) or Porder Not used in dynamic model,

VAR element used in dynamic mod-

el
ACSET AC voltage reference (or Power Fac- Not used in dynamic model,
tor)
VAR element used in dynamic mod-
el
ALOSS, Fixed losses Yes, both parameters used in dy-
namic model.
BLOSS Load dependent losses
Note: In dynamic model BLOSS is
linear with the AC current, not DC
current
MINLOSS Minimum losses Not used in dynamic model
SMAX Maximum apparent power (steady Not used in dynamic model
state)
IMAX Converter ac current rating Not used in dynamic model
PWF Power weighting factor Not used in dynamic model
MAXQ Maximum reactive power limit Yes

Note: Maximum reactive power

limit excluding any filters at PCC
bus
MINQ Minimum reactive power limit Yes

Note: Minimum reactive power

limit excluding any filters at PCC
bus
VSREG Bus number for AC voltage control Not used in dynamic model
NREG A node number of bus VSREG Not used in dynamic model
RMPCT Percent fraction of Q for AC voltage Not used in dynamic model
control

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
53
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

The values on MAXQ and MINQ are used both in load flow and dynamic simulations. Therefore, the limits
MAXQ and MINQ should be consistent with the reactive power limits in dynamic simulations.

The limits MAXQ and MINQ are the limits excluding AC filter. Since the guaranteed limits in Q are including
what is provided in an AC filter, the limits shall thus be adjusted as:

• MAXQ = QMAX,guaranteed - QAC filter

• MINQ = QMIN,guaranteed - QAC filter

Input Parameters for Dynamic Model From Load Flow

The load flow data parameters that are used also in the dynamic simulation are described in Table 3.

Table 3. PSS®E Load Flow model parameters used in dynamic simulation

Parameter Comment
MDC DC transmission in or out of service

• 0 for out-of-service DC transmission

• 1 for in-service DC transmission

RDC The total DC side resistance, i.e. the loop resistance. The DC resistance is con-
sistent in load flow and dynamic simulation
IBUS The bus to which the VSC Load flow model is connected. The control system
of the HVDC converter is controlling the power to/from this bus and the AC
voltage at this bus (if converter is in AC voltage control).
TYPE Converter in or out of service, and active power control principle, both for load
flow and for dynamics

0 for converter out of service, still the other converter and the DC line/cable
can be in STATCOM operation

This selection set the converter to blocked (de-block=0)

• 1 for DC voltage control (UdcCtrl)

• 2 for active power control (Pctrl)

One and only one converter shall have TYPE=1. If one converter is blocked
(TYPE=0) the other converter will be forced to UdcCtrl.
After a sequence with blocked operation, the converter is de-blocked again by
selecting TYPE=1 or TYPE=2.
ALOSS The fixed loss parameter is consistent in load flow and dynamic simulation. It
is given in kW
BLOSS The load loss parameter is consistent is used both in load flow and dynamic
simulation. It is given in kW/A.
Note: In load flow the loss is linear with DC current and in dynamic it is linear
with the AC current. The reason is to get correct loss representation when AC
current is high while DC current is low. This situation occurs in operating modes
like STATCOM.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
54
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

Parameter Comment
MAXQ Maximum reactive power limit, the steady state limits used in dynamic simu-
lation.
MINQ Minimum reactive power limit, the steady state limits used in dynamic simula-
tion.

More Detailed Explanation of Input Parameters

In this section some of the input parameters are further explained. The values described below does not have
a recommended default value in the parameter list.

