ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI LỚP 10

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

I. KEY CONCEPTS (KHÁI NIỆM CHÍNH)

Contents
A. NGỮ PHÁP (Grammar) ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Thì của động từ (Tenses) ...................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Câu điều kiện (Conditional Sentences) ............................................................................................... 1
3.1 Câu bị động (Passive Voice)................................................................................................................. 2
4.1 Câu gián tiếp (Reported Speech) ......................................................................................................... 2
5.1 Mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative Clauses).................................................................................................... 2
6.1 Câu hỏi đuôi (Tag Questions) ............................................................................................................... 3
7.1 Câu so sánh (Comparisons) ................................................................................................................. 3
8.1 Động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verbs) .................................................................................................... 3
9.1 Danh động từ và động từ nguyên mẫu (Gerunds and Infinitives)........................................................ 4
10.1 Liên từ (Conjunctions) .......................................................................................................................... 4
B. LUYÊN TẬP: .......................................................................................................................................... 6
Bài tập 1: Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành câu .......................................................................................... 6
Bài tập 2: Thêm từ phù hợp vào: ................................................................................................................... 7
Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu thành câu đơn hoặc thêm từ vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành câu ............................. 10
Bài tập 4: Câu bị động: ............................................................................................................................... 11
Bài tập 5: Câu trực tiếp gián tiếp: ............................................................................................................... 12
C. ĐỀ THI THỬ: ........................................................................................................................................ 14
ĐỀ SỐ 1:....................................................................................................................................................... 14

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A. NGỮ PHÁP (Grammar)
1.1 Thì của động từ (Tenses)
a. Hiện tại đơn (Present Simple)

Cấu trúc: S + V(s/es) + O

Ví dụ: She goes to school every day.

b. Quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)

Cấu trúc: S + V2/ed + O

Ví dụ: They visited their grandparents last weekend.

c. Tương lai đơn (Future Simple)

Cấu trúc: S + will + V(infinitive) + O

Ví dụ: I will call you tomorrow.

d. Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)

Cấu trúc: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O

Ví dụ: He is reading a book now.

e. Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous)

Cấu trúc: S + was/were + V-ing + O

Ví dụ: They were watching TV when I arrived.

f. Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect)

Cấu trúc: S + have/has + V3/ed + O

Ví dụ: She has lived here for five years.

g. Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)

Cấu trúc: S + had + V3/ed + O

Ví dụ: By the time we arrived, the movie had started.

2.1 Câu điều kiện (Conditional Sentences)

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 a. Loại 0 (Zero Conditional)
a. Cấu trúc: If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (hiện tại đơn)
b. Ví dụ: If you heat water, it boils.
b. Loại 1 (First Conditional)
a. Cấu trúc: If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + will + V(infinitive)
b. Ví dụ: If it rains, we will stay at home.
c. Loại 2 (Second Conditional)
a. Cấu trúc: If + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + would + V(infinitive)
b. Ví dụ: If I were you, I would study harder.
d. Loại 3 (Third Conditional)
a. Cấu trúc: If + S + had + V3/ed, S + would have + V3/ed
b. Ví dụ: If they had known, they would have come earlier.

3.1 Câu bị động (Passive Voice)

Hiện tại đơn S + am/is/are + V3/ed
- Ví dụ: The book is read by Mary.
Quá khứ đơn S + was/were + V3/ed
- Ví dụ: The cake was baked by John.
Tương lai đơn S + will be + V3/ed
- Ví dụ: The project will be completed by the team.
Hiện tại hoàn thành S + have/has been + V3/ed
- Ví dụ: The letter has been sent by Susan.

4.1 Câu gián tiếp (Reported Speech)

Lời nói trực tiếp và gián tiếp
- Câu khẳng định: "I am happy," she said. → She said (that) she was happy.
- Câu hỏi: "Are you coming?" he asked. → He asked if I was coming.
- Câu mệnh lệnh: "Close the door," he said. → He told me to close the door.

