Answers to Practice Paper 9 1 (@) Hy, gas is evolved in both the beakers 2Al + 6HCI —> 2AICl, + 3H, 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H,0 —> 2NaAlO, + 3H,(@) 2. (6) HCl acts as reducing agent. 3. (@) (@ and (jv) Zn + SO, —> ZnSO, + Ht 10. uu. 2. 1B. 4, 15, 16. Bubbles of the hydrogen gas will be formed and the conical flask will be warm as the reaction is exothermic. ZnSO; is colourless. (@) Acid + Metal oxide —+ Salt + Hydrogen gas ‘When a metal reacts with metal oxide, salt and water are formed. (©) Copper forms a brown coating due to formation of basic copper carbonate. This is is incorrect, statement, Copper forms a green coating due to formation of basic copper carbonate. (@) HCI < CH,COOH < NH,OH < NaOH ® ot (© () and () (6) Test tube B ® oc (@) Series and parallel respectively ® (@) (ii) and (i) Magnetic field lines change both directions and magnitude and are vector quantities. They emerge from the North Pole and enter the South Pole. (©) @ and @) ‘V-I graph is straight line. V/l is a constant-ratio. V/l = R (R) Resistance is a constant for the given metallic wire at a given temperature. (6) Below the wire ~ North to South Above the wire ~ South to North Science—10 017. 18, 1. 20, a 22. 23. 24. 28. Applying the right hand thumb rule, we get the direction of magnetic field at a point below the wire is from North to South. The direction of magnetic field at a point directly above the wire is from South to North, (@) Both A and R are true and R is the corr 1 explanation of A. (©) Ais true but R is false. (®) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A. (@) Ais False but R is true ‘Thermal decomposition is the type of a chemical reaction. 2FeSO,(s) Fe,0,(8) + SO,(¢) + SO,(g) Green coloured salt changes to reddish brown Fe,O,, pungent smelling SO, and SO, gases are formed or Heat Zn+ CuSO, —> ZnSO, + Cu Zn+FeSO, —> ZnSO, + Fe Zn + MgSO, —+ — Noreaction Zn + AL{SO,), —% No reaction Hence, the correct observations are (a) and (6). “Movement of leaves of Chhui-mui plant Movement of a shoot 1, [Movement is independent of growth, ‘Movement is dependent on growth, 2, [isnot related to the direction of stimulus. | 2. | Itisrelated to the direction of stimulus. 3. | Plant does not have specialised tissues. 3. _ [Plants have specialised tissue. 4. [Movement is fast and temporary. 4. | Movement is slow and permanent (a) The blood goes through the human heart twice during each ¢} circulation , 80 it is called double blood (6) Herbivores eating grass, need a longer small intestine to allow the cellulose to be digested whereas for carnivores, meat is easy to digest so they have a shorter small inte (a) Root cells are in close contact with the soil. They take up ions from soil. lon concentration increases inside the root. That leads to increase in osmotic pressure. Thus, the movement of water from the soil into root takes place continuously. (6) Fish utilise dissolved oxygen of water through gills, When taken out of water, fish are unable to obtain oxygen from air and thus they die. The phenomena observed in the diagram are refraction, dispersion, total internal reflection and finally refraction. A rainbow is a natural spectrum appearing in the sky after rain shower. A rainbow is always formed in a direction opposite to that of the Sun, The water droplets act like small prisms, They refract and disperse the incident sunlight, then reflect it internally and finally refract it again when it comes out of the raindrop. Due to dispersion of light and internal reflection, different colours reach the observer's eye. Or Science—10 @26. 27. 28. Stars are very far away from us, so they behave as point source of light. Since the physical conditions of the earth’s atmosphere are not constant, the light from stars appears to come from different directions This results in fluctuation of apparent position of star. The amount of light coming from stars also vary due to changing refractive index of atmosphere. The star appears bright when more light from star reaches our eyes and the same star appears dull when less amount of light reaches our eyes. All these effects are responsible for twinkling of stars. 4s pony roan a a | Rett iden Ineeasing Food chain is a series of organisms in which one organism eats another organism as food. Flow of energy in a food chain is unidirectional because the energy captured by the autotrophs does not revert back to the solar input and the energy passes to the herbivores does not come back to producers. Sun ——> Producer ——> Herbivore ——> Carnivore Green plants capture 1% of sunlight and convert it into food energy. As per 10 per cent law, only 10° of energy is transferred to the next trophic level. The remaining 90% of energy is used in v processes by the present trophic level. (@) He would hear hissing sound. (®) It is exothermic and combination reaction as the beaker becomes warm, itis an exothermic reaction, In this reaction, calcium oxide and water combine to form a single product, calcium hydroxide. Since a single product is formed, itis a combination reaction, Ca0(s) + H,O() —> Ca(OH), (aq) + Heat Quick time Staked ime (@) The colour of copper nitrate is blue which on heating gives black copper oxide. 