ADVANCED

DATABASED SYSTEMS
REPORTING
Presented by Group 4
 GROUP 4
• Princess Mitchelle De Guzman

• Adrian De Vera

• Andrea Mae Dela Cruz

• John Wayne Diaz

HANDLING
DUPLICATE DATA
• Duplicate data leads to inconsistencies, increased
storage usage, reduced system performance, and
inefficient data processing.
WAYS TO HANDLE
DUPLICATE DATA
USING INSERT IGNORE
Prevents errors – If a duplicate entry (like the same
primary key or unique column) is inserted, MySQL
ignores it instead of throwing an error.

Avoids data duplication – It skips inserting rows that

would cause conflicts.

Useful for bulk inserts – When inserting multiple rows,

it ensures that only the new ones are added without
stopping the whole process
 USING INSERT IGNORE
example:
INSERT IGNORE INTO employees (id, name, age)
VALUES (1, 'Alice', 30);

OUTPUT:
• If an employee with id = 1 already exists, the
query will do nothing (no error).

• If id = 1 does not exist, it inserts a new row.

USING REPLACE INTO
• Deletes the existing row with the same primary key
and inserts a new one.
USING REPLACE INTO
example:
REPLACE INTO employees (id, name, age)
VALUES (1, 'Alice', 31);

OUTPUT:

id name age id name age

1 Andrea 21 1 Alice 31
USING ON DUPLICATE
KEY UPDATE
• Updates the existing row if a duplicate key is
found instead of inserting a new row.
USING ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
example:
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, age)
VALUES (1, 'Alice', 30)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE age = 31;

OUTPUT:
• If id = 1 exists,
id name age • If id = 1 does not exist, it
inserts a new row.
1 Alice 31
 What Happens on Duplicate
Command
Key?

INSERT IGNORE Ignores the insert (does nothing)

Deletes the existing row & inserts

REPLACE INTO
a new one

INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY

Updates the existing row
UPDATE
What is
AUTO_INCREMENT?
What is
AUTO_INCREMENT?
• Auto Increment is a feature in SQL that allows you to
automatically generate unique values for a column
when new rows are inserted into a table.
What is
AUTO_INCREMENT?
• Auto Increment is a feature in SQL that allows you to
automatically generate unique values for a column
when new rows are inserted into a table.

• It's commonly used to create surrogate keys, such as

primary keys, that are unique identifiers for each row
in a table.
When would you would
use AUTO_INCREMENT
• Create Primary keys: Auto Increment is often used
to generate unique primary key values for a table,
ensuring each row has a unique identifier.
When would you would
use AUTO_INCREMENT
• Create Primary keys: Auto Increment is often used
to generate unique primary key values for a table,
ensuring each row has a unique identifier.
• Avoid Manual Input: It eliminates the need for
manually specifying values for auto-incremented
columns, reducing the risk of errors.
When would you would
use AUTO_INCREMENT
• Create Primary keys: Auto Increment is often used
to generate unique primary key values for a table,
ensuring each row has a unique identifier.
• Avoid Manual Input: It eliminates the need for
manually specifying values for auto-incremented
columns, reducing the risk of errors.
• Simplify Data Entry: It simplifies data entry, as you
don't have to provide a value for the auto-
incremented column when inserting records.
Example query Here's an example SQL query to
create a table named "employees" with an auto-
incremented primary key column "employee_id":
CREATE TABLE employees
( employee_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
first_name VARCHAR(50),
last_name VARCHAR(50) );
HOW MYSQL AUTO-GENERATES
PRIMARY KEY VALUES
example:
• CREATE TABLE employees (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT
PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(50), age INT);

• INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Bob', 28),

('Charlie', 35);

