ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
AND
DETAILED SYLLABUS

GR22

Bachelor of Technology
(Computer Science and Information
Technology)
(Effective for the students admitted from the Academic Year 2023-24)

GOKARAJU RANGARAJU
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous)
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Bachupally, Kukatpally, Hyderabad-500090,Telangana
Tel: +91 7207344440
URL: www.griet.ac.in, E-Mail: [email protected]
 ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
&
DETAILED SYLLABUS

Bachelor of Technology
Compter Science and Information
Technology
(Four Year Regular Programme)
(Applicable for Batches Admitted from 2023-24)

GOKARAJU RANGARAJU
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Bachupally, Kukatpally, Hyderabad,
49
Telangana, India- 500090
49
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
HYDERABAD
Academic Regulations for B.Tech (Regular) under GR22
(Applicable for Batches Admitted from 2023-24)

Under Graduate Degree Programme in Engineering and Technology (UG)

Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology (GRIET) offers a 4-year (8
Semesters) Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech) degree programme. The following programmes are
offered in GRIET.

Programme
S.No Department Programme
Code

1 Civil Engineering 01 B.Tech Civil Engineering

Electrical and Electronics B.Tech Electrical and

2 02
Engineering Electronics Engineering

B.Tech Mechanical
3 Mechanical Engineering 03
Engineering

Electronics and Communication B.Tech Electronics and

4 04
Engineering Communication Engineering

Computer Science and B.Tech Computer Science and

5 05
Engineering Engineering

B.Tech Information
6 Information Technology 12
Technology

Computer Science and Business B.Tech Computer Science &

7 32
System Business System

Computer Science and B.Tech Computer Science and

8 66 Engineering (AIML)
Engineering (AIML)

Computer Science and B.Tech Computer Science and

9 67 Engineering (Data Science)
Engineering (Data Science)

Computer Science and B.Tech Computer Science and

10 Engineering (Artificial 61 Engineering (Artificial
Intelligence) Intelligence

Computer Science and Information B.Tech Computer Science and

11 33 Information Technology
Technology

i
GR22 Regulations shall govern the above programmes offered by the Departments with effect from the
students admitted to the programmes in 2022-23 academic year is given below.

1. Medium of Instruction: The medium of instruction (including examinations and reports) is English.

2. Admissions: Admission to the undergraduate (UG) Programme shall be made subject to the
eligibility, qualifications and specialization prescribed by the Telangana State Government/JNTUH
University from time to time. Admissions shall be made either on the basis of themerit rank obtained
by the student in the common entrance examination conducted by the Government/University or on
the basis of any other order of merit approved by the Government/University, subject to reservations
as prescribed by the Government/University from time to time.

3. Programme Pattern:

a) Each Academic Year of study is divided into two semesters.

b) Minimum number of instruction days in each semester is 90.
c) Grade points, based on percentage of marks awarded for each course will form the basis for
calculation of SGPA (Semester Grade Point Average) and CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point
Average).
d) The total credits for the Programme are 160.
e) A student has a choice to register for all courses in a semester / one less or one additional course
from other semesters provided the student satisfies prerequisites.
f) All the registered credits except Mandatory and Value Added Courses will be considered for the
calculation of final CGPA.
g) Each semester has ‘Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE)’ and ‘Semester End Examination (SEE)’.
Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) and Credit Based Semester System (CBSS) as indicated by
UGC, and course structure as suggested by AICTE are followed. The terms 'subject' and 'course'
imply the same meaning.
h) Course Classification: All courses offered for all undergraduate programmes in B.Tech degree
programmes are broadly classified as follows.

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 Broad Course Course Group/
S. No. Classification Category Course Description

1 BS Basic Science Includes Basic Science Courses

2 ES Engineering Science Includes Engineering Courses

Humanities andSocial
3 HS Sciences Includes Management Courses

Includes Core Courses related to the

Professional Core parent discipline/department/ branch of
4 PC
Engineering

Includes Elective Courses related to the

Professional Elective parent discipline/ department/ branch of
5 PE
Engineering

Elective Courses from other technical

6 OE Open Elective
and/or emerging subjects

Project work, seminar and internship in

PW Project Work
7 industry or elsewhere

Environmental Sciences, Induction training,

Indian Constitution, Essence ofIndian
8 MC Mandatory Courses Traditional Knowledge, Co and Extra
Curricular Activities
Courses on current industry relevant topics
9 VAC Value Added Courses
improving breadth and depth in domain

4. Award of B.Tech Degree: The Undergraduate Degree of B.Tech shall be conferred by Jawaharlal
Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, on the students who are admitted
tothe programme and fulfill all the following academic requirements for the award of the degree
a) A student pursues the course of study and completes it successfully in not less than four
academic years and not more than eight academic years.
b) A student has to register for all the 160 credits and secure all credits (with CGPA ≥ 5).
c) A student must fulfill all the academic requirements for the award of the degree.

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5. Attendance Requirements:
a) A student shall be eligible to appear for the semester-end examinations if he/she puts in a minimum
of 75% of attendance in aggregate in all the courses concerned in the semester.
b) Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10% (65% and above and below 75%)
in a semester may be granted. A committee headed by Dean (Academic Affairs) shall be the
deciding authority for granting the condonation.
c) Students who have been granted condonation shall pay a fee as decided by the Finance Committee.
d) Shortage of Attendance more than 10% (attendance less than 65% in aggregate) shall in no case be
condoned.
e) Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned in any semester are detained and are not
eligible to take their end examinations of that semester. They get detained and their registration
for that semester shall stand cancelled, including all academic credentials (internal marks etc.,) of
that semester. They will not be promoted to the next semester. They may seek re-registration for
all those subjects registered in that semester in which the student is detained, by seeking re-
admission into that semester as and when offered; if there are any professional electives and/ or
open electives, the same may also be reregistered if offered. However, if those electives are not
offered in later semesters, then alternate electives may be chosen from the same set of elective
subjects offered under that category.

A student fulfilling the attendance requirement in the present semester shall not be eligible for
readmission into the same class.

6. Paper Setting, Evaluation of Answer Scripts, Marks and Assessment:

a) Paper setting and evaluation of the answer scripts shall be done as per the procedures laid down by
the Academic Council from time to time.

b) Distribution and Weightage of marks

S. No Components Internal External Total

1 Theory 40 60 100
2 Practical 40 60 100
3 Graphics for Engineers 40 60 100
4 Mini Project 40 60 100
5 Project Work 40 60 100

c) Continuous Internal Evaluation and Semester End Examinations: The assessment of the
student’sperformance in each course will be based on Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) and
Semester-End Examination (SEE). The marks for each of the component of assessment are fixed as
shown in the following Table.

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Assessment Procedure:

Component of Marks Type of

S. No Scheme of Examinations
Assessment Allotted Assessment
1) Two mid semester examination shall be
conducted for 30 marks each for a
durationof 120 minutes. Average of the
Internal two mid exams shall be considered.
Examination i) Subjective – 20 marks
40 & ii) Objective – 10 marks
2) Continuous Evaluation is for each unit
1 Theory Continuous
using
Evaluation i) Assignment – 05 marks
ii) Quiz/Subject Viva-voce/PPT/Poster
Presentation/ Case Study on a topic in
theconcerned subject – 05 marks
Semester end The semester-end examination is for a
60
examination duration of 3 hours
One internal lab examination towards the
end of course for a duration of 90 minutes
Internal with a viva of 5 minutes.
Examination i) Internal Exam-10 marks
40 & ii) Viva voce – 10 marks
iii) Continuous Assessment-10 marks
Continuous
iv) G-Lab on Board(G-LOB) (Case study
Evaluation inter threading of all experiments of
lab)/ Laboratory Project/Prototype
Presentation/App Development-10
marks

The semester-end examination is for a

2 Practical duration of 3 hours.
i) write-up
(algorithm/flowchart/procedure) as
per the task/experiment/program - 10
marks
60 Semester end ii) task/experiment/program-15 marks
examination iii) evaluation of results -15 marks
iv) write-up
(algorithm/flowchart/procedure)
for another
task/experiment/program-10
marks
v) viva-voce on concerned laboratory
course - 10 marks

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 1) Two mid semester examination shall be
conducted for 15 marks each for a
duration of 90 minutes. Average of the
Internal two mid exams shall be considered
Examination 2) Day-to-Day activity -15 marks
40 3) Continuous Evaluation using
Graphics & Continuous
3 for Evaluation • Assignment – 05 marks
Engineers • Quiz/Subject Viva-voce/PPT/Poster
Presentation/ Case Study on a
topic in the concerned subject – 05
marks
Semester end The semester-end examination is for a
60 duration of 3 hours
examination

d) Mini Project:

Component
Marks Type of
S. No of Scheme of Examinations
Allotted Assessment
Assessment
1) The supervisor continuously assesses the
students for 20 marks
i) Continuous Assessment – 15 marks
 Abstract Presentation - 3 marks
 Architectural Design Presentation -
3marks
Continuous  Modules Presentation - 3 marks
Evaluation  Execution Cycle 1 Presentation - 3 marks
40
&  Execution Cycle 2 Presentation - 3 marks
Internal ii) Report – 5 marks
Evaluation 2) At the end of the semester, Mini Project shall
be displayed in the road show at the department
1 Mini Project level. Mini Project is evaluated by Mini Project
Review Committee for 10 marks.
3) Technical Event Participation in project
area/MOOCs Course in project area/ Paper
Publication/Publishing or Granting of a
Patent/Hackathon participation/ Book Publication
– 10 marks
The mini project report shall be presented
before Project Review Committee in the
60 External
presence of External Examiner and the same is
Evaluation
evaluated for 60 marks.

Note:
i) Mini Project Review Committee consists of HoD, Mini Project Coordinator and Supervisor.
ii) Plagiarism check is compulsory for mini project report as per the plagiarism policy of GRIET.

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e) Internship/Skill Development Course/ Industrial Training: Internship/Skill Development
Course/Industrial Training shall be done by the student immediately after II-Year II Semester
Examinations and pursue it during summer vacation/semester break & during III Year without effecting
regular course work. Internship/Skill Development Course/Industrial Training at reputed organization
shall be submitted in a report form and presented before the committee in III-year II semester before end
semester examination.

f) Project Work (Phase–I and Phase-II):

Component
Marks Type of
S. No of Scheme of Examinations
Assessment Allotted Assessment
1) The supervisor continuously assesses the
students for 20 marks
i) Continuous Assessment – 15 marks
• Abstract Presentation - 3 marks
• Architectural Design Presentation - 3
marks
• Modules Presentation - 3 marks
Continuous • Execution Cycle 1 Presentation - 3 marks
Evaluation • Execution Cycle 2 Presentation - 3 marks
& ii) Report – 5 marks
Internal 2) At the end of the semester, Mini Project
40
Evaluation shall be displayed in the road show at the
Project Work department level. Mini Project is evaluated
1 (Phase- I and by Mini Project Review Committee for 10
Phase -II) marks.
3) Technical Event Participation in project
area/MOOCs Course in project area/ Paper
Publication/Publishing or Granting of a
Patent/Hackathon participation/ Book
Publication – 10 marks.
The Project report shall be presented before
Project Review Committee in the presence
External
60 of External Examiner and the
Evaluation
same is evaluated for 60 marks.
Note:
i) Project Review Committee consists of HoD, Project Coordinator and Supervisor.
ii) Plagiarism check is compulsory for project work report (Phase I and Phase II) as per the
plagiarism policy of GRIET.
iii) The above rules are applicable for both Phase I and Phase II.

g) The evaluation of courses having ONLY internal marks in I-Year I Semester and II Semester is as
follows:
 I Year courses: The internal evaluation is for 50 marks and it shall take place during I Mid-Term
examination and II Mid-Term examination. The average marks of two Mid-Term examinations is the
finalfor 50 marks. Student shall have to earn 40%, i.e 20 marks out of 50 marks from average of the

vii
 two examinations. There shall be NO external evaluation. The student is deemed to have failed, if he/she
(i) is absent as per schedule, or (ii) secures less than 40% marks in this course.
 II Year II Semester Real-Time/Field-based Research Project/Societal Related Project course: The
internal evaluation is for 50 marks and it shall take place during I Mid-Term examination and II Mid-
Term examination. The average marks of two Mid-Term examinations is the final for 50 marks. Student
shall have to earn 40%, i.e 20 marks out of 50 marks from average of the two examinations. There shall
be NO external evaluation. The student is deemed to have failed, if he/she (i) does not submit a report
on the Project, or (ii) does not make a presentation of the same before the internal committee as per
schedule, or secures less than 40% marks in this course.

7. Recounting of Marks in the End Examination Answer Books: A student can request for recounting
of his/her answer book on payment of a prescribed fee.

8. Re-evaluation of the End Examination Answer Books: A student can request for re- evaluation of
his/her answer book on payment of a prescribed fee.

9. Supplementary Examinations: A student who has failed to secure the required credits can register for
a supplementary examination, as per the schedule announced by the College for a prescribed fee.

10. Malpractices in Examinations: Disciplinary action shall be taken in case of malpractices during Mid/
End-examinations as per the rules framed by the Academic Council.

11. Re-registration for mid examination: A student shall be given one time chance to re-register for a
maximum of two subjects in a semester:
 If the internal marks secured by a student in Continuous Internal Evaluation marks for 40 (sum of
average of 2 mid-term examinations, average of all assignments and Subject Viva-voce/ PPT/Poster
Presentation/Case Study on a topic in the concerned subject) are less than 35% and failed in those
subjects

A student must re-register for the failed subject(s) for 40 marks within four weeks of commencement
of the classwork when the course is offered next, it could be semester for first years and a year for
others.

In the event of the student taking this chance, his/her Continuous Internal Evaluation marks for 40
and Semester End Examination marks for 60 obtained in the previous attempt stand cancelled.

12. Academic Requirements and Promotion Rules:

a) A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits
allotted to each subject/ course, if student secures not less than 35% (14 marks out of 40), not less
than 35% (21 marks out of 60 marks) in the semester end examination, and a minimum of 40% (40
marks out of 100 marks) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE
(Semester End Examination) taken together.

The student is eligible to write Semester End Examination of the concerned subject/course if the student
scores ≥ 35% (14 marks) of 40 Continuous Internal Examination (CIE) marks.
In case, the student appears for Semester End Examination (SEE) of the concerned subject/course but not
scored minimum 35% of CIE marks (14 marks out of 40 internal marks), his/her performance in that
subject/course in SEE shall stand cancelled inspite of appearing the SEE.

b) A student shall be promoted to the next year only when he/she satisfies the requirements of
all the previous semesters.
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 S.No Promotion Conditions to be fulfilled

1 First year first semester to First Regular course of study of First year first
year second semester semester.
(i) Regular course of study of First year
second semester.
(ii) Must have secured at least 50%
First year second semester to credits up to First year second
2
Second year first semester semester from all the relevant
regular and supplementary
examinations, whether the student
takes those examinations or not.

3 Second year first semester to Regular course of study of Second year first
Second year second semester semester.
(i) Regular course of study of Second
year second semester
(ii) Must have secured at least 60%
Second year second semester to credits up to Second year second
4 semester from all the relevant regular
Third year first semester
and supplementary examinations,
whether the student takes those
examinations or not.

5 Third year first semester to Regular course of study of Third year first
Third year second semester semester.
(i) Regular course of study of Third year
second semester.
(ii) Must have secured at least 60% credits
up to Third year second semester from
Third year second semesterto all the relevant regular and
6
Fourth year first semester supplementary examinations, whether
the student takes those examinations or
not.
(i)

Fourth year first semester to Regular course of study of Fourth year first
7
Fourth year second semester semester.

c) Provision of opting 2 OE courses through online mode.

d) Choice of placement-oriented value-added courses in every semester from II year till IV year
e) Students can take a year break after second or third year to work on R&D
f) Under Mandatory Courses
i) Co-Curricular activities -- 0.5 credit for publishing paper, publishing patent, attend seminar,
technicalcompetition and taking part in hackathon
ii) Extra-Curricular activities -- 0.5 credit for sports represent University or part or college
winning team a medal or cup in outside recognized inter collegiate or above tournaments or NSS
activities or donated blood two times or 2 green campus events
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13. Grade Points: A 10 - point grading system with corresponding letter grades and percentage of marks,
as given below, is followed

Letter Grade Grade Point Percentage of marks

O (Outstanding) 10 Marks >= 90
A+ (Excellent) 9 Marks >= 80 and Marks < 90
A (Very Good) 8 Marks >= 70 and Marks < 80
B+ (Good) 7 Marks >= 60 and Marks < 70
B (Average) 6 Marks >= 50 and Marks < 60
C (Pass) 5 Marks >= 40 and Marks < 50
F (Fail) 0 Marks < 40
Ab (Absent) 0

Letter grade ‘F’ in any Course implies failure of the student in that course and no credits of the above
tableare earned.

Computation of SGPA and CGPA:

The UGC recommends the following procedure to compute the Semester Grade Point Average
(SGPA) and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA):

i) Sk the SGPA of kth semester (1 to 8) is the ratio of sum of the product of the number of credits
and grade points to the total credits of all courses registered by a student, i.e.,

𝒏 𝒏
𝑺𝑮𝑷𝑨 (𝑺𝒌) = ∑( 𝑪𝒊 ∗ 𝑮𝒊)/ ∑ 𝑪𝒊
𝒊= 𝟏 𝒊= 𝟏

Where Ci is the number of credits of the ith course and Gi is the grade point scored by the student in
the ith course and n is the number of courses registered in that semester.

ii) The CGPA is calculated in the same manner taking into account all the courses m, registered by
student over all the semesters of a programme, i.e., up to and inclusive of Sk, where k ≥ 2.
𝒊=𝟏
𝒎 (𝑪𝒊 ∗ 𝑮𝒊)/ ∑𝒎
𝑪𝑮𝑷𝑨 = ∑𝒊=𝟏 𝑪𝒊

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 iii) The SGPA and CGPA shall be rounded off to 2 decimal points.

14. Award of Class: After a student satisfies all the requirements prescribed for the completion of the
Degree and becomes eligible for the award of B.Tech Degree by JNTUH, he/she shall be placed in
one of the following four classes based on CGPA secured from the 160 credit

S.No Class Awarded CGPA Secured

CGPA >= 8.00 with no F or below grade/
1 First Class with Distinction
detention anytime during the programme
CGPA >= 8.00 with rest of the clauses of
2 First Class
S.No 1 not satisfied
3 First Class CGPA ≥ 6.50 and CGPA < 8.00
4 Second Class CGPA ≥ 5.50 and CGPA < 6.50
5 Pass Class CGPA ≥ 5.00 and CGPA < 5.50

Equivalence of grade to marks

Marks % = (CGPA -0.5)*10

15. Award of 2-Year B.Tech Diploma Certificate

1. A student is awarded 2-Year UG Diploma Certificate in the concerned engineering branch on

completion of all the academic requirements and earned all the 80 credits (within 4 years from the date
of admission) upto B. Tech. – II Year – II Semester if the student want to exit the 4-Year B. Tech.
program and requests for the 2-Year B.Tech (UG) Diploma Certificate..

2. The student once opted and awarded for 2-Year UG Diploma Certificate, the student will be
permitted to join in B. Tech. III Year – I Semester and continue for completion of remaining years of
study for 4- Year B. Tech. Degree. ONLY in the next academic year along with next batch students.
However, if any student wishes to continue the study after opting for exit, he/she should register for the
subjects/courses inIII Year I Semester before commencement of classwork for that semester.

3. The students, who exit the 4-Year B. Tech. program after II Year of study and wish to re-join the
B.Tech program, must submit the 2 -Year B. Tech. (UG) Diploma Certificate awarded to him, subject
tothe eligibility for completion of Course/Degree.

4. A student may be permitted to take one year break after completion of II Year II Semester or B. Tech.
III Year II Semester (with university permission through the principal of the college well in advance)
and can re-enter the course in next Academic Year in the same college and complete the course on
fulfilling all the academic credentials within a stipulated duration i.e. double the duration of the course
(Ex. within 8 Years for 4-Year program).

16. Withholding of Results: If the student has not paid dues to the Institute/ University, or if any case of
indiscipline is pending against the student, the result of the student (for that Semester) may be
withheld and the student will not be allowed to go into the next semester. The award or issue of the
Degree may also be withheld in such cases.

17. Transitory Regulations

A. For students detained due to shortage of attendance:

1. A Student who has been detained in I year of GR20 Regulations due to lack of attendance, shall be
permitted to join I year I Semester of GR22 Regulations and he is required to complete the study
of B.Tech programme within the stipulated period of eight academic years from the date of first
xi
 admission in I Year.
2. A student who has been detained in any semester of II, III and IV years of GR20 regulations for
want of attendance, shall be permitted to join the corresponding semester of GR22 Regulations and
is required to complete the study of B.Tech within the stipulated period of eight academic years
from the date of first admission in I Year. The GR22 Academic Regulations under which a student
has been readmitted shall be applicable to that student from that semester. See rule (C) for further
Transitory Regulations.
B. For students detained due to shortage of credits:
3. A student of GR20 Regulations who has been detained due to lack of credits, shall be promoted to
the next semester of GR22 Regulations only after acquiring the required number of credits as per
the corresponding regulations of his/her first admission. The total credits required are 160
including both GR20 & GR22 regulations. The student is required to complete the study of B.Tech
within the stipulated period of eight academic years from the year of first admission. The GR22
Academic Regulations are applicable to a student from the year of readmission. See rule (C) for
further Transitory Regulations.
C. For readmitted students in GR22 Regulations:
4. A student who has failed in any subject under any regulation has to pass those subjects in the same
regulations.
5. The maximum credits that a student acquires for the award of degree, shall be the sum of the total
number of credits secured in all the regulations of his/her study including GR22 Regulations. There
is NO exemption of credits in any case.
6. If a student is readmitted to GR22 Regulations and has any subject with 80% of syllabus common
with his/her previous regulations, that particular subject in GR22 Regulations will be substituted by
another subject to be suggested by the college academic administration.

Note:
If a student readmitted to GR22 Regulations and has not studied any courses/topics in his/her earlier
regulations of study which is prerequisite for further subjects in GR22 Regulations, then the college shall
conduct remedial classes to cover those courses/topics for the benefit of the students.

18. Transfer of students from the Constituent Colleges of JNTUH or from other Colleges /
Universities:

a) Transfer of students from the Constituent Colleges of JNTUH or from other Colleges/ Universities
shallbe considered only on case-to-case basis.
b) There shall be no branch transfers after the completion of admission process.
c) The students seeking transfer to GRIET from various other Universities/institutions have to pass the
failed courses which are equivalent to the courses of GRIET, and also pass the courses of GRIET
which the students have not studied at the earlier institution. Further, though the students have
passed some of the courses at the earlier institutions, if the same courses are prescribed in different
semesters of GRIET, the students have to study those courses in GRIET in spite of the fact that those
courses are repeated.
d) The transferred students from other Universities/institutions to GRIET who are on rolls are to be
provided one chance to write the CBT (internal marks) in the equivalent course(s) as per the
clearance (equivalence) letter issued by the University.

19. General Rules

a. The academic regulations should be read as a whole for the purpose of any interpretation.
b. In the case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the above rules, the decision of
theAcademic Council is final.
c. In case of any error in the above rules and regulations, the decision of the Academic Council is final.
xii
d. The college may change or amend the academic regulations or syllabi at any time and the changes
or amendments made shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the dates notified by the
college.

xiii
 Academic Regulations for B.Tech (Lateral Entry) under GR22
(Applicable for Batches Admitted from 2023-24)

1. All regulations as applicable for B.Tech 4-year degree programme (Regular) will hold good for B.Tech
(Lateral Entry Scheme) except for the following rules:
a) Pursued programme of study for not less than three academic years and not more than six
academic years.
b) A student should register for all 120 credits and secure all credits. The marks obtained in all 120
creditsshall be considered for the calculation of the final CGPA.
c) Students who fail to fulfil all the academic requirements for the award of the degree within
sixacademic years from the year of their admission, shall forfeit their seat in B.Tech programme.

2. Academic Requirements and Promotion Rules:

a) A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the minimum academic requirements and earned the
credits allotted to each theory or laboratories if he/she secures not less than 35% of marks in the
Semester-end Examination and a minimum of 40% of the sum total of the Internal Evaluation and
Semester-end Examination taken together.
b) A student shall be promoted to the next year only when he/she satisfies the requirements of all the
previous semesters.

S. No. Promotion Conditions to be fulfilled

Second year first semester to Regular course of study of Second year first
1 Second year second semester. semester.
(i) Regular course of study of Second year
second semester.
(ii) Must have secured at least 50%
Second year second semester credits up to Second year second semesterfrom
toThird year first semester. all the relevant regular and supplementary
2 examinations, whether the student takes those
examinations or not.
Third year first semester to Regular course of study of Third year first
3 Third year second semester. semester.
(i) Regular course of study of Thirdyear second
semester.
(ii) Must have secured at least 60% credits
Third year second semester to up to third year second semester from all the
Fourth year first semester. relevant regular and supplementary
4 examinations, whether the student takes those
examinations or not.
Fourth year first semester to
5 Regular course of study of Fourth year first
Fourth year second semester.
semester.

xiv
3. Award of Class: After a student satisfies all the requirements prescribed for the completion of the
Degree and becomes eligible for the award of B.Tech Degree by JNTUH, he/she shall be placed in one
of the following four classes based on CGPA secured from the 120 credits.

S. No Class Awarded CGPA Secured

CGPA >= 8.00 with no F or below
grade/ detention anytime during the
1 First Class with Distinction
Programme
CGPA >= 8.00 with rest of the
2 First Class clauses of S.no 1 not satisfied
3 First Class CGPA ≥ 6.50 and CGPA < 8.00
4 Second Class CGPA ≥ 5.50 and CGPA < 6.50
5 Pass Class CGPA ≥ 5.00 and CGPA < 5.50

xv
 Academic Regulations for B.Tech with Minors Programme under GR22
(Applicable for Batches Admitted from 2023-24)

1. Objectives
The key objectives of offering B. Tech. with Minor program are:
 To expand the domain knowledge of the students in one of the other programmes of
engineering.
 To increase the employability of undergraduate students keeping in view of better
opportunity in interdisciplinary areas of engineering & technology.
 To provide an opportunity to students to pursue their higher studies in the inter-
disciplinary areas in addition to their own programme of study.
 To offer the knowledge in the areas which are identified as emerging
technologies/thrust areas of Engineering.

2. Academic Regulations for B.Tech Degree with Minor programmes

a) The weekly instruction hours, internal & external evaluation and award of grades are on par
with regular 4 -Years B.Tech programme.
b) For B.Tech with Minor, a student needs to earn additional 18 credits (over and above the
required 160 credits for B.Tech degree). All these 18 credits need to be completed in III year
and IV year only.
c) After registering for the Minor programme, if a student is unable to earn all the required 18
credits in a specified duration (twice the duration of the course), he/she shall not be awarded
Minor degree. However, if the student earns all the required 160 credits of B.Tech, he/she
will be awarded only B.Tech degree in the concerned programme.
d) There is no transfer of credits from Minor programme courses to regular B.Tech degree
course and vice versa.
e) These 18 credits are to be earned from the additional Courses offered by the host department
in the college as well as from the MOOCS platform.
f) For the course selected under MOOCS platform following guidelines may be followed:
i) Prior to registration of MOOCS courses, formal approval of the courses, by the
University is essential. University before the issue of approval considers the parameters
like the institute / agency which is offering the course, syllabus, credits, duration of the
programme and mode of evaluation etc.
ii) Minimum credits for MOOCS course must be equal to or more than the credits specified
in the Minor course structure provided by the University.
iii) Only Pass-grade/marks or above shall be considered for inclusion of grades in minor
grade memo.
iv) Any expenses incurred for the MOOCS courses are to be met by the students only.
g) The option to take a Minor programme is purely the choice of the student.
h) The student shall be given a choice of withdrawing all the courses registered and/or the
credits earned for Minor programme at any time; and in that case the student will be
awarded only B.Tech degree in the concerned programme on earning the required credits of
160.
i) The student can choose only one Minor programme along with his/her basic engineering
degree. A student who chooses an Honors programme is not eligible to choose a Minor
programme and vice-versa.
j) A student can graduate with a Minor if he/she fulfils the requirements for his/her regular
B.Tech programme as well as fulfils the requirements for Minor programme.

xvi
 k) The institute shall maintain a record of students registered and pursuing their Minor
programmes, minor programme-wise and parent programme -wise. The same report needs to
be sent to the University once the enrolment process is complete.
l) The institute / department shall prepare the time-tables for each Minor course offered at their
respective institutes without any overlap/clash with other courses of study in the respective
semesters.

3. Eligibility conditions for the student to register for Minor programme

a) A student can opt for B.Tech programme with Minor programme if she/he has no active
backlogs till II Year I Semester (III semester) at the time of entering into III year I semester.
b) Prior approval of mentor and Head of the Department for the enrolment into Minor
programme, before commencement of III year I Semester (V Semester), is mandatory
c) If more than 50% of the students in a programme fulfil the eligibility criteria (as stated
above), the number of students given eligibility should be limited to 50%.

4. Registration for the courses in Minor Programme

a) At the beginning of each semester, just before the commencement of classes, students
shall register for the courses which they wish to take in that semester.
b) The students should choose a course from the list against each semester (from Minors
course structure) other than the courses they have studied/registered for regular B.Tech
programme. No course should be identical to that of the regular B.Tech course. The
students should take the advice of faculty mentors while registering for a course at the
beginning of semester.
c) The maximum No. of courses for the Minor is limited to two (three in case of inclusion
of lab) in a semester along with regular semester courses.
d) The registration fee to be collected from the students by the College is Rs. 1000/- per
one credit.
e) A fee for late registration may be imposed as per the norms.

5. Minor courses and the offering departments

Eligible
Minor programme of @Offering
S. No. Programme students Department Award of Degree
All
programmes,
except B.Tech
in CSE “B.Tech in programme
Artificial (AI&ML)
1. CSE name with Minor in
Intelligence /B.Tech
Artificial Intelligence &
& Machine (AI&ML)/
Machine Learning”
Learning B.Tech (AI)/
B.Tech
CSE(AI)

xvii
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous)
Bachupally, Kukatpally, Hyderabad–500090, India.

B. Tech (CSIT)–GR22 Course Structure

I B. Tech (CSIT) - I Semester
Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
Linear Algebraand
1 Maths BS GR22A1001 3 1 0 4 3 1 0 4 40 60 100
Function Approximation
2 Chemistry BS GR22A1005 EngineeringChemistry 3 1 0 4 3 1 0 4 40 60 100

3 EEE ES GR22A1008 Fundamentals of 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100

Electrical Engineering
Programming
4 CSE ES GR22A1007 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100
for ProblemSolving
Fundamentals ofElectrical
5 EEE ES GR22A1019 Engineering Lab 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 2 40 60 100
6 Chemistry BS GR22A1015 Engineering Chemistry Lab 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Programmingfor
7 CSE ES GR22A1017 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Problem Solving Lab
Engineering
8 ME ES GR22A1021 1 0 1.5 2.5 1 0 3 4 40 60 100
Workshop
TOTAL 11 4 5.5 20.5 11 4 11 26 320 480 800
9 Mgmt MC GR22A1022 Design Thinking 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 40 60 100

I B. Tech (CSIT) - II Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
Differential Equations
1 Maths BS GR22A1002 3 1 0 4 3 1 0 4 40 60 100
andVector Calculus
2 Physics BS GR22A1003 AppliedPhysics 3 1 0 4 3 1 0 4 40 60 100

3 English HS GR22A1006 English 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 2 40 60 100

4 CSE ES GR22A1012 Data Structures 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100
5 Physics BS GR22A1013 Applied Physics Lab 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
6 ME ES GR22A1011 Graphics for Engineers 1 0 2 3 1 0 4 5 40 60 100
7 CSE ES GR22A1020 Data Structures Lab 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 2 40 60 100
English Language and
8 English HS GR22A1016 Communication Skills 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 2 40 60 100
Lab
TOTAL 11 3 5.5 19.5 11 3 11 25 320 480 800

1
II B. Tech (CSIT) - I Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
1 IT PC GR22A2067 Digital LogicDesign 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
2 IT PC GR22A2068 Java Programming 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
3 Maths BS GR22A2005 Probability andStatistics 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Database Management
4 IT PC GR22A2069 Systems 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100

5 CSE PC GR22A2075 Discrete Mathematics 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100

6 IT PC GR22A2058 Digital ElectronicsLab 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100

7 IT PC GR22A2071 Java ProgrammingLab 0 0 2 2 0 0 4 4 40 60 100

Database
8 IT PC GR22A2072 Management Systems 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Lab
TOTAL 14 1 5 20 14 1 10 25 320 480 800
Value Ethics and Gender
9 Mgmt MC GR22A2002 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 40 60 100
Culture

II B. Tech (CSIT) – II Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
Design and Analysis
1 IT PC GR22A2077 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
ofAlgorithms
2 IT PC GR22A2073 Computer Organization 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Economics & Accounting
3 Mgmt HS GR22A2004 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
forEngineers
Data Communicationand
4 IT PC GR22A2081 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Computer Networks
5 CSE PC GR22A2074 OperatingSystems 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100
Design and Analysis of
6 IT PC GR22A2082 Algorithms using Java 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Lab
Operating Systems and Sci
7 IT PC GR22A2083 0 0 2 2 0 0 4 4 40 60 100
Lab
Data Communicationand
8 IT PC GR22A2084 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Computer Networks Lab
TOTAL 14 1 5 20 14 1 10 25 320 480 800
9 Chemistry MC GR22A2001 Environmental Science 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 40 60 100
Effective Technical
10 English MC GR22A2108 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 40 60 100
Communication
Real-time Research Project/
11 IT MC GR22A2109 0 0 2 2 0 0 4 4 50 -- 50
Societal Related Project

2
III B. Tech (CSIT) – I Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
GR22A3052
1 IT PC Software Engineering 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
2 CSE (AIML) PC GR22A3070 Artificial Intelligence 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
3 IT PC GR22A3053 Web Programming 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
4 PE ProfessionalElective-I 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
5 OE Open Elective-I 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Software Engineering
6 CSIT PC GR22A3150 and UML Lab 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100

Internet of Things and

7 IT PC GR22A3057 Applications Lab 0 1 1 2 0 1 2 3 40 60 100
Web Programming
8 IT PC GR22A3058 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Lab
TOTAL 15 1 4 20 15 1 8 24 320 480 800
9 Mgmt MC GR22A2003 Constitution of India 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 40 60 100

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-I
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 ECE GR22A4038 Digital Image Processing
2 CSE GR22A3047 Principles of Programming Languages
3 IT GR22A4059 Edge Computing
4 IT GR22A3055 Cyber Security

OPEN ELECTIVE-I
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A3056 Introduction to Data Science

3
III B. Tech (CSIT) – II Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
Automata and Compiler
1 CSE PC GR22A3115 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100
Design
CSE
2 PC GR22A3140 Machine Learning 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
(AIML)
3 IT PC GR22A3123 Full Stack Development 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
4 PE ProfessionalElective-II 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
5 OE Open Elective-II 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
6 CSE PC GR22A3142 Machine LearningLab 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
(AIML)
Full Stack Development
7 IT PC GR22A3128 0 0 1.5 1.5 0 0 3 3 40 60 100
Lab
8 PW GR22A3089 Mini Project with Seminar 0 0 2 2 0 0 4 4 40 60 100

TOTAL 14 1 5 20 14 1 10 25 320 480 800

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-II
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 CSE GR22A3146 Blockchain Technology
2 IT GR22A3124 Unix Programming
3 CSE GR22A4121 Green Computing
4 IT GR22A3126 Cloud Computing

OPEN ELECTIVE-II
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A3127 User Centric Human Computer Interaction

4
IV B. Tech (CSIT) – I Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks

Fundamentals of
GR22A3116
1 Mgmt HS Management and 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Entrepreneurship

2 IT PC GR22A4057 Middleware Technologies 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100

Professional
3 PE 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Elective-III
Professional
4 PE 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Elective-IV
5 OE Open Elective-III 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
Professional
6 PC 0 0 2 2 0 1 3 4 40 60 100
Elective-III Lab
GR22A4065 Middleware Technologies
7 IT PC 0 0 2 2 0 1 3 4 40 60 100
Lab
GR22A4082
8 CSIT PW Project Work-Phase I 0 0 6 6 0 0 12 12 40 60 100
TOTAL 15 0 10 25 15 2 18 35 320 480 800

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III With Professional Core Lab

S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A3125 Mobile Application Development
2 CSIT GR22A4148 Mobile Application Development Lab
3 IT GR22A4061 DevOps
4 CSIT GR22A4149 DevOps Lab
5 CSIT GR22A4156 Fundamentals of Big Data Analytics
6 CSIT GR22A4157 Fundamentals of Big Data Analytics Lab
7 CSIT GR22A4155 Server side Scripting Languages
8 CSIT GR22A4158 Server side Scripting Languages Lab

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-IV
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A4060 Embedded Systems
2 IT GR22A3037 Soft Computing
CSE GR22A4143 Introduction to Robotics
3
(AIML)
4 CSIT GR22A4150 Intrusion Detection Systems

OPEN ELECTIVE-III
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A4063 Design Patterns

5
IV B. Tech (CSIT) – II Semester

Credits Hours
S.No BOS Group Course Code Course Name Int. Ext Total
L T P Total L T P Total Marks
GR22A4126 Software Project
1 IT PC 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 40 60 100
Management
2 PE ProfessionalElective-V 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
3 PE ProfessionalElective-VI 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 40 60 100
4 PW GR22A4145 Project Work-Phase II 0 0 6 6 0 0 12 12 40 60 100
TOTAL 8 1 6 15 8 1 12 21 160 240 400

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-V
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A4127 Agile Methodologies
2 IT GR22A4131 Distributed Databases and Systems
3 IT GR22A4129 Information Retrieval Systems
4 IT GR22A4130 Cyber Forensics

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-VI
S. No. BOS Course Code Course
1 IT GR22A4058 Software Testing Methodologies
2 CSE GR22A4054 Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality
3 IT GR22A4132 Speech and Natural Language Processing
4 CSIT GR22A4151 Cyber Laws and IPR

6
 PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES - 4 THREADS

System Software and Networking and

Concept Development AI & ML
Architectures Applications

Principles ofProgramming
Digital Image Processing Edge Computing Cyber Security
Languages

Blockchain Technology Unix Programming Green Computing Cloud Computing

Mobile Application Server side Scripting

Devops Fundamentals of Big Data Analytics
Development Languages

Intrusion Detection
EmbeddedSystems Soft Computing Introduction to Robotics
Systems

Distributed Databases and

Agile Methodologies Information Retrieval Systems Cyber Forensics
Systems

Software Testing Augmented Reality and Virtual Speech and Natural Language
Cyber Laws & IPR
Methodologies Reality Processing

7
 OPEN ELECTIVES FOR GR22 REGULATIONS

THREAD 1 THREAD 2 OFFERED BY

Soft Skills and Interpersonal Data Science for Engineers (GR22A3049)

Skills (GR22A3145) Data Analytics using Open-Source Tools
(GR22A3120) CSE
Human Resource Augmented Reality and Virtual
Development and Reality (GR22A4054)
Organizational
Behavior (GR22A4049) Basics of Java Programming (GR22A3072)
Introduction to DBMS (GR22A3141) CSE (AIML)
Cyber Law and Ethics Introduction to Data Mining (GR22A4080)
(GR22A4077) Programming in Python (GR22A3077)
Internet of Things (GR22A3147) CSE (DS)
Economic Policies in India Scripting Languages (GR22A4085)
(GR22A4147)
Services Science and Service Operational
Management (GR22A4134)
IT Project Management (GR22A4135) CSBS
Marketing Research and Marketing
Management (GR22A4136)
Introduction to Data Science (GR22A3056)
User Centric Human Computer Interaction
IT
(GR22A3127)
Design Patterns (GR22A4063)
Non-Conventional Energy
Sources (GR22A3019)
Concepts of Control Systems (GR22A3095) EEE
Artificial Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic
(GR22A4022)
Principles of Communications (GR22A3040)
Sensor Technology (GR22A3113) ECE
Communication Technologies (GR22A4045)
Industrial Automation and Control
(GR22A3030)
ME
Composite Materials (GR22A3105)
Operations Research (GR22A3018)
Engineering Materials for
Sustainability (GR22A3009)
Geographic Information Systems and
CE
Science (GR22A3086)
Environmental Impact
Assessment (GR22A4011)
Basics of Java Programming (GR22A3072)
Introduction to DBMS (GR22A3141) CSE (AI)
Introduction to Data Mining (GR22A4080)
Introduction to Data Science (GR22A3056)
User Centric Human Computer Interaction
CSIT
(GR22A3127)
Design Patterns (GR22A4063)

8
 I YEAR
I SEMESTER

9
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LINEAR ALGEBRA AND FUNCTION APPROXIMATION

Course Code:GR22A1001 L/T/P/C: 3/1/0/4

I Year I Semester

Prerequisites: Elementary knowledge of vectors, matrices, and pre-calculus

Course Outcomes:
1.Work with the essential tools of vector and matrix algebra.
2. Compute eigenvalues and vectors for engineering applications.
3. Illustrate matrix decomposition techniques to determine the exact or approximate solutions of a
linear algebraic system.
4. Develop the skill of finding multivariable function optima.
5. Illustrate the concepts of function approximation with measurement of error.

