1. State Faraday’s law of Electromagnetic induction.

2. State Lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction. (2mks)

3. Figure below shows a rigid circuit ABCD suspended by a silk thread from a support.
The coil AB is made of copper. The magnet near A is suddenly pulled to the left. State
and explain the observation on the circuit. (2mk)
Silk thread

S N
Motion A B
4. Figure shows two coils P and Q placed close to each other.
P Q

X Y A B

When the switch is closed, Determine:

i) The magnetic poles X and Y (2mk)
ii) The electric polarity A and B of the cell. (2mk)
iii) Explain why the induced current in coil Q is higher when the switch K in coil P is opened
than when it is closed. (2mk)
(iv) On the same diagram, show the direction of the induced current in coil Q when the switch k
is closed. (2mk)
(v) Which phenomenon is being demonstrated in this set up? (1mk)
vi) Suggest a way in which the induced e.m.f in the secondary coil Q can be increased.
5. Fig shows an induction coil.
Gap
Soft iron armature
B
Contacts
A

C
D
S
i) Name the parts labelled A, B, C and D. (2mk)
ii) Briefly explain what happens from the time the switch‘s’ is closed onwards. (4mk)
iii) State the purpose of the part labelled D in the circuit. (1mk)
6. A 6v, 24w lamp shines at full brightness when it is connected to the output of this
main transformer as shown in the figure.

6V
240 V 24 W

800 Turns
Assuming the transformer is 100% efficient, calculate
(i) The number of turns in the secondary coil if the lamp is to work at its normal
brightness (2mk)
1
 (ii) The current which flows in the main cables. (2mks)
7.
8. What are the advantages of transmitting power at
(i) Very high voltages
(ii) Alternating voltage
9. State FOUR cause of energy losses in a transformer and explain how it can be
minimized.
10. The figure below shows certain machine
Axis of rotation

N S

A
Output
(i) State the name of the machine shown in the diagram above. (1mk)
(ii) What are the names of the parts labeled A and B (2mk)
(iii) On the axes below sketch a graph to show how potential difference across R varies with
the inclination angle. The coil is initially horizontal. (1mk)

E.M.F (v)

θ degrees

11. The diagram below shows a simple d.c generator.

Axis of rotation

B C
K

N S
M
A
D
X Y

i) Name the part labeled X and Y (2mk)

ii) Sketch on the axis below a graph of the e.m.f generated against the angle as
arm CD rotates from 90o to 180o

E.M.F
2
 12. The circuit below shows a step-down transformer used to light a lamp of resistance
4Ω. Calculate.
RL=4Ω
240 V

NP NS v A
a.c

S
NP=800 NS= 40
i) The reading of voltmeter, V, with ,S, open. (2mks)
ii) The reading of the ammeter A with S closed (neglect the effective resistance of the
secondary winding) (2mks)
iii) The power dissipated in the lamp. (2mks)
iv) The primary current if the transformer is 90% efficient. (3mks)
13. A generator produces 150KW at a voltage of 5 kV. The voltage is stepped up to 60kV
and transmitted through cables of resistance 150 to a step – down transformer in a
substation. If both transformers are 80% efficient,
Calculate the:-
(i) Current through the transmission cables. (3mks)
(ii) Power lost during transmission. (3mk)
14. A hydro-electric power station produces 500KW at a voltage of 10KV. The voltage is
then stepped up to 150KV and the power is transmitted through cables of resistance
200Ω to a step down transformer in a sub-station. Assuming that both transformers
are 100% efficient. Calculate;
(i) The current produced by the generator (2mks)

(ii) The current that flows through the transmission cables (2mks)
(iii) The voltage drop across the transmission cables 2mks)
(iv) The power loss during transmission (2mks)
(v) The power that reaches the sub-station (2mk)

1. State the energy transformation that takes place in a hydro-electric power station.
2. Electrical energy is distributed as alternating current (a.c) at high voltage.
Explain why:
(i) A very high voltage is necessary. (1mk)
(ii) Thick aluminium transmission lines are recommended to carry the current.
(iii) The power is transmitted as Alternating voltage (a.c) (1mk)
3. State two dangers of high voltage transmission. (2mk)
4. What is the purpose of having a national grid in power transmission (1mk)
5. State two reasons why the earth pin is normally longer than the other two pins.
6. Give two advantages of a circuit breaker instead of a fuse in domestic wiring
(2mk
7. Distinguish between a fuse and a circuit breaker (1mk)
8. Figure below shows part of a ring main circuit connected to the hair drier in a salon
Heater

Drier

A 3
B
 Identify the parts A, B and C
9. What modification can be done to a fuse wire to give it a higher rating? (1mk)
10. The figure shows the electric wiring of an electric cooker X, Y and Z are main wires.
Identify Y and X giving reasons.
X
Y
Z

Cooker casing

11. Study the figure below:-

B
D

A C

Cable

i) What name is given to the fitting in the diagram (1mk)

ii) Identify the parts labelled A, B, C and D (2mk)
iii) State the colours A, B and C. (3mk)
12. An electric iron rated 240V, 750w is to be connected to a 240v mains supply through a
3A fuse. Determine whether the fuse is suitable or not. (3mk)
13. A house has five rooms with 240V, 60W bulbs. If the bulbs are switched on from 7.00
p.m to 10.30 p.m.
(i) Calculate the power consumed per day in kilowatt-hours. (3mk)
(ii) Find the cost per week for lighting these rooms at Ksh. 6.70 per unit. (3mk)
14. A power line from a power substation to a town some distance away, has a resistance
of 0.10 Ω per kilometer. Determine the rate of energy loss in the transmission of
power over 50km at a current of 60 Amperes (3mks)
15. An electrical heater of power 2.5kW is used every day for 45min. Calculate the cost
electrical energy consumed in Kilowatt hours in a month of 30 days if the cost per unit
is sh16.50 (2mk)
16. A student has a large number of 240V, 60W coloured bulbs he wishes to use for
decorations so that the bulbs operate normally.
(i) How many bulbs can be connected to a 240V supply through a 5A fuse?
(ii) If electric energy cost Kshs. 3.00 per unit, what will be the cost of running
the above circuit for 5 hours a night for 20 nights?(2mk)