Table 4. CON values with additional explanation

Parameter Description
Xv This parameter is the converter re-
actance for one arm in pu. To ob-
tain the value the reactance for one
converter should be divided with
the impedance base obtained from
SbCtrl and UconvBase.
Tconv This parameter is the total ener-
gy stored in the converter capaci-
tances at nominal DC voltage, di-
vided with the nominal DC power.
The total energy is the sum of the
energy in each individual capaci-
tance in the converter.
Escr If SCR is known set Escr to SCR, otherwise use 5.0 as default. 0.0 to
disable.
T_ActivateDeltaF At an islanded system, like an offshore wind farm, the converter can be
operating as a slack bus and control the frequency, the frequency con-
trol can include a droop. However, in load flow the system is operating
at the nominal frequency as well as in the dynamic simulation initial-
ization with help of a balancing frequency offset. The parameter T_Ac-
tivateDeltaF will define the time constant to reset initial frequency off-
set in islanded network operation. If set to zero, the default value 9999
s will be used, i.e. the dynamic simulation will be with the frequency
droop deactivated. If the droop shall be activated, a typical value for
T_ActivateDeltaF = 0.5-1 s, mainly dependent of how fast other models
in the system can respond to this droop activation.
MmaxStSt Maximum modulation index in steady state, if set to zero a default value
of 0.867 will be used
MminStSt Minimum modulation index in steady state, if set to zero a default value
of 0.820 will be used
Ttransm Time constant of the total capac-
itance in both lines/cables (sec).
The total DC energy at nominal
DC voltage is calculated for both

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
55
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

Parameter Description
poles in symmetrical configura-
tion. If the DC line is short or have a
small capacitance it is recommend-
ed to put half the Ttransm value in
each Tconv parameter and setting
Ttransm to zero.

Overview of Model and Control System

The structure of the control system represented in the model is presented in Figure 3. In normal operation
the user by can select one of the following for each station:

• AC voltage control

• Reactive power control

In the same way the user can choose one of the following for each station:

• DC voltage control

• Active power control

For AC voltage control and Reactive power control the operating modes can be chosen indecently of each
other. For DC voltage control and Active power control one station must be in DC voltage control and the
other in Active power control.

For an application where the HVDC is connected to an islanded network the HVDC can be set to work in
Islanded Network Control mode. In this mode the HVDC will control the frequency and AC voltage of the AC
network. In this setup, the other station must be set to DC voltage control mode.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
56
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

Figure 3: Overview of the control system in the HVDCLIGHT1 model

DC System Model

The DC side is represented as a dynamic model only, i.e. no electrical representation in the power flow and
consists of a three-node model as shown in Figure 4. The parameters related to the DC-system model are
RDC, UdcNom, Pnom, qDcDamp, fDcDamp, LdcTransm and Ttransm.

An overview of the DC system is presented in Figure 4. The nodes are numbered as 1, 2, and 3. node 1
and 3 represent the converter bus and node 2 represents a virtual mid-point of the cable/line. Each node
is provided with a capacitance, for node 1 and 3 this is typically the converter equivalent pole capacitance

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
57
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

and node 2 the total cable/line capacitance. The connections between node 1-2 and 2-3 are made by an R-L
circuit, where R and L correspond to the cable/line impedance. The cable/line impedance is split between the
connections between node 1-2 and 2-3 so half the cable/line impedance is represented in each connection.

The dynamic behaviour of the DC system can be described in Laplace domain by 1/sT blocks where each T
corresponds to the charging time constant of the corresponding capacitance. The parameter Tconv (s) repre-
sents the equivalent pole capacitance of each converter (corresponding to the cell capacitance) and T transm
(s) represents the DC transmission capacitance.

The time constants can be calculated based on the corresponding total stored energy in the capacitance at
nominal direct voltage divided by the nominal active power as described in Table 4.

Figure 4: DC system representation

The DC system can get unstable if bad combination of L and C values are used. If the DC line is short or
has a low capacitance it is recommended to put half the value of Ttransm in each converter station (node
1 and 3) by using the Tconv parameter in each station and setting Ttransm to zero. If problems occur, the
same approach is recommended. This makes the model eliminate node 2 in Figure 4. To keep good model
performance, this is done automatically by the model if the Transm is very small. This situation typically
occurs when the DC line is relatively short. For a back-to-back (BtB) application the Ttransm is typically set
to 0, which eliminates node 2.