2Cu(NO,) (s) Es 2cuG) + 4NO,G) + O,(6) Blue Blick Brown Coloutless Before heating — Blue After heating — Black (®) Brown coloured nitrogen dioxide and colourless O, gas are formed. (©) Salts which contain water of crystallisation: Chemical name Chemical formula Sodium carbonate decahydrate | Na,CO,.10H,0 Calcium sulphate hemibydrate «aso, 4110 Science—10 °29, The events which occur during the process of photosynthesis are: (@ Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll. (@ Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. (ii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates. ‘These events do not take place one after the other immediately, For example, desert plants take up carbon dioxide at night and prepare an intermediate which is acted upon by the energy absorbed by the chlorophyll during the day. 30. (@) Refraction of light is the phenomenon of change in the path of light in going from one medium to another. The basic cause of refraction of light is the change in speed of light going from one medium to another. (®) No refraction occurs, when (@) Light is incident normally on a boundary. y a0 Medium 2 8 © (i) Refractive indices of two media in contact are equal. 4 Medium 4 x y Medium 2 Science—10 “(©) Refraction of light through a glass slab showing two refractions at the two parallel faces of it. 31. (@) Priya is unable to see or read beyond 80 cm because her far point of eye is 80 cm but it should be is infinity. () w= e,v=-80em,f=? Using the lens formula me f Applying power formula P se 1 =08 Concave lens is required to correct Priya’s problem, 32, (a) The magnetic field lines are exactly identical to those due to a cylindrical bar magnet with one end of solenoid acting as a south pole and its other end as a north pole. P= =-125D (®) The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of inside the solenoid, This indi allel straight lines. The field is uniform tes that the field is the same at all points inside the solenoid. or Magnetic field (B) at the centre of the circular coil (@) increases if the current is increased as B « I (®) reverses on reversing the current. (©) increases if the number of turns in the coil increases as field is directly proportional to the number of turns. Science—10 °33. The increase in the concentration of harmful chemical substances mainly pesticides in the body of living organisms at each trophic level of a food chain is called biological magnification. The highest trophic level of a food chain mostly human beings will have the maximum amount of pesticides. The concentration of harmful chemicals will be different at different trophic levels as of these chemicals are not degradable, these get accumulated progressively at each trophic level 34. (@) (@) Ethanoie acid reacts with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates to give rise to salt, carbon dioxide and water. 2CH,COOH + Na,CO, —> 2CH,COONa + H,0 + CO, (i) CH,COOH + NaHCO, > CH,COONa + H,0 + CO, (iii) Ethanoie acid reacts with a base such as sodium hydroxide to give a salt and water. CH,COOH + NaOH —> CH,COONa + H,0 ‘The product which is formed in all the three reactions is sodium ethanoate or commonly called sodium acetate. ©) @ Ethanoie acid is also called glacial acetic acid as the melting point of pure ethanoic acid is 290K and hence it often freezes during winter in cold climates. (@ 5-8% solution of ethanoic acid (commonly known as acetic acid) in water is called vinegar. Or (@) Asseries of compounds in which the same functional group substitutes for hydrogn in a carbon chain is called homologous series. Characteristics of homologous series (@ The molecular formulae of any two successive members of a homologous series differ by —CH, (i) There is a regular gradation in physical properties of members of a homologous series. (6) Butane is C,H,q. The preceeding homologue of butane is propane C,H, ‘The succeeding homologue of butane is pentane C,H,» (©) Molecular formula of propene is C,H, Electron dot structure Structural formula Science—10 o35. (a) Different contraceptive methods are: + Barrier method—Physical barriers like condoms worn over penis by males, diaphragm used by females, cervical cap and copper-T for females. + Chemical method—Oral pills used by females. + Surgical method—Portion of vas deferens in males (vasectomy) or portion of fallopian tube in females (tubectomy) is cut or ligated. Basic principle involved in all the contraceptive methods is to prevent fertilization of ovum and sperm: (0) use of oral pills is not meant for males. (i) use of condoms by males also prevents sexually transmitted diseases, (®) Two STDs caused by bacteria are: Gonorrhoea and syphilis or @) {in \ Pollen tube (i \ Ni ))) Ovary (i) \ © Polination Feriation TTranser of pollen gains om anthorto sigma [The proces of sion of mal gamete and fomale gamete resulting inthe formation of got Pollination ccursin higher plants ony. [2 Fevlzation occurs both in males and female 3 Nisa phy prow Wise genetic and biochemical proces (©) Chemotropism. 