5.1 Mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative Clauses)

Who Dùng để chỉ người.
- Ví dụ: The man who lives next door is a doctor.
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Whom Dùng để chỉ người (tân ngữ).
- Ví dụ: The woman whom you met yesterday is my aunt.
Which Dùng để chỉ vật.
- Ví dụ: The book which is on the table is mine.
That Dùng để chỉ cả người và vật.
- Ví dụ: The car that he bought is expensive.
Whose Dùng để chỉ sở hữu.
- Ví dụ: The girl whose father is a teacher studies here.

6.1 Câu hỏi đuôi (Tag Questions)

Cấu trúc Mệnh đề chính, trợ động từ + đại từ?
- Ví dụ: You are a student, aren't you? / She can't swim, can she?

7.1 Câu so sánh (Comparisons)

So sánh hơn S + be + adj-er + than + N/Pronoun
- Ví dụ: She is taller than her sister.
So sánh nhất S + be + the + adj-est + N
- Ví dụ: He is the tallest boy in the class.
So sánh bằng S + be + as + adj + as + N/Pronoun
- Ví dụ: This book is as interesting as that one.

8.1 Động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verbs)

Can/Could Khả năng, sự cho phép.
- Ví dụ: I can swim. / Could you help me?
May/Might Khả năng xảy ra.
- Ví dụ: It may rain tomorrow.
Must Sự bắt buộc.
- Ví dụ: You must wear a helmet.
Should Lời khuyên.
- Ví dụ: You should study harder.
Would Lời mời, yêu cầu lịch sự.
- Ví dụ: Would you like a cup of tea?
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 9.1 Danh động từ và động từ nguyên mẫu (Gerunds and Infinitives)
- Gerunds (V-ing) Sử dụng sau một số động từ như enjoy, avoid, mind.

Ví dụ: She enjoys reading books.

- Infinitives (to V) Sử dụng sau một số động từ như want, decide, hope.

Ví dụ: He wants to learn English.

- Giới từ (Prepositions)

AT Thời gian cụ thể, địa điểm cụ thể.

Ví dụ: At 5 o'clock, at the bus stop.

IN Tháng, năm, mùa, địa điểm lớn.

Ví dụ: In June, in 2023, in the park.

ON Ngày trong tuần, ngày tháng.

Ví dụ: On Monday, on 1st July.

10.1 Liên từ (Conjunctions)

AND: Kết nối các ý tương đồng.

Ví dụ: I like apples and oranges.

BUT Kết nối các ý tương phản.

Ví dụ: She is tall but her sister is short.

OR Lựa chọn.

Ví dụ: You can have tea or coffee.

SO Kết quả.

Ví dụ: He was tired, so he went to bed.

BECAUSE Nguyên nhân.

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Ví dụ: She is happy because she passed the exam.

ALTHOUGH Mặc dù.

Ví dụ: Although it was raining, they went out.

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 B. LUYÊN TẬP:

Bài tập 1: Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành câu

1. She usually ______ (go) to school by bus. A. go B. goes C. went D. gone

2. They ______ (have) dinner when I arrived. A. have B. had C. were having D. are having

3. By the time we got to the cinema, the movie ______ (start).

A. started B. had started C. has started D. starts

4. I think it ______ (rain) tomorrow. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining

5. He ______ (work) in this company since 2010. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. is working

6. When I was a child, I ______ (go) to the beach every summer.

A. go B. went C. have gone D. was going

7. She ______ (finish) her homework before she went out.

A. finishes B. finished C. had finished D. was finishing

8. We ______ (buy) a new car next month. A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought

9. They ______ (study) English for three years. A. study B. studied C. are studying D. have been studying

10. While I ______ (watch) TV, my brother was reading a book.

A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching

11. She ______ (not/see) him for a long time.

A. does not see B. did not see C. has not seen D. had not seen

12. By next summer, they ______ (build) the new bridge.

A. build B.built C. will have built D. have built

13. He ______ (play) the guitar when I saw him.

A. plays B. played C. was playing D. is playing

14. I ______ (already/read) that book.

A. already read B. have already read C. already reads D. already reading

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 15. Next week, we ______ (go) to the museum.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone

16. She ______ (cook) dinner when the phone rang. A. cooks B. cooked C. was cooking D. is cooking

17. They ______ (live) in this city for 10 years before they moved.

A. live B. lived C. have lived D. had lived

18. I ______ (not/finish) my homework yet.

A. do not finish B. did not finish C. have not finished D. had not finished

19. By the end of this month, I ______ (work) here for five years.
A. work B. worked C. will have worked D. have worked

20. When she ______ (arrive), they were having dinner.

A. arrive B. arrived C. arrives D. arriving

Bài tập 2: Thêm từ phù hợp vào:

Câu hỏi đuôi (Tag questions)

1. She is your sister, ______?

2. You don't like coffee, ______?

3. They have finished their homework, ______?

4. He can swim well, ______?

5. We should go now, ______?

6. She wasn't at the party, ______?

7. You will help me, ______?

8. They haven't seen that movie, ______?

9. He is coming with us, ______?

10. You were at home last night, ______?

Mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative clauses)

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 11. The book is on the table. It is mine.

 The book ______ is on the table is mine.

12. The man is my uncle. He is standing over there.

 The man ______ is standing over there is my uncle.

13. She is the girl. Her father is a doctor.

 She is the girl ______ father is a doctor.

14. I met a woman. She can speak six languages.

 I met a woman ______ can speak six languages.

15. This is the house. We bought it last year.

 This is the house ______ we bought last year.

16. The car is very expensive. He is driving it.

 The car ______ he is driving is very expensive.

17. The movie was interesting. We watched it last night.

 The movie ______ we watched last night was interesting.

18. The boy is very smart. I am teaching him.

 The boy ______ I am teaching is very smart.

19. The woman is my neighbor. I borrowed her car.

 The woman ______ car I borrowed is my neighbor.

20. The city is beautiful. I was born there.

 The city ______ I was born is beautiful.

Liên từ (Conjunctions: Because, So that, Although)

21. She was late. She missed the bus.

 She was late ______ she missed the bus.

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22. He studied hard. He wanted to pass the exam.

 He studied hard ______ he could pass the exam.

23. It was raining. They went out.

 ______ it was raining, they went out.

24. She didn't come to the party. She was sick.

 She didn't come to the party ______ she was sick.

25. He works hard. He wants to earn more money.

 He works hard ______ he can earn more money.

26. She is very tired. She continues to work.

 ______ she is very tired, she continues to work.

27. They moved to the city. They wanted better job opportunities.

 They moved to the city ______ they wanted better job opportunities.

28. I will go to bed early. I have to wake up early tomorrow.

 I will go to bed early ______ I can wake up early tomorrow.

29. He loves her. She doesn't love him.

 ______ he loves her, she doesn't love him.

30. She couldn't attend the meeting. She had a prior engagement.

 She couldn't attend the meeting ______ she had a prior engagement.

31. He saved money. He wanted to buy a new car.

 He saved money ______ he could buy a new car.

32. They didn't win the game. They played very well.

 ______ they played very well, they didn't win the game.

33. She went to the doctor. She was feeling unwell.

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  She went to the doctor ______ she was feeling unwell.

34. He took a taxi. He didn't want to be late.

 He took a taxi ______ he wouldn't be late.

35. The weather was cold. They went for a walk.

 ______ the weather was cold, they went for a walk.

36. She didn't go to school. She was tired.

 She didn't go to school ______ she was tired.

37. He wears glasses. He wants to see better.

 He wears glasses ______ he can see better.

38. He is rich. He is not happy.

 ______ he is rich, he is not happy.

39. She can't come to the party. She has to work.

 She can't come to the party ______ she has to work.

40. I am studying hard. I want to get good grades.

 I am studying hard ______ I can get good grades.

Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu thành câu đơn hoặc thêm từ vào chỗ trống để hoàn
thành câu
1. It was very cold. They went swimming.

2. The woman is my teacher. She is talking to John.

3. You are coming to the party, ______?

4. She didn't pass the exam. She studied very hard.

5. The dog is very friendly. It lives next door.

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 6. They haven't finished their project, ______?

7. The book was interesting. I borrowed it from the library.

8. She can speak French, ______?

9. He is very busy. He always helps us.

10. The girl is my cousin. You met her last week.

11. The weather was bad. We had a great time.

12. He wasn't at the meeting, ______?

13. The house is very old. We are living in it.

14. We should leave now, ______?

15. She is very tired. She finished her work.

16. The boy is very clever. His father is a famous scientist.

17. The movie was great. We watched it last night.

18. The teacher is very kind. She teaches us English.

19. The car is expensive. He bought it last month.

20. The city is famous for its beautiful beaches. I was born there.

Bài tập 4: Câu bị động:

1. The new software ______ (develop) by the IT department. A. is developed B. was developed C. will be
developed D. has been developed

2. The report ______ (submit) by the manager yesterday. A. is submitted B. was submitted C. will be
submitted D. has been submitted

3. The environment ______ (protect) by new regulations. A. is protected B. was protected C. will be
protected D. has been protected

4. The job application ______ (send) by email. A. is sent B. was sent C. will be sent D. has been sent

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 5. The food ______ (prepare) by the chef right now. A. is prepared B. was prepared C. will be prepared D. is
being prepared

6. The documents ______ (review) by the legal team last week. A. are reviewed B. were reviewed C. will be
reviewed D. have been reviewed

7. The new recycling program ______ (implement) next month. A. is implemented B. was implemented C.
will be implemented D. has been implemented

8. The project ______ (complete) by the end of this year. A. is completed B. was completed C. will be
completed D. has been completed

9. The meeting ______ (hold) at the main office. A. is held B. was held C. will be held D. has been held

10. The new product ______ (launch) last week. A. is launched B. was launched C. will be launched D. has
been launched

Bài tập 5: Câu trực tiếp gián tiếp:

1. She said, "I will finish the project tomorrow."
A. She said that she will finish the project tomorrow.
B. She said that she would finish the project tomorrow.
C. She said that she would finish the project the next day.
D. She said that she will finish the project the next day.

2. He asked, "Do you like this new technology?"

A. He asked if I like this new technology.
B. He asked if I liked this new technology.
C. He asked if I had liked this new technology.
D. He asked if I will like this new technology.

3. "We have completed the environmental report," they said.

A. They said that they have completed the environmental report.
B. They said that they had completed the environmental report.
C. They said that they completed the environmental report.
D. They said that they will complete the environmental report.

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4. "What time does the job interview start?" she asked.
A. She asked what time does the job interview start.
B. She asked what time did the job interview start.
C. She asked what time the job interview started.
D. She asked what time the job interview starts.

5. He said, "I am cooking dinner now."

A. He said that he is cooking dinner now.
B. He said that he was cooking dinner now.
C. He said that he is cooking dinner then.
D. He said that he was cooking dinner then.

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C. ĐỀ THI THỬ:

ĐỀ SỐ 1:
Phần 1: Ngữ âm, trọng âm (5 câu)
Chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác với các từ còn lại:

A. cats B. dogs C. books D. pens

A. eat B. each C. bread D. sea

A. chair B. cheese C. character D. child

A. open B. go C. hot D. no

A. about B. apply C. apple D. arrive

Phần 2: Ngữ pháp các thì (10 câu)

Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành câu:
1. She usually ______ to school by bus.
A. go B. goes C. went D. gone
2. They ______ dinner when I arrived.
A. have B. had C. were having D. are having
3. By the time we got to the cinema, the movie ______.
A. started B. had started C. has started D. starts
4. I think it ______ tomorrow.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
5. He ______ in this company since 2010.
A. works B. worked C. has worked D. is working
6. When I was a child, I ______ to the beach every summer.
A. go B. went C. have gone D. was going
7. She ______ her homework before she went out.
A. finishes B. finished C. had finished D. was finishing
8. We ______ a new car next month.
A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought
9. They ______ English for three years.
A. study B. studied C. are studying D. have been studying
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 10. While I ______ TV, my brother was reading a book.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching
Phần 3: Từ vựng chủ đề (5 câu)
Chọn từ đúng để hoàn thành câu:
1. My ______ consists of my parents, my sister, and me. A. job B. family C. sport D. travel
2. He works as a ______ in a big company. A. teacher B. doctor C. engineer D. lawyer
3. Football is one of the most popular ______ in the world. A. jobs B. families C. sports D. travels
4. They plan to ______ to Japan next summer. A. travel B. job C. family D. sport
5. The festival is a great opportunity to learn about different ______. A. families B. jobs C. sports
D. cultures
Phần 4: Từ loại (5 câu)
Chọn từ đúng để hoàn thành câu:
1. She is a very ______ student. A. intelligence B. intelligent C. intelligently D. intelligence
2. He ______ the ball very hard. A. kick B. kicks C. kicked D. kicking
3. The ______ of the book is very interesting. A. writer B. writes C. writing D. written
4. They are planning to ______ a new project. A. start B. starting C. started D. starts
5. She ______ up early every morning. A. get B. gets C. getting D. got
Phần 5: Đọc hiểu trả lời câu hỏi (10 câu)

“Technology has revolutionized the way we live and work. From smartphones to laptops,
technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. It has also transformed industries
such as healthcare, education, and entertainment. However, with these advancements come
challenges such as data privacy and cybersecurity threats. It is crucial to address these issues to
ensure a safe and secure digital environment.”

Đọc đoạn văn và chọn đáp án đúng:

1. What has technology revolutionized?

A. Our lives
B. Our work
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B

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2. What has technology made more convenient and efficient?
A. Healthcare
B. Education
C. Entertainment
D. Our lives
3. Which industry has NOT been transformed by technology according to the passage?
A. Healthcare
B. Education
C. Entertainment
D. Agriculture
4. What challenges come with technological advancements?
A. Data privacy
B. Cybersecurity threats
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
5. Why is it crucial to address these challenges?
A. To ensure a safe and secure digital environment
B. To make our lives more convenient
C. To transform industries
D. To revolutionize technology
6. Which device is mentioned as an example of technology?
A. Television
B. Smartphone
C. Radio
D. Tablet
7. How has technology affected healthcare?
A. It has made it less efficient
B. It has transformed it
C. It has no effect
D. It has made it worse
8. What is one of the benefits of technology mentioned in the passage?
A. It has made our lives more convenient

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 B. It has created more jobs
C. It has decreased data privacy
D. It has increased cybersecurity threats
9. What should we do to address the challenges of technology?
A. Ignore them
B. Address them
C. Avoid them
D. Embrace them
10. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Technology has no impact on our lives

B. Technology has only negative effects

C. Technology has revolutionized our lives but brings challenges

D. Technology is not important

Phần 6: Viết lại câu hoàn chỉnh (5 câu)

Viết lại câu sử dụng các kiến thức về câu hỏi đuôi, so sánh, câu bị động, và liên từ:
1. She is very smart. She can solve the problem easily. (so...that)
she is so smart that she can solve the problem easily
___________________________________________________
2. The cake was delicious. Everyone enjoyed it. (such...that)
It was such a delicious cake that everyone enjoyed it
___________________________________________________
3. They built the bridge in 2010. (Passive voice)
the bridge was built in 2010
___________________________________________________
4. He doesn't like coffee, does he? (Tag question)
Does he like coffe?
___________________________________________________
5. Although it was raining, they went out. (but)
___________________________________________________
it was raining,but the went out

-THE END-

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ĐỀ SỐ 2

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