UNIT I
Fundamentals of Vector and Matrix algebra: Operations on vectors and matrices- Orthogonal
projection of vectors- Exact and generalized inverse of a matrix- Rank of a matrix- Linear
independence of vectors- Structured square matrices (Symmetric, Hermitian, skew-symmetric, skew-
Hermitian, orthogonal and unitary matrices)- Vector and matrix norms
Solution of a linear algebraic system of equations (homogeneous and non-homogeneous) using Gauss
elimination

UNIT II
Matrix eigenvalue problem and Quadratic forms: Determination of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of
a matrix, properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors (without proof)- Similarity of matrices-
Diagonalization of a matrix- Orthogonal diagonalization of a symmetric matrix- Definiteness of a
symmetric matrix
Quadratic Forms- Definiteness and nature of a quadratic form- Reduction of a quadratic form to the
canonical form using an orthogonal transformation.

UNIT III
Matrix decomposition and Least squares solution of algebraic systems: LU decomposition-
Cholesky decomposition- Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization process- QR factorization- Eigen
decomposition of a symmetric matrix- Singular value decomposition
Least squares solution of an over determined system of equations using QR factorization and the
generalized inverse- Estimation of the least squares error.

UNIT IV
Multivariable differential calculus and Function Optimization: Partial Differentiation- Chain rule-
Total differentiation- Jacobian- Functional dependence
Multivariable function Optimization- Taylor’s theorem for multivariable functions- Unconstrained
optimization of functions using the Hessian matrix- Constrained optimization using the Lagrange
multiplier method.

10
UNIT V
Function approximation tools in Engineering: Function approximation using Taylor’s polynomials-
Properties of Chebyshev polynomials- Uniform approximation using Chebyshev polynomials.
The principle of least squares- Function approximation using polynomial, exponential and power curves
using matrix notation- Estimating the Mean squared error

Text Books
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics,5th edition, R.K. Jain and S.R.K. Iyengar, Narosa publishing
house
2. Higher Engineering Mathematics- B.S. Grewal- Khanna publications

Reference Books
1. Introduction to Linear Algebra, Gilbert Strang, 5th edition, Wellesley,2017.
2. Numerical methods for scientific and engineering computation, M.K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar,
3. R.K. Jain- 3rd edition- New Age publishers
4. Applied Mathematics, Vol. I & II, P. N. Wartikar and J. N. Wartikar, Pune Vidyarthi Griha
Prakashan,2010

11
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

Course Code:GR22A1005 L/T/P/C: 3/1/0/4

I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze microscopic chemistry in terms of atomic and molecular orbitals and intermolecular forces.
2. Relate electromagnetic spectra used for exciting different molecular energy levels in various
spectroscopic techniques and their application in medicine and other fields.
3. Recognize various problems related to electrochemistry and corrosion in industry and is able to
explain different prevention techniques and apply concepts of chemistry in engineering.
4. Know the origin of different types of engineering materials used in modern technology and interpret
different problems involved in industrial utilization of water.
5. Understand the processing of fossil fuels for the effective utilization of chemical energy.

UNIT I
Atomic and Molecular Structure (8 Lectures)
Atomic and Molecular orbitals - Definition, examples and comparison, Molecular orbital theory-
postulates and MO energy diagrams of N2 and O2.
Theories of Metallic bonding – Free electron theory, Resonance theory, Molecular orbital theory,
Valence Bond Theory – Postulates and Limitations, Bonding in [Ni(CO) 4], [Ni(Cl)4]2-, [Ni(CN)4]2-,
[Co(NH3)6]3+, and [CoF6]3-. Crystal Field Theory, Crystal Field Splitting of transition metal ion d-
orbitals in octahedral, tetrahedral and square planar geometries.

UNIT II
Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications (10 Lectures)
Regions of Electromagnetic spectrum. Molecular spectroscopy: Rotational Spectroscopy: Rotation of
molecules, Rotational spectra of rigid diatomic molecules, Selection rules.
Vibrational Spectroscopy: The vibrating diatomic molecule, Simple and anharmonic oscillators of a
diatomic molecule, Selection rules, Applications of IR spectroscopy.
NMR Spectroscopy: Criteria for NMR activity (Magnetic and non-magnetic nuclei), Basic concepts and
Principle of 1H NMR spectroscopy, Chemical shift- Shielding and Deshielding. Magnetic Resonance
Imaging.

UNIT III
Batteries and Corrosion (12 Lectures)
Batteries: Primary and Secondary types, Lithium ion and Lead acid batteries. Fuel cells: Definition,
Hydrogen-Oxygen fuel cell and Microbial Fuel cell – working principle and applications.
Corrosion: Definition, causes and effects of corrosion, Theories of chemical and electro chemical corrosion
with mechanism, Differential metal corrosion - Galvanic corrosion, Differential aeration corrosion -
pitting corrosion, Factors affecting corrosion – Nature of metal (Position of metal, Relative areas, Purity
and Passivity), Nature of Environment (pH, Temperature and Humidity), Corrosion control methods:
Cathodic protection (sacrificial anodic and impressed current cathodic protection), Metallic coatings: Hot
dipping- galvanization and tinning.

UNIT IV
Engineering Materials and Water Technology (8 Lectures)
Semiconductors: Si and Ge - preparation, purification and crystal growth by zone refining and
Czochralski pulling methods, Doping – Epitaxy, Diffusion, and Ion implantation.
Plastics: Comparison between thermoplastics and thermosets, Fabrication of plastics - compression

12
moulding and injection moulding. Conducting polymers – Definition, classification, and applications.
Water: Hardness - Causes, types, and units. Boiler troubles-scales and sludges, caustic embrittlement.
Water purification: Demineralization by Ion-exchange process, Desalination by reverse osmosis method.

UNIT V
Stereochemistry and Energy Resources (8 Lectures)
Stereochemistry: Elements of symmetry-plane of symmetry, centre of symmetry, alternating axis of
symmetry. Chirality, Enantiomers – tartaric acid, Diastereomers- 2,3-dichloropentane, Conformational
analysis of n-butane. Structure, synthesis and pharmaceutical applications of aspirin and ibuprofen.
Energy sources: Fossil Fuels: Coal –types, analysis of coal- proximate and ultimate analysis and their
significance, Petroleum-its composition, Cracking – Definition, Fluid bed catalytic cracking, Knocking
and its mechanism in Internal Combustion engine, Octane rating, Hydrogen gas generation by
Electrolysis process.

Text Books
1. Engineering chemistry by P.C. Jain and M. Jain; Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company (P) Ltd., New
Delhi.
2. Textbook of Engineering Chemistry by A. Jayashree, Wiley Publications

Reference Books
1. Organic Chemistry by Morrison, Boyd & Bhattacharjee (Pearson Pubs)
2. Engineering Chemistry by O.G. Palanna, Tata McGraw Hills Private Ltd.
3. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, by C.N. Banwell. McGraw Hill Publication
4. A Textbook of Engineering Chemistry by Shashi Chawla, Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company (P)
Ltd., New Delhi.

13
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Course Code: GR22A1008 L/T/P/C: 0/0/2/2

I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Summarize Understand basic electric circuits.
2. Analyze electric circuits with suitable theorems.
3. Interpret the working principle of Electrical machines.
4. Solve single phase balanced sinusoidal systems.
5. Apply sensors for real time applications

UNIT I
Basic Components And Electric Circuits
Charge, Current, Voltage, Power, Passive components, Voltage and Current sources, dependent and
independent sources, fundamentals of circuit Laws, Source Transformation, Passive components in series
and parallel, Delta – star conversion.

UNIT II
Network Analysis
Nodal and Mesh Analysis, Linearity and Superposition, Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems, Maximum
power transfer theorem and Reciprocity theorem.

UNIT III
A.C Circuits
Representation of sinusoidal waveforms, average and rms values, phasor representation, real power, reactive
power, apparent power, power factor, analysis of RL, RC and RLC circuits. Series and Parallel Circuits,
Resonance.

UNIT IV
Basics Of Electrical Machines
Transformer: Mutual Induction, construction and working principle, Types of transformers, Ideal
transformer, EMFEquation, Phasor diagram on No Load.
Construction and working principles of DC generator, DC motor, Synchronous generator, and Induction
Motor –applications.

UNIT V
Measuring Instruments And Sensors
Transducers, Sensors, and Actuators – Physical Principles and their working Temperature Sensors,
UltrasonicSensor, Accelerometers Sensor and PIR Motion Detector.

Text Books
1. D.P. Kothari and I.J. Nagrath, Basic Electrical Engineering -, Third edition 2010, Tata McGraw
Hill.
2. Sensors and amp, Transducers – D. Patranabis, PHI Publications
3. Electrical Engineering Fundamentals, Vincent Deltoro, Second Edition, Prentice HallIndia, 1989

14
Reference Books
1. C. K. Alexander and M. N. O. Sadiku, “Electric Circuits”, McGraw Hill Education,2004.
2. K. V. V. Murthy and M. S. Kamath, “Basic Circuit Analysis”, Jaico Publishers, 1999.
3. Circuit Theory (Analysis and Synthesis) by A.Chakrabarti-Dhanpat Rai &amp; Co.
4. P. S. Bimbhra, “Electrical Machinery”, Khanna Publishers, 2011.
5. D.C. Kulshreshtha, “Basic Electrical Engineering”, McGraw Hill, 2009.
6. Electrical and Electronics Technology, E. Hughes, 10th Edition, Pearson, 2010

15
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PROGRAMMING FOR PROBLEM SOLVING

CourseCode:GR22A1007 L/T/P/C:2/1/0/3
I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. To design algorithms and flowcharts for problem solving and illustrate the fundamentals of C
language.
2. To identify and apply control structures and arrays to solve problems.
3. To discover the need for strings and functions in problem solving and apply it.
4. To analyze the need for pointers and structures in C and implement for solutions.
5. To interpret working with files, preprocessor directives and command line arguments inC.

UNIT I
Introduction to Programming:
Introduction to Algorithms: Representation of Algorithm, Flowchart, Pseudo code with examples,
compiling and executing programs, syntax, and logical errors.
Introduction to C Programming Language: Structure of C program, keywords, variables, constants,
datatypes, operators, precedence and associativity, expression evaluation, implicit and explicit type
conversion, formatted and unformatted I/O.

UNIT II
Decision Making and Arrays:
Branching and Loops: Conditional branching with simple if, if-else, nested if else, else if ladder,
switch-case, loops: for, while, do-while, jumping statements: goto, break, continue, exit.
Arrays: one- and two-dimensional arrays, creating, accessing and manipulating elements of arrays.
Searching: Introduction to searching, Linear search and Binary search.

UNIT III
Strings and Functions:
Functions: Introduction to structured programming, function declaration, signature of a function,
parameters and return type of a function, categories of functions, parameter passing techniques, passing
arrays and strings to functions, recursion, merits and demerits of recursive functions, storage classes.
Strings: Introduction to strings, operations on characters, basic string functions available in C - strlen,
strcat, strcpy, strrev, strcmp, String operations without string handling functions, arrays of strings.

UNIT IV
Pointers and Structures:
Pointers: Idea of pointers, declaration and initialization of pointers, pointer to pointer, void pointer,
null pointer, pointers to arrays and structures, function pointer.
Structures and Unions: Defining structures, declaring and initializing structures, arrays within
structures, array of structures, nested structures, passing structures to functions, unions, typedef.

UNIT V
File handling and Preprocessor in C:
Files: Text and binary files, creating, reading, and writing text and binary files, random access to files,
error handling in files.
Preprocessor: Commonly used preprocessor commands like include, define, undef, if, ifdef, ifndef,
elif command line arguments, enumeration data type.

16
Text Books
1. Byron Gottfried, Schaum’s Outline of Programming with C, McGraw-Hill
2. B.A. Forouzan and R.F. Gilberg C Programming and Data Structures, Cengage Learning, (3rd Edition)

Reference Books
1. Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, The C Programming Language, Prentice Hall of
India
2. R.G. Dromey, How to solve it by Computer, Pearson (16th Impression)
3. Programming in C, Stephen G. Kochan, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education
4. Herbert Schildt, C: The Complete Reference, Mc Graw Hill, 4th Edition

17
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LAB

Course Code: GR22A1019 L/T/P/C: 0/0/1/1

I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Get an exposure to common electrical components and their ratings.
2. Get an exposure to basic electrical laws.
3. Understand the measurement and relation between the basic electrical parameters
4. Understand the response of different types of electrical circuits to different excitations.
5. Compare the basic characteristics of Electrical machines

TASK-1: Verification of Ohms Law, KVL and KCL

TASK-2: Verification of Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems

TASK-3: Verification of Superposition and Reciprocity Theorems.

TASK-4: Verification of Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

TASK-5: Resonance in series RLC circuit

TASK-6: Load Test on Single Phase Transformer (Calculate Efficiency and Regulation)

TASK-7: Three Phase Transformer: Verification of Relationship between Voltages and Currents (Star-Delta,
Delta-Delta, Delta-star, Star-Star)

TASK-8: Measurement of Active and Reactive Power in a balanced Three-phase circuit

TASK-9: Torque Speed Characteristics of a Separately Excited DC Shunt Motor

TASK-10: Torque-Slip Characteristics of a Three-phase Induction Motor

18
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LAB

Course Code:GR22A1015 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Ability to perform experiments illustrating the principles of chemistry relevant to the study of
science and engineering.
2. Determination of parameters like hardness and chloride content in water, measurement of redox
potentials and conductance.
3. Understand the kinetics of a reactions from a change in concentrations of reactants or products as a
function of time.
4. Synthesize a drug molecule as an example of organic synthesis methods widely used in industry.
5. Determination of physical properties like adsorption and viscosity.

List of Experiments:

1. Determination of Total Hardness of water by complexometric method using EDTA

2. Determination of Chloride content of water by Argentometry
3. Redox titration: Estimation of Ferrous ion using standard KMnO4 by Permanganometry
4. Estimation of HCl by Conductometric titrations
5. Estimation of Ferrous ion by Potentiometry using dichromate
6. Determination of Rate constant of acid catalyzed reaction of methyl acetate
7. Adsorption of Acetic acid by charcoal
8. Determination of Surface tension of liquid by using Stalagmometer
9. Determination of Viscosity of liquid by using Ostwald’s Viscometer
10.Determination of Partition Coefficient of Acetic acid between n-butanol and water
11.Synthesis of Aspirin
12.Synthesis of Paracetamol

Reference Books
1. Vogel’s text book of Practical organic chemistry, 5th Edition.
2. Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, B.D. Khosala, A. Gulati and V. Garg (R. Chand & Co.,
Delhi)
3. Text book on experiments and Calculations in Engineering Chemistry-S.S.Dara.
4. An introduction to practical chemistry, K.K. Sharma and D.S. Sharma (Vikas Publications, New
Delhi)

19
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PROGRAMMING FOR PROBLEM SOLVING LAB

CourseCode:GR22A1017 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Translate algorithms into a working program and analyse and debug the codes using basics of C
language.
2. Develop programs by choosing appropriate control structures.
3. Select and apply the concept of arrays and strings for problem solving.
4. Demonstrate problem solving using modular programming and pointers.
5. Solve the problems using structures, files and pre-processor directives.

TASK 1
a. Write a C program to convert days into years, weeks and days.(Assume a year has 365 days).
b. Write a C program to find greatest and smallest among three numbers using conditional operator.
c. Write a C program to enter P, T, R and calculate Compound Interest.

TASK 2
a. Write a C program to swap two numbers using the following:
(i) Using third variable
(ii)Without using third variable
(iii) Using bitwise operators
b. Write a C program to do the following using implicit and explicit type conversion
(i) Convert Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit
(ii)Convert Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius
(iii) Find area of a triangle given sides a,b,c

TASK 3
a. Write a C program to add two numbers without using arithmetic operators in C.
b. Write a C program to determine whether a number is a power of 2 or not using bitwise operator
and ternary operator.
c. Write a C program to check whether a number is even or odd using bitwise operator and ternary
operator.

TASK 4
a. Write a C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation using if-else.
b. Write a C program to input electricity unit charges and calculate total electricity bill according to
the given condition:
For first 50 units Rs. .50/unit
For next 100 units Rs. 0.75/unit For next 100 units Rs. 1.20/unit For unit above 250 Rs. 1.50/unit
An additional surcharge of 20% is added to the bill
c. Write a menu driven C program to implement a simple arithmetic calculator.
d. Write a C program to display number of days in month using switch case (The input is month number
1 -12).

20
TASK 5
a. Write a C program check whether a given number is Perfect number or not.
b. Write a C program check whether a given number is Palindrome number or not.
c. Write a C program check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not.
d. Write a C program check whether a given number is Strong number or not.
.
TASK 6
a. Write a C program to display the following patterns:

(i) (ii) (iii)

**** 1 1
* * 2 3 2 2
* * 4 5 6 3 3 3
*** * 7 8 9 10 4 4 4 4

b. Write a C program to generate the prime numbers between x and y where x and y are starting and
ending values to be supplied by the user.
c. Write a C program to calculate the sum of following series:
(i) S1=1+x/1!-x2 /2!+x3/3!-x4/4!+…..xn/n! (ii)S2= x1/1+x3/3+x5/5+….+xn/n

TASK 7
a. Write a C program to find sum, average and minimum and maximum in a list of numbers.
b. Write a C program to implement Linear search.
c. Write a C program to implement Binary search.

TASK 8
a. Write a C program to implement matrix addition.
b. Write a C program to implement matrix multiplication.

TASK 9
a. Write a C program to display binary equivalent of a given decimal number using functions.
b. Write a C program to implement transpose of a matrix using functions
c. Write a C program using functions that compares two strings to see whether they are identical or not.
The function returns 1 if they are identical, 0 otherwise.

TASK 10
a. Write a C program to implement factorial of a given integer using recursive and non-recursive
functions.
b. Write a C program to find the GCD (greatest common divisor) of two given integers using recursive
and non-recursive functions.
c. Write a C program to print first ‘n’ terms of Fibonacci series using recursive and non-recursive
functions.

TASK 11
a. Write a C program to implement the following with and without string functions:
(i) Reverse a string (ii) Concatenate 2 strings.
b. Write a C program to read a string and determine whether it is palindrome or not.
c. Write a C program to sort the ‘n’ strings in the alphabetical order.

TASK 12
a. Write a C program to implement function pointer to find sum and product of two numbers.
b.Write a C program to sort list of numbers using pointers.

21
TASK 13
a. Define a structure Student, to store the following data about a student: rollno(int), name(string) and
marks. Suppose that the class has ‘n’ students. Use array of type Student and create a function to read
the students data into the array. Your program should be menu driven that contains the following
options:
i. Print all student details.
ii. Search student by roll no
iii. Print the names of the students having the highest test score.
b. Write a C program that uses structures and functions to perform addition and product of two
complex numbers? (use structures and functions)

TASK 14
a. Write a C program to merge two files into a third file.
b. Write a C program to count number of characters in a file and also convert all lower-ca se
characters toupper case and display it
c. Write a C program to append a file and display it.

TASK 15
a. Write a C program to find sum of ‘n’ numbers using command line arguments.
b. Write a C program to implement following pre-processor directives:
a. Define c . ifdef
b. Undef d. ifndef.
c. Write a C program to create a user defined header file to find sum, product and greatest of two
numbers.

Text Books
1. Byron Gottfried, Schaum’s Outline of Programming with C, McGraw-Hill
2. B.A. Forouzan and R.F. Gilberg C Programming and Data Structures, Cengage Learning, (3rd Edition)

Reference Books
1. Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, The C Programming Language, Prentice Hall of India
2. R.G. Dromey, How to solve it by Computer, Pearson (16th Impression)
3. Programming in C, Stephen G. Kochan, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education
Herbert Schildt, C: The Complete Reference, McGraw Hill, 4th Edition

22
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP

Course Code: GR22A1021 L/T/P/C: 1/0/3/2.5

I Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Develop various trades applicable to industries / Manufacturing practices.
2. Create Hands on experience for common trades.
3. Improve to fabricate components with their own hands.
4. Develop practical knowledge on the dimensional accuracies and dimensional tolerances
possible with variousmanufacturing processes.
5. To build the requirement of quality of work life on safety and organizational needs.

TRADES FOR EXERCISES: At least two exercises from each trade:

1. Carpentry
2. Fitting Shop
3. Tin-Smithy
4. Casting
5. Welding Practice
6. House-wiring
7. Black Smithy
8. VIDEO LECTURES: Carpentry, Fitting operations, Tin-Smithy, Casting, Welding, Electrical
and Electronics, Black Smithy, Plumbing, Power tools in construction and Wood Working,
Manufacturing Methods,

Text/ Reference Books:

1. Workshop Practice /B. L. Juneja / Cengage
2. Workshop Manual / K. Venugopal /Anuradha.

Reference Books:
1. Work shop Manual - P. Kannaiah/ K. L. Narayana/SciTech
2. Workshop Manual / Venkat Reddy/BSP
3. Workshop Manual/K. Venugopal/Dr.V. Prabhu Raja/G.Sreekanjan

23
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DESIGN THINKING

CourseCode:GR22A1022 L/T/P/C: 2/0/0/0

I Year I Semester
Course Outcomes:
1. Students To find various DT mindsets.
2. Students will be able to extend DT methodology towards defining the problem.
3. will be able to Identify Tools for Innovation
4. Students will be able to develop Empathy Maps
5. Students will be able to build Prototypes.

UNIT I
Introduction to Design Thinking: LRI Assessment, Introduction to Design Thinking, Understanding
the Mindsets-Empathy, Optimism, Embrace Ambiguity, Make it, Learn from Failure, Iterate, Create
Confidence, Creativity Convergent & Divergent Thinking

UNIT II
Design Thinking Methodology: The 5 Stages of the Design Thinking Process- Empathize, Define (the
problem), Ideate, Prototype, and Test,

UNIT III
Ideation tools & exercises: Sample Design Challenge, Design Challenge Themes, Storytelling and
Tools for Innovation and creativity.

UNIT IV
Empathize-Understand customers, Empathy Maps, Empathize-Step into customers shoes- Customer
Journey Maps, Define- Analysis & Drawing Inferences from Research

UNIT V
The Design Challenge: Define the Design Challenge, Prototyping & Iteration- Feasibility Study,Testing-
Documentation and the Pitching

Text Books
1.Design Thinking for Strategic Innovation: What They Can't Teach You at Business or Design School -
Idris Mootee.

Reference Books
1. Zero to One: Note on Start-Ups, or How to Build the Future
2. The Lean Startup: How Constant Innovation Creates Radically Successful Businesses
3. Start With Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone To Take Action

24
 I YEAR
II SEMESTER

25
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND VECTOR CALCULUS

Course Code: GR22A1002 L/T/P/C: 3/1/0/4

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Classify the differential equations of first order and solve them analytically.
2. Solve linear differential equations of higher order under various forcing functions
3. Evaluate double and triple integrals and apply them to some problems in geometry
4. Apply principles of vector differentiation and line integration for some field relatedproblems
5. Apply classical vector integral theorems for fast evaluation of work done around closed curves
and flux across closed surfaces

UNIT I
Ordinary Differential Equations of the First Order
Linear Differential Equations of the first order: Solution of Exact, Linear and Bernoulli equations,
modelling Newton’s law of cooling, growth and decay models, modelling of R-L circuit.

UNIT II
Ordinary Differential Equations of Higher Order
Solution of homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear differential equations with constant coefficients,
complimentary functions, particular integrals, and the method of variation of parameters Solution of
Linear Differential Equations with variable coefficients: Cauchy’s and Legendre’s homogeneous
equations

UNIT III
Multiple Integrals
Double integrals: Evaluation of Double Integrals, change of order of integration (only Cartesian form),
change of variables (Cartesian and polar coordinates)
Triple Integrals: Evaluation of triple integrals, Change of variables (Cartesian toSpherical and Cylindrical
polar coordinates)
Application of double integral to find the area of a lamina and volume of a solid, application of the
triple integral to find the volume of a solid

UNIT IV
Vector Differentiation and Line Integration
Vector differentiation: Scalar and vector point functions, Concepts of gradient, divergence and curl of
functions in Cartesian framework, solenoidal field, irrotational field, scalar potential
Vector line integration: Evaluation of the line integral, concept of work done by a force field,
Conservative fields

UNIT V
Surface Integration and Vector Integral Theorems
Surface integration: Evaluation of surface and volume integrals, flux across a surface Vector integral
theorem: Green’s, Gauss, and Stokes theorems (without proof) and their applications

Text Books
1. R.K. Jain and S.R.K. Iyengar, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa publishing house, Fourth
edition 2014
2. B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 36th Edition, 2010
26
3. Erwin kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006
4. G.B. Thomas and R.L. Finney, Calculus and Analytic geometry, 9thEdition, Pearson, Reprint,
2002.

Reference Books
1. GRIET reference manual
2. Paras Ram, Engineering Mathematics, 2nd Edition, CBS Publishes
3. S. L. Ross, Differential Equations, 3rd Ed., Wiley India, 1984.
4. Calculus Early Transcendental 9E by James Steward, Daniel Clegg, Saleem Watson, CENGAGE
Publications

27
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
APPLIED PHYSICS

Course Code:GR22A1003 L/T/P/C: 3/1/0/4

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Solve engineering problems involving quantum nature of radiation and matter waves.
2. Describe the characteristics of semiconductor devices such as transistors and diodes.
3. Illustrate the operation of optoelectronic devices and its applications.
4. Analyze the properties of Laser and its propagation in different types of optical fibers.
5. Identify dielectric, magnetic and superconducting materials based on their properties for specific
applications

UNIT I
Quantum Mechanics: Introduction, Black body radiation, Planck’s law, Photoelectric effect- Einstein's
Photoelectric equation, Compton effect, Wave-Particle duality: de Broglie hypothesis, Davisson and Germer
experiment, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Born’s interpretation of the wave function, Schrodinger’s
time independent wave equation, Particle in one dimensional infinite potential box.

UNIT II
Semiconductor Physics: Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Estimation of carrier concentration in
intrinsic andExtrinsic semiconductors, Dependence of Fermi level on carrier concentration and variation with
temperature, Carrier transport: diffusion and drift, p-n junction diode: I-V Characteristics, Zener diode: I-V
Characteristics, Hall Effect and its applications.

UNIT III
Optoelectronic Devices: Radiative transitions: Absorption, Spontaneous and Stimulated emissions, Non-
radiative transitions: Auger recombination, Surface recombination and recombination at defects, Generation
and recombination mechanism in semiconductors, Principle, Construction, Working, Characteristics and
Applications: LED, PIN photo detector, Avalanche photo detector and Solar cell.

UNIT IV
Lasers: Introduction, Characteristics of lasers, Lasing action, Essential components of laser, Construction
and working: Ruby laser, He-Ne laser and Semiconductor laser, Applications of lasers.
Fiber Optics: Introduction, Principle and Structure of an optical fiber, Basic components in optical fiber
communication system, Comparison of optical fibers over conventional cables, Types of optical fibers,
Acceptance angle-Numerical aperture, Losses associated with optical fibers, Applications of optical fibers.

UNIT V
Dielectric Materials: Introduction, Types of polarizations: Electronic, Ionic and Orientation, Calculation of
Electronic and Ionic polarizability, Internal fields in solids, Clausius-Mossotti equation, Applications of
dielectric materials.
Magnetic Materials: Introduction, Bohr magneton, classification of magnetic materials: Ferro, Para, Dia,
Antiferro and Ferri, Hysteresis curve based on domain theory, Soft and hard magnetic materials, Applications
of magnetic materials.

Teaching Methodologies:
 White board and marker
 Power Point Presentations
28
 Video lectures

Text Books
1. Engineering Physics, B.K. Pandey, S. Chaturvedi – Cengage Learing.
2. Applied Physics, T. Bhīma Sankaram, BSP Publishers.
3. Engineering Physics, P.K Palanisamy, Scitech Publishers.
4. A textbook of Engineering Physics, Dr. M. N. Avadhanulu, Dr. P.G. Kshirsagar - S. Chand.

Reference Books
1. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Devices, Second Edition, Anderson and Anderson, McGraw
Hill.
2. J. Singh, Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Physics and Technology, McGraw- Hill Inc. (1995)
3. Semiconductor Physics and Devices, 4e, Neamen and Biswas, McGraw Hill.
4. Online Course: “Optoelectronic Materials and Devices” by Monica Katiyar and Deepak Guptha
on NPTEL.
5. Halliday and Resnick, Physics – Wiley.

29
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENGLISH

Course Code: GR22A1006 L/T/P/C: 2/0/0/2

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Use English Language effectively in spoken and written forms.
2. Comprehend the given texts and respond appropriately.
3. Communicate confidently in various contexts and different cultures.
4. Acquire proficiency in English including reading and listening comprehension, writing and
speaking skills.
5. Listen and respond appropriately.

UNIT I
Where the Mind is without Fear poem by Rabindranath Tagore
Vocabulary: The Concept of Word Formation -- The Use of Prefixes and Suffixes.
Grammar: Identifying Common Errors in Writing with Reference to Articles and Prepositions.
Reading: Reading and Its Importance- Techniques for Effective Reading
Writing: Sentence Structures -Use of Phrases and Clauses in Sentences-Importance of Proper Punctuation -
Techniques for writing precisely - Paragraph writing - Do’s and Don’ts of Paragraph Writing - Creating
Coherence-Organizing Principles of Paragraphs in Documents.

UNIT II
The Last Leaf by O. Henry Vocabulary: Synonyms and Antonyms.
Grammar: Modal Auxiliaries - Identifying Common Errors in Writing with Reference to Noun-pronoun
Agreementand Subject-verb Agreement.
Reading: Sub-skills of Reading- Skimming and Scanning
Writing: Précis Writing, Describing Objects, Places and Events – Classifying - Providing Examples or
Evidence

UNIT III
‘Blue Jeans’ from the prescribed textbook ‘English for Engineers’ published by Cambridge
University Press.
Vocabulary: Acquaintance with Prefixes and Suffixes from Foreign Languages in English to form
Derivatives-Words from Foreign Languages and their Use in English.
Grammar: Identifying Common Errors in Writing with Reference to Misplaced Modifiers and Tenses.
Reading: Improving Comprehension Skills – Techniques for Good Comprehension
Writing: Format of a Formal Letter-Writing Formal Letters E.g. Letter of Complaint, Letter of
Requisition and Letter of permission, Use of phrases for formal and informal letter writing and Email
etiquette

UNIT IV
‘What Should You Be Eating’ from the prescribed textbook ‘English for Engineers’ published
by CambridgeUniversity Press.
Vocabulary: Standard Abbreviations in English and Phrasal Verbs Grammar: Redundancies and Clichés in
Oral and Written Communication.Reading: Comprehension- Intensive Reading and Extensive Reading
Writing: Writing Introduction and Conclusion -Essay Writing- Argumentative and Discursive essay – Picture
Composition

30
UNIT V
‘How a Chinese Billionaire Built Her Fortune’ from the prescribed textbook ‘English for
Engineers’ publishedby Cambridge University Press.
Vocabulary: One Word Substitutes, Technical vocabulary and their usage
Grammar: Common Errors in English
Reading: Reading Comprehension-Exercises for Practice
Writing: What is Report Writing - Technical Reports vs General Reports – Importance of Report Writing
–Structure and characteristics of Report Writing - Relevance of Reports to Engineers

Text Books
1.Sudarshana, N.P. and Savitha, C. (2018). English for Engineers. Cambridge University Press.

Reference Books
1. Swan, M. (2016). Practical English Usage. Oxford University Press.
2. Kumar, S and Lata, P. (2018). Communication Skills. Oxford University Press.
3. Wood, F.T. (2007). Remedial English Grammar. Macmillan.
4. Zinsser, William. (2001). On Writing Well. Harper Resource Book.
5. Hamp-Lyons, L. (2006). Study Writing. Cambridge University Press.
6. Exercises in Spoken English. Parts I –III. CIEFL, Hyderabad. Oxford University Press.

31
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATA STRUCTURES

Course Code: GR22A1012 L/T/P/C:2/1/0/3

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Implement various sorting techniques and analyze the computational complexity of algorithms.
2. Analyze the basics of data structures and its types and translate to programs the operations on stack
and queue and their applications.
3. Develop algorithms for various operations on linked lists and convert them to programs.
4. Interpret operations on non-linear data structure binary tree and BST.
5. Summarize the operations on graphs and apply graph traversals techniques and outline hashing
techniques.

UNIT I
Algorithms and Complexities: Analysis of algorithms, Basic concept of order of complexity,
Asymptotic Notations: Big Oh notation, Omega notation, Theta notation, little oh notation and little
omega notation.
Sorting: Bubble sort, Insertion Sort, Selection Sort, Quick Sort, Merge Sort, Radix Sort, Counting sort.

UNIT II
Stacks: Introduction to Data Structures and types, Stack – Operations: pop, push, display, peek,
Representation and implementation of stack operations using arrays, stack applications, recursion, infix
to postfix transformation, evaluating postfix expressions.
Queues: Queue – Operations: enqueue, dequeue, display, representation and implementation of queue
operations using array, applications of queues, circular queues - representation and implementation.

UNIT III
LIST: Introduction, dynamic memory allocation, self-referential structures, single linked list, advantages
and disadvantages of single linked list, single linked list vs arrays, representation of a linked list in
memory, operations-insertion, deletion, display, search.
Types and applications: Circular linked list, double linked list, implementation of stack, queue using
linked list.

UNIT IV
Trees: Basic tree concepts, Binary trees: properties, types, representation of binary trees using arrays and
linked lists, traversals of binary tree.
Binary Search Tree –Representation and implementation of operations, Binary Search Tree Traversals
(recursive), creation of binary tree and BST from given traversals.

UNIT V
Graphs: Definition, basic terminology, representation of graphs, graph traversal techniques – Breadth First
Traversal, Depth First Traversal.
Hashing - Introduction to hashing, hash function and types, hash table, implementation, collision
resolution techniques–separate chaining, linear probing, quadratic probing, double hashing (only
examples – no implementation).