36. (a) The potential difference between the live and neutral wire is 220V. (®) * They are connected in parallel so that they have at the same potential difference. + The total resistance in a parallel circuit is decreased (0) 1=5A,P= 9.09 A. The fuse will blow off and the circuit will break, Thus a 10A or ISA fuse is needed to operate electric kettle of 2 kW. Science—10 ”(d) Total energy consumed by appliances in one day 400 X 24 +2 x 80X 8 +3 18x 8 11312Wh — 312Wh _ or Taare = 1312 kWh ‘Total energy consumed in one month = 11.312 x 30 39.36 kWh. Cost of 1 unit (kWh) = %4 Cost of 339.36 units = 339.36 x 4 = © 1357.44 Or (a) Force acting on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field will (®) act in opposite direction to that of previous direction, (act in opposite direction to that of previous direction, (ii) remains in the same direction. (6) The divergence of magnetic field lines near the ends of a current carrying straight solenoid indicate the decrease in strength of magnetic field near and beyond the ends of the solenoid. 37. (a) Copper is refined by electrolytic refining. (b) Anode — Impure copper Cathode — A thin sheet of pure copper Electrolyte — Acidified solution of copper sulphate We get pure copper at cathode (©) Cathode Le Anode a) -Aciatiog acu) T cuso, cutee | Solution Impurities Or A process of reduction of iron (III) oxide (Fe,0,) using aluminium powder as the reducing agent. This is an exothermic reaction. Iron obtained in this reaction is in molten state Fe,0,(s) + 2Al(8) > 2Fe(!) + Al,O,(s) + Heat ‘Thermite reaction is used to join railway tracks or cracked machine parts. 38. (@) Characters which appear in our lie time but cannot be transmitted to the progeny or next generation are acquired characters. Acquired traits do not produce any change in the DNA of germ cells, so they cannot be inherited, For example, if we breed a group of mice, all their progeny will have tails. If the tails of these mice are removed by surgery in each generation, these tailless mice will not have tailless progeny. As the removal of the tails cannot change the genes of the germ cells of the mice. (b) The differences in traits shown by the individuals of a species and also by the offsprings of the same parent are variations. Variations occur due to sex chromosomes. Variations arising in the genes of the organisms are inheritable, Mother and father contribute equally to the gene pattern of the offsprings through their chromosomes, in which recombination occurs at the time of gametogenesis, In zygote formation, gene pattern of both parents come together, that causes some variations between offsprings and parents and also among the siblings. Science—10 °©) © 39. (@) Different species use different strategies to determine sex of a new born individual. Environmental cue: In some animals, the temperature at which fertilised eggs are kept determines whether the animals developing in the eggs will be a male or female. In some other animals such as snails, individuals can change sex, indicating that sex is not genetically determined. Genetical eue: In human beings, the sex of the individual is largely genetically determined. It means that the genes inherited from our parents decide whether the child born will be a boy or girl. A child who inherits an ‘X’ chromosome from the father will be a girl and the one who inherits a “Y’ chromosome from the father will be a boy. There is an equal probability of fertilization of the ovum with the sperm carrying either "X’ chromosomes or “Y’ chromosomes. Fathers Mathers sperms Zygote otteprings: Fe Determination of sex in humans beings or The basic features of inheritance are: + Traits are controlled by genes present on chromosomes + Bach gene controls one character + There may be two or more forms of the gene. + One form of gene may be dominant over the other. + Individual genes exist in two forms; ‘They may be similar or dissimilar For left eye 1 p=+20D,f=2,P=+ f F a1 f=F p= Wm 450m For right eye P= 425D, f Science—10 °‘The prescribed lenses for both the eyes are converging or convex as their power is positive, (6) The lens is concave lens or diverging lens as the image formed is virtual, erect and magnitude. P, = 45D; P)=-2D P= P,+P, +5D-2D = + 3D ‘Thus, this combination would behave as a convex lens of power +3D. (©) f = 30 em; v = - 20 em; hy = Sem Lens formula For magnified erect image of an object-Position of object is between the optical centre and principal focus of a convex lens eB * Science—10 (19)