OUTPUT:
id name age

1 Bob 28

2 Charlie 35
Use cases
• Primary Key Generation: To create unique primary keys for
each row in a table, ensuring data integrity and easy
referencing of records.
Use cases
• Primary Key Generation: To create unique primary keys for
each row in a table, ensuring data integrity and easy
referencing of records.
• Simplifying Data Entry: It simplifies data insertion by
automatically generating unique values for a column,
removing the need for manual input.
Use cases
• Primary Key Generation: To create unique primary keys for
each row in a table, ensuring data integrity and easy
referencing of records.
• Simplifying Data Entry: It simplifies data insertion by
automatically generating unique values for a column,
removing the need for manual input.
• Error Reduction: By automatically generating values, it
reduces the risk of errors and ensures that each row has a
unique identifier.
Changing the AUTO_INCREMENT
value
You can use the ‘ALTER TABLE’ statement
to assign a new value to the
AUTO_INCREMENT table option or set the
insert_id server system variable to
change the next AUTO_INCREMENT value
inserted by the current session.
 ALTER TABLE animals AUTO_INCREMENT=8;
INSERT INTO animals (name) VALUES ('aardvark’);
EXAMPLE: SELECT * FROM animals;
+----+-----------+
| id | name |
+----+-----------+
| 1 | dog |
| 2 | cat |
| 3 | penguin|
| 4 | fox |
| 5 | whale |
| 6 | ostrich |
| 8 |aardvark|
+----+-----------+
SET insert_id=12;
INSERT INTO animals (name) VALUES ('gorilla’);
SELECT * FROM animals;
+----+-----------+
| id | name |
+----+-----------+
| 1 | dog |
| 2 | cat |
| 3 | penguin|
| 4 | fox |
| 5 | whale |
| 6 | ostrich |
| 8 |aardvark|
| 12 | gorilla |
+----+-----------+
USING SELECT INTO
FOR DATA COPYING
• Copying Data from One Table to Another
• Allows us to quickly create a backup or transfer
data from one table to another.
• It is efficient for making temporary copies,
archiving data, or moving data between databases.
• This method ensures that the copied data retains
its structure while minimizing manual effort.
CREATING BACKUP
TABLES
• The SELECT INTO statement is useful for making
backup copies of tables.
CREATING BACKUP TABLES
Example:
BULK DATA
MANIPULATION
• Involves handling large volumes of data efficiently in
a database.
• It includes inserting, updating, and deleting
multiple records at once to improve performance
and reduce processing time.
• Efficient handling of large data operations can
improve performance
BULK INSERTS WITH
MULTIPLE VALUES
• Instead of inserting rows one by one, use
bulk inserts to improve efficiency.
example:
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, age) VALUES
(3, 'David', 40),
(4, 'Emma', 29);
EFFICIENT BATCH
UPDATES AND DELETES
Updates:
• Instead of updating one row at a time, it
Modifies multiple records based on conditions
or use CASE for batch updates.
Deletes:
• Deleting multiple rows at once reduces
query execution time.
 Current:
UPDATES id name status last_login

• Modifies multiple 1 Alice inactive 2023-12-20

records based on
2 Bob inactive 2024-02-15
conditions.
3 Charlie inactive 2024-01-05

UPDATE users
SET status = 'active'
WHERE last_login >= OUTPUT:
'2024-01-01';
id name status last_login

1 Alice inactive 2023-12-20

2 Bob active 2024-02-15

3 Charlie active 2024-01-05

UPDATES id name age

• Instead of updating one

row at a time, use CASE 1 Alice 31

for batch updates.

2 Bob 28

3 David 40
UPDATE employees
SET age = CASE
WHEN id = 2 THEN 29 OUTPUT:
WHEN id = 3 THEN 36 id name age
END
WHERE id IN (2, 3);
1 Alice 31

2 Bob 29

3 David 36
 id name age

1 Alice 31

2 Bob 28

DELETES
3 David 40

4 Emma 29

DELETE FROM employees

WHERE id IN (2, 3); id name age

OUTPUT: 1 Alice 31

4 Emma 29
THANK
You