32
Text Books
1. Data Structures, 2/e, Richard F, Gilberg, Forouzan, Cengage
2. Data Structures and Algorithms, 2008, G.A.V.Pai, TMH

Reference Books
1. Data Structures with C, Seymour Lipschutz, TMH
2. Classic Data Structures, 2/e, Debasis, Samanta, PHI, 2009
3. Fundamentals of Data Structures in C, 2/e, Horowitz, Sahni, Anderson Freed, University Press

33
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
APPLIED PHYSICS LAB

Course Code: GR22A1013 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Compare the behavior of p-n junction diode, Solar cells and LED.
2. Analyze the behavior of magnetic and electric fields with the help of graphs.
3. Infer the work function of a material through photoelectric effect.
4. Discuss the characteristics of Lasers and infer the losses in optical fibers.
5. Estimate the time constant of RC circuit and resonance phenomenon in LCR circuit.

List of Experiments:
1. Energy gap of P-N junction diode: To determine the energy gap of a semiconductor diode.

2. Solar Cell: To study the V-I Characteristics of solar cell.

3. Light emitting diode: To study V-I characteristics of light emitting diode.
4. Stewart – Gee’s experiment: Determination of magnetic field along the axis of a current carrying
coil.
5. Hall effect: To determine Hall co-efficient of a given semiconductor.
6. Photoelectric effect: To determine work function of a given material and Planck's constant.
7. LASER: To study the V-I characteristics of LASER sources.
8. Optical fiber: To determine the bending losses of Optical fibers.
9. R-C Circuit: To determine the time constant of R-C circuit.
10. LCR Circuit: To determine the resonant frequency and Quality factor of LCR Circuit in series
and parallel.

Note: Any 8 experiments are to be performed.

34
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
GRAPHICS FOR ENGINEERS

Course Code: GR22A1011 L/T/P/C: 1/0/4/3

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Interpret industrial drawings and read working drawings.
2. Draw engineering objects like springs using AutoCAD.
3. Imagine and create multi-views of 2-d plane figures.
4. Construct and interpret multi-views of 3-d solid objects with proper dimensioning, scaling etc.
5. Draw and create pictorial views and model the industrial objects like gears and bearings with
solid modelling commands available in AutoCAD tool.
UNIT I
Engineering Graphics with CAD– Introduction engineering graphics and significance of computer
aided design CAD software, advanced commands, dimensioning and tolerancing, fundamentals of
2-D construction.

UNIT II
Orthographic projection – Introduction, definition, and classification of projections; pictorial and
multi-view, significance of first and third angle methods of projections; Projections of points (in all
quadrants) and straight lines (inclined to one reference plane only).

UNIT III
Projections of planes - definition and types of plane figures (triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon,
and circle); projections of plane (inclined to one reference plane only).

UNIT IV
Projections of solids - definition and types of solid objects (prism, cylinder, pyramid, and cone);
projections of solid (axis inclined to one reference plane only); creation of threads, washers, keys,
and springs.

UNIT V
Isometric views – construction of isomeric views of planes (polygons) and solids (prism, cylinder,
pyramid, and cone); fundamentals of 3-d drawings, world coordinate system, solid modelling and
commands, creation of gears and bearings; conversion of 3-d to 2-d views and construction of 3-d
view from 2-d views (simple objects)

Text Books:
1. Engineering Graphics and Design by Kaushik Kumar / Apurbakumar Roy / Chikesh
2. Engineering Drawing by N.D.BHATT/CHAROTAR PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT LTD

Reference Books:
1. Engineering Graphics Essentials with AutoCAD 2018 Instruction by Kirstie Platenberg/SDC
publications.
2. Engineering Drawing by Basanth Agrawal/ C M Agrawal/ McGraw Hill Education
3. Engineering Drawing by K.Venu Gopal/New Age Publications.

35
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATA STRUCTURES LAB

Course Code: GR22A1020 L/T/P/C: 0/0/2/1

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Construct executable C programs for sorting techniques.
2. Implement stack and queue data structures and their applications.
3. Interpret various linked list operations to produce executable codes.
4. Develop working procedure for operations on BST using DMA.
5. Demonstrate graph operations and hashing techniques.

TASK 1
a. Implement Bubble sort using a C program.
b. Implement Selection sort using a C program.
c. Implement Insertion sort using a C program.

TASK 2
a. Develop a C program for Quick sort.
b. Demonstrate Merge sort using a C program.
c. Design a C program for Radix Sort.

TASK 3
a. Write a C program to implement Stack operations using arrays.
b. Write a C program to implement Queue operations using arrays.
c. Write a C program to implement Circular Queue operations using arrays

TASK 4
a. Write a C program to convert infix expression to postfix expression.
b. Write a C program to evaluate a postfix expression.

TASK 5
a. Write a C program to check for balanced parenthesis.
b. Write a C program to implement priority queue using arrays.

TASK 6
a. Implement the following operations on Single Linked List using a C program.
i. create
ii. insert
iii. delete
iv. search
v. display

TASK 7
a. Write a C program to implement Circular Linked List operations – create, insert, delete and
display.

TASK 8
a. Write a C program to implement Double Linked List operations – create, insert, delete and
display.

36
TASK 9
a. Implement a C program for Stack using Linked list.
b. Implement a C program for Queue using Linked list.

TASK 10
a. Implement the following operations on Binary Search Tree
i. create
ii. insert
iii. search
iv. delete

TASK 11
a. Implement the following operations on Binary Search Tree
i. count-nodes.
ii. height
iii. minimum node
iv.maximum node

TASK 12
a. Develop a C code for preorder, inorder and postorder traversals of a Binary Search Tree using
recursion.
b. Design a C program for level order traversal of a Binary Search Tree.

TASK 13
a. Write a C program to implement Adjacency Matrix of a given graph.
b. Write a C program to implement Adjacency List of a given graph.

TASK 14
a. Implement a C program for DFS traversal on graph.
b. Implement a C program for BFS traversal on graph.

TASK 15
a. Implement a C program for the following operations on Hashing:
i. insert
ii. delete
iii. search
iv. display

Teaching Methodologies:
 Power Point Presentations
 Tutorial Sheets
 Assignments

Text Books
1. Data Structures, 2/e, Richard F, Gilberg, Forouzan, Cengage
2. Data Structures and Algorithms, 2008, G.A.V.Pai, TMH

Reference Books
1. Data Structures with C, Seymour Lipschutz, TMH
2. Classic Data Structures, 2/e, Debasis, Samanta, PHI, 2009
3. Fundamentals of Data Structures in C, 2/e, Horowitz, Sahni, Anderson Freed, University Press

37
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB

Course Code: GR22A1016 L/T/P/C: 0/0/2/1

I Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Interpret the role and importance of various forms of communication skills.
2. Demonstrate the skills needed to participate in a conversation that builds knowledge
collaboratively bylistening carefully and respect others point of view.
3. Utilize various media of verbal and non-verbal communication with reference to various
professional contexts
4. Recognize the need to work in teams with appropriate ethical, social and professional
responsibilities.
5. Speak and pronounce English intelligibly

English Language and Communication Skills Lab (ELCS) shall have two parts:
a. Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Lab
b. Interactive Communication Skills (ICS) Lab

Exercise I CALL Lab:

Understand: Introduction to Phonetics – Speech Sounds – Consonant and Vowel Sounds.
Practice: Introduction to Phonetics – Speech Sounds – Vowels and Consonants.
ICS Lab:
Understand: Ice Breaking and JAM.
Practice: Ice-Breaking Activity and JAM Session. Introducing oneself and others

Exercise II CALL Lab:

Understand: Structure of Syllables – Word Stress and Rhythm– Weak Forms and Strong Forms in
Context.
Practice: Basic Rules of Word Accent - Stress Shift - Weak Forms and Strong Forms in Context.
ICS Lab:
Understand: Features of Good Conversation – Non-verbal Communication.
Practice: Situational Dialogues – Role-Play- Expressions in Various Situations –Making Requests
and SeekingPermissions- Telephone Etiquette
Exercise III
CALL Lab: Errors in Pronunciation-the Influence of Mother Tongue (MTI).
Understand: Intonation--Errors in Pronunciation-the Influence of Mother Tongue (MTI).
Practice: Common Indian Variants in Pronunciation – Differences in British and American
Pronunciation.
ICS Lab:
Understand: Debates- argumentative vs persuasive - Public Speaking – Exposure to Structured
Talks.
Practice: Debates- Making a Short Speech – Extempore.

38
Exercise IV
CALL Lab:
Understand: Presentation Skills – Elements of Presentation – Organizing Content – Use of Power
Point – SlidesPreparation
Practice: Presentation Skills
ICS Lab:
Understand: How to make informal and Formal Presentations
Practice: Collages / Poster Presentations-Power point presentations

Exercise V
CALL Lab:
Understand: Listening Skills and its importance-– Purpose- Process- Types- Barriers of Listening -
Listening for General/Specific Details.
Practice: Listening Comprehension Tests.
ICS Lab:
Understand: Mind map - Story Telling - Narrating a story using mind maps
Practice: Weaving Stories

Minimum Requirement of infrastructural facilities for ELCS Lab:

1. Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Lab

2. Interactive Communication Skills (ICS) Lab

39
 II YEAR
I SEMESTER

40
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN
Course Code: GR22A2067 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
II Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Apply knowledge of fundamental Boolean principles and manipulation to design Logic Circuits.
2. Apply various techniques of Boolean function simplification to create minimal expressions.
3. Create combinational circuits for a specified behavior with minimal specification.
4. Synthesize Sequential circuits with minimal states.
5. Realize combinational circuitry using Combinational PLDs and develop & test HDL models
of Logic Circuits.

UNIT I
Binary Systems: Digital Systems, Binary Numbers, Number Base Conversions, Octal and
Hexadecimal Numbers, Complements, Signed Binary Numbers, Binary Codes, Binary Storage
and Registers, Binary Logic.
Boolean Algebra And Logic Gates: Basic Definitions, Axiomatic definition of Boolean
Algebra, Basic theorems and properties of Boolean Algebra, Boolean Functions, Canonical and
Standard Forms, Other Logic Operations, Digital Logic Gates, Integrated Circuits.

UNIT II
Gate-Level Minimization: The Map method, Four-variable map, Five-variable map, Product of
Sum’s simplifications, Don’t care conditions, NAND and NOR implementation, other two level
implementations, Exclusive-OR Function.

UNIT III
Combinational Logic: Combinational Circuits, Analysis Procedure, Design Procedure, Binary Adder
- Subtractor, Decimal Adder, Binary Multiplier, Magnitude Comparator, Decoders, Encoders,
Multiplexers.

UNIT IV
Synchronous Sequential Logic: Sequential Circuits, Latches, Flip-Flops, Analysis of clocked
sequential circuits, State Reduction and Assignment, Design Procedure.
Registers and Counters: Registers, Shift registers, Ripple Counters, Synchronous Counters,
other counters.

UNIT V
Memory and Programmable Logic: Introduction, Random Access Memory, Memory
decoding, Error detection and correction, Read only Memory, Programmable Logic Array,
Programmable ArrayLogic, Sequential Programmable Devices.
Hardware Description Language: Hardware Description Language, Definition, Structural
Definitionof HDL, HDL models for Combinational circuits, HDL for models for Sequential
circuits.

Teaching methodologies:
 Power Point Presentations
 Tutorial Sheets
 Assignments

41
Text Books
1. Digital Design with an Introduction to the Verilog HDL – Fifth Edition, M. Morris
Mano,Pearson Education.
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design – Roth, 7th Edition, Thomson.

Reference Books
1. Switching and Finite Automata Theory by ZviKohavi, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
2. Switching and Logic Design – CVS Rao, Pearson Education
3. Digital Principles and Design – Donald D.Givone, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
4. Fundamentals of Digital Logic and Micro Computer Design, 5th Edition, M.Rafiquzzaman
(JohnWilley)

42
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
JAVA PROGRAMMING
Course Code: GR22A2068 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
II Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify the model of Object-Oriented Programming: Abstract data types, Encapsulation, Inheritance
and Polymorphism
2. Summarize the fundamental features like Interfaces, Exceptions and Collections
3. Correlate the advantages of Multi-threading.
4. Design interactive programs using Applets, AWT and Swings
5. Develop real time applications using the features of Java

UNIT I
Object Oriented Thinking
Introduction, Need of object-oriented programming, principles of object-oriented languages, Applications of
OOP, history of JAVA, Java Virtual Machine, Java features, Program structures, Installation of JDK. Variables,
Primitive data types, Identifiers- Naming Conventions, Keywords, Literals, Operators- Binary, Unary and
Ternary, Expressions, Primitive Type conversion and casting, flow of control- branching,conditional, loops.

UNIT II
Classes, Inheritance, Polymorphism
Classes and Objects- Classes, Objects, creating objects, methods, constructors- constructor overloading,
cleaning up unused objects- Garbage collector, class variable and methods- static keyword, this keyword, arrays,
Command linearguments, Nested Classes
Strings: String, String Buffer, String Tokenizer
Inheritance and Polymorphism- Types of Inheritance, deriving classes using extends keyword, super keyword,
Polymorphism – Method Overloading, Method Overriding, final keyword, abstract classes.

UNIT III
Interfaces, Packages, Exceptions
Interfaces: Interface, Extending interface, interface Vs Abstract classes.
Packages- Creating Packages, using Packages, Access protection, java I/O package. Exceptions - Introduction,
Exception handling techniques-try…catch, throw, throws, finally block, user defined Exception.

UNIT IV
Multithreading, Collections
java.lang.Thread, the main Thread, creation of new Threads, Thread priority, multithreading- using isalive() and
join(), Synchronization, suspending and resuming Threads, Communication between Threads. Exploring java.io,
Exploring java.util
Collections: Overview of Collection Framework: ArrayList, Vector, TreeSet, HashMap, HashTable,
Iterator, Comparator

UNIT V
Applets, Awt And Swings
Applet class, Applet structure, an example Applet program, Applet life cycle.
Event Handling- Introduction, Event Delegation Model, Java.awt.event Description, Adapter classes,
Innerclasses.
Abstract Window Toolkit: Introduction to AWT, components and containers, Button, Label, Checkbox, Radio
43
buttons, List boxes, choice boxes, Text field and Text area, container classes, Layout Managers.
Swing: Introduction, JFrame, JApplet, JPanel, Components in swings, JList and JScroll Pane, Split Pane, JTabbed
Pane, Dialog Box, Pluggable Look andfeel.

Text Books
1. Java: The Complete Reference, 10thedition, Herbert Schildt, McgrawHill.
2. Java Fundamentals: A Comprehensive Introduction, Herbert Schildt and Dale Skrien, TMH.
3. Java for Programming, P.J. Dietel Pearson Education
4. Object Oriented Programming through Java, P. Radha Krishna, Universities Press.
5. Thinking in Java, Bruce Eckel, Pearson Education
6. Programming in Java, S.Malhotra and S.Choudhary, Oxford University Press

44
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
Course Code: GR22A2005 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
II Year I Semester
Prerequisite: Elementary Statistics, Calculus and Linear algebra

Course Outcomes:
1. Compute and interpret descriptive statistics.
2. Make use of the properties of Binomial, Poisson, Normal and Exponential distributions to
estimate the variability of occurrence
3. Analyze univariate and bivariate data using statistical modelling
4. Apply inferential statistics to suggest explanations for a situation or phenomenon arising in
the case of large samples
5. Apply inferential statistics to suggest explanations for a situation or phenomenon arising in
the case of small samples

UNIT I
Basic Statistics and Random Variables
Measures of Central tendency, moments, Skewness and Kurtosis.
Random Experiment, Random variables- Discrete & Continuous, Probability mass function and density
functions, constants of random variables (Mean, Variance and Moments about mean), Concept of
Bivariatedistributions and Covariance.

UNIT II
Discrete and Continuous Probability Distributions
Binomial, Poisson, Normal and Exponential (Properties and applications), evaluation of statistical
parameters for Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions.

UNT III
Correlation, Regression and Time Series analysis
Correlation (Karl-Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s Rank correlation (Statements of
their properties and problems)), Simple and Multiple Linear Regression of three variables (Statements
of properties of Regression coefficients and problems).
Components of Time series, Additive and Multiplicative models of Decomposition of Time series,
Estimation of trend by method of Moving averages, fitting of various mathematical curves (Straight line
andSecond degree parabola).

UNIT IV
Testing of Hypothesis-1(Large sampling)
Concept of Sampling distribution and Standard error, tests for single proportion, difference of
proportions, single mean, difference of means and Chi-square test for independence of attributes,
Estimation of confidenceinterval for population mean and population proportions.

UNIT V
Testing of Hypothesis-2(Small Sampling)
Test for single mean, difference of means, Population variance, ratio of variances, ANOVA 1 -way and
2- way, Estimation of confidence interval for Population mean.

45
Text Books and References:
1. S. C.Gupta &V.K.Kapoor, “Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics”, S.Chand.
2. Richard A.Johnson,” Probability and Statistics for Engineers”, Pearson Education.
3. Jay Devore, “Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences”,Cengage learning.
4. Murat Kulahci,“Time series analysis and forecasting by example”,John Wiley & Sons
5. S. C.Gupta &V.K.Kapoor, “Fundamentals of Applied Statistics”, S.Chand.

46
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Course code: GR22A2069 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

II Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify the role of Database System Applications and the design issues related.
2. Design the logical model for the applications and apply indexing techniques.
3. Construct a Database Schema, manipulate data using a SQL.
4. CanapplytheSchemaRefinementtechniquesforadatabasedesignforoptimizedaccess.
5. For a given transaction-processing system, determine the transaction atomicity, consistency,
isolation, and durability.

UNIT I
Introduction to database and system architecture
Database Systems and their Applications, Database Vs File System, View of Data, Data Models,
Database Languages-DDL and DML, Transaction Management, Database users and
Administrators, Database System Structure.
Introduction to Database Design: ER Diagrams, Entities, Attributes and Entity sets,
Relationships and Relationship set, Extended ER Features, Conceptual Design with the ER Model,
Logical databaseDesign.

UNIT II
SQL Queries and Constraints
SQL Data Definition, Types of SQL Commands, Form of Basic SQL Query, SQL Operators, Set
Operators, Nested Queries, Aggregate Operators, NULL values, Integrity Constraints Over
Relations, Joins, Introduction to Views, Destroying / Altering Tables and Views, Cursors,
Triggers and Active Databases.

UNIT III
Relational Model
Introduction to Relational Model, Basic Structure, Database Schema, Keys, Relational Algebra and
Relational Calculus.
Storage and Indexing: File Organizations and Indexing-Overview of Indexes, Types of
Indexes,Index Data Structures, Tree structured Indexing, Hash based Indexing.

UNIT IV
Schema Refinement And Normal Forms
Introduction to Schema Refinement, Functional Dependencies, Reasoning about FD, Normal Forms,
Properties of Decomposition.

UNIT-V
Transaction Management Transactions
Transaction Concept, Transaction State, Implementation of Atomicity and Durability, Concurrent
Executions, Serializability, Recoverability, Implementation of Isolation, Testing for Serializability.
Concurrency Control: Lock based Protocols, Time stamp based protocols.
Recovery System: Recovery and Atomicity, Log based recovery, Shadow Paging, Recovery with
concurrent Transactions, Buffer Management.

47
Text /Reference Books
1. “Database Management Systems”,Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TATA Mc GrawHill
3rdEdition
2. “Database System Concepts”,Silberschatz, Korth, Mc Grawhill, Vedition.
3. “Introduction to Database Systems”, C.J. Date Pearson Education.
4. “DatabaseSystemsdesign,Implementation,andManagement”,Rob&Coronel5thEdition.
5. “Database Management Systems”,P.RadhaKrishnaHI-TECHPublications2005.
6. “Database Management System”,Elmasri Navate Pearson Education.
7. “Database Management System”,Mathew Leon,Leo

48
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DISCRETE MATHEMATICS

Course Code: GR22A2075 L/T/P/C: 2/1/0/3

II Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Use propositional and predicate logic in knowledge representation and truth verification.
2. Demonstrate the application of discrete structures in different fields of computer science.
3. Apply basic and advanced principles of counting to the real-world problems.
4. Able to formulate the problem and solve using recurrence relations and generating functions.
5. Devise the given problem as a graph network and solve with techniques of graph theory.

UNIT I
Mathematical Logic: Statements and notations, Connectives, Well-formed formulas, Truth tables,
tautology, equivalence implication, Normal forms.
Predicates: Predicative logic, Free & Bound variables, Rules of inference, Consistency, proof of
contradiction.

UNIT II
Set Theory: Properties of binary relations, compatibility, equivalence and partial ordering
relations,Hasse diagram, Lattice and its properties.
Functions: Inverse function, Composite of functions, Recursive functions, Pigeon hole principle
andits application.
Algebraic Structures: Algebraic systems examples and general properties, Semi groups and
monads,groups and sub groups’ Homomorphism, Isomorphism.

UNIT III
Elementary Combinatorics: Basics of counting, Combinations & Permutations, with
repetitions, Constrained repetitions, Binomial coefficients, Binomial and Multinomial theorems,
the principle ofInclusion – Exclusion.

UNIT IV
Recurrence Relation: Generating functions, Function of sequences calculating coefficient of
generating function, Recurrence relations, solving recurrence relation by substitution, Generating
functions and Characteristics roots, solution of Inhomogeneous recurrence relation.

UNIT V
Graph Theory: Representation of graph, Graph theory and applications, Planar graphs, basic
concepts of Isomorphism and Sub graphs, Multi graphs and Euler circuits, Hamiltonian graphs,
Chromatic numbers, Depth First Search, Breadth First Search, Spanning trees.

Teaching Methodologies:
1. Power Point Presentations
2. Tutorial Sheets
3. Assignments

Text Books
1. Discrete and Combinational Mathematics- An Applied Introduction-5th Edition– Ralph.P.Grimadi
Pearson Education
49
2. Discrete Mathematical Structures with applications to computer science Trembly J.P. &
Manohar.P,TMH
3. Mathematical Foundations for Computer Science Engineers, Jayant Ganguly, Pearson Education

Reference Books
1. Discrete Mathematics and its Applications, Kenneth H. Rosen, Fifth Edition.TMH.
2. Discrete Mathematics with Applications, Thomas Koshy, Elsevier
3. Discrete Mathematical Structures, Bernand Kolman, Roberty C. Busby, Sharn Cutter Ross, Pearson
4. Discrete mathematical structures, Dr. D S Chandrashekar, PRISM Publishers.

50
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB

Course Code: GR22A2058 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

II Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Comprehend the fundamentals digital theory to enable the process of logical design
2. Analyze the concept of design of digital combinational circuits using VHDL programming
3. Know the origin of sequential circuits design using VHDL
4. Acquaint with binary to grey and parity checker
5. Discriminate in digital counters and registers

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS USING VHDL

Task 1: Realization of Gates

Task 2: Half adder,Full adder
Task 3: Magnitude comparator
Task 4: Decoder and Encoder
Task 5: Multiplexer
Task 6: Demultiplexer
Task 7: a. Binary to Gray code converter
b. Excess-3 code Converter
Task 8: a. Parity Generator
b. Parity Checker

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS USING VHDL

Task 9:
a. D-T Flip-Flops
b. S-R Flip-Flops
Task 10: Left Shift Register
Task 11: Serial to Parallel Shift Register
Task 12: Frequency Divider

Text Books
1. Digital Design –Fourth Edition, M. Morris Mano, Pearson Education.
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design –Roth, 5th Edition, Thomson.

References Books
1. Switching and Finite Automata Theory by ZviKohavi, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design, Stephen Brown, Zvonko
Vranesic,TataMcGraw Hill, Indian edition.
3. Switching and Logic Design –CVS Rao, Pearson Education

51
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
JAVA PROGRAMMING LAB
Course Code: GR22A2071 L/T/P/C: 0/0/4/2
II Year I Semester
.
Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze a problem, identify and define the computing requirements appropriate to its
solution using object-oriented programming concepts.
2. Design the applications using Inheritance, Polymorphism and Synchronization concepts
3. Handle exceptions at Compile time and Run time
4. Solve the real-world problems using Java Collection framework.
5. Develop GUI applications using Applets, AWT and Swings
Task-1:
Write java programs that implement the following
a) Class and Object
b) Constructor
c) Parameterized constructor
d) Method overloading
e) Constructor overloading.

Task-2:
a) Write a Java program that checks whether a given string is a palindrome or not. Ex:
MADAM isa palindrome.
b) Write a Java program for sorting a given list of names in ascending order.
c) Write a Java Program that reads a line of integers, and then displays each integer and the sum
of all the integers (Use String Tokenizer class of java.util)

Task-3: Write java programs that uses the following keywords

a) this b)super c)static d)final

Task-4:
a) Write a java program to implement method overriding
b) Write a java program to implement dynamic method dispatch.
c) Write a Java program to implement multiple inheritance.
d) Write a java program that uses access specifiers.

Task-5:
a) Write a Java program that reads a file name from the user, then displays information about
whether the file exists, whether the file is readable, whether the file is writable, the type of file
and the length of the file in bytes.
b) Write a Java program that reads a file and displays the file on the screen, with a line
number before each line.
c) Write a Java program that displays the number of characters, lines and words in a text file
Task-6:
a) Write a Java program for handling Checked Exceptions.
b) Write a Java program for handling Unchecked Exceptions.

52
Task- 7:
a) Write a Java program that creates three threads. First thread displays “Good Morning” every
one second, the second thread displays “Hello” every two seconds and the third thread
displays “Welcome” every three seconds.
b) Write a Java program that correctly implements producer consumer problem using the concept
of inter thread communication.
Task-8:
Write a program illustrating following collections framework
a) Array List b) Vector c) Hash Table d) Stack

Task-9:
a) Develop an applet that displays a simple message.
b) Develop an applet that receives an integer in one text field and compute its factorial value
and return it in another text field, when the button named “Compute” is clicked.
c) Write a Java program that works as a simple calculator. Use a grid layout to arrange button
for the digits and for the +, -,*, % operations. Add a text field to display the result.
Task-10:
a) Write a Java program for handling mouse events.
b)Write a Java program for handling key events.

Task-11:
a) Write a program that creates a user interface to perform integer divisions. The user enters two
numbers in the text fields Num1 and Num 2.
b) The division of Num1 and Num2 is displayed in the Result field when the Divide button is
clicked. If Num1or Num2 were not an integer, the program would throw Number Format
Exception. If Num2 were Zero, the program would throw an Arithmetic Exception and display
the exception ina message dialog box.
Task -12:
a) Write a java program that simulates traffic light. The program lets the user select one of three lights:
red, yellow or green. When a radio button is selected, the light is turned on, and only one light
canbe on at a time. No light is on when the program starts.
b) Write a Java program that allows the user to draw lines, rectangles and ovals.
c) Create a table in Table.txt file such that the first line in the file is the header, and the remaining
lines correspond to rows in the table. The elements are separated by commas. Write a java
programto display the table using JTable component.

Text/Reference Books:
1. Java: The Complete Reference, 10thedition, Herbert Schildt, McgrawHill.
2. Java Fundamentals- A Comprehensive introduction, Herbert schildtand Dale skrien,TMH.
3. Java for programming, P.J.Dietel Pearson education (OR) Java: How to ProgramP.J.Dietel
and H.M.Dietel,PHI
4. Object Oriented Programming through java, P.Radha Krishna, Universities Press.
5. Thinking in Java, Bruce Eckel, PearsonEducation
6. Programming in Java, S.Malhotra and S.Choudhary, Oxford University Press.

53
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LAB

Course Code: GR22A2072 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

II Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Construct the schema of the database and modify it.
2. Compile a query to obtain the aggregated result from the database.
3. Speculate the concepts of various database objects.
4. Compare the use of procedure and function in database.
5. Use triggers and packages to create applications
Task-1:
DDL commands (Create, Alter, Drop, Truncate)
1. Create a table EMP with the following structure.
Name Type
EMPNO NUMBER(6)
ENAME VARCHAR2(20)
JOB VARCHAR2(10)
MGR NUMBER(4)
DEPTNO NUMBER(3)
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
2. Add a column commission to the emp table. Commission should be numeric with
nullvaluesallowed.
3. Modify the column width of the job field of emp table.
4. Create dept table with the following structure.
Name Type
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(10)
LOC VARCHAR2(10)

DEPTNO as the primary key

5. Add constraints to the emptable that is empno as the primary key and deptno as the foreign key.
6. Add constraints to the emptable to check the empno value while
entering(i.e)empno>100.Salary value by default is 5000, otherwise it should accept the
values from the user.
7. Add columns DOB to the emp table. Add and drop a column DOJ to the emp table.

Task-2: DML COMMANDS (Insert, Update, Delete)

1. Insert 5 records into dept Insert few rows and truncate those from the emp1 table and also drop it.
2. Insert 11 records into emp table.
3. Update the emp table to set the value of commission of all employees to Rs1000/- who are
workingas managers.
54
4. Delete only those who are working as supervisors.
5. Delete the rows whose empnois7599.

Task-3: TCL COMMANDS (Save Point, Rollback Commit)

Task-4: DQL COMMAND (Select)- SQL Operators and Order by Clause

1. List the records in the emp table order by salary in descending order.
2. Display only those employees whose deptnois30.
3. Display deptno from the table employee avoiding the duplicated values.
4. List all employee names, salary and 15% rise in salary. Label the column as pay hike.
5. Display the rows whose salary ranges from 15000 to30000.
6. Display all the employees in dept 10 and 20 in alphabetical order of names.
7. List the employee names who do not earn commission.
8. Display all the details of the records with 5-character names with ‘S’ as starting character.
9. Display joining date of all employees in the year of1998.
10. List out the employee names whose salary is greater than 5000 and less than6000

Task-5: SQL Aggregate Functions, Group By clause, Having clause

1. Count the total records in the emp table.
2. Calculate the total and average salary of the employee.
3. Determine the max and min salary and rename the column as max-salary and min_salary.
4. Find number of departments in employee table.
5. Display job wise sum, average, max, min salaries.
6. Display maximum salaries of all the departments having maximum salary >2000
7. Display job wise sum, avg, max, min salaries in department 10 having average salary is
greater than 1000 and the result is ordered by sum of salary in descending order.
Task-6: SQL Functions
1. Display the employee name concatenate with employee number.
2. Display half of employee name in upper case and half in lowercase.
3. Display the month name of date “14-jul-09” infull.
4. Display the Date of joining of all employees in the format “dd-mm-yy”.
5. Display the date two months after the Date of joining of employees.
6. Display the last date of that month in“05-Oct-09”.
7. Display the rounded date in the year format, month format, day format in the employee
8. Display the commissions earned by employees. If they do not earn commission, display it as
“NoCommission”.

Task-7: Nested Queries

1. Find the third highest salary of an employee.
2. Display all employee names and salary whose salary is greater than minimum salary of
thecompany and job title starts with ‘M’.
3. Write a query to display information about employees who earn more than any employee
indept30.
4. Display the employees who have the same job as Jones and whose salary is greater than or
equalto the salary of Ford.
5. List out the employee names who get the salary greater than the maximum salaries of dept
withdeptno 20,30.
6. Display the maximum salaries of the departments whose maximum salary is greater than 9000.
7. Create a table employee with the same structure as the table emp and insert rows into the table
using select clauses.
55
8. Create a manager table from the emp table which should hold details only about the managers.

Task-8 Joins, Set Operators.

1. Display all the employees and the departments implementing a left outer join.
2. Display the employee name and department name in which they are working implementing a
full outer join.
3. Write a query to display their employee names and their managers’ name and salary for
every employee.
4. Write a query to output the name, job, empno, deptname and location for each dept, even if
there are no employees.
5. Display the details of those who draw the same salary.

Task-9: Views
1. Create a view that displays the employee id, name and salary of employees who belong
to10thdepartment.
2. Create a view with read only option that displays the employee name and their department name.
3. Display all the views generated.
4. Execute the DML commands on views created and drop them
5. Practices on DCL commands.

Task-10:
1. Sequence and Indexes and Table locking
2. Write a PL/SQL code to retrieve the employee name, join date and designation of an
employeewhose number is given as input by the user.
3. Write a PL/SQL code to calculate tax of employee.
4. Write a PL/SQL program to display top ten employee details based on salary using cursors.
5. Write a PL/SQL program to update the commission values for all the employees’ with salary
lessthan 2000, by adding 1000 to the existing values.

Task-11:
1. Write a trigger on employee table that shows the old and new values of employee name
afterupdating on employee name.
2. Write a PL/SQL procedure for inserting, deleting and updating the employee table.
3. Write a PL/SQL function that accepts the department number and returns the total salary of
thatdepartment.

Task-12:
1. Write PL/SQL program to handle predefined exceptions.
2. Write PL/SQL program to handle user defined exception.
3. Write a PL/SQL code to create
a. Package specification
b. Package body to insert, update, delete and retrieve data on emp table

Text/Reference Books
1. The Complete Reference,3rd edition by James R.Groff, Paul N.Weinberg, AndrewJ. Oppel
2. SQL & PL/SQL for Oracle10g, Black Book,Dr.P.S.Deshpande.

56
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
VALUE ETHICS AND GENDER CULTURE

Course Code: GR22A2002 L/T/P/C: 2/0/0/0

II Year I Semester
Course Outcomes
1. To enable the student to understand the core values that shapes the ethical behaviour. And Student
will be able to realize the significance of ethical human conduct and self- development
2. Students will be able to inculcate positive thinking, dignity of labour and religious tolerance.
3. The students will learn the rights and responsibilities as an employee and a team member.
4. Students will attain a finger grasp of how gender discrimination works in our society and how to
counter it.
5. Students will develop a better understanding on issues related to gender and Empowering students
to understand and respond to gender violence.
UNIT I
Values and Self-Development –social values and individual attitudes, Importance of cultivation of
values, Sense of duty, Devotion, Self-reliance, Confidence, Concentration, Truthfulness, Cleanliness,
Honesty, Humanity, Power of faith, National unity, Patriotism, Love for nature, Discipline.
 A Case study on values and self-development

UNIT II
Personality and Behaviour Development-positive thinking, punctuality, avoiding fault finding, Free
from anger, Dignity of labor, religious tolerance, Aware of self-destructive habits.
 A Case study on Personality

UNIT III
Introduction to Professional Ethics: Basic Concepts, Governing Ethics, Personal & Professional
Ethics, Ethical Dilemmas, Life Skills, Emotional Intelligence, Thoughts of Ethics, Value Education,
Dimensions of Ethics, Profession and professionalism, Professional Associations, Professional Risks,
Professional Accountabilities, Professional Success, Ethics and Profession.
 A Case study on professional ethics

UNIT IV
Introduction to Gender - Definition of Gender, Basic Gender Concepts and Terminology, Attitudes
towards Gender, Social Construction of Gender.
 A Case study/ video discussion on attitudes towards gender

UNIT V
Gender-based Violence -The concept of violence, Types of Gender-based violence, the relationship
between gender, development and violence, Gender-based violence from a human rights perspective.
 A Case study/ video discussion on gender-based violence in view of human rights

Text Books
1. Professional Ethics Includes Human Values (2nd Edition) By R Subramanian, Oxford University
Press, 2017.
57
2.Ethics in Engineering Practice & Research, Caroline Whit beck, 2e, Cambridge University Press
2015.
3.A Bilingual Textbook on Gender” written by A. Suneetha, Uma Bhrugubanda, Duggirala Vasanta,
Rama Melkote, Vasudha Nagaraj, Asma Rasheed, Gogu Shyamala, Deepa Sreenivas and Susie Tharu
and published by Telugu Akademi, Hyderabad, Telangana State in the year 2015.

Reference Books
1. Menon, Nivedita. Seeing like a Feminist. New Delhi: Zubaan-Penguin Books, 2012
2. Abdulali Sohaila.“I Fought For My Life…and Won.” Available online at:
http://www.thealternative.in/lifestyle/i-fought-for-my-lifeand-won-sohaila-abdulal/
3. Engineering Ethics, Concepts Cases: Charles E Harris Jr., Michael S Pritchard, Michael J Rabins,
4e , Cengage learning, 2015.
4. Business Ethics concepts & Cases: Manuel G Velasquez, 6e, PHI, 2008

58
 II YEAR
II SEMESTER

59
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS

Course Code: GR22A2077 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Distinguish various performances of algorithms.
2. Illustrating Divide and Conquer Design Paradigm algorithms.
3. Examining various algorithms based on Dynamic programming paradigm.
4. Discriminate greedy approach and back tracking algorithms.
5. Demonstrate branch and bound problems and Distinguish problems related to various
complexity classes.

UNIT I
Introduction to Algorithms: Definition of an algorithm, properties of an Algorithm,
performance analysis--space complexity & time complexity, amortized analysis.

UNIT II
Disjoint sets: Disjoint set Representation, Operations, union and find algorithms.
Divide and Conquer: General method, applications, binary search, Quick sort, merge sort, Strassen’s
matrix multiplication.

UNIT III
Dynamic Programming: General method, applications, optimal binary search trees, 0/1
knapsack problem, All pairs shortest path problem, travelling salesperson problem, optimal
rod-cutting-Top down approach and bottom up approach.

UNIT IV
Greedy Method: General method, applications-- job sequencing with deadlines, 0/1
knapsack problem, minimum cost spanning trees, single source shortest path problem,
activity selection problem.
Backtracking: General method, applications, n-queen problem, sum of subsets problem,
Hamiltonian cycles.

UNIT V
Branch and Bound : General method, applications, travelling sales person problem, 0/1 knapsack
problem: LC branch and bound solution, FIFO branch and bound solution
Complexity Classes: Non deterministic algorithms, deterministic algorithms, relationship between P and
NP, NP-completeness, circuit-satisfiability problem, 3-CNF satisfiability.