Warning and Error Messages

The model generates warning and error messages in case the model is provided with non-proper data or is
initialized at a non-proper working point. Most of the messages are intended to be self-explaining, but for
some messages, additional explanations may be necessary.

If strange warnings occur, that seems to be not relevant, and all data seems to be corrupt in the model:

• Check the node numbers for connection of the model

• Check that proper dynamic data in the DYR file is used, including number of ICON, CON, STATE and VAR,
and that this is corresponding to the model version used.

Tap Changer Selection

The model has an automatically selection of tap changer position at the initialization. If the ICON for the
tap changer position is set outside the allowed range, then the tap position will be automatically set at
initialization of the dynamic model and kept constant during the simulation. General recommendations are:

• Use the automatic initialization of the tap changer position, unless some specific verification cases shall
be run, or if there are some problem with the automatic initialization

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
58
HITACHI Models HVDCLIGHT1

• Use tap position= 100, as clearly outside the allowed range, for automatic initialization of the tap changer

In case the model is initialized with non-proper modulation index, a warning message is written including
one of the following alternatives:

• Warning in modulation index, Mindex < MminSteadyState

• Warning in modulation index, Mindex > MmaxSteadyState

The reason is that the converter internal voltage is outside one of the modulation index limitations, i.e. the
control system tries to order an internal voltage above the voltage capability defined by the DC voltage, or
below the low limitation.

If this happens, the automatic initialization of the tap changer has failed, and the model input data must
be reviewed.

The selected position will be stored as an ICON and can be changed during the dynamic simulation.

Time Step Recommendations

The model is suitable for time step increments in the range of 0.5 ms – 10 ms.

Note: For detailed studies when using the control mode activated by the parameter FvCtrl a time step in the
range 0.5 ms – 5 ms is recommended.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
59
 Chapter 5
SMA Models
®
This chapter contains a collection of data sheets for the SMA models contained in the PSS E smamdl.dll
dynamic model library.

Users are advised to contact SMA at [email protected] for any issues or questions regarding the
model.

Model Description
SMAGFWU1 SMA Grid Forming Battery Model (Release 8 SMA Sunny Central inverter line)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
60
SMA Models SMAGFWU1