Teaching Methodologies:
• Power Point Presentations
• Tutorial Sheets
• Assignments

Text Books/ References

1. Ellis Horowitz, SatrajSahni and S Rajasekharam, Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms, Galgotia
publishers 2. T H Cormen, C E Leiserson, and R L Rivest,Introduction to Algorithms, 3rdEdn, Pearson
Education
2. Cormen, Thomash H., Leiserson, Charles E., Rivest, Ronald L., & Stein, Clifford.
3. Goodrich, Michael T. & Roberto Tamassia, Algorithm Design, Wiley Singapore Edition, 2002.

60
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

Course Code: GR22A2073 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Demonstrate knowledge of register organization of a basic computer system
2. Incorporate In-depth understanding of control unit organization and micro programmed control.
3. Understand the performance of central processing unit of a basic computer system.
4. Apply various algorithms to perform arithmetic operations and propose suitable hardware
andappraise various methods of communications with I/O devices.
5. Analyze and emphasize various communication media in the basic computer system using
designofvarious memory structures and Multiprocessor systems.

UNIT I
Basic Structure of Computers: Computer Types, Functional unit, Data Representation, Fixed Point
Representation, Floating – Point Representation, Error Detection codes.
Register Transfer Language and Micro operations: Register Transfer language. Register
Transfer, Bus and memory transfers, Arithmetic Micro operations, Logic micro operations, Shift
micro operations, and Arithmetic logic shift unit.

UNIT II
Basic Computer Organization and Design: Instruction codes, Computer Registers, Computer
instructions, Timing and Control, Instruction cycle, Memory Reference Instructions, Input – Output and
Interrupt, Complete Computer Description.
Micro Programmed Control: Control memory, Address sequencing, micro program example, design of
control unit, Micro program Sequencer, Hard wired control Vs Micro programmed control,

UNIT III
Central Processing Unit Organization: General Register Organization, STACK organization.
Instruction formats, Addressing modes. DATA Transfer and manipulation, Program control. Reduced
Instruction set computer.
Computer Arithmetic: Addition and subtraction, multiplication Algorithms, Floating – point Arithmetic
operations, BCD Adder.

UNIT IV
Input-Output Organization: Peripheral Devices, Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous data transfer
Modes of Transfer, Priority Interrupt, Direct memory Access, Input –Output Processor (IOP).
Pipeline and Vector Processing: Parallel Processing, Pipelining, Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction
Pipeline,Dependencies, Vector Processing.

UNIT V
Memory Organization: Memory Hierarchy, Main memory- RAM and ROM chips, Memory Address
map, Auxiliary memory – Magnetic Disks, Magnetic Tapes, Associative Memory – Hardware
Organization, Match Logic, Cache Memory – Associative mapping, Direct mapping, Set associative
mapping, Writing into cache and cache initialization, Cache Coherence, Virtual memory
– Address Space and Memory Space, Address mapping using pages, Associative Memory page table,Page
Replacement.
Multi Processors: Characteristics of Multiprocessors, Interconnection Structures, Cache Coherence,
Shared Memory Multiprocessors.

61
Text Books
1. Computer Systems Architecture – M.Moris Mano, 3rd Edition, Pearson/PHI
2. Computer Organization – Carl Hamacher, ZvonksVranesic, SafeaZaky, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill.

Reference Books
1. Computer Organization and Architecture – William Stallings 7th Edition, Pearson/PHI
2. Structured Computer Organization – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 6th Edition PHI/Pearson
3. Fundamentals or Computer Organization and Design, - SivaraamaDandamudi Springer Int.
Edition.
4. Computer Architecture a quantitative approach, John L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson,
5thEditionElsevier
5. Computer Architecture: Fundamentals and principles of Computer Design, Joseph D. Dumas
II,BSPublication.

62
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ECONOMICS AND ACCOUNTING FOR ENGINEERS

Course Code: GR22A2004 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. The student will be able to understand the concepts of economics and Demand concepts,
elasticity, and techniques for forecast demand of products.
2. The student will be able to plan the production levels in tune with maximum utilization of
organizational resources and with maximum profitability.
3. To understand the types of markets, types of competition and to estimate the cost of products and
decide the price of the products and services produced.
4. The student will be able to analyze the profitability of various projects using capital budgeting
techniques and
5. The student is able will be able prepare the financial statements and more emphasis on
preparation of final accounts.

UNIT I
Introduction & Demand Analysis: Definition and Scope: Introduction to micro, macroeconomics,
Nature, and Scope of Managerial Economics. National Income and its Components - GNP, NNP, GDP,
NDP Demand Analysis: Demand Determinants, Law of Demand, and its exceptions. Elasticity of
Demand: Definition, Types, Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand. Demand
Forecasting, Factors governing demand forecasting, methods of demand forecasting.

UNIT II
Production & Cost Analysis: Production Function – Isoquants and Isocosts, MRTS, Least Cost
Combination of Inputs, Laws of Returns, Internal and External Economies of Scale. Cost Analysis: Cost
concepts. Break-even Analysis (BEA)-Determination of Break-Even Point (simple problems) -
Managerial Significance.

UNIT III
Markets and Forms of Business organizations: Types of competition and Markets, Features of
Perfect competition, Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition. Pricing: Objectives and Policies of
Pricing. Methods of Pricing. Business: Features and evaluation of different forms of Business
Organization: Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company, Public Enterprises, and their types.

UNIT IV
Capital Budgeting: Capital and its significance, Types of Capital, Methods of Capital Budgeting:
Payback Method, Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) and Net Present Value (NPV) Method and Internal
Rate of Return (IRR) (simple problems) and Profitability Index (PI)

UNIT V
Introduction to Financial Accounting: Accounting Concepts and Conventions - Double-Entry
Bookkeeping. Accounting Cycle: Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance, Final Accounts (Trading Account,
Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet with simple adjustments).

Text Books
1. Managerial Economics – International Edition, 2019, by Christopher Thomas (Author), S. Charles
Maurice (Author), McGraw-Hill Education
2. Managerial Economics Aryasri: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, TMH, 2009.
3. Managerial Economics: Analysis, Problems and Cases - P. L. Mehta, Edition, 13. Publisher, Sultan
63
 Chand, 2007.
4. Financial Accounting Paperback – 2016 by K.L.Narang S.P.Jain, Kalyani Publishers,2005.

Reference Books
1. Managerial Economics 4th Edition, W. Cris Lewis, Sudhir K. Jain, H. Craig Petersen, Pearson, 2009
2. Ambrish Gupta, Financial Accounting for Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi.2009
3. Financial Accounting, 6/e, Dr S N Maheshwari, CA Sharad K Maheshwari & Dr Suneel K
Maheshwari, Vikas Publishing, 2018

64
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER NETWORKS
Course Code: GR22A2081 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Appraise various network topologies, models and transmission media.
2. Apply framing methods and design error correction technique for specified problems
3. Compare various routing methods and apply them to solve transmission problems
4. Apply various transmission methods and techniques to improve the quality of service.
5. Design and implement different protocols in network design and implementation.

UNIT I
Data Communications: Components – Direction of Data flow, Networks: Types of Connections –
Topologies – Categories of Networks – The Internet , Protocols and Standards – OSI model –
TCP/IP protocol suite.
Physical layer: Transmission modes, Multiplexing, Transmission Media: Guided and Unguided,
Switching: Circuit Switched Networks - Datagram Networks - Virtual Circuit Networks.

UNIT II
Data Link Layer: Introduction, Framing, Error Detection and Correction: Parity – Hamming codes
– CRCs – Checksum, Flow and Error Control: Noiseless Channels – Noisy Channels.
Medium Access sub layer: Random Access – ALOHA – CSMA – CSMA /CD – CSMA /CA,
Controlled Access: Reservation – Polling – Token Passing, Channelization . IEEE Standards,
Standard Ethernet802.3, Wireless LAN 802.11 – Bluetooth 802.15

UNIT III
Network Layer: Logical Addressing - IPv4 - IPv6, Internetworking, Transition from IPv4 to IPv6 ,
Address mapping: ARP – RARP–BOOTP–DHCP, ICMP, IGMP, Uni-Cast Routing Protocols, Multicast
Routing Protocols

UNIT IV
Transport Layer: Process to Process Delivery, UDP and TCP protocols, Data Traffic, Congestion,
Congestion Control, Congestion Control in TCP, QoS, Techniques to Improve QoS, Integrated
Services,Differentiated Services.

UNIT V
Application Layer: DNS - Domain name space -DNS in internet, Electronic mail, SMTP, FTP, WWW:
Architecture – Web documents, HTTP, SNMP.

Text Books
1. Data Communications and Networking, Behrouz A. Forouzan , Fourth Edition TMH, 2006.
2. Computer Networks, Andrew S Tanenbaum, 4th Edition. Pearson Education, PHI.

Reference Books
1. Data communications and Computer Networks, P.C .Gupta, PHI.
2. An Engineering Approach to Computer Networks, S. Keshav, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education.
3. Data and Computer Communication, William Stallings, Sixth Edition, Pearson Education, 2000

65
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
OPERATING SYSTEMS

Course Code: GR22A2074 L/T/P/C: 2/1/0/3

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Explain functions and structures of operating system and differentiate among different OS
types;Implement and analyze various process management concepts and maximization of CPU
throughput
2. Analyze synchronization problems and solutions; Design a deadlock management policy.
3. Optimize memory management for improved system performance.
4. Demonstrate disk management, implement disk scheduling and file system interface
5. Describe and frame protection and security policy for OS.

UNIT I
Operating System Overview: Objectives and functions, Computer System Architecture,
Evolution of Operating Systems, System Services, System Calls, System Programs, OS
Structure, Virtual machines.
Process Management: Process concepts, CPU scheduling-criteria, algorithms with evaluation,
Preemptive/ Non-Preemptive Scheduling, Threads, Multithreading Models.

UNIT II
Concurrency: Process synchronization, the critical- section problem, Peterson’s Solution,
synchronization Hardware, semaphores, classic problems of synchronization, monitors.
Deadlocks: Principles of deadlock–system model, deadlock characterization, deadlock
prevention, detection and avoidance, recovery from deadlock.

UNIT III
Memory Management: Swapping, contiguous memory allocation, paging, structure of the page
table, segmentation.
Virtual Memory: Demand paging, page replacement algorithms, Allocation of Frames, Thrashing.

UNIT IV
Mass-storage structure: Overview of Mass-storage structure, Disk structure, disk attachment,
disk scheduling, swap-space management.
File System implementation: Access Methods, File system structure, file system
implementation, directory implementation, allocation methods, free-space management.

UNIT V
Protection: Goals and Principles of Protection, Implementation of Access Matrix, Access
control, Revocation of Access Rights.
Security: The Security problem, program threats, system and network threats, implementing
security defenses.

TEXT / REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Operating System Concepts Essentials, 9th Edition by AviSilberschatz, Peter Galvin, Greg
Gagne,Wiley Asia Student Edition.
2. Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles, 5th Edition, William Stallings, Prentice
66
 Hallof India.
3. Operating System: A Design-oriented Approach, 1st Edition by Charles Crowley, Irwin
Publishing
4. Operating Systems: A Modern Perspective, 2nd Edition by Gary J. Nutt, Addison- Wesley
5. Modern Operating Systems, Andrew S Tanenbaum 3rd Edition PHI.
6. Operating Systems,R. Elmasri,A.G.Carrick and D.Levine,Mc Graw Hill.
7. Operating Systems in depth, T. W. Doeppner, Wiley.

67
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS ALGORITHMS USING JAVA LAB

Course Code: GR22A2082 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

II Year II Semester
Prerequisite: JAVA and Eclipse

Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze the asymptotic behaviors of functions obtained by elementary composition of polynomials,
exponentials and logarithmic functions
2. Apply different sorting algorithms using divide and conquer strategy.
3. Design and implement greedy and dynamic approach.
4. Build various graph algorithms to solve different problems.
5. Develop branch and bound technique algorithms and backtracking algorithms.

Task 1:
Write a Java program that implements a multi-thread application that has three threads. First
thread generates a random integer for every 1 second; second thread computes the square of the
number andprints; third thread will print the value of cube of the number.

Task 2:
Demonstrate using Java how the divide -and- conquer method works to sort a given set of n
integer elements using Quick Sort method and compute its time complexity. Read the numbers
using randomnumber generator.

Task 3:
Write a java program to implement greedy algorithm for job sequencing with deadlines.

Task 4:
Implement in Java, the Knapsack problem using greedy approach.

Task 5:
Write a java program to implement Dijkstra’s algorithm for the Single source shortest path problem.

Task 6 :
Write a java program that implements Prim’s algorithm to generate minimum cost spanning tree.

Task 7:
Write a java program that implements Kruskal’s algorithm to generate minimum cost spanning tree

Task 8:
Implement All-Pairs Shortest Paths problem using Floyd's algorithm

Task 9:
Write a java program to implement Dynamic Programming algorithm for the 0/1 Knapsack problem.

Task 10:
Implement Travelling Sales Person problem using Dynamic programming.

68
Task 11:
Write a java program to implement the backtracking algorithm for the sum of subsets problem of a
givenset S = {Sl, S2, ....... ,Sn} of n positive integers whose SUM is equal to a given positive
integer d. For example, if S ={1, 2,5,6, 8} and d= 9, there are two solutions {1,2,6}and {1,8}.
Display a suitablemessage, if the given problem instance doesn't have a solution.

Task 12:
Write a java program to implement the backtracking algorithm for the Hamiltonian cycles problem.

Textbooks:
1.Ellis Horowitz, SatrajSahni and S Rajasekharam, Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms,
Galgotia publishers.
2.T H Cormen, C E Leiserson, and R L Rivest, Introduction to Algorithms, 3rdEdition, Pearson
Education.

Reference Books:
1. Michael T. Goodrich & Roberto Tamassia, Algorithm Design, Wiley Singapore Edition, 2002.
2. Design and Analysis of algorithms, Aho, Ullman and Hopcroft, Pearson Education.
3. Design and Analysis of Algorithms, S. Sridhar, Oxford Univ. Press

69
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
OPERATING SYSTEMS AND SCI LAB

Course Code: GR22A2083 L/T/P/C:0/0/4/2

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1.Understand and analyze the various file organization and storage concepts.
2.Implementation of CPU scheduling algorithms, memory management techniques.
3.Understand the need for simulation/ implementation for the verification of
mathematical functions.
4. Implement simple mathematical functions/ equations in numerical computing environment in
Scilab.
5.Interpret and visualize simple mathematical functions and operations there on using
plots/display.

Operating System Tasks:

Task-1: Simulate the following CPU scheduling algorithms
a) FCFS b) SJF c) Priority d) Round Robin
Task-2: Simulate MFT and MVT

Task-3: Simulate Paging Technique of memory management.

Task-4: Simulate all page replacement algorithms

a) FIFO b) Optimal c) LRU
Task-5: Simulate all File Organization Techniques
a) Single level directory b) Two level directory
Task-6: Simulate all file allocation strategies
a) Sequential b) Indexed c) Linked

Sci Lab Tasks:

To understand Scilab environment and programming

Task-7: Scilab environment, The Workspace and Working Directory

Task-8: Vector Operations, Creating Matrices, Sub

Matrices

Task-9: Statistics, Working with Polynomials, Plotting

Graphs

Task-10: Scilab Programming Languages, Functions in

Scilab

Task-11: File Operations

70
Task-12: Reading Microsoft Excel Files

Text/Reference Books:
1. Operating System Concepts Essentials, 9th Edition by AviSilberschatz, Peter Galvin,
GregGagne, Wiley Asia Student Edition.
2. Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles, 5th Edition, William Stallings,
PrenticeHall of India.
3. Operating System: A Design-oriented Approach, 1st Edition by Charles Crowley, Irwin
Publishing.
4. Scilab, from theory to practice Fundamentals Perrine Mathieu, Philippe Roux2016
ISBN:978-2-8227-0293-5.

71
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER NETWORKS LAB

Course Code: GR22A2084 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

II Year II Semester
Course Outcomes:
1. Independently understand basic computer network technology, Data Communications
System andits components.
2. Identify the different types of network topologies and protocols.
3. Understanding the working of wired and wireless networks.
4. Understand the implementation of different framing techniques, Error detecting and
correcting techniques.
5. Implementation of various routing algorithms.

PART I
Task-1: Introduction to Cisco Packet tracer Simulator.

Task-2: Initial Configuration of switch and router.

Task-3: Working with static and dynamic IP addressing.

Task-4: Design star, bus, ring topology using packet tracer.

Task-5: Design a network using Static NAT and Dynamic NAT.

Task-6: Design a wireless LAN.

PART II
Task-7: Implement the data link layer framing methods such as character, character stuffing and bit
stuffing.

Task-8: Implement on a data set of characters the three CRC polynomials – CRC 12, CRC 16
andCRC CCIP.

Task-9: Implement Hamming code

Task-10: Implement Dijkstra‘s algorithm to compute the Shortest path through a graph.

Task-11: Take an example subnet graph with weights indicating delay between nodes. Now obtain
Routing table at each node using distance vector routing algorithm.

Task-12: Take an example subnet of hosts. Obtain broad cast tree for it.

Text/Reference Books:
1. Data Communications and Networking, Behrouz A. Forouzan , Fourth EditionTMH,2006.
2. Computer Networks, Andrew S Tanenbaum, 4thEdition. Pearson Education, PHI.
3. Data communications and Computer Networks, P.C.Gupta,PHI.
4. An Engineering Approach to Computer Networks, S. Keshav, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education.

72
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Course Code:GR22A2001 L/T/P/C:2/0/0/0

II Year II Semester

Prerequisites: Basic knowledge of environmental issues

Course Outcomes:
1. Gain a variety of experiences & acquire a basic knowledge about the environment & its
allied problems.
2. Interpret the key components in safe guarding the environment.
3. Evolve an individual vision of harmonious interaction with the natural world.
4. Appraise the quality of the environment to create a healthy atmosphere.
5. Familiarize with the individual responsibilities towards green revolution.

UNIT I
Introduction and Awareness Activities
Environmental Science: Introduction, Definition, scope, and importance.
AWARENESS ACTIVITIES
Small group meetings about:
 Water management
 Waste water treatment.
 Projects Vs Environment
 Zero waste management
 Circular economy
 Impact of Science & Technology on Environment
 E-waste management
 Biodiversity loss
 Renewable Energy

UNIT II
Slogan and Poster Making Event
 Food waste management
 Rain water harvesting
 Climate change
 Green Power
 Water conservation
 Green at work
 Role of IT in environment and human health
 Sustainable development

UNIT III
Expert Lectures on Environmental Science
 Environmental Impact Assessment
 Industrial waste treatment
 Regenerative farming/Organic farming/Vertical gardens/Hydroponics
 Circular Economy

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UNIT IV
Cleanliness Drive
 Indoor air pollution
 Vehicular pollution
 Visual pollution
 Waste management at home.
 Composting
 Plastic recycling

UNIT V
Case Studies
 HPCL and LG Polymers disasters in Vizag
 Oleum gas leak in Delhi
 Mathura Refinery & Taj Mahal
 Conservation of Hussain Sagar Lake
 The Cleanliest city of India-Surat
 Green Buildings in India
 KBR park in Hyderabad (Environmental protection Vs Development)
 Fluorosis and remediation
 Evaluation of STP or ETP operation in Hyderabad
 Ecotourism & its impacts
 Positive Impact on Environment due to Lockdown Forced by Corona Pandemic

Text Books
1.Environmental Studies for UG Courses, Erach Bharucha, UGC Publications, Delhi, 2004.
2.Textbook of Environmental Studies, Deeksha Dave, S. S. Katewa, Cengage Delmar LearningIndia Pvt.,
2012.

Reference Books
1. Introduction to Environmental Science, Y. Anjaneyulu, BS Publications, 2004.
2. Environmental Studies, Anubha Kaushik & C. P. Kaushik, 4th Edition, New Age International
Publishers,

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
EFFECTIVE TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION

Course Code: GR22A2108 L/T/P/C:2/0/0/0

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Demonstrate to proficiency in producing well-structured technical documents adhering to standard
writing conventions and industry-specific guidelines.
2. Develop critical analysis skills to assess and evaluate technical documents.
3. Develop a habit of lifelong learning in technical communication, recognizing its importance in their
personal and professional growth.
4. Exhibit effective oral communication skills by delivering technical presentations with clarity,
coherence, and appropriate use of visual aids.
5. Exemplify intercultural competence in technical communication.

UNIT I
Information Design and Development- Different kinds of technical documents, Information
development life cycle, Organization structures, Factors affecting information and document design,
Strategies for organization, Information design and writing for print and for online media, Artificial
Intelligence - Voice of the future, Everyday life, Communicating with Machines.

UNIT II
Technical Writing, Grammar, and Editing- Abstract Writing, Technical writing process, forms of
discourse, Collaborative writing, creating indexes, technical writing style and language, Basics of
grammar, and study of advanced grammar, Introduction to Digital Humanities, Managing technical
communication projects, Time estimation, Single sourcing, Localization.

UNIT III
Self-Development and Assessment- SWOT, Self-assessment, Awareness, Perception and Attitudes,
Values and belief, Personal goal setting, Career planning, Self-esteem, Managing Time, Personal memory,
Taking notes, Complex problem-solving, Stress Management, Working with Rhythm and Balance,
Emotional Intelligence, Six Hats of Thinking.

UNIT IV
Communication and Technical Writing- Group discussion, Oral presentation, Resume writing,
Interview skills, Graphic presentation, Personality Development, Technical articles, Official notes,
Memos, and Minutes of meetings.

UNIT V
Ethics- Business ethics- Corporate Social Responsibility-importance, need, stories, Engineering Ethics,
Role and responsibility of engineer, Work culture in jobs.

Text Books
1. M Ashraf Rizvi, Effective Technical Communication, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited,
New Delhi, 2018.

Reference Books
1. Raman Sharma, Technical Communication, Oxford Publication, London, 2013.
2. Meenakshi Raman, Shalini Upadhyay, SOFT SKILLS Key to Success in Workplace and Life, Cengage
Learning India Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 2018.

75
3. Ron Cowan, The teacher’s Grammar of English, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, New
Delhi,2008.
4. Shiv Khera, You Can Win, Macmillian Books, New York, 2003.
5. Arthur D. Rosenberg, David Hizer, The Resume Handbook, Adams Media, an F+W Publications
Company, 57 Little field Street, Avon, MA02322, USA.
6. M. Kay DuPont, Business Etiquette & Professionalism, Viva Books private Limited, Hyd.,2005
7. David F. Beer and David McMurrey, Guide to Writing as an Engineer, John Willey, New York, 2004.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
REAL-TIME RESEARCH PROJECT/ SOCIETAL RELATED PROJECT

Course Code: GR22A2109 L/T/P/C:0/0/4/2

II Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Predict the Field domain in the specialized area under Engineering discipline.
2. Evaluate and Obtained the category of the solution with help of Real time studies.
3. Analyze and discuss the field problems using software tools /Modes/simulations and experimental
investigations.
4. Implementing the solution of problem statement.
5. Prioritize the reports and deliver the final work with presentation.

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 III YEAR
I SEMESTER

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Course Code: GR22A3052 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Understand business requirements and choose a relevant Process model for a given software proposal
2. Analyze the requirements to prepare SRS.
3. Model various Architectural Designs for a software project.
4. Develop various functional and structural test cases for a software module
5. Estimate the Cost and Schedules of a Software Project.

UNIT I
Introduction to Software Engineering: The evolving role of software, Changing Nature of Software,
Software myths.
A Generic view of process: Software engineering- A layered technology, a process framework, The
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), Process patterns, process assessment, personal and team
process models.
Process models: The waterfall model, Incremental process models, Evolutionary process models, The
Unified process.

UNIT II
Software Requirements: Functional and non-functional requirements, User requirements, System
requirements, Interface specification, the software requirements document.
Requirements engineering process: Feasibility studies, Requirements elicitation and analysis,
Requirements validation, Requirements management.

UNIT III
Design Engineering: Design process and Design quality, Design concepts, the Design model. Creating an
architectural design: Software architecture, Data design, Architectural Styles and Patterns, Architectural
Design.
Performing User interface design: Golden rules, User interface analysis and design, interface
analysis, interface design steps, Design evaluation.

UNIT IV
Testing Strategies: A strategic approach to software testing, test strategies for conventional software,
Black-Box and White-Box testing, Validation testing, System testing, the art of Debugging.
Product metrics: Software Quality, Metrics for Analysis Model, Metrics for Design Model, Metrics for
source code, Metrics for testing, Metrics for maintenance.
Metrics for Process and Products: Software Measurement, Metrics for software quality.

UNIT V
Risk management: Reactive vs. Proactive Risk strategies, software risks, Risk identification, Risk

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projection, Risk refinement, RMMM, RMMM Plan.
Quality Management : Quality concepts, Software quality assurance, Software Reviews, Formal technical
reviews, Statistical Software quality Assurance, Software reliability, The ISO 9000 quality standards.

Text Books
1. Software Engineering, A practitioner’s Approach- Roger S.Pressman, 6th edition. McGrawHill
International Edition.
2. Software Engineering- Sommerville, 7th edition, Pearson education.

Reference Books
1. Software Engineering- K.K. Agarwal & Yogesh Singh, New Age International Publishers
2. Software Engineering, an Engineering approach- James F. Peters, Witold Pedrycz, John Wiely.
3. Systems Analysis and Design- Shely Cashman Rosenblatt,Thomson Publications.
4. Software Engineering principles and practice- Waman S Jawadekar, The McGraw-Hill Companies.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Course Code: GR22A3070 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Select an appropriate searching strategy for developing intelligent agents to find solution in optimized
way using building blocks of AI.
2. Apply Prepositional and First Order Logic methods to resolve decisions for Knowledge-based agents.
3. Practice uncertain knowledge and reasoning handling using Bayesian Networks.
4. Analyze the working of temporal model, Hidden Markov Model, and Decision trees.
5. Breakdown the steps to construct small robot capable of performing perception and movement based
on techniques learnt in the course.

UNIT – I
Introduction to AI: Introduction, Foundation of AI, History of Intelligent Agents, Agents and
environments, Concept of Rationality, Nature of environments & Structure of Agents, Problem solving
agents and formulation, Searching For Solutions and Strategies, Uninformed search strategies BFS, DFS,
Heuristic approach, Greedy best search, A* Search, Game Playing: Adversal search, Games, Min-Max
algorithm, Optimal decisions in multiplayer games, Alpha Beta pruning.

UNIT – II
Knowledge Representation & Reasons: Logical agents, Knowledge based agents, The Wumpus world,
Logic: Proportional logic, Resolution patterns in proportional logics, Resolution: Forward and Backward
chaining, First order logic: Inference in First order logic, Proportional vs first order inference, Unification
& Lifting, forward chaining, Resolution, Practice problems.

UNIT - III
Uncertain Knowledge and Reasoning: Uncertainty-Acting under uncertainty, Basic probability notion,
the axioms of probability, inference using full joint distribution, Independence, Bayes’ rule.
Probabilistic Reasoning: Representing Knowledge in uncertain domain, the semantics of Bayesian
networks, efficient representations of conditional distributions, exact inference in Bayesian networks,
approximate inference in Bayesian networks.

UNIT - IV
Probabilistic reasoning over time: Time and uncertainty, inference in temporal model, Hidden Markov
models.
Planning: Overview, Components of Planning, Conditional Planning, Goal Stack Planning.
Learning: Learning from observations: Forms of learning, inductive learning, learning decision trees,
ensemble learning, why learning works.

UNIT - V
Perception: Image formation, Early Image Processing operations- Edge detection, image segmentation.
Object recognition, using vision for manipulation and navigation.
Robotics: Introduction, Robot hardware, robotic perception, planning to move, robotic software
architectures, application domains. Introduction to Expert Systems, Conversational AI, Generative AI.

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Text Books:
1. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Staurt Russel, Peter Norvig, 4th Edition, Pearson

Reference Books:
1. Artificial Intelligence, Elaine Riche & Kevin Night, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt Ltd.
2. Artificial Intelligence, Kevin Knight, Elaine Rich, Shivashankar B. Nair, 3rd Edition, McGra w Hill
Education Pvt Ltd.
3. Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming, Case Studies in Common Lisp, Peter Norvig, Morgan
Kaufmann Publisher.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
WEB PROGRAMMING

Course Code: GR22A3053 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester
Course Outcomes:
1. Develop web page using JavaScript for event handling which uses HTML tags and intrinsic event
attributes.
2. Understand the concept and learn to use the building blocks of XML and Java Bean Components.
3. Build server side applications using servlets for web applications.
4. Design dynamic and interactive websites using JSP.
5. Design databases and Develop the supporting code for Client and Server-Side applications using JSP
and Servlets

UNIT I
HTML: Common tags- List, Tables, images, forms, Frames, Cascading Style sheets.
Java Script: Introduction to Java Scripts, Objects in Java Script, Dynamic HTML with Java Script

UNIT II
XML: Introduction to XML, Building Blocks in XML, Document type definition, XML Schemas,
Presenting XML.
Java Beans: Introduction to Java Beans, Advantages of Java Beans, Java Beans API and Features of Java
Beans: Introspection, Bound properties, Constrained properties, Persistence, Customization.

UNIT III
Servlets: Introduction, Lifecycle, Generic Servlet Package, reading parameters, Reading Initialization
parameters, HTTP Servlet Package, Handling Http Request & Responses, Cookies, Session Tracking.

UNIT IV
JSP Application Development: The Problem with Servlet, The Anatomy of a JSP Page, JSP Processing,
JSP Components: Directives, Action Elements, Scripting Elements, Tag Libraries, Expression Language,
Java Bean Components, Deploying JAVA Beans in a JSP Page, Model View Controller, JSP Application
Design with MVC Setting Up, Error Handling, Scope of Implicit Objects.

UNIT V
Database Access: Database Programming using JDBC, Studying javax.sql.* package, Steps to access
database, Working with Prepared Statements, Accessing a Database from a Java/Servlet/JSP, Application –
Specific Database Actions, Introduction to struts framework.

Text Books
1. Web Programming, building internet applications, Chris Bates 2nd edition, WILEY, Dreamtech
2. The complete Reference Java 2 Fifth Edition by Patrick Naughton and Herbert Schildt. TMH
3. Java Server Pages –Hans Bergsten, SPD O’Reilly

83
Reference Books
1. Programming world wide web-Sebesta, Pearson
2. Core SERVLETS ANDJAVASERVER PAGES VOLUME 1: CORE TECHNOLOGIES By Marty Hall
and Larry Brown Pearson
3. Internet and World Wide Web – How to program by Dietel and Nieto PHI/Pearson Education Asia.
4. Jakarta Struts Cookbook , Bill Siggelkow, S P D O’Reilly for chap 8.
5. Murach’s beginning JAVA JDK 5, Murach, SPD

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE – I)

Course Code: GR22A4038 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester
Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course, the student will be able to
1. Interpret the effect of sampling and quantizing the 2-D continuous-Image signals and analyze,
implement fundamental algorithms and different types of image transforms.
2. Analyze and apply enhancement and restoration techniques suitable for specific application.
3. Design simple systems for realizing some multimedia applications with image segmentation
techniques.
4. Use color image processing techniques to classify objects.
5. Apply the acquired knowledge to solve practical multimedia related problems and projects on work.

UNIT I
Digital image fundamentals and Image Transforms
Digital Image through scanner, Concept of gray levels, Gray level to binary image conversion. Sampling
and quantization. Relationship between pixels. 2D FFT and its Properties. Walsh transform, Hadamard
Transform, Discrete cosine Transform, Haar transform, Slant transform, SVD and Hoteling transform.

UNIT II
Image enhancement in spatial domain and Frequency domain
Point processing, Histogram processing, Spatial filtering, Enhancement in frequency domain, Image
smoothing, Image sharpening, Image enhancement using Fuzzy logic.

UNIT III
Color image processing and Restoration
Pseudo color image processing, full color image processing. Image Restoration Degradation model,
Algebraic approach to restoration, Inverse filtering, least mean square filters, Constrained Least Squares
Restoration, Interactive Restoration.

UNIT IV
Segmentation and Thresholding
Image segmentation, Detection of discontinuities, Edge linking and boundary detection, Thresholding,
Region oriented segmentation, edge detection using Fuzzy logic.

UNIT V
Image Compression Techniques
Image compression Redundancies and their removal methods, Fidelity criteria, Image compression
models, Source encoder and decoder, Error free compression, Lossy compression, Case study in Image
watermarking.
Text Books
1. Digital Image processing – R.C. Gonzalez & R.E. Woods, Addison Wesley/ Pearson education, 2nd

85
 Education, 2002
2. Fundamentals of Digital Image processing – A.K.Jain , PHI.

Reference Books
1. Digital Image processing using MAT LAB – Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E Woods and Steven L.
Edition, PEA, 2004.
2. Digital Image Processing – William K. Pratt, John Wilely, 3rd Edition, 2004.
3. Fundamentals of Electronic Image Processing – Weeks Jr., SPIC/IEEE Series, PHI

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - I)

Course Code: GR22A3047 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Evaluate language constructs and programming paradigms.
2. Apply formal methods of syntax, semantics and data types.
3. Illustrate sub programs, blocks and control structures in different programming languages.
4. Construct abstract data types, concurrency and exceptions.
5. Compare functional and imperative languages.

UNIT I
Preliminary Concepts: Reasons for studying, concepts of programming languages, Programming
domains, Language Evaluation Criteria, Influences on Language design, Language categories,
Programming Paradigms – Imperative, Object Oriented, Functional Programming , Logic Programming.
Programming Language Implementation: Compilation and Virtual Machines, Programming
environments.

UNIT II
Syntax and Semantics: General Problem of describing Syntax and Semantics, formal methods of
describing syntax - BNF, EBNF for common programming language features, parse trees, ambiguous
grammars, attribute grammars, denotation semantics and axiomatic semantics for common programming
language features.
Data types: Introduction, primitive, character, user defined, array, associative, record, union, pointer and
reference types, design and implementation uses related to these types, Names, Variable, concept of
binding, type checking, strong typing, type compatibility, named constants and variable initialization.

UNIT III
Expressions and Statements: Arithmetic relational and Boolean expressions, Short circuit evaluation,
mixed mode assignment, Assignment Statements, Control Structures– Statement Level, Compound
Statements, Selection, Iteration, Unconditional Statements, guarded commands.
Subprograms and Blocks: Fundamentals of sub-programs, Scope and lifetime of variable, static and
dynamic scope, Design issues of subprograms and operations, local referencing environments, parameter
passing methods, overloaded sub-programs, generic sub-programs, parameters that are sub- program
names, design issues for functions, user defined overloaded operators, co routines.

UNIT IV
Abstract Data types: Abstractions and encapsulation, Introduction to data abstraction, design issues,
language examples, C++ parameterized ADT, object oriented programming in C++, Java, C#,Python
Concurrency: Subprogram level concurrency, semaphores, monitors, message passing, Java threads,
Examples: Java RMI, Parallel Java, Parallel C
Exception handling: Exceptions, Exception propagation, Exception handler in C++ and Java and PHP.
Handling Large Database.
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UNIT V
Functional Programming Languages: Introduction, fundamentals of FPL, LISP, ML, Haskell,
application of Functional Programming Languages and comparison of functional and imperative
languages.
Logic Programming Language: Introduction and overview of logic programming, basic elements of
prolog, application of logic programming.

Text Books
1.Concepts of Programming Languages Robert .W. Sebesta 6/e, Pearson Education.
2.Programming Languages –Louden, Second Edition,Thomson.

Reference Books
1. Programming languages –Ghezzi, 3/e, JohnWiley
2. Programming Languages Design and Implementation – Pratt and Zelkowitz, Fourth Edition
PHI/Pearson Education

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
EDGE COMPUTING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - I)

Course Code: GR22A4059 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze the Edge platforms.
2. Understand Implementations of IoT with examples.
3. Understand the RaspberryPi Programming.
4. Apply the Edge to Cloud protocols.
5. Understand Edge computing and solutions

UNIT-I
IoT and Edge Computing Definition and Use Cases, Introduction to Edge Computing Scenario's and Use
cases - Edge computing purpose and definition, Edge computing use cases, Edge computing hardware
architectures, Edge platforms, Edge vs Fog Computing, Communication Models - Edge, Fog and M2M.

UNIT- II
IoT Architecture and Core IoT Modules-A connected ecosystem, IoT versus machine-to-machine versus,
SCADA, the value of a network and Metcalfe's and Backstrom’s laws, IoT and edge architecture, Role of
an architect, Understanding Implementations with examples-Example use case and deployment, Case
study – Telemedicine palliative care, Requirements, Implementation, Use case retrospective.

UNIT -III
RaspberryPi: Introduction to RaspberryPi, About the RaspberryPi Board: Hardware Layout and Pinouts,
Operating Systems on RaspberryPi, Configuring RaspberryPi, Programming Raspberry Pi, Connecting
Raspberry Pi via SSH, Remote access tools, Interfacing DHT Sensor with Pi, Pi as Webserver, Pi Camera,
Image & Video Processing using Pi.

UNIT IV
Implementation of Microcomputer RaspberryPi and device Interfacing, Edge to Cloud Protocols, MQTT,
MQTT publish-subscribe, MQTT architecture details, MQTT state transitions, MQTT packet structure,
MQTT data types, MQTT communication formats, MQTT 3.1.1working example.

UNIT V
Edge computing with RaspberryPi, Industrial and Commercial IoT and Edge, Edge computing and
solutions.

Text Books
1. IoT and Edge Computing for Architects - Second Edition, by Perry Lea, Publisher: Packt
Publishing, 2020, ISBN: 9781839214806
2. Raspberry Pi Cookbook, 3rd Edition, by Simon Monk, Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Inc.,
2019, ISBN: 978149204322.

89
Reference Books
1. Fog and Edge Computing: Principles and Paradigms by Rajkumar Buyya, Satish Narayana
Srirama, wiley publication, 2019, ISBN: 9781119524984.
2. David Jensen, “Beginning Azure IoT Edge Computing: Extending the Cloud to the
Intelligent Edge, MICROSOFT AZURE

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CYBER SECURITY
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - I)

Course Code: GR22A3055 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Obtain firm understanding on basic terminology and concepts of cybercrimes and security.
2. Analyze the plans of attacks.
3. Deal with the security challenges posed by mobile devices.
4. Implement the tools to handle security challenges.
5. Evaluate the associated challenges and the cost of cybercrimes in Organizations.

UNIT I
Introduction to Cybercrime: Introduction, Cybercrime and Information Security, Cyber Criminals,
Classifications of Cybercrimes and Cybercrime: The legal Perspectives and Indian Perspective,
Cybercrime and the Indian ITA 2000, A Global Perspective on Cybercrimes.

UNIT II
Cyber Offenses: Introduction, How Criminals plan the Attacks, Types of Attackers, Cyber stalking, Cyber
Cafe and Cybercrimes, Botnets: The Fuel for Cybercrime, Attack Vector, Cloud Computing.

UNIT III
Cybercrime: Mobile and Wireless Devices: Introduction, Proliferation of Mobile and Wireless Devices,
Trends in Mobility, Credit card Frauds in Mobile and Wireless Computing Era, Security Challenges Posed
by Mobile Devices, Registry Settings for Mobile Devices, Authentication service Security, Attacks on
Mobile/Cell Phones, Mobile Devices: Security Implications for Organizations, Organizational Measures
for Handling Mobile, Organizational Security Policies and Measures in Mobile Computing Era, Laptops.

UNIT IV
Tools and Methods Used in Cybercrime: Introduction, Proxy Servers and Anonymizers, Phishing,
Password Cracking, Key loggers and Spywares, Virus and Worms, Trojan Horse and Backdoors,
Steganography, DoS and Types of DDoS attacks, SQL Injection, Buffer Overflow.

UNIT V
Cyber Security: Organizational Implications Introduction, Cost of Cybercrimes and IPR issues,
Web threats for Organizations, Security and Privacy Implications, Social media marketing: Security Risks
and Perils for Organizations, Social Computing, and the associated challenges for Organizations.

Text Books
1. Cyber Security: Understanding Cyber Crimes, Computer Forensics and Legal Perspectives, Nina
Godbole and Sunil Belapure, WileyINDIA.

Reference Books
1. Cyber Security Essentials, James Graham, Richard Howard and Ryan Otson, CRCPress.
2. Introduction to Cyber Security, Chwan-Hwa(john) Wu,J.DavidIrwin.CRC Pr
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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND UML LAB

Course Code: GR22A3150 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. To understand the software engineering methodologies in the phases of project development
2. To gain knowledge about open source tools used for implementing software engineering methods
3. An ability to distinguish the different uml diagrams.
4. An ability to design how to apply the UML to a number of common modeling techniques.
5. Show the role and function of each UML model in developing object oriented software.

I. UML diagrams to be developed are:

1. Use Case diagram.
2. Class diagram.
3. Sequence diagram.
4. Collaboration diagram.
5. State diagram.
6. Activity diagram
7. Component Diagram
8. Deployment Diagram

II. Case Studies:

1. Online Movie ticket system
2. E commerce Website.
3. Easy Leave Application
4. Hospital Management system

Prepare the following documents and develop the software project startup, prototype model, using
software engineering methodology for at least two real time scenarios or for the sample experiments.
Problem Analysis and Project Planning -Thorough study of the problem – Identify Project scope,
Objectives and Infrastructure.
Software Requirement Analysis – Describe the individual Phases/modules of the project and Identify
deliverables. Identify functional and non-functional requirements.
Data Modeling – Use work products – data dictionary.
Software Designing – Develop use case diagrams and activity diagrams, build and test class diagrams,
sequence diagrams and add interface to class diagrams.
Prototype model – Develop the prototype of the product.
The SRS and prototype model should be submitted for end semester examination.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Roger S.Pressman, Software engineering- A practitioner’s Approach, McGraw-Hill International
Edition, 6th edition, 2001.
2. Ian Sommerville, Software engineering, Pearson education Asia, 6th edition, 2000
3. Unified modeling language- Grady booch
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REFERENCES
1. Software Engineering- K.K. Agarwal & Yogesh Singh, New Age International Publishers
2. Software Engineering, an Engineering approach- James F. Peters, Witold Pedrycz, John Wiely.
3. Systems Analysis and Design- Shely Cashman Rosenblatt,Thomson Publications.
4. Software Engineering principles and practice- Waman S Jawadekar, The McGraw-Hill Companies.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTERNET OF THINGS AND APPLICATIONS LAB

Course Code: GR22A3057 L/T/P/C: 0/1/2/2

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Apply the skills to code and build simple real time applications using 8-bit and 32-bit microcontroller.
2. Develop the skills to write and to upload the programs.
3. Understand interfacing techniques to connect different sensors to a microcontroller.
4. Design mobile applications to work with data through cloud.
5. Apply the skills to develop an IoT project.

TASK 1
Write an ARDUINO Program for
a) Blinking LEDs
b) Serial Lights
c) LED Interface through Switch

TASK 2
Write an ARDUINO Program for
a) Display string1 on first line and string2 on second line on LCD
b) Implement different LCD commands

TASK 3
Write an ARDUINO Program for
a) Take command from PC and glow corresponding LED
b) Echo Program- read a string from serial monitor and display it back on PC
c) Press Switch and display switch number on PC

TASK 4
Write an ARDUINO Program
a) Read LM35 sensor data, and display the temperature value on the serial monitor
b) Read LDR sensor data, and display it on the PC
c) Read LDR sensor data and make the LED ON or OFF

TASK 5
Write an ARDUINO Program
a) Transfer/ Receive data to/ from PC using Bluelink and display data on PC
b) Read data from mobile phone and make the LED ON or OFF using Bluelink

TASK 6
Interfacing different Sensors to ESP32
a) Programming a Generic Sensor Board to interface the Temperature & Humidity sensor
b) Write a program for interfacing the Ultrasonic Sensor with Generic Sensor Board

94
TASK 7
a) Using Generic Sensor Board write a program to interface the Soil Moisture Sensor
b) Programming a Generic Sensor Board to interface the Real Time Clock module

TASK 8
a) Design and interface the Magnetic Sensor with Generic Sensor Board
b) With the help of Generic Sensor Board, build an interface for switching applications using relay

TASK 9
a) Develop a Mobile app for simple User Interface
b) Design a Mobile app to work with data of a cloud

TASK 10
Design an application to create a Remote Motor Control System

TASK 11
Develop a Smart Garden using Generic Sensor Board

TASK 12
Integrating different blocks to do the IOT project on Real Time-based Appliance Control.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Embedded Controllers using C and Arduino/2E by James M.Fiore

REFERENCES
Web References:
1. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePage,
2. https://www.espressif.com/en/products/socs/esp32

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
WEB PROGRAMMING LAB

Course Code: GR22A3058 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Create web pages using HTML, DHTML and Cascading Styles sheets.
2. Design dynamic web pages using JavaScript (client side programming).
3. Apply the concepts of XML, Servlets, JSP and protocol usage in the workings of theweb applications
4. Analyze a web page and identify its elements and attributes.
5. Create interactive web applications using JSP.

TASK -1
Design the following static web pages required for an online book store web site.

Home Page: The static home page must contain three frames.

Top frame: Logo and the college name and links to Home page, Login page, Registration page, Catalogue
page and Cart page (the description of these pages will be given below).

Left frame: At least four links for navigation, which will display the catalogue ofrespective links.
For e.g.: When you click the link “CSE” the catalogue for CSE Books should bedisplayed in the Right
frame.
Right frame: The pages to the links in the left frame must be loaded here. Initially this page contains
description of the web site

96
Login Page

CATOLOGUE PAGE
The catalogue page should contain the details of all the books available in the web site in a table.

The details should contain the following:

1. Snap shot of Cover Page.

2. Author Name.
3. Publisher.
4. Price.
5. Add to cart button

Note: Task 2 contains the remaining pages and their description.

97
TASK-2
Cart Page
The cart page contains the details about the books which are added to the cart. The cart page should look
like this:

Registration Page
Create a “registration form “with the following fields
1. Name (Text field)
2. Password (password field)
3. E-mail id (text field)
4. Phone number (text field)
5. Gender (radio button)
6. Date of birth (3 select boxes)
7. Languages known (check boxes English, Telugu, Hindi, Tamil)
8. Address (text area)

98
TASK-3
Validation
Write JavaScript to validate the following fields of the above registration page.
1. Name (Name should contains alphabets and the length should not be less than 6 characters).
2. Password (Password should not be less than 6 characters length).
3. E-mail id (should not contain any invalid and must follow the standard [email protected])
4. Phone number (Phone number should contain 10 digits only).

Note: You can also validate the login page with these parameters.

TASK-4
Design a web page using CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) which includes the following:
1. Use different font, styles: In the style definition you define how each selector should work (font, color
etc.). Then, in the body of your pages, you refer to these selectors to activate the styles.
2. Set a background image for both the page and single elements on the page.
3. Control the repetition of the image with the background-repeat property. As background- repeat: repeat
Tiles the image until the entire page is filled, just like an ordinary background image in plain HTML.
4. Design a web page which must include hyperlinks by using A:link, A:visited, A:active, A:hover
Work with layers
5. Add a customized cursor like crosshair, help, wait, move, e-resize

99
TASK-5
Write an XML file which will display the Book information which includes the following:
1. Title of the book
2. Author Name
3. ISBN number
4. Publisher name
5. Edition
6. Price

Write a Document Type Definition (DTD) to validate the above XML file. Display the XML file as follows.
The contents should be displayed in a table. The header of the table should be in color GREY. And the
Author names column should be displayed in one color and should be capitalized and in bold. Use your
own colors for remaining columns. Use XML schemas XSL and CSS for the above purpose.

TASK- 6
Create a simple visual bean with an area filled with a color.
The shape of the area depends on the property shape. If it is set to true then the shape of the area is Square
and it is Circle, if it is false.
The color of the area should be changed dynamically for every mouse click. The color should also be
changed if we change the color in the “property window “.

TASK-7
1. Install TOMCAT web server and APACHE. While installation assign port number 4040 to TOMCAT and
8080 to APACHE. Make sure that these ports are available i.e., no other process is using this port.
2. Access the above developed static web pages for books web site, using these servers by putting the web
pages developed in week-1 and week-2 in the document root.
Access the pages by using the urls http://localhost:4040/rama/books.html (for tomcat)
http://localhost:8080/books.html (for Apache).

100
TASK-8
User Authentication:
1. Assume four users user1, user2, user3 and user4 having the passwords pwd1, pwd2, pwd3 and pwd4
respectively. Write a servlet for doing the following.
 Create a Cookie and add these four-user id's and passwords to this Cookie.
 Read the user id and passwords entered in the Login form (week1) and authenticate with the
values (user id and passwords) available in the cookies.
If he/she is a valid user (i.e., user-name and password match) you should welcome him by name (user-
name) else you should display “You are not an authenticated user “.
2. Repeat the same using by storing the 4 user ids and passwords in web.xml file using init-parameters

TASK-9
Install a database (Mysql or Oracle).Create a table which should contain at least the following fields: name,
password, email-id, phone number (these should hold the data from the registration form).Practice 'JDBC'
connectivity.
Write a java program/servlet/JSP to connect to that database and extract data from the tables and display
them. Experiment with various SQL queries.
Insert the details of the users who register with the web site, whenever a new user clicks the submit button
in the registration page (week2).

TASK-10
Write a JSP which does the following job:
Insert the details of the 3 or 4 users who registered with the web site using week9 by using registration
form. Authenticate the user when he submits the login form using the user name and password from the
database.

TASK-11
Create tables in the database which contain the details of books having Book name, Price, Quantity,
Amount of each category. Modify the catalogue page (week 2) in such a way that you should connect to the
database and extract data from the tables and display them in the cataloguepage using JDBC.

TASK-12
HTTP is a stateless protocol. Session is required to maintain the state. The user may add some items to cart
from the catalog page. He can check the cart page for the selected items. He may visit the catalogue again
and select some more items. Here our interest is the selected items should be added to the old cart rather
than a new cart. Multiple users can do the same thing at a time. This can be achieved through the use of
sessions. Every user will have his own session which will be created after his successful login to the website.
When the user logs out his session should get invalidated (by using the method session. Invalidate ()).
Modify the catalogue and cart JSP pages to achieve the above mentioned functionality using sessions.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Web Programming, building internet applications, Chris Bates 2nd edition, WILEY, Dream tech
2. The complete Reference Java 2 Fifth Edition by Patrick Naughton and Herbert Schildt. TMH
Java Server Pages –Hans Bergsten, SPD O’Reilly

101
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

Course Code: GR22A2003 L/T/P/C: 2/0/0/0

III Year I Semester

Course Outcomes
1. Students will be able to know the importance of Constitution and Government
2. Students will be able to become Good Citizens and know their fundamental rights, duties, and
principles.
3. Students will learn about the role of PM, President, Council of Ministers etc and it will help students
learn about Local Administration.
4. The students understand the importance of Election Commission and the Students will become aware of
how a Country and State are run in Democracy.
5. They will know about Secularism, Federalism, Democracy, Liberty, Freedom of Expression, Special
Status of States etc.,

UNIT I
Introduction: Constitution’ meaning of the term, Indian Constitution: Sources and constitutional
history, Features: Citizenship, Preamble, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Directive Principles of State
Policy

UNIT II
Union Government and its Administration: Structure of the Indian Union: Federalism, Centre - State
relationship, President: Role, power and position, PM and Council of ministers, Cabinet and Central
Secretariat, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha

UNIT III
State Government and its Administration: Governor: Role and Position, CM and Council of ministers,
State Secretariat: Organization, Structure and Functions

UNIT IV
Local Administration: District’s Administration head: Role and Importance, Municipalities:
Introduction, Mayor and role of Elected Representative, CEO of Municipal Corporation, Pachayati raj:
Introduction, PRI: Zila Pachayat, Elected officials and their roles, CEO Zila Pachayat: Position and role,
Block level: Organizational Hierarchy (Different departments), Village level: Role of Elected and
Appointed officials.

UNIT V
Composition of Judiciary and Election Commission: Composition of Indian Judiciary, Election
Commission: Role and Functioning, Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners, State
Election Commission: Role and Functioning, Institute and Bodies for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC.

TEXT BOOKS
1. ‘Indian Polity’ by Laxmikanth 5th Edition, McGraw Hill Edition.
2. Indian Constitution by Subhash C. Kashyap, Vision Books Publisher

REFERENCES
1. ‘Introduction to Indian Constitution’ by D.D. Basu, 21st Edition, LexisNexis Publisher
2. ‘Indian Administration by Avasthi and Avasthi-by lakshminarainagarwal publication.

102
 III YEAR
II SEMESTER

103
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AUTOMATA AND COMPILER DESIGN

Course Code: GR22A3115 L/T/P/C: 2/1/0/3

III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Articulate the models for regular sets grammar for program constructs.
2. Develop the phases of the compiler for a language definition through regular expressions and
grammars.
3. Build the Bottom up parsers and intermediate code generation algorithms.
4. Experiment memory management techniques in the phases of compiler.
5. Interpret the Code optimization and code generation techniques.

UNIT I
Introduction: Alphabets, Strings and Languages; Automata and Grammars, Deterministic Finite
Automata (DFA)-Formal Definition, Simplified notation: State transition graph, Transition table,
Language of DFA, Nondeterministic Finite Automata (NFA), introduction to CFG, Ambiguous
grammar, Regular Expressions, Arden’s theorem.
.
UNIT II
Compiler Structure: Compilers and Translators, Various Phases of Compiler, Pass Structure of
Compiler, Bootstrapping of Compiler. Lexical Analysis: The role of Lexical Analyzer, The Lexical-
Analyzer Generator Lex , Syntax Analysis : CFG, Lexical Versus Syntactic Analysis , Eliminating
Ambiguity , Elimination of Left Recursion , Left Factoring, Top-Down parsers: Recursive-Descent
Parsing, FIRST and FOLLOW, LL(1) Grammars, Non recursive Predictive Parsing, Error Recovery in
Predictive Parsing.

UNIT III
Bottom–up Parsers: Reductions, Handle Pruning, Shift-Reduce Parsing, Conflicts During Shift-
Reduce Parsing, LR parsers : SLR, Canonical LR, LALR, Parser Generators : YACC. Syntax Directed
translation mechanism and attributed definition.
Intermediate Code Generation: Variants of Syntax Trees, Three-Address Code, Quadruples & Triples,
Types and Declarations, Translation of Expressions, Type Checking, Control Flow, Switch- Statements,
Intermediate Code for Procedures.

UNIT IV
Run Time Memory Management: Static and Dynamic storage allocation, stack based memory
allocation schemes, Symbol Table management, Error Detection and Recovery: Lexical phase errors,
Syntactic phase errors, Semantic errors.

UNIT V
Code Optimization and Code Generation: Local optimization, Loop optimization, Peephole
optimization, Basic blocks and flow graphs, DAG, Data flow analyzer, Machine Model, Order of
evaluation, Register allocation and code selection.

104
Text Books
1. Introduction to Theory of Computation. Sipser, 2 nd Edition,Thomson.
2. Hopcroft, Ullman, “Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and Computation”, Pearson
Education
3. Compilers Principles, Techniques and Tools Aho, Ullman, Sethi,Pearson Education

Reference Books
1. Modern Compiler Construction in C , Andrew W.Appel Cambridge University Press.
2. Compiler Construction, LOUDEN, Thomson.
3. Elements of Compiler Design, A. Meduna, Auerbach Publications, Taylor and Francis Group.
4. Principles of Compiler Design, V.Raghavan, TMH.
5. Engineering a Compiler, K. D. Cooper, L.Torczon, ELSEVIER.
6. Introduction to Formal Languages and Automata Theory and Computation -Kamala
Krithivasan and Rama R, Pearson.

105
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MACHINE LEARNING
Course Code: GR22A3140 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Explain the concepts machine learning models and able to perform feature engineering techniques.
2. Identify and apply appropriate supervised learning models.
3. Design neural network models for the given data.
4. Perform evaluation on machine learning algorithms and model selection techniques.
5. Devise un-supervised and reinforcement learning models.
.
UNIT I
Introduction: Introduction to machine learning, Supervised learning, Unsupervised learning, Semi-
supervised learning, Reinforcement learning, Deep learning, Concept learning using find-S algorithm.
Feature Engineering: Feature Selection using Filter, Wrapper, Embedded methods, and Feature
normalization using min-max normalization, z-score normalization, and constant factor normalization,
Introduction to Dimensionality Reduction: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear
Discriminant Analysis (LDA) techniques.

UNIIT II
Supervised Learning – I (Regression and Classification)
Regression models: Simple linear regression, Multiple linear regression. Cost Function, Gradient Descent,
Performance Metrics: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), R-Squared error,
Adjusted R Square.
Classification models: Decision Trees-ID3, CART, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest-Neighbors (KNN), Logistic
regression, Multinomial logistic regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM).

UNIT III
Supervised Learning – II (Classification with Neural Networks)
Neural Network Representation: Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Activation
Functions, Perceptron and Back Propagation algorithms.
Convolutional Neural Networks - Convolution and Pooling layers, Recurrent Neural Networks(RNN).
Classification Metrics: Confusion matrix, Precision, Recall, Accuracy, F-Score, ROC curves

UNIT IV
Model Validation in Classification: Cross Validation - Holdout Method, K-Fold, StratifiedK- Fold, Leave-
One-Out Cross Validation (LOOC-V).
Bias-Variance tradeoff, Regularization, Overfitting, Underfitting.
Ensemble Methods: Boosting, Bagging, Random Forest classifier.

UNIT V
Unsupervised Learning: K-means, K-Modes, K-Prototypes, Gaussian Mixture Model clustering
algorithms, Expectation-Maximization, BIRCH clustering algorithms.
Reinforcement Learning: Exploration and exploitation trade-offs, non-associative learning, Markov
decision processes, Q-learning.
106
Text Books
1. Data Mining–Concepts and Techniques -Jiawei Han and Micheline Kamber, Morgan Kaufmann (2nd
Edition).
2. Machine Learning – Tom M. Mitchell, TMGH.
3. Introduction to Data Mining - Michael Steinbach, Pang-Ning Tan, and Vipin Kumar (Second Edition).

Reference Books
1. Kevin Murphy, Machine Learning: A Probabilistic Perspective, MIT Press, 2012.
2. R. S. Sutton and A. G. Barto. Reinforcement Learning - An Introduction. MIT Press,1998.
3. Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning, Spri nger
2009.
4. Christopher Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 2007.
5. Machine Learning Yearning, Andrew Ng.

107
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FULL STACK DEVELOPMENT
Course Code: GR22A3123 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will able to
1. Analyse the Structure and implement HTML/CSS and apply intermediate and advanced web
development practices.
2. Implement the basic JavaScript and Develop a fully functioning website and deploy on a web server.
3. Design the applications using bootstrap, jQuery and Angular JS
4. Construct the real-world applications using PHP and MySQL
5.Become an industry-ready engineer who can be readily deployed in a project
.
UNIT I
Introduction to Full Stack Development & HTML5
Introduction, Modern Application Architecture, Front-End Technologies, Front End Libraries and
Frameworks, Back-end Technologies.
HTML 5 - New Elements, Video & Audio, Canvas, Vector Graphics, Web Storage, Drag & Drop,
Geolocation.

UNIT II
CSS3 & Java Script
CSS3: Basic Styling, Positioning & Background Images, Pseudo Classes, Colors, Backgrounds &
Gradients, Text & Box Shadows, Transitions & Animation, Columns & Flexbox.
Java Script: Variables, Arrays & Objects, Loops, Conditionals & Switches, Functions & Events,
JavaScript Form Validation

UNIT III
Bootstrap and React JS
Bootstrap Programming - Setup, Templates & Navbar, Typography, Forms & Tables, CSS Components,
Grid System, Modal, Dropdown, Tabs & Tooltip, Collapse, Accordion and Carousel.
React JS - Introduction, Features, Components - Lifecycle, Constructor, Forms, Events.

UNIT IV
jQuery and Angular JS
jQuery - Overview of jQuery, Configuration of jQuery, syntax, selectors, events, effects, working with
HTML, jQuery with CSS, Traversing.
Angular JS – Introduction to AngularJS, Features of AngularJS-MVC Architecture and Expressions -
Numbers, Strings, Objects, Arrays, Directives, Filters.

UNIT V
PHP and MySQL
Backend Programming with PHP - XAMMP Environment Setup, PHP Programming Fundamentals,
PHP Data Types & Dates, Objects and Classes, Cookies, Sessions.
Introduction MySQL - Creating a MySQL Database, Connect & Fetch data from MySQL, Insert and
108
Delete MySQL data from PHP.

Text Books
1. Full Stack Web Development For Beginners: Learn Ecommerce Web Development Using HTML5,
CSS3, Bootstrap, JavaScript, MySQL, and PHP by Riaz Ahmed – 2021
2. Complete Course Full Stack Web Development – Matthew J. Leonard

Reference Books
1. Modern Full-Stack Development: Using TypeScript, React, Node.js, Webpack, and Docker Paperback –
30 March 2020,by Frank Zammetti (Author)
2. Mastering Html, Css & Javascript Web Publishing Paperback – 15 July 2016 by Laura Lemay
(Author), Rafe Colburn (Author), Jennifer Kyrnin (Author)
3. The Full Stack Developer: Your Essential Guide to the Everyday Skills Expected of a Modern Full
Stack Web Developer Paperback – Import, 20 November 2018 by Chris Northwood (Author)

109
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-II)

Course Code: GR22A3146 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Summarize the fundamental concepts of Blockchain, Consensus mechanism and
Cryptocurrency.
2. Illustrate the application of public blockchain system and smart contract in industry.
3. Comprehend the characteristics of private blockchain, consortium blockchain and Initial Coin
Offering Platforms.
4. Demonstrate the security, privacy challenges and applications of blockchain
5. Develop blockchain programs using Python and Hyperledger Fabric for real time applications.

UNIT I
Fundamentals of Blockchain: Introduction, Origin of Blockchain, Blockchain Solution,
Components of Blockchain, Block in a Blockchain,The Technology and the Future.
Blockchain Types and Consensus Mechanism: Introduction, Decentralization and Distribution,
Types of Blockchain, Consensus Protocol.
Cryptocurrency – Bitcoin, Altcoin and Token: Introduction, Bitcoin and the Cryptocurrency,
Cryptocurrency Basics, Types of Cryptocurrencies, Cryptocurrency Usage.

UNIT II
Public Blockchain System: Introduction, Public Blockchain, Popular Public Blockchains, The
Bitcoin Blockchain, Ethereum Blockchain.
Smart Contracts: Introduction, Smart Contract, Characteristics of a Smart Contract, Types of
Smart Contracts, Types of Oracles, Smart Contracts in Ethereum, Smart Contracts in Industry.

UNIT III
Private Blockchain System: Introduction, Key Characteristics of Private Blockchain, Why We
Need Private Blockchain, Private Blockchain Examples, Private Blockchain and Open Source, E-
commerce Site Example, Various Commands (Instructions) in E-commerce Blockchain, Smart
Contract in Private Environment, State Machine, Different Algorithms of Permissioned Blockchain,
Byzantine Fault, Multichain.
Consortium Blockchain: Introduction, Key Characteristics of Consortium Blockchain, Why We
Need Consortium Blockchain, Hyperledger Platform, Overview of Ripple, Overview of Corda.
Initial Coin Offering: Introduction, Blockchain Fundraising Methods, Launching an ICO,
Investing in an ICO, Pros and Cons of Initial Coin Offering, Successful Initial Coin Offerings,
Evolution of ICO, ICO Platforms.

UNIT IV
Security in Blockchain: Introduction, Security Aspects in Bitcoin, Security and Privacy
Challenges of Blockchain in General, Performance and Scalability, Identity Management and
Authentication, Regulatory Compliance and Assurance, Safeguarding Blockchain Smart Contract
(DApp), Security Aspects in Hyperledger Fabric.
110
Applications of Blockchain: Introduction, Blockchain in Banking and Finance, Blockchain in
Education, Blockchain in Energy, Blockchain in Healthcare, Blockchain in Real-estate, Blockchain
in Supply Chain, The Blockchain and IoT. Limitations and Challenges of Blockchain.

UNIT V
Blockchain Case Studies: Case Study 1 – Retail, Case Study 2 – Banking and Financial Services,
Case Study 3 – Healthcare, Case Study 4 – Energy and Utilities.
Blockchain Platform using Python: Introduction, Learn How to Use Python Online Editor, Basic
Programming Using Python, Python Packages for Blockchain.
Blockchain platform using Hyperledger Fabric: Introduction, Components of Hyperledger
Fabric Network, Chain codes from Developer.ibm.com, Blockchain Application Using Fabric Java
SDK.

Text Books
1. “Blockchain Technology”, Chandramouli Subramanian, Asha A.George, Abhilash K A and
Meena Karthikeyan, Universities Press.

Reference Books
1. Blockchain Blueprint for Economy, Melanie Swan, SPD O'reilly.
2. Blockchain for Business, Jai Singh Arun, Jerry Cuomo, Nitin Gaur, Pearson Addition Wesley.

111
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
UNIX PROGRAMMING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-II)

Course Code: GR22A3124 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Experiment and work with various shell scripts. Demonstrate the usage of various system calls for file
and directory management
2. Develop the ability to implement various process and signal handling mechanisms of UNIX
3. Select the appropriate mechanism for working with IPC using pipes, named pipes along with
concurrency management
4. Interpret the usage of system calls for SYSTEM-V IPC using programs
5. Develop the ability to implement various client server applications using sockets

UNIT-I
Working with the Bourne shell: shell responsibilities, shell meta characters, shell variables, shell
commands, control structures, shell script examples.
Unix Files: Unix file structure, low level file access system calls, usage of open, creat, read, write, close,
lseek, stat, fstat, umask, dup, dup2. Formatted I/O, streams and file descriptors, file and directory
maintenance system calls chmod, chown, unlink, link, symlink, mkdir, rmdir, chdir, getcwd, Directory
handling system calls opendir, readdir, closedir, rewinddir, seekdir, telldir.

UNIT-II
Unix Process and Signals: process structure, starting new process, waiting for a process, zombie process,
process control, system call interface for process management-fork, vfork, exit, wait, waitpid, exec, system,
Signals- Signal functions, unreliable signals, kill, raise, alarm, pause, abort, sleep functions.

UNIT-III
Interprocess Communication Overview: Introduction to IPC, IPC between processes on a single
computer system, file and record locking, other unix locking techniques, pipes, FIFOs, streams and
messages, namespaces.

UNIT-IV
Message Queues-Unix system-V messages, unix kernel support for messages, unix APIs for messages,
client/server example. Semaphores-Unix system-V semaphores, unix kernel support for semaphores, unix
APIs for semaphores, file locking with semaphores. Shared Memory-Unix system-V shared memory, unix
kernel support for shared memory, unix APIs for shared memory, semaphore and shared memory example.

UNIT-V
Sockets: Introduction to Sockets, Socket system calls for connection-oriented protocol and connectionless
protocol, example-client/server programs.

Text Books
1. Unix the ultimate guide, Sumitabha Das, TMH
112
2. Unix Network Programming, W.R.Stevens, Pearson/PHI
3. UNIX Network Programming, Vol. I, Sockets API, 2nd Edition. - W.Richard Stevens, Pearson Edn.
Asia.

Reference Books
1.M.G. Venkatesh Murthy: UNIX & Shell Programming, Pearson Education.
2. Richard Blum , Christine Bresnahan : Linux Command Line and Shell Scripting Bible, 2nd Edition,
Wiley,2014.

113
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
GREEN COMPUTING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-II)

Course Code: GR22A4121 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year II Semester

Pre-requisites: Hydraulics and Water Resource Engineering

Course outcomes:
1. Summarize the fundamentals of green computing practices.
2. Apply the modeling to reduce negative impact on the environment.
3. Analyze the energy saving practices for use in hardware.
4. Demonstrate the tools for reducing paper waste and carbon foot print.
5. Articulate green computing strategies for Case Study Scenarios.

UNIT I
Fundamentals: Green IT Fundamentals: Business, IT, and the Environment – Green computing: carbon
footprint, scoop on power – Green IT Strategies: Drivers, Dimensions, and Goals – Environmentally
Responsible Business: Policies, Practices, and Metrics.

UNIT II
Green Assets and Modeling: Green Assets: Buildings, Data Centers, Networks, and Devices – Green
Business Process Management: Modeling, Optimization, and Collaboration – Green Enterprise
Architecture –Environmental Intelligence – Green Supply Chains – Green Information Systems: Design
and Development Models.

UNIT III
Grid Framework: Virtualizing of IT systems – Role of electric utilities, Telecommuting, teleconferencing
and teleporting – Materials recycling – Best ways for Green PC – Green Data center- Green Grid
framework.

UNIT IV
Green Compliance: Socio-cultural aspects of Green IT – Green Enterprise Transformation Roadmap -
Green Compliance: Protocols, Standards, and Audits – Emergent Carbon Issues: Technologies and Future.

UNIT V
Case Studies: The Environmentally Responsible Business Strategies (ERBS) – Case Study Scenarios for
Trial Runs – Case Studies – Applying Green IT Strategies and Applications to a Home, Hospital,
Packaging Industry and Telecom Sector.

Text Books
1. Bhuvan Unhelkar, “Green IT Strategies and Applications-Using Environmental Intelligence”, CRC
Press, June 2011
2. Woody Leonhard, Katherrine Murray, “Green Home computing for dummies”, August 2009.
114
Reference Books
1. 1. Alin Gales, Michael Schaefer, Mike Ebbers, “Green Data Center: steps for the Journey”,
Shoff/IBM rebook, 2011.
2. John Lamb, “The Greening of IT”, Pearson Education, 2009.
3. Jason Harris, “Green Computing and Green IT- Best Practices on regulations & industry”,Lulu.com,
2008.
4. Carl speshocky, “Empowering Green Initiatives with IT”, John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
5. Wu Chun Feng (editor), “Green computing: Large Scale energy efficiency”, CRC Press, 2012.

115
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CLOUD COMPUTING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE -II)

Course Code: GR22A3126 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify varies features, advantages and challenges of cloud computing, compare their operation,
implementation and performance
2. Applying knowledge of Virtualization, Analyze and compare different types of clouds and cloud
services.
3. Validating the financial and technological implications in selecting cloud computing paradigm for an
organization.
4. Compare operation and economic models of varies trending cloud platforms in IT Industry.
5. To know how to overcome the security challenges and risks involved in the cloud.

UNIT I
Understanding Cloud Computing: Cloud Computing, Introduction to Cloud Computing, Cloud
Architecture and Cloud Services (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) , Cloud models– Public vs Private, Cloud
Technologies for Network-Based System , System Models for Distributed and Cloud Computing , NIST
Cloud Computing Reference Architecture

UNIT II
Virtualization: Basics of Virtualization, Types of Virtualizations, Implementation Levels of Virtualization,
Virtualization Structures, Tools and Mechanisms, Virtualization of CPU, Memory, I/O Devices, Virtual
Clusters and Resource management, Virtualization for Data-centre Automation

UNIT III
Cloud Infrastructure: Architectural Design of Compute and Storage Clouds, Layered Cloud Architecture
Development, Design Challenges, Inter Cloud Resource Management, Resource Provisioning and Platform
Deployment, Global Exchange of Cloud Resources

UNIT IV
Programming Model: Parallel and Distributed Programming Paradigms, Map Reduce, Twister and Iterative
Map Reduce, Hadoop Library from Apache, Mapping Applications, Programming Support, Google App
Engine, Amazon AWS, Cloud Software Environments, Eucalyptus, Working with EC2 API, Open Nebula,
Open Stack, Aneka, CloudSim

UNIT V
Security in the Cloud: Security Overview, Cloud Security Challenges and Risks, Software- as-a Service
Security, Security Governance, Risk Management, Security Monitoring, Security Architecture Design,
Data Security, Application Security, Virtual Machine Security, Identity Management and Access Control,
Autonomic Security

116
Text Books
1. George Reese, “Cloud Application Architectures: Building Applications and Infrastructure in the
Cloud”O'Reilly
2. Kumar Saurabh, “Cloud Computing, insights into New-Era Infrastructure”, Wiley India.
3. RajkumarBuyya, Christian Vecchiola, S.TamaraiSelvi, ‘Mastering Cloud Computing”, TMGH.

Reference Books
1. Kai Hwang, Geoffrey C Fox, Jack G Dongarra, “Distributed and Cloud Computing, From Parallel
Processing to the Internet of Things”, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
2. John W. Rittinghouse and James F.Ransome, “Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and
Security”, CRC Press.
3. Toby Velte, Anthony Velte, Robert Elsenpeter, “Cloud Computing, A Practical Approach”, TMH.
4. Ronald L. Krutz, Russell Dean Vines, “Cloud Security, A comprehensive Guide to Secure Cloud
Computing”, Wiley, India.
5. Nick Antonopoulos, Cloud computing, Springer Publications.

117
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MACHINE LEARNING LAB

Course Code: GR22A3142 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5

III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Describe the knowledge of physical, chemical, and biological parameters of water and their importance.
2. Develop the social responsibility to eradicate water borne diseases.
3. Recognize the methods to control environmental pollution.
4. Express water quality parameters in written reports
5. Generalize the various quality control aspects of industrial effluents by performing the different lab
tests.

TASK 1
Write a python program to import and export data using Panda’s library functions.

TASK 2
Demonstrate various data preprocessing techniques for a given dataset.

TASK 3
Implement dimensionality reduction using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method.

TASK 4
Write a python program to demonstrate various Data Visualization Techniques.

TASK 5
Implement Simple and Multiple Linear Regression models.

TASK 6
Develop Logistic Regression model for a given dataset.

TASK 7
Develop Decision Tree classification model for a given dataset and use it to classify a new sample.

TASK 8
Implement Naïve Bayes Classification in Python for a given dataset.

TASK 9
Build KNN Classification model in python for a given dataset.

TASK 10
Implement Back propagation model in python for a given dataset.

TASK 11
a) Implement Random Forest classification method in python for a given dataset.
b) Implement Boosting ensemble method on a given dataset.

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TASK 12
a) Write a python program to implement K-Means clustering algorithm.
b) Write a python program to implement BIRCH algorithm.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Python Machine Learning by Sebastian Raschka, Oreilly Publishers
2. Machine Learning – Tom M. Mitchell, -MGH
3. Data Mining–Concepts and Techniques -Jiawei Han and Micheline Kamber, MorganKaufmann
4. Introduction to Data Mining - Michael Steinbach, Pang-Ning Tan, and Vipin Kumar (Second Edition).
5. Christopher Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FULL STACK DEVELOPMENT LAB
Course Code:GR22A3128 L/T/P/C: 0/0/3/1.5
III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. To create visually appealing website interfaces and utilize modern design principles.
2. To integrate client-side validation techniques to enhance user input accuracy and improve the overall
user experience.
3. To design and develop backend APIs that are secure, efficient, and scalable to support various frontend
applications.
4. To ensure seamless communication between the client and server, managing data flow and user
interactions effectively.
5. Implement efficient database designs and queries to optimize application performance and ensure data
integrity.