5.1. SMAGFWU1
SMA GRID FORMING BATTERY INVERTER MODEL

ICONs Value Description

M 0 iPlantCtrl, 0 no Plant controller, 1 PSS®E PTI supplied Plant controller

CONs Value Description

J -0.0167 AcCtl_DrpHz, Active power frequency droop Δf/ΔId, (pu/pu) (≤ 0)
J+1 0.100 AcCtl_DrpVol, Reactive power voltage droop ΔV/ΔIq, (pu/pu) (≥ 0)
J+2 1.000 AcCtl_ScalWSpt, Scaling factor for active power set-point, (pu)
J+3 3 AcCtl_ScalVArSpt, Scaling factor for reactive power (Q) set-point,
(pu)
J+4 1 VarRef, Additional Q command scaling factor for plant control, (pu)
J+5 0.6 VarRtg, Reactive power reference factor, (pu)
J+6 60 HzRtg, Frequency rating, (Hz) (50 or 60 Hz)
J+7 5 HzOutLim, Maximum frequency offset for current limitation, (Hz)
J+8 -0.11 DecouplingAngle, (radian)
J+9 1 AMaxSpt, Maximum allowed current, pu
J+10 0.6 AmpQMax, Maximum reactive current, pu
J+11 0.02 AmpDQLimFil, Current filter time constant, s
J+12 0.46 VolDQFilTm, Voltage filter time constant for calculation of current
set-point, (s)
J+13 0.01 VolAmpFilTm, Voltage filter time constant for calculation of current
offset, (s)
J+14 0.6 Kp_AmpPsDOfs, Proportional gain d-axis current limitation control,
(pu)
J+15 22.5 Ki_AmpPsDOfs, Integral gain d-axis current limitation control, (pu)
J+16 2.4 Kp_AmpPsQOfs, Proportional gain q-axis current limitation control,
(pu)
J+17 90 Ki_AmpPsQOfs, Integral gain q-axis current limitation control, (pu)
J+18 0 Kp_ud, Proportional gain d-axis Voltage controller, (pu)
J+19 10 Ki_ud, Integral gain q-axis Voltage controller, (pu)
J+20 0 Kp_uq, Proportional gain d-axis Voltage controller, (pu)
J+21 10 Ki_uq, Integral gain q-axis Voltage controller, (pu)
J+22 0.01 Tid, Low-pass filter time constant for Id measurement, (s)
J+23 0.01 Tiq, Low-pass filter time constant for Iq measurement, (s)
J+24 0.01 Tud, Low-pass filter time constant for Vd measurement, (s)
J+25 0.01 Tuq, Low-pass filter time constant for Vq measurement, (s)
J+26 0.8 Frt_VolOnLim, Activation voltage for FRT detection, (pu)
J+27 0.8 Frt_VolOffLim, Deactivation voltage for FRT detection, (pu)
J+28 1.2 FRT_AMaxSpt, Maximum Fault Ride Through (FRT) current ampli-
tude, (pu)
J+29 0.25 VI_R, Virtual impedance R, (pu)

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
61
SMA Models SMAGFWU1

CONs Value Description

J+30 0.36 VI_X, Virtual impedance X, (pu)
J+31 0 VI_R_Min, Minimum R of virtual impedance, (pu)
J+32 -0.27 VI_X_Min, Minimum X of virtual impedance, (pu)
J+33 0.01336 Tid_FRT, Additional Id filter time constant for VI control, s
J+34 0.01336 Tiq_Frt, Additional Iq filter time constant for VI control, (s)
J+35 0 Kp_Frt, Proportional gain virtual impedance controller, (pu)
J+36 7 Ki_Frt, Integral gain virtual impedance controller, (pu)
J+37 -0.34 Frt_PIMin, Lower limit virtual impedance controller output, (pu)
J+38 0.1 Frt_Tm, Minimum FRT hold time, (s)
J+39 0 Frt_InitBlckTm, Initial blocking time for FRT, (s)
J+40 1.2 Frt_AmpLim, Current limit for FRT, (pu)

STATEs Description
K Angle, (radian)
K+1 Internal use
K+2 Internal use
K+3 Vd filtered
K+4 Vq filtered
K+5 Id filtered
K+6 Iq filtered
K+7 to K Internal use
+18

VARs Description
L Vreal_ref
L+1 Vimag_ref
L+2 Vd
L+3 Vq
L+4 Internal use
L+5 Internal use
L+6 Id
L+7 Iq
L+8 Internal use
L+9 Internal use
L+10 FrtState
L+11 to L Internal use
+23
L+24 WSpt, real power set-point
L+25 VArSpt, reactive power set-point
L+26 to L Internal use
+53

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
62
SMA Models SMAGFWU1

DYR record:

IBUS 'USRMDL' ID 'SMAGFWU1' 101 1 1 41 19 54 ICON(M), CON(J) to

CON(J+40) /

Note(s):

1. This model represents the Release 8 of the SMA Sunny Central Grid Forming Inverter.

2. Model parameters are in per unit of Machine MVA Base.

3. If the model is run without an external controller, WSpt and VArSpt (as calculated by the SMA model)
re written to VAR(L+24) and VAR(L+25) respectively. The model output can be adjusted by changing
these two VARs.

4. When initialized, the battery model will generate the real and reactive power of the load flow. The model
can be controlled with the PSS®E Plant Controller models REPCA1, or with REPCC, or without an explicit
controller.

PSS®E 36.1.0
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry Inc., Siemens Power Technologies International
63