WEEK 1: Write a Program on HTML5 Video and Audio.

WEEK 2: Write a Program on CSS3 Colors, Fonts and Text Align

WEEK 3: Write a Program on Text and Box Shadows.

WEEK 4: Write a Program on Transitions and Animations in CSS.

WEEK 5: Write a Program on Bootstrap templates and Navbar.

WEEK 6: Write a Program on Tabs and Tooltip.

WEEK 7: Write a Program on React JS forms and events.

WEEK 8: Write a Program on Java Script Functions and Events.

WEEK 9: Write a Program on jQuery form events.

WEEK 10: Write a Program on filters using jQuery and AngularJS.

WEEK 11: Write a Program on connecting, inserting, fetching data with MySQL using PHP.

WEEK 12: Write a PHP program to keep track of the number of visitors visiting the web page.

and to display this count of visitors, with proper headings.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Modern Full-Stack Development: Using TypeScript, React, Node.js, Webpack, and Docker 1st ed.
Edition by Frank Zammetti
2. Web Design with HTML, CSS, JavaScript and jQuery Set 1st Edition by Jon Duckett
3. The Full Stack Developer: Your Essential Guide to the Everyday Skills Expected of a Modern Full
Stack Web Developer 1st ed. Edition, Kindle Edition by Chris Northwood

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REFERENCES
1. Quick Start Full Stack Web Development: Build Secure Asynchronous Single-Page Apps with Flask,
React, and PostgreSQL by Erik M. Ferragut (Author)
2. Full Stack Web Development For Beginners: Learn Ecommerce Web Development Using HTML5,
CSS3, Bootstrap, JavaScript, MySQL, and PHP by Riaz Ahmed

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MINI PROJECT WITH SEMINAR
Course Code:GR22A3089 L/T/P/C: 0/0/4/2
III Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
1. Make use of fundamental knowledge and practical knowledge to implement towards industries.
2. Utilizing software and design, analyze the engineering Knowledge in accordance with applicable
standards.
3. Analyze project management skills and scheduling of work in stipulated time.
4. Evaluate and demonstrate the problem finding ability in Engineering Technologies.
5. Develop technical information by means of written and oral reports.

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 IV YEAR
I SEMESTER

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS OF MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Course Code: GR22A3116 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
IV Year I Semester
Course Outcomes:
1. The students understand the significance of Management in their Profession.
2. The various Management Functions like Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading, Motivation and
Control aspects are learnt in this course.
3. The students can explore the Management Practices in their domain area and understand, adopt
motivational theories and leadership styles and apply controlling techniques at right time for better
decision making.
4. The student will be exposed to the basic concepts of entrepreneurship and its development process.
5. The student will be able to evaluate business ideas and attain hands on experience in designing value
proposition and he will acquire the ability of developing a business plan / model.

UNIT I
Introduction to Management: Definition, Nature and Scope, Functions, Managerial Roles, Levels of
Management, Managerial Skills; Evolution of Management Thought- Classical Approach- Scientific and
Administrative Management; The Behavioral approach; The Systems Approach; Contingency Approach.

UNIT II
Planning and Organizing: Planning – Planning Process, Types of Plans, Decision making and Steps in
Decision Making; Principles of Organization: Span of control, organizational Design & Organizational
Structures; Departmentalization, Delegation; Centralization, Decentralization.

UNIT III
Leading, Motivation and Controlling: Leadership, Power and Authority, Leadership Styles; Behavioral
Leadership, Situational Leadership, Leadership Skills. Motivation – Types; Motivational Theories – Needs
Hierarchy Theory, Two Factor Theory, Theory X and Theory Y. - controlling– basic control process–
control techniques.

UNIT IV
Nature of Entrepreneurship: Characteristics and skills of an entrepreneur, Entrepreneur scenario in India
and abroad. Types of entrepreneurs, types of ownership, small business in Indian economy. Risk Reduction
strategies. Strategies for growth. Financial aspects: sources of rising capital, schemes of Department of
Industries (DIC), KVIC, SIDBI, NABARD, NSIC, IFCI and IDBI.

UNIT V
Creating and Starting the venture: Creativity and the business idea (Self-discovery, Opportunity
discovery); Developing the business plan (Business model –Lean canvas by Alexander Osterwalder);
Marketing plan (Customer & Solution- Value proposition, Marketing & Sales); Financial plan (Validation,
money), Human Resource Plan (Team).

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Text Books
1. Management Fundamentals, Robert N Lussier, 5e, Cengage Learning, 2013.
2. Fundamentals of Management, Stephen P. Robbins, Pearson Education, 2009.
3. Principles and Practice of Management, L. M. Prasad, Sultan Chand & Sons, 2012
4. Entrepreneurship- Robert D Hisrich, Michael P Peters, Dean A Shepherd, TMH.2009

Reference Books
1. Essentials of Management, Koontz Kleihrich, Tata Mc – Graw Hill.
2. Management Essentials, Andrew DuBrin, 9e, Cengage Learning, 2012.
3. Entrepreneurship- Rajeev Roy, Oxford, 2011
4. Intellectual Property- Deborah E.Bouchoux,Cengage, 2012

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MIDDLEWARE TECHNOLOGIES

Course Code: GR22A4057 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Choose appropriate client server computing model for given problem.
2. Develop java bean component model with EJB'S.
3. Design distributed applications using Enterprise Java Beans.
4. Develop real time projects by Using CORBA.
5. Implement distributed applications using .Net

UNIT I
CLIENT/SERVER CONCEPTS: Client – Server – File Server, Database server, Group server, Object
server, Web server. Middleware – General Middleware – Service specific middleware. Client/Server
Building blocks-RPC – Messaging – Peer – to – Peer.

UNIT II
EJB ARCHITECTURE: EJB –EJB Architecture – Overview of EJB software architecture – View of EJB
– Conversation – Building and Deploying EJBs – Roles in EJB.

UNIT III
EJB APPLICATIONS: EJB Session Beans – EJB entity beans – EJB clients – EJB Deployment –
Building an application with EJB.

UNIT IV
CORBA: CORBA – Distributed Systems – Purpose – Exploring CORBA alternatives – Architecture
overview – CORBA and networking model – CORBA object model – IDL – ORB – Building an
application with CORBA.

UNIT V
COM: COM – Data types – Interfaces – Proxy and stub – Marshalling – Implementing server/Client –
Interface pointers – Object Creation, Invocation, Destruction – Comparison COM and CORBA –
Introduction to .NET – Overview of .NET architecture–Marshalling – Remoting.

Text Books
1. Robert Orfali, Dan Harkey and Jeri Edwards, “The Essential Client/server Survival Guide”, Galgotia
publications Pvt. Ltd.(UNIT 1)
2. Tom Valesky, “Enterprise Java Beans”, Pearson Education.(UNIT 2 & 3)
3. Jason Pritchard. “COM and CORBA side by side”, Addison Wesley. (UNIT 4 & 5)

Reference Books
1. Mowbray, “Inside CORBA”, Pearson Education.
2. Visual Studio .NET Walkthroughs – Microsoft Manual.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE -III)

Course Code:GR22A3125 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to
1. Design simple GUI applications.
2. Apply key technological principles and methods for delivering and maintaining mobile
Applications on Android devices.
3. Make use of built-in widgets and components.
4. Design apps which uses the database to store data locally.
5. Develop the apps that make use of interfaces with built-in views.

UNIT I
Java Concepts: OOPs Concepts, Inheritance in detail, Exception handling, Packages & interfaces, Multi-
threading, JVM & .jar file extension, SQL-DML and DDL Queries.

UNIT II
Introduction to Android: What is Android? Setting up development environment, Dalvik Virtual
Machine & .apk file extension, Fundamentals: Basic Building blocks - Activities, Services, and Broadcast
Receivers & Content providers. UI Components - Views & notifications. Components for communication
-Intents & Intent Filters, Android API levels (versions & version names).

UNIT III
Application Structure (in detail): Android Manifest.xml, uses-permission & uses-sdk, Resources &
R.java, Assets, Layouts & Drawable Resources, Activities and Activity lifecycle, first sample Application.
Emulator-Android Virtual Device: Launching emulator, editing emulator settings, Introduction to
DDMS, Basic UI design, Preferences, Menu, Intents- Implicit Intents, Explicit Intents.

UNIT IV
Content Providers: SQLite Programming, SQLite OpenHelper, SQLite Database, Cursor, Reading and
updating Contacts, Reading bookmarks, Examples.

UNIT V
Threads: Threads running on UI thread (runOnUiThread), Worker thread, Handlers & Runnable,
AsynTask, and Examples.
UI design, Tabs and Tab Activity, Styles & Themes, Examples.

Text Books
1. Android Programming for Beginners - Second Edition: Build in-depth, full-featured Android 9 Pie apps
starting from zero programming experience, 2nd Edition by John Horton.
2. Head First Android Development: A Brain-Friendly Guide by Dawn Griffiths.

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3. Android Cookbook: Problems and Solutions for Android Developers, Second Edition (Grayscale
Indian Edition) by Ian Darwin.

Reference Books
1. Reto Meier, “Professional Android 2 Application Development”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd.
2. Mark L Murphy, “Beginning Android”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd.
3. Android Application Development All in one for Dummies by Barry Burd, Edition.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DEVOPS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE -III)
Course Code:GR22A4061 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Increase speed of development and release processes
2. Make builds more reliable and Shorter turnaround for new features and bug fixes
3. Greater Scalability of applications and infrastructure
4. Increased security by automating compliance practices
5. Improved collaboration throughout the development lifecycle

UNIT I
DevOps and Infrastructure as Code
DevOps Culture and Practices: Getting started with DevOps, Implementing CI/CD, and continuous
deployment, Understanding IaC.

UNIT II
Ansible
Using Ansible for Configuring, IaaS Infrastructure: Installing Ansible, Creating an Ansible inventory,
Executing the first playbook, protecting data with Ansible Vault, Using a dynamic inventory for an Azure
infrastructure.

UNIT III
DevOps CI/CD Pipeline
Managing Your Source Code with Git: A Git overview and principal Git command lines The Git process
and GitFlow pattern.
Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment: The CI/CD principles, using a package manager
in the CI/CD process, Jenkins CI/CD implementation, Azure Pipelines for CI/CD, Using GitLab CI.

UNIT IV
Docker
Containerizing Your Application with Docker: Installing Docker, creating a Docker file, Building, and
running a container on a local machine, Pushing an image to Docker Hub,
Deploying a container in ACI with a CI/CD pipeline.

UNIT V
kubernets
Managing Containers Effectively with Kubernetes: Installing Kubernetes, First example of Kubernetes
application deployment, Using HELM as a package manager, Using AKS,Creating a CI/CD pipeline for
Kubernetes with Azure Pipelines.
Text Books
1. Mikael Krief “Learning DevOps” Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place,35 Livery Street
Birmingham,B3 2PB, UK.,ISBN 978-1-83864-273-0., published: October 2019
2. Scott chacon and Ben Straup,”ProGit”,second edition, published by Apress,2014
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Reference Books
1. Effective DevOps with AWS: Implement continuous delivery and integration in the AWS environment,
2nd Edition Paperback – Import, 28 September 2018,by Yogesh Raheja (Author), Giuseppe Borgese
(Author), Nathaniel Felsen (Author).
2. The DevOps Handbook: How to Create World-Class Agility, Reliability, & Security in Technology
Organizations Paperback – 30 November 2021, by Gene Kim (Author), Jez Humble (Author), Patrick
Debois (Author), John Willis (Author), Nicole Forsgren (Author)
3. https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-About-Version-Control

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIG DATA ANALYTICS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III)

Course Code: GR22A4156 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course outcomes:
The students will be able to:
1.Distinguishes applications and Analytic Challenges between Traditional and Big Data.
2.Manage Large Data Storage requirement on Hadoop Distributed File System.
3.Develop Map Reduce Jobs for Large data Processing in Hadoop Environment
4.Analyze Big Data Solutions using Hadoop Eco System
5.Classifies and applies different tools to process Big Data.

UNIT I
INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA AND HADOOP
Types of Digital Data : Structured, Semi-Structured and Unstructured data. Characteristics of Data, Data
Analysis, Data Analytics, Types of Analytics, Evolution of Big Data, Big Data definition, Big Data
Characteristics, Big Data Analytics, Big Data Challenges. Hadoop Features, Hadoop Eco-System
overview, Hadoop Distributions.

UNIT II
Big Data Storage and Data Ingestion
File Systems and Distributed Systems storage and computing. Need for HDFS, Design of HDFS, HDFS
Concepts, Line Interface, Data flow.
Data Ingestion : Data Ingest with Sqoop and Flume. Benefits of Apache Sqoop, Importing and Exporting
to and from Hadoop using Sqoop, Limitations of Sqoop, Apache Flume Model, Data Sources for FLUME,
Components of FLUME Architecture

UNIT III
Map Reduce and Pig
Hadoop Map Reduce Programming Model : Map, Reduce, Combine, Sort and Shuffle. Anatomy of Map
Reduce Job Run, Failures handling in Map Reduce.
Pig : Introduction to PIG, Execution Modes of Pig, Comparison of Pig with Databases, Pig Latin, Data
Processing operators.

UNIT IV
Hive and NoSQL
Structured Data Queries with Hive : What is Hive?, Hive Data Types, Hive Command Line
Interface(CLI), Hive Query Language(HQL), Data Analysis with Hive.
NoSQL Database : Introduction, Features, NoSQL Database types, Sharding, CAP theorem. MongoDB:
Why Mongo DB, and Mongo DB - Data Types - MongoDB Query Language.

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UNIT V
Spark
Functional Programming, Components of Apache Spark, Applications of in - memory processing, Hadoop
Ecosystem Vs. Spark, Spark Architecture, RDDs in Spark.
Scalable Machine Learning with Spark : Classification, Clustering.

Text Books
1. Tom White “ Hadoop: The Definitive Guide” Third Editon, O’reilly Media, 2012.
2. Seema Acharya, SubhasiniChellappan, "Big Data Analytics" Wiley 2015.
3. Benjamin Bengfort & Jenny Kim, “Data Analytics with Hadoop” FirstEditon, O’reilly Media, 2016.

Reference Books
1. Michael Berthold, David J. Hand, "Intelligent Data Analysis”, Springer, 2007.
2. Jay Liebowitz, “Big Data and Business Analytics” Auerbach Publications, CRC press (2013)

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SERVER SIDE SCRIPTING LANGUAGES
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - III)

Course Code: GR22A4155 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course outcomes:
1. Analyze a problem, identify and define the computing requirements appropriate to its solution.
2. Understand and apply advanced Ruby programming concepts.
3. Comprehend the differences between typical scripting languages and typical system and application
programming languages.
4. Develop and secure internet applications using PERL.
5. Design event-driven and internet-aware applications using TCL.

UNIT I
Introduction: Ruby, Rails, The structure and Execution of Ruby Programs, Package Management with
RUBYGEMS, Ruby and web: Writing CGI scripts, cookies, Choice of Webservers, SOAP and web
services
RubyTk – Simple Tk Application, widgets, Binding events, Canvas, scrolling

UNIT II
Extending Ruby: Ruby Objects in C, the Jukebox extension, Memory allocation, Ruby Type System,
Embedding Ruby to Other Languages, Embedding a Ruby Interpreter

UNIT III
Introduction to PERL and Scripting: Scripts and Programs, Origin of Scripting, Scripting Today,
Characteristics of Scripting Languages, Uses for Scripting Languages, Web Scripting, and the universe of
Scripting Languages. PERL- Names and Values, Variables, Scalar Expressions, Control Structures, arrays,
list, hashes, strings, pattern and regular expressions, subroutines.

UNIT IV
Advanced Perl :Finer points of looping, pack and unpack, filesystem, eval, data structures, packages,
modules, objects, interfacing to the operating system, Creating Internet ware applications, Dirty Hands
Internet Programming, security Issues.

UNIT V
TCL: TCL Structure, syntax, Variables and Data in TCL, Control Flow, Data Structures, input/output,
procedures, strings, patterns, files, Advance TCL- eval, source, exec and uplevel commands, Name spaces,
trapping errors, event driven programs, making applications internet aware, Nuts and Bolts Internet
Programming, Security Issues, C-Interface.
Tk:Tk-Visual Tool Kits, Fundamental Concepts of Tk, Tk by example, Events and Binding, Perl-Tk.

Text Books
1. The World of Scripting Languages, David Barron, Wiley Publications.
2. Ruby Programming language by David Flanagan and Yukihiro Matsumoto O’Reilly
3. “Programming Ruby” The Pramatic Progammers guide by Dabve Thomas Second edition

Reference Books
1. Open Source Web Development with LAMP using Linux Apache, MySQL, Perl and PHP, J.Lee and B.
Ware (Addison Wesley) Pearson Education.
2. Perl by Example, E. Quigley, Pearson Education.
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3. Programming Perl, Larry Wall, T. Christiansen and J. Orwant, O’Reilly, SPD.
4. Tcl and the Tk Tool kit, Ousterhout, Pearson Education.
5. Perl Power, J. P. Flynt, Cengage Learning.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - IV)

Course Code:GR22A4060 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify various I/O devices and their communication.
2. Define the unique design problems and challenges of real-time systems Program an embedded system
3. Recognize unique characteristics of real-time operating systems and evaluate the need for real-time
operating system
4. Relate structure of real-time systems to build an embedded real-time system.
5. Develop embedded systems based on different applications and real-time operating systems.

UNIT I
Introduction to Embedded Systems: Embedded Systems, Processor Embedded to a system, Embedded
hardware units and devices in a system, Embedded software in a system, Examples of Embedded systems,
Soc(System on chip) and use of VLSI circuit design technology, complex system design and processors,
Design process in Embedded system, formalization of system design, design process and design examples,
classification of embedded systems, skills required for embed system design.

UNIT II
Devices and Buses for Devices Network: I/O Devices:-Types and Examples of I/O devices, Synchronous,
Iso-synchronous and Asynchronous Communications from Serial Devices - Examples of Internal Serial-
Communication Devices:- SPI, UART, Parallel Port Devices - Timer and Counting Devices – Serial
Communication using: ‘I2C’, ‘USB’, ‘CAN’- Advanced I/O Serial high speed buses: ISA, PCI, PCI- X,
cPCIand advanced buses.

UNIT III
Real Time Operating Systems: Definitions of process, tasks and threads–Inter Process Communication,
Shared data problem, Use of Semaphore(s), Priority Inversion Problem and Deadlock Situations, Message
Queues, Mail boxes, Pipes, Virtual (Logical) Sockets, Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs).

UNIT IV
Operating System Services: Goals, Structures, Kernel, Process Management, Memory Management,
Device Management- Real Time Operating System-RTOS Task scheduling models- Co-operative Round
Robin Scheduling, Cyclic Scheduling with Time Slicing.

UNIT V
System Design Techniques: Design Methodologies, Requirement Analysis, Specification, System
Analysis and Architecture Design. Design Examples: Telephone PBX-System Architecture, Inkjet
printer-Hardware Design and Software Design, Personal Digital Assistants, Set-top Boxes.

Text Books
1. Rajkamal, Embedded Systems Architecture, Programming and Design, TATA McGraw-Hill.

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Reference Books
1. Steve Heath, Embedded Systems Design.
2. David E. Simon, An Embedded Software Primer, Pearson Education Asia.Frank Vahid and Tony
Givargis, Embedded Systems Design–Aunified Hardware/Software Introduction, JohnWiley.
3. Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System Design –
Harcourt India, Morgan Kaufman Publishers.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SOFT COMPUTING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - IV)

Course Code: GR22A3037 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcome:
1. Distinguish various soft computing techniques to solve real world problems.
2. Differentiate between Fuzzy Model with respect to Probabilistic Model.
3. Apply fuzzy inference techniques to solve problems in different domain.
4. Identify the problems, where Supervised and (Neural Networks) Unsupervised Learning
Techniques can be applied.
5. Evaluate the fitness function in Genetic Algorithm.

UNIT I
Introduction to Soft Computing: Computing System, “Soft” Computing Versus “Hard” Computing, Soft
Computing Methods, Recent trends in Soft Computing, Characteristics of Soft Computing, Applications of
Soft Computing Techniques.

UNIT II
Fuzzy Logic: I(Introduction): Fuzzy Logic Basic Concepts, Fuzzy Sets and Crisp Sets, Fuzzy Set Theory
and Operations, Properties of Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy and Crisp Relations, Fuzzy to Crisp Conversation.

UNIT III
Fuzzy Logic: II (Fuzzy Membership, Rules): Membership Functions, Interference in Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy
if then else Rules, Fuzzy Implications and Fuzzy Algorithms, Fuzzifications and Defuzzification’s, Fuzzy
Controller, Industrial Applications.

UNIT IV
Neural Network: Structure and Function of a single neuron: Biological Neuron, Artificial Neuron,
Definition of ANN, Taxonomy of Neural Network, Difference between ANN and human brain,
Characteristics and Applications of ANN, Single Layer Network.

UNIT V
Genetic Algorithms: Basic Operators and Terminology, Traditional Algorithms Versus Genetic
Algorithm, Simple Genetic Algorithm, General Genetic Algorithm, Classification of genetic Algorithm,
Genetic Programming, Applications of Genetic Algorithm. Applications of Soft Computing: Internet
Search Techniques, Hybrid Fuzzy Controllers.

Text Books
1. B.K. Tripathy, J. Anuradha,” Soft Computing Advances and Applications”, Cengage Learning.
2. S.Rajsekaran and G.A. VijaylakshmiPai , “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm:
Synthesis and Applications” Prentice Hall of India.
3. Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems- Jacek M. Zurada, Web Publishing Company.

137
Reference Books
1. Mitchell Melanie, “An Introduction to Genetic Algorithm”, Prentice Hall.
2. David E. Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning”, Addison
Wesley.
3. Timothy J. Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications” Wiley India
4. S. N. Sivanandam , S. Sumathi and S. N. Deepa, “Introduction to Fuzzy Logic using MATLAB”,
Springer.
5. N. P. Padhy, “Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems” Oxford University Press.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO ROBOTICS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - IV)

Course Code:GR22A4143 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course the student will be able to:
1. List and explain the basic elements of industrial robots
2. Analyse robot kinematics and its control methods.
3. Classify the various sensors used in robots for better performance.
4. Summarize various industrial and non-industrial applications of robots.
5. Design a Robot using advanced machine learning algorithm

UNIT I
Robot Basics Robot-Basic Concepts, Need, Law, History, Anatomy, Specifications. Robot Configurations-
Cartesian, Cylinder, Polar And Articulate. Robot Wrist Mechanism, Precision And Accuracy Of Robot.
Robot Elements End Effectors-Classification, Types Of Mechanical Actuation, Gripper Design, Robot Drive System
Types, Position And Velocity Feedback Devices-Robot Joints And Links-Types, Motion Interpolation.

UNIT II
Robot Kinematics And Control Robot Kinematics – Basics Of Direct And Inverse Kinematics, Robot
Trajectories, 2D And 3D Transformation-Scaling, Rotation, Translation Homogeneous Transformation.
Control Of Robot Manipulators – Point To Point, Continuous Path Control, Robot Programming, Control – Pwm,
Joint Motion Control, Feedback Control, Computed Torque Control

UNIT III
Robot Sensors Sensors In Robot – Touch Sensors-Tactile Sensor – Proximity And Range Sensors. Force Sensor-
Light Sensors, Pressure Sensors, Introduction To Machine Vision And Artificial Intelligence. Actuators (Electrical)-
Dc Motors, Bldc Servo Motors, Sensors , Sensor Integration

UNIT IV
Robot Applications - Industrial Applications of Robots, Medical, Household, Entertainment, Space, Underwater,
Defense, Disaster Management. Applications, Micro And Nanorobots, Future Applications.

UNIT V
Probabilistic Robotics, Path Planning, Bfs; Dfs; Dijkstra; A-Star; D-Star; Voronoi; Potential Field; Hybrid
Approaches Simultaneous Localization And Mapping, Introduction To Reinforcement Learning

Text Books
1. Robert J Schilling, Fundamentals of Robotics, Prentice Hall India, 2000
2. John J Craig, Introduction to Robotics, Prentice Hall International, 2005

Reference Books
1. Groover, Mitchell Weiss, Roger N Nagel,Industrial Robotics Technology, Programming and
Applications, Tata –McGraw Hill Pub, 2008.
2. Deb.S.R and Sankha Deb,Robotics Technology and Flexible Automation, Tata McGraw Hill Pub, 2010.
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3. Klafter.R.D, Chmielewski.T.A, and Noggin’s, Robot Engineering: An Integrated Approach, Prentice
Hall, 1994.
4. Fu.K.S, Gonzalez, Robotics control, sensing, vision and intelligence, Tata- McGraw Hill Pub, 2008.
5. Yu. Industrial Robotics, MIR Publishers Moscow, 1985.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - IV)

Course Code:GR22A4150 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
After completing the course, students will be familiar with
1. Analyzing several security threats and the significance of security needs.
2. Fundamental concepts of Network Protocol Analysis and demonstrate the skill to capture and
analyze network packets
3. Detect, identify, resolve and document network intrusions.
4. Several types of IDS and IPS, their use and implementation, and also how to evaluate t heir
performance.
5. Various protocol analyzers and Network Intrusion Detection Systems as security tools to detect
network attacks and troubleshoot network problems.
Unit I
History of Intrusion detection, Audit, Concept and definition, Internal and external threats to data, attacks,
Need and types of IDS, Information sources Host based information sources, Network based information
sources.

UNIT II
Intrusion Prevention Systems, Network IDs protocol-based IDs, Hybrid IDs, Analysis schemes, thinking
about intrusion. A model for intrusion analysis, techniques Responses requirement of responses, types of
responses mapping responses to policy Vulnerability analysis, Credential analysis non credential analysis.

UNIT III
Introduction to Snort, Snort Installation Scenarios, Installing Snort, Running Snort on Multiple Network
Interfaces, Snort Command Line Options. Step-By-Step Procedure to Compile and Install Snort Location
of Snort Files, Snort Modes Snort Alert Modes.

UNIT IV
Working with Snort Rules, Rule Headers, Rule Options, The Snort Configuration File etc. Plugins,
Preprocessors and Output Modules, Using Snort with MySQL

UNIT V
Using ACID and Snort Snarf with Snort, Agent development for intrusion detection, Architecture models
of IDs and Ips.

Text Books
1.Rafeeq Rehman: “Intrusion Detection with SNORT, Apache, MySQL, PHP and ACID,” 1st Edition,
Prentice Hall , 2003.
2. Christopher Kruegel,Fredrik Valeur, Giovanni Vigna: “Intrusion Detection and Correlation Challenges
and Solutions”, 1st Edition, Springer, 2005

141
Reference Books
1. Carl Endorf, Eugene Schultz and Jim Mellander “Intrusion Detection & Prevention”, 1st Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 2004.
2. Stephen Northcutt, Judy Novak: “Network Intrusion Detection”, 3rd Edition, New Riders Publishing,
2002.
3. T. Fahringer, R. Prodan, “A Text book on Grid Application Development and Computing
Environment”. 6th Edition, Khanna Publishers, 2012.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT LAB
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III LAB)

Course Code: GR22A4148 L/T/P/C: 0/1/3/2

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Design simple GUI applications.
2. Apply key technological principles and methods for delivering and maintaining mobile applications
on Android devices.
3. Make use of built-in widgets and components.
4. Design apps which uses user interfaces with built-in views and layouts.
5. Develop the apps that make use of Android Debug Bridge tool.

Task 1: Installation of Android SDK.

1. Installing jdk1.6 above version.

2. Installing the Android Studio IDE.
3. Installing Android SDK.
4. Installing Android Development Tools
5. Choosing which Android version to use
6. Creating and starting an android emulator.

Task 2: Create anAndroid app to demonstrate the application Lifecycle.

Task 3: Create an Android application to create a simple Registration form using the following UI
elements.
1. TextView
2. EditText
3. Radio Button
4. CheckBoxes
5. Button

Task 4: Create an Android application which implements different Layouts and widget controls such as
Text controls, Button controls , Toggle buttons, and to display Images.

Task 5: Create an Android application to display a slideshow of images which scroll automatically after a
certain period of time.

Task 6: Create an Android application using Intents for the Registration form in Task -3. The application
must send form data from first activity to another and display the details in the second activity.

143
Task 7: Create an Android application to implement a custom ListView which displays a list of students
names along with their roll number and picture.

Task 8: Create an Android application to implement custom GridView which displays all the B.Tech
branch logos along with their branch name.

Task 9: Create an Android application for working with Dialogs and Toast messages.

Task 10: Create an Android application for working with Tabs and Fragments.

Task 11: Create an Android application for displaying and controlling music playback.

Task 12: Create an Android application for implementing a basic Android Service Class and its lifecycle.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Android How to Program with an Introduction to Java, Deitel, Deitel and Deitel, Prentice Hall, ISBN
978-0-13-299054-7.
2. Android for Programmers: An App-Driven Approach, Deitel, Deitel, Deitel, and Morgano, Prentice
Hall, ISBN 978-0-13-2121361.

REFERENCES
1. Reto Meier, “Professional Android 2 Application Development”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd
2. Mark L Murphy, “Beginning Android”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd
3. Android Application Development All in one for Dummies by Barry Burd.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DEVOPS LAB
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III LAB)

Course Code: GR22A4149 L/T/P/C: 0/1/3/2

IV Year I Semester
Course Outcomes
1. Enhance the efficiency of development and release cycles.
2. Enhance build reliability and expedite the introduction of new features and bug fixes.
3. Enhance the scalability of both applications and infrastructure.
4. Boost security through automated compliance procedures.
5. Foster better collaboration across the entire development lifecycle.

Task 1: Simple flask application, which will return “Hello, World”

Task 2: Write code for a simple user registration form for an event using Flask and Docker in DevOps.
Task 3: Install and set up Jenkins, and explore the environment.
Task 4: Demonstrate continuous integration and development using Jenkins
Task 5: Explore Docker commands for content management.
Task 6: Create a Docker Application to display Hello World!
Task 7: Create a Docker Application to display Student Details.
Task 8: Develop a simple containerized application using Docker.
Task 9: Demonstrate Kubernetes application deployment.
Task 10: Demonstrate the integration of Kubernetes with Docker.
Task 11: Automate the process of running containerized application developed in exercise 10 using
Kubernetes.
Task 12: Build CI/CD Pipeline For Azure Kubernetes.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Mikael Krief “Learning DevOps” Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place,35 Livery Street
Birmingham,B3 2PB, UK.,ISBN 978-1-83864-273-0.
2. Scott chacon and Ben Straup,”ProGit”.

REFERENCES
1. Effective DevOps with AWS: Implement continuous delivery and integration in the AWS environment,
2nd Edition Paperback – Import, 28 September 2018,by Yogesh Raheja (Author), Giuseppe Borgese
(Author), Nathaniel Felsen (Author).
2. The DevOps Handbook: How to Create World-Class Agility, Reliability, & Security in Technology
Organizations Paperback – 30 November 2021, by Gene Kim (Author), Jez Humble (Author), Patrick
Debois (Author), John Willis (Author), Nicole Forsgren (Author)
3. https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-About-Version-ControlTop of Form

145
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIG DATA ANALYTICS LAB
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III LAB)
Course Code: GR22A4157 L/T/P/C: 0/1/3/2
IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Demonstrates ability of working with Hadoop framework.
2. Articulates the Data Ingestions using Sqoop and Flume tools
3. Apply Map Reduce concepts for big data processing on real world problems.
4. Develop queries to analyze SQL, NoSQL datasets.
5. Understand spark working environment and integration with pyspark.

TASK 1
Practice basic HDFS commands in Hadoop environment.

TASK 2
Ingest structured data using Apache Sqoop.

TASK 3
Ingest structured and unstructured data using Flume.

TASK 4
Write a Map Reduce Program to process Text files. Count number of occurrences of each word in a
directory of documents provided as text files.

TASK 4
Analyze the highest recorded global temperature for each year using NCDC Weather dataset. Implement a Map
Reduce program to mine weather data.

TASK 5
Write a Map Reduce Program to Find Designation wise Average Salary of Employees in an organization.

TASK 6
Run Pig, use Pig to perform sort, group, join, project, and filter data.

TASK 7
Develop a pig Latin script to count the number of words in a text file.

TASK 8
Run Hive, use Hive to create, alter, and drop databases, tables, views, functions, and indexes.

TASK 9
Use Hive to create, alter, and drop databases, tables and views.

TASK 10
Develop MongoDB CRUD Operations.
146
TASK 11
Develop a program in Spark framework for processing of large datasets.

TASK 12
Develop a Spark program for Classification

TEXT BOOKS
1. Tom White, “Hadoop: The Definitive Guide”, 4th Edition, O’Reilly Inc,2015.
2. Tanmay Deshpande, “Hadoop Real-World Solutions Cookbook”, 2ndEdition, Packt
Publishing, 2016.

REFERENCES
1. Edward Capriolo, Dean Wampler, and Jason Rutherglen, “Programming Hive”, O’Reilly
Inc, 2012.
2. Vignesh Prajapati, “Big data Analytics with R and Hadoop”, Packt Publishing, 2013.

147
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SERVER SIDE SCRIPTING LANGUAGES LAB
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-III LAB)
Course Code: GR22A4158 L/T/P/C: 0/1/3/2
IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Ability to understand the differences between Scripting languages and programming languages
2. Build desktop applications and static websites using Ruby
3. Interpret the data processing services and even automation tools in Ruby
4. Develop proficiency in regular expressions for pattern matching, substitutions, and text processing
with Perl's powerful built-in functions.
5. Design application using TCL/TK scripts

Task 1: Write a Ruby script to create a new string which is n copies of a given string where n is a non-
negative integer
Task 2: Write a Ruby script which accept the radius of a circle from the user and compute the parameter
and area.
Task 3: Write a Ruby script which accept the users first and last name and print them in reverse order with
a space between them
Task 4: Write a Ruby script to accept a filename from the user print the extension of that
Task 5: a) Write a Perl script to find the largest number among three numbers.
b) Write a Perl script to print the multiplication tables from 1-10 using subroutines.
Task 6: Write a Perl program to implement the following list of manipulating functions
a) Shift
b) Unshift
c) Push
Task 7: a) Write a Perl script to substitute a word, with another word in a string.
b) Write a Perl script to validate IP address and email address.
Task 8: Write a Perl script to print the file in reverse order using command line arguments
Task 9: Write a TCL script to find the factorial of a number
Task10: Write a TCL script that multiplies the numbers from 1 to 10
Task 11: Write a TCL script for sorting a list using a comparison function
Task 12: Write a TCL script to (i) create a list (ii) append elements to the list (iii) Traverse the list (iv)
Concatenate the list
TEXT BOOKS
1. The World of Scripting Languages, David Barron,Wiley Publications.
2. Ruby Programming language by David Flanagan and Yukihiro Matsumoto O’Reilly
3. “Programming Ruby” The Pramatic Progammers guide by Dabve Thomas Second edition

148
REFERENCES
1. Open Source Web Development with LAMP using Linux Apache, MySQL, Perl and PHP, J.Lee
and B. Ware (Addison Wesley) Pearson Education.
2. Perl by Example, E. Quigley, Pearson Education.
3. Programming Perl, Larry Wall, T. Christiansen and J. Orwant, O’Reilly, SPD.
4. Tcl and the Tk Tool kit, Ousterhout, Pearson Education.
5. Perl Power, J. P. Flynt, Cengage Learning.

149
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MIDDLEWARE TECHNOLOGIES LAB

Course code: GR22A4065 L/T/P/C: 0/1/3/2

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. To demonstrate middleware basics through the RMI.
2. To demonstrate their ability to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios in the design and
implementation of enterprise-level Java applications.
3. To design and construct reusable components or applications by effectively employing JavaBean
technology
4. To learn the object-oriented middleware basics through the example of the CORBA objects.
5. To develop applications utilizing .NET technology.

TASKS
1. Create a distributed application to download various files from various servers using RMI.
2. Create a Java Bean to draw various graphical shapes and display it using or without using BDK.
3. Develop an Enterprise Java Bean for student Information System.
4. Develop an Enterprise Java Bean for Library operations.
5. Create an Active-X control for Timetable.
6. Develop a component for converting the currency values using COM/.NET.
7. Develop a component for encryption and decryption using COM/. NET.
8. Develop a component for retrieving information from message box using DCOM/ .NET
9. Develop a middleware component for retrieving Stock Market Exchange information Using CORBA.
10. Develop a middleware component for retrieving Bank Balance using CORBA.
11. Develop a middleware component for retrieving Weather Forecast information using CORBA.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Tom Valesky, “Enterprise Java Beans”, Pearson Education.
2. Jason Pritchard. “COM and CORBA side by side”, Addison Wesley.
3. Visual Studio .NET Walkthroughs – Microsoft Manual.

150
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT WORK – PHASE I

Course Code:GR22A4082 L/T/P/C: 0/0/12/6

IV Year I Semester

Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will be able to:

1. Practice and acquire the knowledge within the chosen area of technology for Project Development.
2. Identify, discuss, and justify the technical aspects of the chosen project with a comprehensive and
systematic approach.
3. Design and develop Engineering Projects by implementing technical aspects.
4. Work as an individual or in a team in development of Technical Projects.
5. Compile and report effectively the project related activities and findings.

151
 IV YEAR
II SEMESTER

152
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Course Code:GR22A4126 L/T/P/C: 2/1/0/3

IV Year II Semester

Course Outcomes: After going through this course, the student will be able to
1.Develop the model from the conventional software product to the modern
2.Analyze and design the software architecture.
3.Design various estimation levels of cost and effort
4.Acquire the knowledge of managing, economics for conventional, modern and future software
projects
5.Sketch various artifacts sets for better understanding of software development

UNIT I
Conventional Software Management: The waterfall model, conventional software Management
performance.
Evolution of Software Economics: Software Economics, pragmatic software cost estimation.
Improving Software Economics: Reducing Software product size, improving software processes,
improving team effectiveness, improving automation, Achieving required quality, peer inspections.

UNIT II
Life cycle phases: Engineering and production stages, inception, Elaboration, Construction, tra n si ti o n
phases.
Artifacts of the process: The artifact sets, Management artifacts, Engineering artifacts, programmatic
artifacts.
Model based software architectures: A Management perspective and technical perspective.
Work Flows of the process: Software process workflows, Iteration workflows.

UNIT III
Checkpoints of the process: Major mile stones, Minor Milestones, Periodic status assessments.
Iterative Process Planning: Work breakdown structures, planning guidelines, cost and schedule
estimating, Iteration planning process, Pragmatic planning.

UNIT IV
Project Organizations and Responsibilities: Line-of-Business Organizations, Project Organizations,
evolution of Organizations.
Process Automation: Automation Building blocks, The Project Environment.

UNIT V
Project Control and Process instrumentation: The seven core Metrics, Management indicators,
quality indicators, life cycle expectations, pragmatic Software Metrics, Metrics automation.

Text Books
1. Software Project Management, Walker Royce: Pearson Education.

153
Reference Books
1. Software Project Management, Bob Hughes and Mike Cotterell: Tata McGraw- Hill Edition.
2. Software Project Management, Joel Henry, Pearson Education.
3. Software Project Management in practice, Pankaj Jalote, Pearson Education.

154
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AGILE METHODOLOGIES
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE -V)

Course Code: GR22A4127 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year II Semester

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to
1. explain fundamentals of Agile methodology.
2. Perform iterative software development processes: how to plan them, how to execute them.
3. Develop techniques and tools for improving team collaboration and software quality.
4. Perform Software process improvement as an ongoing task for development teams.
5. Show how agile approaches can be scaled up to the enterprise level.

UNIT I
Introduction: Agile Definition, Why Agile, how to be Agile, Theories for Agile Management – Agile
Software Development – Traditional Model vs. Agile Model – Classification of Agile Methods,
Understanding XP, Values and Principles, Improve the Process, Eliminate Waste, Deliver Value.
Scrum and Self-Organizing Teams: Scrum, Scrum process flow, Scrum Roles, The Rules of Scrum,
everyone on a Scrum Team Owns the Project.

UNIT II
Practicing XP: Thinking, Pair Programming, Energized Work, Informative Workspace, Root-Cause
Analysis, Retrospectives, Collaborating, Sit Together, Real Customer Involvement, Ubiquitous Language,
Stand-Up Meetings, Coding Standards, Iteration Demo, Reporting.

UNIT III
Releasing: Done, Production-Ready Software, No Bugs, Version Control, Concurrent Editing, Ten-Minute
Build, Continuous Integration, Collective Code Ownership, Documentation.

UNIT IV
Planning: Vision, Release Planning, Risk Management, Iteration Planning, Slack, Reducing the need for
slack, Stories, Estimating, Velocity and the Iteration Timebox.

UNIT V
Developing: Incremental Requirements, Customer Tests, Test- Driven Development, How to use TDD,
Refactoring, Simple Design, Incremental Design and Architecture, Spike Solutions, Performance
Optimization.

Text Books
1. James Shore and Shane Warden, “The Art of Agile Development”, O’REILLY, 2007.
2. Robert C. Martin, “Agile Software Development, Principles, Patterns, and Practices”, PHI, 2002
Reference Books
1. Craig Larman, ―Agile and Iterative Development: A Managers Guide, Addison-Wesley, 2004.
2. Kevin C. Desouza, ―Agile Information Systems: Conceptualization, Construction, and Management,
Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007.
3. Andrew Stellman and Jennifer Greene -Learning Agile, Revision History for the First Edition,2013,
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc.
155
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DISTRIBUTED DATABASES AND SYSTEM
(PROFESSIONAL ELECIVE - V)

Course Code:GR22A4131 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year II Semester
Course Outcomes:
1. Demonstrate system architecture based on distributed databases.
2. Illustrate the introductory distributed system concepts and its structures.
3. Develop the query processing techniques in DDBMS.
4. Understand transaction management and concurrency control of distributed systems
5. Discover the parallel database systems and its architecture.

UNIT I
Introduction: Distributed data processing, what is a Distributed Database System, Advantages and
Disadvantages of DDBS, Design Issues, Overview of Database and Computer Network Concepts.
Distributed DBMS Architecture: Transparencies in a distributed DBMS, Distributed DBMS architecture.

UNIT II
Distributed Database Design: Alternative design strategies, Distributed design issues, Fragmentation,
Allocation.
Semantic Data Control: View management, Data security, Semantic Integrity Control.

UNIT III
Overview of Query Processing: Query processing problem, Objectives of Query Processing, Complexity
of Relational Algebra operations, characterization of Query processors, Layers of Query Processing, Query
decomposition, Localization of distributed data.
Optimization of Distributed Queries: Factors governing query optimization; Centralized query
optimization; Ordering of fragment queries; Distributed query optimization algorithms.

UNIT IV
Introduction to Transaction Management: Definition of Transaction, Properties of transaction, Types of
transaction.
Distributed Concurrency Control: Serializability theory, Taxonomy of concurrency control mechanisms,
locking-based concurrency control algorithms, Timestamp-based concurrency control algorithms,
Optimistic Concurrency Control Algorithms, Deadlock Management.

UNIT V
Reliability: Reliability concepts and measures, Failures in Distributed DBMS, Local Reliability protocols,
Distributed Reliability protocols, dealing with site failures, Network Partitioning, Parallel Database
Systems, Database Servers, Parallel Architectures.

Text Books
1. Principles of Distributed Database Systems, Second Edition, M. Tamer Ozsu Patrick Valduriez.
2. Distributed Databases principles and systems, Stefano Ceri, Giuseppe Pelagatti, TataMcGrawHill.

156
Reference Books
1. Fundamental of Database Systems, Elmasri&Navathe, Pearson Education, Asia.
2. Database System Concepts, Korth&Sudarshan, TMH

157
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - V)

Course Code: GR22A4129 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

IV Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. To understand the different models of information storage and retrieval
2. Possess the ability to use the various retrieval utilities for improving search
3. Possess an understanding of indexing and compressing documents to improve space and time efficiency
4. Possess the skill to formulate parallel and distributed text search algorithms
5. Understand issues in webs search.

UNIT I
Introduction, Retrieval Strategies: Vector space model, Probabilistic retrieval strategies: Simple term
weights, Non binary independence model, Language Models.

UNIT II
Retrieval Utilities: Relevance feedback, Clustering, N-grams, PAT data structure, Regression analysis,
Thesauri.

UNIT III
Retrieval Utilities: Semantic networks, Parsing Cross-Language Information Retrieval: Introduction,
Crossing the language barrier.

UNIT IV
Efficiency: Inverted index, Query processing, Signature files, Duplicate document detection.

UNIT V
Text Search Algorithms: Introduction, Software text search algorithms, Hardware text search systems.

Text Books
1. David A. Grossman, Ophir Frieder, information Retrieval —Algorithms and Heuristics, Springer, 2
Edition (Distributed by Universities Press),2004.
2. Kowalski, Gerald, Mark T Maybury: Information Retrieval Systems: Theory and Implementation,
Kluwer Academic Press,1997.

Reference Books
1. Gerald J Kowaiski, Mark T Maybury. Information Storage and Retrieval Systems, Springer,2000
2. SoumenChakrabarti, Mining the Web : Discovering Knowledge from Hypertext Data, Morgan-
Kaufrnann Publishers, 2002
3. Christopher D. Manning, PrabhakarRaghavan, HinñchSchütze, An Introduction to Information
Retrieval, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England,2009

158
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CYBER FORENSICS
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE -V)

Course Code:GR22A4130 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year II Semester

Course Outcomes
1. Discuss the security issues network layer and transport layer.
2. Apply security principles in the application layer.
3. Explain computer forensics.
4. Use forensics tools.
5. Analyze and validate forensics data.

UNIT I
Network Layer Security & Transport Layer Security IPSec Protocol - IP Authentication Header - IP
ESP - Key Management Protocol for IPSec. Transport layer Security: SSL protocol, Cryptographic
Computations – TLS Protocol.

UNIT II
E-Mail Security & Firewalls PGP - S/MIME - Internet Firewalls for Trusted System: Roles of Firewalls –
Firewall related terminology- Types of Firewalls - Firewall designs- SET for E- Commerce Transactions.

UNIT III
Introduction to Computer Forensics Introduction to Traditional Computer Crime, Traditional problems
associated with Computer Crime. Introduction to Identity Theft & Identity Fraud. Types of CF techniques - Incident
and incident response methodology - Forensic duplication and investigation. Preparation for IR: Creating response
tool kit and IR team. - Forensics Technology and Systems - Understanding Computer Investigation – Data
Acquisition.

UNIT IV
Evidence Collection and Forensics Tools Processing Crime and Incident Scenes – Working with
Windows and DOS Systems. Current Computer Forensics Tools: Software/Hardware Tools.

UNIT V
Analysis and Validation Validating Forensics Data – Data Hiding Techniques – Performing Remote Acquisition –
Network Forensics – Email Investigations – Cell Phone and Mobile Devices Forensics.

Text Books
1. Cybersecurity & Digital Forensics by ANAS ZAKIR – 17 March 2022
2. Cyber Security and Digital Forensics by Mangesh M. Ghonge, Sabyasachi Pramanik, Ramchandra
Mangrulkar, Dac-Nhuong Le Released March 2022 Publisher(s): Wiley-Scrivener
3. Man Young Rhee, “Internet Security: Cryptographic Principles”, “Algorithms and Protocols”, Wiley
Publications, 2003.
4. Nelson, Phillips, Enfinger, Steuart, “Computer Forensics and Investigations”, Cengage
Learning, India Edition, 2008.

159
Reference Books
1. John R.Vacca, “Computer Forensics”, Cengage Learning, 2005.
2. Richard E.Smith, “Internet Cryptography”, 3rd Edition Pearson Education, 2008.
3. Marjie T.Britz, “Computer Forensics and Cyber Crime”: An Introduction”, 3rd Edition,
Prentice Hall, 2013.
4. Cyber Forensics A Complete Guide - 2020 Edition Kindle Edition by Gerardus Blokdyk (Author)
5. Cyber Forensics Examining Emerging and Hybrid Technologies Edited by Albert J. Marcella
6. Majid Yar, “Cybercrime and Society”, SAGE Publications Ltd, Hardcover, 2nd Edition, 2013

160
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SOFTWARE TESTING METHODOLOGIES
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE -VI)
Course Code:GR22A4058 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3
IV Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify the various bugs and correcting them after knowing the consequences of the bug.
2. Apply Path testing Strategies to conduct as part of White Box Testing.
3. Apply various Data flow testing techniques for exploring Data Bugs and Domain Bugs.
4. Design test cases based on decision tables for a given logical construct.
5. Understand graph matrices and apply matrices techniques for the simplification of graphs and
simplify testing process.

UNIT I
Introduction: Purpose of testing, Dichotomies, Model for testing, Consequences of bugs, Taxonomy of
Bugs.

UNIT II
Flow Graphs and Path Testing: Basics concepts of Path Testing, Predicates, Path Predicates and
Achievable Paths, Path Sensitizing, Path Instrumentation, Application of Path Testing.
Transaction Flow Testing: Transaction flows, transaction flow testing techniques.

UNIT III
Dataflow testing: Basics of dataflow testing, strategies in dataflow testing, application of dataflow
testing.
Domain Testing: Domains and paths, Nice & ugly domains, Domain Testing, domains and interfaces
testing, domain and interface testing, domains and testability.

UNIT IV
Paths, Path products and Regular expressions: Path products & path expression, reduction procedure,
applications, regular expressions & flow anomaly detection.
Logic Based Testing: Overview, decision tables, path expressions, kv charts, specifications

UNIT V
State, State Graphs and Transition testing: State graphs, good & bad state graphs, state testing,
Testability tips.
Graph Matrices and Application: Motivational overview, matrix of graph, relations, power of a
matrix, Node Reduction algorithm.

Text Books
1. Software Testing techniques – Boris Beizer, Dreamtech, 2 nd Edition.
2. Software Testing Tools – Dr.K.V.K.K. Prasad, Dreamtech.

Reference Books
1. 1. The craft of software testing - Brian Marick, Pearson Education.
161
2. Software Testing Techniques –SPD(Oreille).
3. Software Testing in the Real World – Edward Kit, Pearson.
4. Effective methods of Software Testing, Perry, John Wiley.
5. Art of Software Testing – Meyers, John Wiley.

162
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AUGMENTED REALITY AND VIRTUAL REALITY
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE-VI)

Course Code: GR22A4054 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

IV Year II Semester

Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze about augmented reality.
2. Identify AR devices for various applications.
3. Analyze about virtual reality.
4. Interpret about usage of VR devices and human factors involved.
5. Apply AR & VR technology in various domains.

UNIT I
Introduction to Augmented Reality, The Relationship Between Augmented Reality and Other
Technologies, Augmented Reality Concepts, How Does Augmented Reality Work?, Ingredients of an
Augmented Reality Experience.

UNIT II
Augmented Reality Hardware, Major Hardware Components for Augmented Reality Systems, Augmented
Reality Software, Major Software Components for Augmented Reality Systems, Software used to Create
Content for the Augmented Reality Application.

UNIT III
Virtual Reality: The Three I’s of Virtual Reality, A Short History of Early Virtual Reality, Early
Commercial VR Technology , VR Becomes an Industry, The Five Classic Components of a VR System.
Input Devices: Trackers, Navigation, and Gesture Interfaces: Three-Dimensional Position Trackers,
Navigation and Manipulation Interfaces

UNIT IV
Output Devices: Graphics, Three-Dimensional Sound, and Haptic Displays : Graphics Displays, Sound
Displays, Haptic Feedback.
Human Factors in VR: Methodology and Terminology, User Performance Studies, VR Health and Safety
Issues, VR and Society

UNIT V
Augmented Reality Applications, What Makes a Good Augmented Reality Application? Application
Areas: Education, Gaming, Robotics, Health care, Manufacturing, Evaluating Augmented Reality
Applications.

Text Books
1. Alan B. Craig, Understanding Augmented Reality, Concepts and Applications, Morgan
Kaufmann, 2013.
2. Burdea, G. C. and P. Coffet. Virtual Reality Technology, Second Edition. Wiley IEEE Press,
163
2003/2006.
Reference Books
1. LaValle, “Virtual Reality”, Cambridge University Press, 2016.
2. Alan B Craig, William R Sherman and Jeffrey D Will, “Developing Virtual Reality
Applications: Foundations of Effective Design”, Morgan Kaufmann, 2009.
3. John Vince, “Virtual Reality Systems “, Pearson Education Asia, 2007.
4. Anand R., “Augmented and Virtual Reality”, Khanna Publishing House, Delhi.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SPEECH AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE- VI)
Course Code: GR22A4132 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
IV Year II Semester
Course Outcomes:
1. To understand regular expressions, text normalization, n gram and vector representation of
text
2. To understand word classes, Maximum Entropy Markov Models and Context-Free
Grammars
3. To understand CKY parsing, PCFG parsing and CCG parsing, and dependency relations
4. To understand relation extraction using events and template filling, frame net and semantic
role labeling
5. To understand discourse analysis and machine translation for question answering and
speech recognition methods.

UNIT I
Introduction, Regular Expressions, Text Normalization, Edit Distance, N-gram Language Models Naïve
Bayes and Sentiment Classification, Vector Semantics

UNIT II
Introduction, Regular Expressions, Text Normalization, Edit Distance, N-gram Language Models Naïve
Bayes and Sentiment Classification, Vector Semantics

UNIT III
Dependency Parsing, Neural shift-reduce dependency parsing, Efficient parsing for context-free
grammars (CFGs). Statistical parsing, probabilistic CFGs (PCFGs). Lexicalized PCFGs.

UNIT IV
Discourse Analysis. Information Extraction: Relation extraction, Event extraction Semantic Role Labeling,
IE using sequence labeling, Lexicons for Sentiment analysis

UNIT – V
Machine Translation (MT): Basic issues in MT. Statistical translation, word alignment, phrase-based
translation, and synchronous grammars.

Text Books
1.Daniel Jurafsky and James H. Martin. 2018. Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to
Natural Language Processing, Speech Recognition, and Computational Linguistics.
3rdedition.Prentice-Hall.
2.Christopher D. Manning and Hinrich Schütze. 1999. Foundations of Statistical Natural Language
Processing. MIT Press.
3.Thushan Ganegedara, Andrei Lopatenko, Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow, Packt
publications 2022.
165
Reference Books
1. Elsa Harrington, Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing, 2022.
2. Mona M, Premkumar Rangarajan, Julien Simon, Natural Language Processing with AWS AI Services,
2021

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CYBER LAWS AND IPR
(PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE- VI)
Course Code: GR22A4151 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3
IV Year II Semester
Course Outcomes:
After completing the course, students will be familiar with
1.Understanding concepts related to cyber world and cyber law in general
2.Students locate and apply case law and common law to current legal dilemmas in the technology field.
3.Students will able to understand Cyber-crime and Ethical practices.
4.Students will interface with various issues pertaining to Intellectual Property, copy rights, patents rights
etc.
5.Intellectual property issues in the cyber space and the growth and development of the law.

UNIT 1
CYBER SOCIETY
Definitions, Specificities of the Cyberspace, Dimensions of Cyber Ethics in Cyber Society, Fourth
Industrial Revolution, Users’ Motivations in Cyber-Space, Core Values and Virtues, Old Values or
Eschatological Vision, Cyber Ethics by Norms, Laws and Relations Artificial Intelligence Ethics: “AI for
Good”, Cyber-Capitalism: Cyber-Ethics as Business Ethics.

UNIT II
CYBER LAW AND CYBER ETHICS
The importance of cyber law, the significance of cyber ethics, cyber-crime is unethical and illegal, ethics
education has positive impact, the need for cyber regulation based on cyber ethics, very dangerous times.

UNIT III
ETHICS IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY, THE NINE P’S
Principles: ethical values, participation: access to knowledge for all, people: community, identity, gender,
generation, education, profession: ethics of information professions, privacy: dignity, data mining,
security.
Piracy: intellectual property, cybercrime, protection: children and young people, power: Economic power
of technology, media and consumers, policy: ethics of regulation and freedom.

UNIT IV
INTRODUCTION TO IPR
General agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT) eight rounds: Uruguay round, world trade organization:
structure, technology transfer, dispute resolution mechanism, Doha declaration world trade organization
agreements including trade related intellectual properties rights and trade related investment measures.

UNIT V
WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION AND PATENTS
Paris convention, Bern convention, Budapest treaty, Madrid agreement, huge agreement, Historical
background of intellectual property rights, introduction, definition and classification of intellectual
property, patents, patentable and non-patentable inventions. Legal requirements for patents, types of patent
167
applications, Patent document, specifications and claims.

TEXT BOOKS
1. P.KrishnaRao, WTO, Text and cases, Excel Books, 2015.
2. P. K. Vasudeva,World Trade Organization: Implications on Indian Economy, Pearson Education,2015.
3. Christoph Stuckelberger, Pavan Duggal, “Cyber Ethics 4.0 Serving Humanity with Values”,
Globethics.net, Global Series, 2018.

REFERENCES
1. J.P. Sharma, SunainaKanojia, Cyber Laws
2. Dr. Farooq Ahmad, Cyber Law in India, Allahbad Law Agency- Faridabad
3. Caves, Frankel, Jones, World Trade and Payments-An Introduction, Pearson4. Education, 2015.
4. Carlos M.Correa- Intellectual property rights, The WTO and Developing countries-Zed books.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT WORK – PHASE II

Course Code: GR22A4145 L/T/P/C: 0/0/12/6

IV Year II Semester
At the end of this course, students will be able to:

Course Outcomes:
1. Practice and acquire the knowledge within the chosen area of technology for Project Development.
2. Identify, discuss, and justify the technical aspects of the chosen project with a comprehensive and
systematic approach.
3. Design and develop Engineering Projects by implementing technical aspects.
4. Work as an individual or in a team in development of Technical Projects.
5. Compile and report effectively the project related activities and findings.

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 OPEN
ELECTIVES

170
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SOFT SKILLS AND INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3145 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
 Develop soft skills communication skills, leadership skills etc.
 Implement goal setting techniques to build a promising career and evaluate the power of
confidence building and self-esteem with examples.
 Design formal reports and proposals with appropriate formal expressions.
 Create a healthy workplace environment by treating others with respect and dignity.
 Describe team dynamics and exchange ideas about the elements of positive teamwork.

Unit 1: Soft Skills

 Introduction to soft skills, Definition of Soft skills, Importance of soft skills
 Communication skills, Usage of English in Business/Corporate scenario
 Nonverbal communication - Proxemics
 Presentation skills

Unit 2: Team Building & Leadership Qualities

 Qualities of a good leader
 Problem solving and Decision Making
 Strategic management
 Crisis management

Unit 3: Personality Development

 Motivation
 Goal setting
 Self-esteem
 Team skills

Unit 4: Developing Reports and Proposals

 Understanding reports and proposals
 Planning reports and proposals
 Writing beginning, body and ending
 Formats of reports and proposals

Unit 5: Interpersonal Skills

 Understanding professional relationships
 Networking professionally
 Showing basic office courtesies
 Interview skills.

Text Books
1. Soft Skills-Key to success in workplace and life Meenakshi Raman, Raman Upadhyay, CENAGE

Reference Books
1. Soft skills for Everyone - Jeff Butterfield, CENAGE Learning
2. Soft skills for Interpersonal Communication - S.Balasubramaniam (ORIENT BLACKSWAN)

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4049 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. To acquaint the student with the determinants of intra -individual, inter-personnel, and inter-group
behaviour in an organizational setting.
2. To Understand individual behavior in organizations, including diversity, attitudes, job satisfaction,
emotions, moods, personality, values, perception, decision making, and motivational theories and
apply in the organizational context.
3. To assess the group behavior in organizations, including communication, leadership, power and
politics, conflict, and negotiations in the framework of organization and to familiarize the concepts,
techniques, and practices of human resource development in the current organizational view.
4. To impart and apprise the capable of applying the principles and techniques as professionals for
developing human resources in an organization.
5. To report the current trends and applications in HRD and Balanced Scorecard to measures the
performance and to develop, implement, and evaluate organizational human resource development
strategies aimed at promoting organizational effectiveness in different organizational environments.

Unit I - Introduction to OB: Organizational Behaviour- Concept and Emergence of OB Concept; Nature
and Theoretical frameworks; Models of Organizational Behaviour, Challenges and Opportunities for
Organizational Behavior;

Unit II- Individual Behaviour: Individual Behaviour: Personality, Learning, Values and Attitudes,
Perception, Stress at work. Management’s assumptions about people- McGregor’s Theory X and Theory
Y. Motivation - Maslow’s Need Hierarchy, Herzberg’s Two Factors Theory, Vroom’s Expectancy Theory.

Unit III-Inter-personal and Group Behaviour: Interpersonal communication and Feedback;

Transactional Analysis (TA); Johari Window. Group Behaviour: Group Dynamics, Cohesiveness and
Productivity; Management of Dysfunctional groups; Group Decision Making. Leadership- Concept and
Styles.

Unit IV -Introduction to Human Resource Development: Concept; Relationship between human

resource management and human resource development; HRD mechanisms, processes, and outcomes;
HRD matrix; Roles and competencies of HRD professionals; Challenges in HRD, steps in HRD Process.

Unit V-HRD Applications and Trends: Coaching and mentoring; Career management and development;
Competency mapping; Balanced Score Card. HRD in Organizations: Selected cases covering HRD
practices in government Organizations, manufacturing, and service industries and MNCs.

Text Books
1. Robbins, Stephen P. and Timothy A. Judge, Organizational Behaviour, Prentice -Hall, New Delhi.
2. Werner J. M., DeSimone, R.L., Human resource development, South Western.
Reference Books
1. Luthans, Fred, Organizational Behaviour, McGraw-Hill, New York.
2.Gregory, Moorhead and Ricky W. Griffin, Managing Organizational Behaviour, Thomson South
Western Publication.

172
3. Pareek, Udai and V. Sisodia, “HRD in the New Millennium, Tata McGraw - Hill Publishing Co.
Ltd., New Delhi, 1999.
4. Haldar, U. K., Human resource development, Oxford University Press India.
5. Rao, T.V., Future of HRD, Macmillan Publishers India.
6. Rao, T.V., HRD Score Card 2500: Based on HRD audit, Response Books, SAGE Publications.
7. Mankin, D., Human resource development, Oxford University Press India.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CYBER LAW AND ETHICS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4077 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Students identify and analyze statutory, regulatory, constitutional, and organizational laws that affect
the information technology professional.
2. Students locate and apply case law and common law to current legal dilemmas in the technology field.
3. Students apply diverse viewpoints to ethical dilemmas in the information technology field and
recommend appropriate actions.
4. Students will be able understand cybercrime and ethical practices and the student will be able to know
and learn web technologies and related issues.
5. The student will be in a position to interface with various issues pertaining to Intellectual Property,
copy rights, patents rights etc. and provide an overview of cybercrime and framework.

Unit I - The Legal System: Sources of Law and The Court Structure: Enacted law -Acts of Parliament
are of primary legislation, Common Law or Case law- Principles taken from decisions of judges constitute
binding legal rules. The Court System in India and Foreign Courtiers. (District Court, District Consumer
Forum, Tribunals, High Courts, Supreme Court), Arbitration: As an alternative to resolving disputes in the
normal courts, parties who are in dispute can agree that this will instead be referred to arbitration.

Unit II - Introduction cyber law: Computers and its Impact in Society, Overview of Computer and Web
Technology, Need for Cyber Law, Cyber Jurisprudence at International and Indian Level. , NITI Aayog
and some current aspects.

Unit –III - Constitutional & Human Rights Issues in Cyber space: Freedom of Speech and Expression
in Cyberspace, Right to Access Cyberspace, Access to Internet, Right to Privacy, Right to Data Protection.

Unit –IV Cyber Crimes & Legal Framework: Cyber Crimes against Individuals, Institution and State,
Hacking, Digital Forgery, Cyber Stalking/Harassment, Cyber Pornography, Identity Theft & Fraud, Cyber
terrorism, Cyber Defamation, Different offences under IT Act

Unit –V Intellectual Property Issues in Cyber Space: Interface with Copyright Law, Interface with
Patent Law, Trademarks & Domain Names Related issues.

Text Books
1. Chris Reed & John Angel, Computer Law, OUP, New York, (2007).
2. Justice Yatindra Singh, Cyber Laws, Universal Law Publishing Co, New Delhi, (2012)
3. Verma S, K, Mittal Raman, Legal Dimensions of Cyber Space, Indian Law Institute, New Delhi, (2004)
4. Jonthan Rosenoer, Cyber Law, Springer, New York, (1997).
5. Sudhir Naib, The Information Technology Act, 2005: A Handbook.
6. S. R. Bhansali, Information Technology Act, 2000
7. University Book House Pvt. Ltd. Jaipur (2003).
8. Vasu Deva, Cyber Crimes and Law Enforcement, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ECONOMIC POLICIES IN INDIA
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4147 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Familiarize with the nature of business environment and its components.
2. The students will be able to demonstrate and develop conceptual framework of business
environment.
3. Understand the definition of ethics and the importance and role of ethical behaviour in the
business world today.
4. Explain the effects of government policy on the economic environment.
5. Outline how an entity operates in a business environment.

Unit 1: Business environment-factors effecting Business Environment-need for industrial policies,

Overview of Indian Economy, Trends towards market economy, problems of underdevelopment –
meaning, Main problems, reasons, of underdevelopment.

Unit :2 Factors and measure, Meaning of Economic development, National income, Per capital income,
Quality of life, Capital Formation – Savings, Investment.

Unit 3: NITI Aayog and Planning in India, Niti Aayog and its function, how is Niti Aayog different
from planning commission, Meaning, Importance, Main reasons of adopting, planning in India, Objectives
of planning, Economic development, moderation, stability, self-sufficiency, employment etc, foreign aid,
Employment. Allocation of Resources,

Unit 4: Private and Public Sector, Public Sector – role and growth, Achievements of the public sector,
Private Sector – Importance Problems, New foreign Trade Policy.

Unit 5: Present Economic Policy, Main feature, Globalization, Expansion of Private sector, more market
orient approach. Public distribution system, Industrial policies before and after 1991, Industrial Licensing,
Monetary and Fiscal Policy, elements of Indian current GDP and review of current budget.

Text Books
1. Francis Cherunilam: Business Environment: Text and Cases. 18/e. Himalaya. 2009.
2. Misra and Puri: Indian Economy, Himalaya, 2009.

Reference Books
1. Indian Economy- A. N. Agarwal
2. Indian Economy – Mishra &Puri
3. Indian Development and planning – M. L. Jhingan
4. Indian Economy – R. S. Rastogi Yozna and Kurukshetra Magazines

175
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATA SCIENCE FOR ENGINEERS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3049 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Illustrate a flow process for data science problems.
2. Demonstrate the mathematical foundations for data science.
3. Analyze the data science process and predictive modelling.
4. Develop R codes for data science solutions.
5. Correlate results to the solution approach followed.

UNIT I
Introduction to R, Variables and datatypes in R, Data frames, Recasting and joining of data frames,
Recasting and joining of data frames, Arithmetic, Logical and Matrix operations in R, Advanced
programming in R : Functions, Control structures, Data visualization in R Basic graphics.

UNIT II
Linear Algebra and Statistics for Data Science: Solving Linear Equations, Linear Algebra Distance,
Hyperplanes and Half spaces, Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors, Statistical Modelling, Random Variables and
Probability Mass/Density Functions, Sample Statistics.

UNIT III
Introduction to Data Science, Solving Data Analysis Problems - A Guided Thought Process, Predictive
Modelling, Linear Regression, Model Assessment, Diagnostics to Improve Linear Model Fit.

UNIT IV
Simple Linear Regression Model Building, Cross Validation, Multiple Linear Regression Modelling
Building and Selection.

UNIT V
Classification, K - Nearest Neighbors (KNN), K - Nearest Neighbors implementation in R, K - means
Clustering, K - means implementation in R.

Text Books
1. Data Science for Engineers, 1 st Edition, Raghunathan Rengaswamy, Resmi Suresh, CRC Press, Taylor
& Francis Group.
2. Introduction to Linear Algebra, Fifth Edition, Gilbert Strang, ISBN: 978-09802327-7-6.
3. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, Douglas Montgomery, George C Runger, Fifth
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Reference Books
1. Hands On Introduction to Data Science Hardcover – 2 April 2020 by Chirag Shah (Author)
2. Essential Math for Data Science: Take Control of Your Data with Fundamental Linear Algebra,
Probability, and Statistics by Thomas Nield (Author)

176
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DATA ANALYTICS USING OPEN-SOURCE TOOLS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3120 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes:
1. Interpret about graphics techniques in data analysis.
2. Implement data modeling techniques for a dataset.
3. Develop the simulation for mining and clustering the data.
4. Infer the data using business intelligence and predictive analytics.
5. Implement the data analytics using Programming Environments

UNIT I
Graphics: A Single Variable – Dot and Jitter Plots, Histograms and Kernel Density Estimates, The
Cumulative Distribution Function, Rank-Order Plots and Lift Charts, Summary Statistics and Box
Plots, Practice using Numpy, Two Variables- Scatter Plots, Smoothing, Logarithmic Plots, Banking,
Practice using Matplotlib, Time as A Variable- Time-Series Analysis, More Than Two Variables-
False-color plots, Multi plots.

UNIT II
Modeling Data: Guesstimation and the back of the envelope- Principles, Perturbation Theory and
Error Propagation, Models from scaling arguments- Models, Arguments from Scale, Mean-Field
Approximations, Common Time-Evolution Scenarios, Arguments from probability models- The
Binomial Distribution and Bernoulli Trials, The Gaussian Distribution and the Central Limit Theorem,
Power-Law Distributions and Non-Normal Statistics, Bayesian Statistics.

UNIT III
Mining Data: Simulations- Monte Carlo Simulations, Resampling Methods, Discrete Euent
Simulations with SimPy, Finding Clusters- Distance and Similarity Measures, Clustering Methods, Pre
and Postprocessing, Pycluster, Seeing the Forest for the trees- PCA, Kohonen Maps, PCA with R.

UNIT IV
Applications: Reporting, Business intelligence and Dashboards- Corporate Metrics and Dashboards,
Data Quality Issues, Financial calculations and modeling- The Time Value of Money, Uncertainty in
Planning and Opportunity Costs, Cost Concepts and Depreciation, Predictive analytics- algorithms for
classification.

UNIT V
Programming Environments and Data analytics
Programming Environments: Software Tools, A Catalog of Scientific Software - Matlab, R, Python
Results from Calculus: Common Functions, Calculus, Useful Tricks -Binomial theorem, Linear
transformation.
Working with data: Sources for Data, Cleaning and Conditioning, Sampling, Data File Formats, The
Care and Feeding of Your Data Zoo.

177
Text Books
1. Philipp K. Janert, Data Analysis with Open Source Tools, O’Reilly Media, Inc, November 2010:
1st Edition.
Reference Books
1. G James, D. Witten, T Hastie, and R. Tibshirani, An Introduction to Statistical Learning: with
Applications in R, Springer, 2013
2. Chambers, John, Software for Data Analysis Programming with R, Springer, 2008
3. Trevor Hastie Robert Tibshirani Jerome Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning, Data
Mining, Inference, and Prediction (2nd Edn.), Springer, 2014
4. Mark Gardener, Beginning R: The Statistical Programming Language, Wiley, 2013
5. Upadhyaya and A. Upadhyaya, Material Science and Engineering, Anshan Publications, 2007

178
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AUGMENTED REALITY AND VIRTUAL REALITY
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4054 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze about augmented reality.
2. Identify AR devices for various applications.
3. Analyze about virtual reality.
4. Interpret about usage of VR devices and human factors involved.
5. Apply AR & VR technology in various domains.

UNIT I
Introduction to Augmented Reality, The Relationship Between Augmented Reality and Other
Technologies, Augmented Reality Concepts, How Does Augmented Reality Work? Ingredients of an
Augmented Reality Experience.

UNIT II
Augmented Reality Hardware, Major Hardware Components for Augmented Reality Systems,
Augmented Reality Software, Major Software Components for Augmented Reality Systems, Software
used to Create Content for the Augmented Reality Application.

UNIT III
Virtual Reality: The Three I’s of Virtual Reality, A Short History of Early Virtual Reality, Early
Commercial VR Technology, VR Becomes an Industry, The Five Classic Components of a VR System.
Input Devices: Trackers, Navigation, and Gesture Interfaces: Three-Dimensional Position Trackers,
Navigation and Manipulation Interfaces

UNIT IV
Output Devices: Graphics, Three-Dimensional Sound, and Haptic Displays : Graphics Displays, Sound
Displays, Haptic Feedback.
Human Factors in VR: Methodology and Terminology, User Performance Studies, VR Health and
Safety Issues, VR and Society

UNIT V:
Augmented Reality Applications, What Makes a Good Augmented Reality Application? Application
Areas: Education, Gaming, Robotics, Health care, Manufacturing, Evaluating Augmented Reality
Applications.

Text Books
1. Alan B. Craig, Understanding Augmented Reality, Concepts and Applications, Morgan Kaufmann,
2013.
2. Burdea, G. C. and P. Coffet. Virtual Reality Technology, Second Edition. Wiley IEEE Press,
2003/2006.

179
Reference Books
1. LaValle, “Virtual Reality”, Cambridge University Press, 2016.
2. Alan B Craig, William R Sherman and Jeffrey D Will, “Developing Virtual Reality Applications:
Foundations of Effective Design”, Morgan Kaufmann, 2009.
3. John Vince, “Virtual Reality Systems “, Pearson Education Asia, 2007.
4. Anand R., “Augmented and Virtual Reality”, Khanna Publishing House, Delhi.

180
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
BASICS OF JAVA PROGRAMMING
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3072 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Apply knowledge on key attributes of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and control structures.
2. create and manipulate classes and objects, employ various methods and method utilization.
3. Demonstrate expertise in both array-based and string-based structures.
4. understanding of Java's inheritance and interface concepts
5. proficient at organizing Java code using packages and exception handling.

UNIT I
Java Programming Fundamentals: Java Language, Key Attributes of Object-Oriented Programming,
Java Development Kit, Simple Program, Create Blocks of Code, Keywords, Identifiers, The Java Class
Libraries.
Data Types and Operators: Java’s Primitive Types, Literals, Variables, Scope and Lifetime of
Variables, Operators- Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Bitwise, Assignment. Type conversion in
Assignments, Using a Cast, Operator Precedence.
Program Control Structures: if, switch, for, enhanced for, while, do-while, break, continue.

UNIT II
Introduction to Classes, Objects and Methods: Class Fundamentals, Objects creation, Reference
Variables and Assignment, Methods, returning a Value, Using Parameters, passing objects to methods,
passing arguments, Method Overloading, Constructors, Parameterized Constructors, Overloading
Constructors. new Operator, this Keyword, Command-Line Arguments.

UNIT III
Arrays: Introduction to Arrays, 1D Arrays, Multidimensional Arrays, Irregular Arrays, Using the Length
Member. Arrays class of util package.
Strings: String class, constructors, length(), string literals, concatenation, Character extraction, string
comparison, searching strings, modifying, data conversion, changing the case, joining, split(). String
Buffer class: constructors, length(), capacity(), ensure Capacity(), set Length(), charAt(), setCharAt(), get
Chars(), append(), insert(), reverse(), delete(), deleteCharAt(), replace().

UNIT IV
Inheritance: Basics, Inheritance Types, Using Super, Multilevel Hierarchy, Super class Reference Books
and Subclass Objects, Method Overriding, Abstract Classes, Using final. Interfaces: Fundamentals,
Creating and Implementing an Interface, Using Interface Reference Books, Implementing Multiple
Interfaces, Extending Interfaces, Nested Interface.

UNIT V
Packages: Package Fundamentals, Member Access, Importing Packages, Static import.
Exception Handling: Exception Hierarchy, Fundamentals, Handling errors, Multiple Catch, Throwing
and Rethrowing an Exception, Throwable, using finally, using throws, Creating Exception Sub classes.

Text Books
1. Herbert Schildt, Dale Skrien, Java Fundamentals A Comprehensive Introduction, 1/e, Tata McGraw

181
 Hill, 2017.
2. Herbert Schildt, The Java complete Reference Books, 9/e, Tata McGraw Hill,2014.
Reference Books
1. Y. Daniel Liang, An Introduction to JAVA Programming, 10/e, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Kathy Sierra, Head First Java, 2/e, Shroff Publishers, 2012.
3. Balagurusamy, Programming with JAVA, 2/e, Tata McGraw Hill, 2014.

182
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO DBMS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3141 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Identify the role of Database System Applications and the design issues related.
2. Design the logical model for the applications.
3. Construct a Database Schema, manipulate data using a SQL.
4. Apply the Schema Refinement techniques for a database design for optimized access.
5. For a given transaction-processing system, determine the transaction atomicity, consistency, isolation,
and durability.

UNIT I
Introduction to Database And System Architecture: Database Systems and their Applications, Database
Vs File System, View of Data, Data Models, Database Languages- DDL and DML, Transaction
Management, Database users and Administrators, Database System Structure.

UNIT II
Introduction to Database Design: ER Diagrams, Entities, Attributes and Entity sets, Relationships and
Relationship set, Extended ER Features, Conceptual Design with the ER Model, Logical database Design.
Relational Model: Introduction to Relational Model, Basic Structure, Database Schema, Keys, Relational
Algebra

UNIT III
SQL Queries and Constraints: SQL Data Definition, Types of SQL Commands, Form of Basic SQL
Query, SQL Operators, Set Operators, Nested Queries, Aggregate Operators, NULL values, Integrity
Constraints Over Relations, Joins, Introduction to Views, Destroying
/ Altering Tables and Views, Cursors, Triggers.

UNIT IV
Schema Refinement and Normal Forms: Introduction to Schema Refinement, Functional Dependencies,
Properties of Decomposition, Reasoning about FD, Normal Forms.

UNIT V
Transaction Management: Transaction Concept, Transaction State, Concurrent Executions,
Serializability, Testing for Serializability.
Concurrency Control: Lock based Protocols, Timestamp based protocols,
Recovery System: Recovery and Atomicity, Log based recovery, Shadow Paging, Recovery with
concurrent Transactions.

Text Books
1. “Data base Management Systems”, Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TATA McGraw Hill 3rd
Edition.
2. “Data base System Concepts”, Silberschatz, Korth, McGraw hill, V Edition.
3. “Introduction to Database Systems”, C.J.Date Pearson Education.

183
Reference Books
1.“Database Systems design, Implementation, and Management”, Rob & Coronel 5th Edition.
2. “Database Management Systems”, P. Radha Krishna HI-TECH Publications 2005.
3. “Database Management System”, Elmasri Navate, Pearson Education.
4.“Database Management System”, Mathew Leon, Leo

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO DATA MINING
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4080 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Learn the concepts of database technology evolutionary path which has led to the need for data mining
and its applications.
2. Apply pre-processing statistical methods for any given raw data.
3. Apply Apriori and FP growth algorithms for forming strong association rules.
4. Extract knowledge and implementation of data mining techniques.
5. Apply the data mining algorithm for solving practical problems.

UNIT I
Introduction: Fundamentals of data mining, Data Mining Functionalities, Classification of Data Mining
systems, Data Mining Task Primitives, Integration of a Data Mining System with a Database or a Data
Warehouse System, Major issues in Data Mining.

UNIT II
Data Preprocessing: Need for Preprocessing the Data, Data Cleaning, Data Integration and
Transformation, Data Reduction.
Introduction to Data Warehouse: Data Warehouse, Multi-dimensional Data Model, Data Warehouse
Architecture, Data Marts.

UNIT III
Mining Frequent Patterns, Associations: Basic Concepts, Market Basket Analysis, Efficient and Scalable
Frequent Item set Mining Methods, Mining various kinds of Association Rules.

UNIT IV
Classification: Issues Regarding Classification, Classification by Decision Tree Induction, Bayesian
Classification, Rule-Based Classification.
Prediction: Issues Regarding Prediction, Regression techniques.
Accuracy and Error measures: Evaluating the accuracy of a Classifier or a Predictor.

UNIT V
Cluster Analysis Introduction: Types of Data in Cluster Analysis, A Categorization of Major Clustering
Methods, Partitioning Methods - k-Means and k-Medoids, Hierarchical Methods – Agglomerative,
BIRCH.

Text Books
1. Data Mining– Concepts and Techniques - Jiawei Han & Micheline Kamber, Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers, Elsevier, Second Edition,2006.
2. Introduction to Data Mining – Pang-Ning Tan, Michael Steinbach and Vipin Kumar, Pearson education.

185
Reference Books
1. Data Mining Techniques – Arun K. Pujari, Second Edition, Universities Press.
2. Data Warehousing in the Real World, Sam Aanhory and Dennis Murray, Pearson Edition, Asia.

186
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PROGRAMMING IN PYTHON
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3077 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Demonstrate the concepts of control flow, data structures and Functions in Python
2. Design python programs using functional programming
3. Implement the file handling operations, exception handling mechanism.
4. Design python programs using object-oriented programming and multithreaded programming concepts.
5. Develop GUI based applications using Tkinter.

UNIT I
Basic features of Python-Interactive execution, comments, types, variables, operators, expressions,
Statements-assignment, input, print, Control flow-Conditionals, Loops, break statement, continue
statement, pass statement, Functions, definition, call, scope and lifetime of variables, keyword arguments,
default parameter values, variable length arguments, recursive functions.

UNIT II
Sequences-Strings, Lists and Tuples-basic operations and functions, iterating over sequences, Sets and
Dictionaries- operations and functions, Functional programming-mapping, filtering and reduction,
Lambda functions, List comprehensions. Scope, namespaces, and modules, import statement, creating
own modules, avoiding namespace collisions when importing modules.

UNIT III
Files-operations-opening, reading, writing, closing, file positions. Exceptions – raising and handling
exceptions, try/except statements, finally clause, standard exceptions, custom exceptions., iterators and
generators, Python program examples.

UNIT IV
Object oriented programming- classes, constructors, objects, class variables, class methods, static
methods, operator overloading. Inheritance-is-a relationship, composition, polymorphism, overriding,
multiple inheritance, abstract classes, multithreaded programming, Python program examples.

UNIT V
GUI Programming with Tkinter, Widgets (Buttons, Canvas, Frame, Label, Menu, Entry, Text, Scrollbar,
Combobox, Listbox, Scale), event driven programming-events, callbacks, binding, layout management-
geometry managers: pack and grid, creating GUI based applications in Python.

Text Books
1. Exploring Python, Timothy A. Budd, McGraw Hill Publications.
2. Introduction to Programming using Python, Ys.Daniel Liang, Pearson.
3. Python Programming, Sheetal Taneja and Naveen Kumar, Pearson.

187
Reference Books
1. Introduction to Computer Science using Python, Charles Dierbach, Wiley India Edition.
2. Fundamentals of Python, K. A. Lambert, B.L. Juneja, Cengage Learning.
3. Think Python, how to think like a computer scientist, Allen B. Downey, SPD, O’Reilly.
4. Core Python Programming, Wesley J. Chun, second edition, pearson.

188
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTERNET OF THINGS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3147 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Prerequisites
Students are expected to have knowledge on Operating systems, Virtualization and Networking

Course Outcomes
1. Learn characteristics, applications, components and challenges of Internet of Things (IOT)
2. Create understanding of IOT networking concepts – terminologies, stack components,
infrastructure and data protocols
3. Create understanding of the concept of Cloud based IOT technologies, cloud service
providers and security aspects
4. Develop skills in understanding and programming the Arduino and Raspberry Pi hardware
platforms
5. Make the student understand the requirements, components, challenges and develop
various application areas - smart homes, smart grids, smart health care, smart cities and
industrial IOT

UNIT I
Introduction to IOT: Characteristics of IOT, Applications of IOT, IOT Categories, IOT Enablers and
Connectivity Layers, Sensors, Actuators, IOT Components & Implementation, Challenges for IOT

UNIT II
IOT Networking & Connectivity Technologies: Connectivity terminologies-IOT Node, LAN, WAN,
Gateway, IOT protocol Stack vs. Web Stack, IOT Identification and Data Protocols-IPV4,
IPV6,HTTP,MQTT,COAP,AMQP,DDS Connectivity Technologies – Zigbee, Bluetooth, LoRa

UNIT III
Cloud for IOT: IOT with Cloud-Challenges, Cloud service providers for IOT-Overview, Cloud service
model, Cloud Computing – Security aspects, Case Study, Fog computing, Edge computing

UNIT IV
Hardware Platforms: Programming with Arduino-Features of Arduino, Components of Arduino Board,
Arduino IDE, Program Elements, Raspberry Pi – Introduction, Architecture, PIN Configuration,
Implementation of IOT with Raspberry Pi

UNIT V
IOT Applications: Smart Homes-Smart Home Origin, Technologies, Implementation, Smart Grids-
Characteristics, Benefits, Architecture, Components, Smart Cities-Characteristics, Frameworks,
Challenges, Industrial IOT-Requirements, Design Considerations, Applications

Text Books
1. Internet of Things, Jeeva Jose, Khanna Publishing, 2018
2. Internet of Things, Abhishek S Nagarajan, RMD Sundaram, Shriram K Vasudevan, Wiley, 2019
189
3. IOT Fundamentals: Networking Technologies, Protocols and Use Cases for IOT, Rowan
Trollope, David Hanes, Patrick Gassetete, Jerome Henry, Pearson Education Limted, 2017

Reference Books
1. The Internet of Things, Michael Miller, Pearson Education Limited, 2015
IoT Applications, Security Threats, and Countermeasures, Padmalaya Nayak, Niranjan
Ray, P. Ravichandran, Taylor &Francis,2021
2. Internet of Things: Architecture, Implementation and Security, MayurRamgir, Pearson
Education Limited, 2019
3. IOT Fundamentals: Networking Technologies, Protocols and Use Cases for IOT, Rowan
Trollope, David Hanes, Patrick Gassetete, Jerome Henry, Pearson Education Limited, 2017

190
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SCRIPTING LANGUAGES
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course code: GR22A4085 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Analyze a problem, identify, and define the computing requirements appropriate to itssolution.
2. Design Web pages with DB.
3. Implement the PHP Authentication Methodologies.
4. Implement PHP Encryption functions and Mcrypt Package
5. Understand the syntax and functions in Perl and Python.

UNIT- I
PHP Basics
PHP Basics- Features, Embedding PHP Code in your Web pages, outputting the data to the browser, Data
types, Variables, Constants, expressions, string interpolation, control structures. Function, Creating a
Function, Function Libraries, Arrays, strings and Regular Expressions.

UNIT -II
MySQL Basics
Introduction to MYSQL: Database Concepts, General Overview of MySQL database, Installation.
Connecting and disconnecting from MySQl Server, Querying the database, Data Definition Language,
Functions and Logical operators, Access privilege system.

UNIT -III
Advanced PHP Programming
Advanced PHP Programming: PHP and Web Forms, Files, PHP Authentication and Methodologies -Hard
Coded, File Based, Database Based, IP Based, and Uploading Files with PHP, Sending Email using PHP,
PHP Encryption Functions, the Mcrypt package.

UNIT- IV
PERL: Names and Values, Variables, Scalar Expressions, Control Structures, arrays, list, hashes, strings,
pattern and regular expressions, subroutines.
Advanced PERL: Finer points of looping, pack and unpack, file system, data structures, packages, modules,
objects, interfacing to the operating system.

UNIT -V
Python: Introduction to Python language, Python-syntax, statements, functions, Built-in-functions and
Methods, Modules in Python, Exception Handling.

191
Text Books
1. The World of Scripting Languages, David Barron,Wiley India. Beginning PHP andMySQL, 3rd
Edition, Jason Gilmore, A press Publications (Dream tech.).
2. Python Web Programming, Steve Holden and David Beazley, New Riders Publications.

Reference Books
1. Open Source Web Development with LAMP using Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl and PHP, Lee
and B.Ware (Addison Wesley) Pearson Education.
2. Programming Python,M.Lutz,SPD.
3. PHP 6 Fast and Easy Web Development, Julie Meloni and Matt Telles, Cengage
4. Learning Publications.
5. PHP 5.1,I.Bayross and S.Shah,The X Team,SPD.
6. Core Python Programming,Chun,Pearson Education.
7. Guide to Programming with Python,M.Dawson,Cengage Learning.

192
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SERVICES SCIENCE AND SERVICE OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4134 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Pre-Requisite(s): Fundamentals of Management, Operations Research

Course Outcomes:
1. Understand concepts of services and their significance in the economy and society and distinguish it
from goods.
2. Understand the service strategy, design, and development.
3. Comprehend ways to design services and able to understand service guarantee, recovery, andfailures.
4. Forecast the service demand, supply and facilitate various methods to operate and manageservices.
5. Understand the service productivity and how innovation can be approached from servicespoint of view

UNIT I
Introduction: Service operations, Role of service in economy and society, Indian service sector
Nature of Services and Service Encounters: Differences between services and operations, Service
package, characteristics, various frameworks to design service operation system, Kind of service
encounter, importance of encounters
Service-Dominant Logic: From Goods-Dominant logic to Service-Dominant logic, Value Co- creation

UNIT II
Service Strategy and Competitiveness: Development of Strategic Service Vision (SSV), Data
Envelopment Analysis
New Service Development: NSD cycle, Service Blueprinting, Elements of service delivery system
Service Design: Customer Journey and Service Design, Design Thinking methods to aid Service Design
Locating facilities and designing their layout: models of facility locations (Huff's retail model), Role of
service-scape in layout design
Service Quality: SERVQUAL, Walk through Audit, Dimensions of Service quality & other quality
tools

UNIT III
Service Guarantee & Service Recovery: Service guarantee and its types; Service failure – reasons for
failure and service recovery strategies.

UNIT IV
Forecasting Demand for Services: A review of different types of forecasting methods for demand
forecasting.
Managing Capacity and Demand: Strategies for matching capacity and demand, Psychology of waiting,
Application of various tools used in managing waiting line in services.
Managing Facilitating Goods: Review of inventory models, Role of inventory in services
Managing service supply relationship: Understanding the supply chain/hub of service, Strategies for
managing suppliers of service

UNIT V
Service Innovation: Services Productivity, Need for Services Innovation
Student Project:
Option 1: Choose any service organization around and present it from the perspective of: nature of service,
classification of service, blueprint or service design analysis, service quality, and any additional
perspective you would like to add.
193
Option 2: Choose any latest research paper in services and explain your understanding and feedback on the
same.
Text Books
1. Fitzsimmons & Fitzsimmons, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, Information Technology,
McGraw Hill publications (7th Edition)

Reference Books
1. Wilson, A., Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., & Gremler, D. D. (2012). Services marketing:
Integrating customer focus across the firm. McGraw Hill.
2. Lovelock, C. (2011). Services Marketing, 7/e. Pearson Education India
3. Reason, Ben, and Lovlie, Lavrans, (2016) Service Design for Business: A Practical Guide to
Optimizing the Customer Experience, Pan Macmillan India,
4. Chesbrough, H. (2010). Open services innovation: Rethinking your business to grow and compete
in a new era. John Wiley & Sons.

194
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4135 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Learn the techniques to effectively plan manage, execute the projects.
2. Learn the techniques to control projects within time and cost targets with a focus on Information
Technology and Service Sector.
3. Learn various agile methodologies.
4. Apply agile project management techniques such as Scrum on real time applications.
5. Develop real time applications using agile project management techniques such asDevOps.

UNIT I
Project Overview and Feasibility Studies- Identification, Market and Demand Analysis, Project Cost
Estimate, Financial Appraisal
Project Scheduling: Project Scheduling, Introduction to PERT and CPM, Critical Path Calculation,
Precedence Relationship, Difference between PERT and CPM, Float Calculation and its importance, Cost
reduction by Crashing of activity.

UNIT II
Cost Control and Scheduling: Project Cost Control (PERT/Cost), Resource Scheduling & Resource
Leveling
Project Management Features: Risk Analysis, Project Control, Project Audit and Project Termination.

UNIT III
Agile Project Management: Introduction, Agile Principles, Agile methodologies, Relationship between
Agile Scrum, Lean, DevOps and IT Service Management (ITIL).
Other Agile Methodologies: Introduction to XP, FDD, DSDM, Crystal

UNIT IV
Scrum: Various terminologies used in Scrum (Sprint, product backlog, sprint backlog, sprint review, retro
perspective), various roles (Roles in Scrum), Best practices of Scrum.

UNIT V
DevOps: Overview and its Components, Containerization Using Docker, Managing Source Code and
Automating Builds, Automated Testing and Test-Driven Development, Continuous Integration,
Configuration Management, Continuous Deployment, Automated Monitoring.

Text Books
1. Mike Cohn, Succeeding with Agile: Software Development Using Scrum
2. Notes to be distributed by the course instructor on various topics.

Reference Books
1. Roman Pichler, Agile Product Management with Scrum
2. Ken Schwaber, Agile Project Management with Scrum (Microsoft Professional)

195
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
MARKETING RESEARCH AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4136 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. The students understand the significance of marketing management concepts, marketing environment,
consumer behavior elements and strategies related to STP.
2. The student will be able to understand various product management strategies and the importance of
branding and packing.
3. Comprehend the dynamics of marketing mix elements such as pricing, distribution, and promotion mix
elements to leverage marketing concepts for effective decision making.
4. Students will demonstrate analytical skills in identification and resolution of problems pertaining to
marketing management and marketing research and uses of various statistical tools in marketing
research.
5. Understanding the concepts of internet marketing and the fundamentals of business-to- business
marketing strategy, CRM strategies.

UNIT I
Marketing Concepts and Applications: Introduction to Marketing & Core Concepts, Marketing of
Services, Importance of marketing in service sector.
Marketing Planning & Environment: Elements of Marketing Mix, Analyzing needs & trends in
Environment - Macro, Economic, Political, Technical & Social
Understanding the consumer: Determinants of consumer behavior, Factors influencing consumer
behavior
Market Segmentation: Meaning & Concept, Basis of segmentation, selection of segments, Market
Segmentation strategies, Target Marketing, Product Positioning

UNIT II
Product Management: Product Life cycle concept, New Product development & strategy, Stages in New
Product development, Product decision and strategies, Branding & packaging

UNIT III
Pricing, Promotion and Distribution Strategy: Policies & Practices – Pricing Methods & Price
determination Policies. Marketing Communication – The promotion mix, Advertising & Publicity, 5 M’s of
Advertising Management. Marketing Channels, Retailing, Marketing Communication, Advertising

UNIT IV
Marketing Research: Introduction, Type of Market Research, Scope, Objectives & Limitations Marketing
Research Techniques, Survey Questionnaire design & drafting, Pricing Research, Media Research,
Qualitative Research
Data Analysis: Use of various statistical tools – Descriptive & Inference Statistics, Statistical Hypothesis
Testing, Multivariate Analysis - Discriminant Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Segmenting and Positioning,
Factor Analysis

UNIT V
Internet Marketing: Introduction to Internet Marketing. Mapping fundamental concepts of Marketing
(7Ps, STP); Strategy and Planning for Internet Marketing
Business to Business Marketing: Fundamental of business markets. Organizational buying process.

196
Business buyer needs. Market and sales potential. Product in business markets. Price in business markets.
Place in business markets. Promotion in business markets. Relationships, networks, and customer
relationship management. Business to Business marketing strategy

Home Assignments:
Written Analyses of Cases – Students are expected to report on their analysis and recommendations of what
to do in specific business situations by applying concepts and principles learned in class (Case Studies to
be shared by Faculty) e.g., “Marketing Myopia”
1. Field visit & live project covering steps involved in formulating Market Research Project
2. Measuring Internet Marketing Effectiveness: Metrics and Website Analytics

Text Books
1. Marketing Management (Analysis, Planning, Implementation & Control) – Philip Kotler
2. Fundamentals of Marketing – William J. Stanton & Others
3. Marketing Management – V.S. Ramaswamy and S. Namakumari
4. Marketing Research – Rajendra Nargundkar
5. Market Research – G.C. Beri
6. Market Research, Concepts, & Cases – Cooper Schindl

197
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3056 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Prerequisites:
Knowledge of Python programming, Linear algebra, Statistics, Probability and Calculus

Course Outcomes
1. Learn Numpy, Pandas for mathematical computation and Data Analysis
2. Analyze the importance of pre-processing techniques for Data Science
3. Learn and analyze various prediction and classification techniques on various datasets
4. Learn and analyze the applications of clustering techniques
5. Analyze Text data and Web scrapping data at morphological and syntactic and semantic levels u sing
NLP techniques

UNIT I
Introduction to Data Science, Components of Data Science, Application of Data Science
NumPy: Array, Matrix and associated operations, Linear algebra and related operations
Pandas: Series, Data Frames, Panels, Reading files, Exploratory data analysis, Data preparation,
Indexing, Slicing, Merging and Joining data. Working with MySQL databases
Data Pre-processing Techniques: Data Imputation, Data Encoding, Standardization and Normalization,
Dimensionality reduction, Feature Selection methods

UNIT II
Regression Analysis: Introduction to Regression, Simple linear regression, Multi-linear regression,
Evaluation metrics for regression
Classification Methods: Introduction to Classification, Naïve Bayes classifier, Decision Tree classifier,
Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, Ensemble methods, Random Forest, Bagging, Boosting,
Evaluation metrics for classification

UNIT III
Clustering Methods: Introduction to Clustering, Similarity distance measures, K-means algorithm,
Hierarchical clustering algorithm, DB Scan algorithm, Evaluation metrics for clustering.

UNIT IV
NLP Overview, Tokenization, Stemming, stop words removal, POS tagging, Lemmatization, Feature
extraction using SK learn, Text Classification, Text Clustering.

UNIT V
Learning Best Practices for Model Evaluation:
Pipelining, Hyperparameter Tuning, Debugging algorithms with learning and validation curves.

Text Books
1. Python Machine Learning, Second Edition by Sebastian Raschka Vahid Mirjalili Statistics and Machine
Learning in Python Edouard Duchesnay,

198
Reference Books
1. Data Science from Scratch: First Principles with Python, Second Edition (Greyscale Indian Edition)
Paperback – 5 May 2019 by Joel Grus (Author)
2. Practical Data Science with Python: Learn tools and techniques from hands-on examples to extract
insights from data by Nathan George (Author)
3. HANDS ON INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE Hardcover – 2 April 2020 by Chirag Shah
(Author)
4. Essential Math for Data Science: Take Control of Your Data with Fundamental Linear Algebra,
Probability, and Statistics by Thomas Nield (Author)

199
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
USER-CENTRIC HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3127 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Learn the concepts of interaction design and how it relates to human computer interaction and other
fields.
2. Design how technologies can be to change people’s attitudes and behavior.
3. Apply the difference between qualitative and quantitative data and analysis.
4. Extract the social Mechanisms that are used by people to communicate and collaborate.
5. Explore the user Experience design and analyze the factors involved in design

UNIT I
Introduction: Introduction to User Centric Computing (UCC) and history, Issues and challenges, Latest
research trends, User-Centric Design and Software Engineering.

UNIT II
Engineering User-Centric Systems: Components of SDLC - Contextual Inquiry, - Design Guidelines,
Prototyping.

UNIT III
User-Centric Computing: The UCC framework with illustrative case study, User-Centric models-
descriptive, predictive models and taxonomy, Introduction to GOMS family of models
Computational user models (classical), Keystroke-Level Model (KLM), (CMN)GOMS Model, The
Fitts’ Law, The Hick-Hyman Law.

UNIT IV
Computational user models(contemporary): 2D and 3D pointing models, The steering Law and
constrained navigation, Model for hierarchical menu selection, Mobile typing models(single finger and
two thumb typing), Model for touch performance(FFitts’ law),
Formal system models: Introduction to formal models in UCD, Formal modelling of user-computer
dialogue.

UNIT V
Empirical Research Methods: Introduction and research question formulation, Variables determination
and experiment design, Data Analysis including model building.
User-Centric Design Evaluation: Introduction to User-Centric design evaluation and expert evaluation
technique, User evaluation and model-based evaluation.

Text Books
1. Samit Bhattacharya (July, 2019). Human-Computer Interaction: User-Centric Computing for Design,
McGraw-Hill India, Print Edition: ISBN-13: 978-93-5316-804-9; ISBN-10: 93-5316-804-X, E-book
Edition: ISBN-13: 978-93-5316-805-6; ISBN-10: 93-5316-805-8
2. Alan Dix, Janet E. Finlay, Gregory D. Abowd and Russel Beale. (2003). Human-Computer Interaction (3rd

200
 Edition), Pearson.
Reference Books
1. Ben Shneiderman, Catherine Plaisant, Maxine Cohen and Steven Jacobs. (2009). Designing the User
Interfaces: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction (5th Edison), Pearson
Website Links:
https://paragnachaliya.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/HCI_Alan_Dix.pdf

201
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJUINSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DESIGN PATTERNS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4063 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Ability to analyze and apply different design patterns for real life scenarios.
2. Ability to solve Object oriented design problems with a case study of designing a Document Editor.
3. Illustrates the skill apply creational design patterns.
4. Demonstrates the ability to apply different structural design patterns.
5. Analyze and apply different behavioral design patterns.

UNIT I
Introduction: What Is a Design Pattern? Design Patterns in Smalltalk MVC, Describing Design Patterns,
The Catalog of Design Patterns, Organizing the Catalog, How Design Patterns solve Design Problems,
How to Select a Design Pattern, How to Use a Design Pattern.

UNIT II
A Case Study: Designing a Document Editor: Design Problems, Document Structure, Formatting,
Embellishing the User Interface, Supporting Multiple Look-and-Feel Standards, Supporting Multiple
Window Systems, User Operations Spelling Checking and Hyphenation, Summary.

UNIT III
Creational Patterns: Abstract Factory, Builder, Factory Method, Prototype, Singleton, Discussion of
Creational Patterns.
Structural Pattern Part-I: Adapter, Bridge, Composite.

UNIT IV
Structural Pattern Part-II: Decorator, Façade, Flyweight, Proxy.
Behavioral Patterns Part-I: Chain of Responsibility, Command, Interpreter, Iterator.

UNIT V
Behavioral Patterns Part-II: Mediator, Memento, Observer, State, Strategy, Template Method Visitor,
Discussion of Behavioral Patterns. What to Expect from Design Patterns, A Brief History, The Pattern
Community an Invitation, A Parting Thought.

Text Books:
1. Design Patterns by Erich Gamma, Pearson Education.

Reference Books
1. Pattern’s in JAVA Vol-I by Mark Grand,Wiley DreamTech.
2. Pattern’s in JAVA Vol-II by Mark Grand,Wiley DreamTech.
3. JAVA Enterprise Design Patterns Vol-III by Mark Grand,Wiley DreamTech.

202
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code:GR22A3019 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Illustrate the concepts of solar radiation at different instants.
2. Analyze the performance characteristics of PV modules.
3. Compare the performance of wind energy at various circumstances.
4. Make use of various sustainable energy resources for power generation.
5. Explain operation and performance of Wave energy, Fuel cells and Batteries.

UNIT I
Solar spectrum-Solar Radiation on Earth’s surface- Solar radiation geometry-Solar radiation
measurements-Solar radiation data-Solar radiation on horizontal and tilted surfaces. Solar Thermal
Conversion-Flat plate collectors concentrated collectors- construction and thermal analysis- Solar
Applications-Solar Ponds-Heliostat systems-water heater-air heater- solar still.

UNIT II
Photovoltaic Cells - Equivalent Circuit - V-I Characteristics- Photovoltaic Modules – Constructional
details - Design considerations – Tracking - Maximum power point tracking – Algorithms - PV solar
system design with energy backup - Solar Thermo electric conversion.

UNIT III
Fundamentals of wind energy-power available in wind-BetzLimit- Aerodynamics of wind turbine-Wind
Turbines-Horizontal and vertical axis turbines – their configurations-Wind Energy conversion systems.

UNIT IV
Various fuels-Sources-Conversion Technologies-Wet Processes–Dry Processes-Biogas generation–
Aerobic and an aerobic digestion- Factors affecting generation of bio gas – Classification of bio gas
plants-Different Indian digesters-Digester design considerations- Gasification process-Gasifiers –
Applications. Geo-thermal Energy-sources-Hydrothermal Convective-Geo-pressure resources-Petro-
thermal systems (HDR)-Magma Resources-Prime Movers.

UNIT V
Principle of operation-Open and closed cycles, Energy from Tides-Principle of Tidal Power- Components
of tidal Power Plants-Operation Methods-Estimation of Energy in Single and double basin systems-
Energy and Power from Waves-Wave energy conversion devices-Fuel Cells-Design and Principle of
operation-Types of Fuel Cells-Advantages and disadvantages- Types of Electrodes- Applications-Basics
of Batteries –Constructional details of Lead acid batteries- Ni-Cd Batteries.

203
Text Books
1. G.D. Rai, Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Khanna publishers.
2. D.P.Kothari, Singal, Rakesh, Ranjan, Renewable Energy sources and Emerging Technologies, PHI,
2009.

Reference Books
1. B.H.Khan, Non-Conventional Energy Sources, PHI Publications.
2. John Twidell & Wier, Renewable Energy Resources, CRC Press, 2009.
3. T. Ackermann, “Wind Power in Power Systems”, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2005.

204
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CONCEPTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3095 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Infer the basic concept control systems.
2. Develop the mathematical model of the systems.
3. Analyze the time domain specifications and steady state error.
4. Outline the concept of stability of the system.
5. Solve the frequency response analysis.

UNIT I
BASIC CONCEPTS OF CONTROL SYSTEM
Terminology - plant, process, system, disturbances, controlled variable, manipulated variable etc., Block
diagram of basic control system, application areas with examples. Classifications of control systems

UNIT II
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF SYSTEMS
Translational and rotational mechanical systems, electrical systems, Force voltage and force current
analogy, Block diagram and signal flow graph representation of physical systems along with rules,
properties, comparison and limitation, Mason’s gain formula.

UNIT III
TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Standard test signals along with examples of their usage, steady state errors for step, ramp and parabolic
inputs, analysis of first and second order systems, Transient response specifications with numerical
examples, Basic control actions and two position, proportional, P, PI, PID controllers, Limitations of time
domain analysis.

UNIT IV
STABILITY
Concept of stability, types of stability, Routh‘s stability criterion, special cases with numerical examples,
stability of closed loop system, concept of root locus, open loop and closed loop transfer poles, step by
step procedure for root loci, numerical examples.

UNIT V
FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Need of frequency response analysis, Sinusoidal response of linear system, methods used in frequency
response, Bode Plot, Frequency domain specifications.

Text Books
1. I J Nagrath, M.Gopal, Control System Engineering, New Age International Publishers, 5th edition.
2. Norman S Nise, Control system engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 6th edition

Reference Books
1. Richard C. Dorf, Robert H Bishop, Modern control systems, Pearson Education International, Twelfth
edition.
2. A Nagoor Kani, Control Systems, CBS Publishers.

205
 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4022 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Outline importance of BNN, ANN and its learning techniques and architectures.
2. Summarize the algorithms for various applications using Back propagation networks.
3. Interpret the concept of Fuzzy and Crisp sets.
4. Model Fuzzy membership Function and rules for Applications.
5. Analyze the parameters of Genetic Algorithm.

UNIT I
NEURAL NETWORKS I (Introduction & Architecture)
Neuron, Nerve structure and synapse, Biological Neural network, Artificial Neuron and its model,
activation functions, Neural network architecture: single layer and multilayer feed forward networks,
recurrent networks. Various learning techniques.

UNIT II
NEURAL NETWORKS II (Back Propagation Networks)
Architecture: perceptron model, solution, single layer artificial neural network, multilayer perception
model; back propagation learning methods, effect of learning rule co-efficient; back propagation
algorithm, factors affecting back propagation training, application of Neural Networks in Load
Forecasting.

UNIT III
FUZZY LOGIC I (Introduction)
Basic concepts of fuzzy logic, Fuzzy sets and Crisp sets, Fuzzy set theory and operations, Properties of
fuzzy sets, Fuzzy and Crisp relations, Fuzzy to Crisp conversion.
UNIT IV
FUZZY LOGIC II (Fuzzy Membership, Rules)
Membership functions, interference in fuzzy logic, fuzzy if-then rules, Fuzzy implications and
Fuzzy algorithms, Fuzzifications & Defuzzification’s, Fuzzy Controller, application of Fuzzy logic control
in washing machines.
UNIT V
GENETIC ALGORITHMS (GA)
Basic concepts, working principle, procedures of GA, flow chart of GA, Genetic representations,
(encoding) Initialization and selection, Genetic operators, Mutation, Generational Cycle, application of
genetic algorithm in economic load dispatch.
Text Books
1. J M Zurada , “An Introduction to ANN”,Jaico Publishing House.
2. Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, And Genetic Algorithms: Synthesis and Applications - by S.
Rajasekaran, G. A. Vijayalakshmi PAI, PHI publishers.
Reference Books
1. Hung T. Nguyen, Nadipuram R. Prasad, Carol L. Walker and Elbert A. Walker, “A First Course in
Fuzzy and Neural Control” Chapman & Hall, CRC.
2. Driankov, Dimitra, “An Introduction to Fuzzy Control”, Narosa Publication.
3. Timothy J Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engg. Applications”, McGraw. Hill.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3040 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes:
1. Apply concepts of modulation, frequency translation, gain and attenuation in communication systems.
2. Analyze the power spectrum characteristics of different modulation techniques.
3. Understand the role of multiplexing techniques in optimizing bandwidth utilization of Communication
Systems.
4. Evaluate the suitability of specific digital modulation techniques for different communication
applications.
5. Critically perform error analysis of each modulation scheme.

UNIT - I: Basics of Communication Systems

Definition and scope of communication systems, Types of communication systems: Analog and Digital,
Block diagram of a communication system, Need for Modulation, Frequency translation, Electromagnetic
spectrum, Gain, Attenuation and decibels.

UNIT - II: Analog Modulation

Amplitude Modulation (AM), Frequency Modulation (FM), Phase Modulation (PM) and its variants,
Power Spectrum of different modulations, Comparison of modulation techniques.

UNIT - III: Pulse Analog Modulation

Ideal sampling, Sampling theorem, aliasing, interpolation, natural and flat top sampling in time and
frequency domains. Introduction to PAM, PWM, PPM modulation schemes. Frequency Division
Multiplexing (FDM) and Time division multiplexing (TDM).

UNIT – IV: Digital Modulation

Basics of digital modulation, Advantages of digital modulation over analog modulation, Types of digital
modulation: ASK, FSK, PSK, QAM, Comparison of digital modulation techniques

UNIT - V: Performance Analysis of Analog and Digital Modulation

Sources of Noise in Communication Systems, Super heterodyne Receiver, Figure of Merit, Noise Figure.
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Eb/N0 ratio, Bit Error Rate (BER) and its significance, Error
performance analysis for different modulation schemes, Channel capacity and bandwidth efficiency.
Text Books
1. An Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications, 2 nd Edition, Simon Haykin, Michael Moher,
John Wiley, March 2006.
2. Communication Systems by Simon Haykin, Second Edition, Wiley Student Edition, 2007.
3. Digital Communications by John G. Proakis and Masoud Salehi, 5e, McGraw Hill Publications, 2014.

Reference Books
1. Introduction to Data Communications and Networking, Wayne Tomasi, Pearson Education, 2005.
2. Digital & Analog Communication Systems By K.S. Shanmugam, John Wiley

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SENSOR TECHNOLOGY
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3113 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Demonstrate the concept of resistive sensors which can be employed for real life applications.
2. Realize the concept of reactive sensors and understand the implications while deploying them in
practice.
3. Understand the working principle of special purpose sensors and the need for developing smart sensors.
4. Comprehend the design and development of various wearable sensors for use in healthcare applications.
5. Able to design and perform experiments on the sensors and develop the projects based on the customer
needs.

UNIT-I
General concepts and terminology of Sensor systems, Transducers classification-sensors and actuators,
General input-output configurations, Static and dynamic characteristics of measurement system.

UNIT-II
Resistive sensors- Potentiometers, strain gages (piezo-resistive effect), resistive temperature detectors
(RTD), thermistors, light dependent resistor (LDR), resistive hygrometers, resistive gas sensors.

UNIT-III
Inductive sensors - variable reluctance sensors, Hall effect, Eddy current sensors, Linear variable
differential transformers (LVDT), variable transformers, magneto-elastic, magneto-resistive, and magneto
strictive sensors. Capacitive sensors- variable capacitor, differential capacitor.

UNIT-IV
Accelerometers: Characteristics and working principle, Types- Capacitive, Piezoresistive, piezoelectric;
Gyroscopes: Characteristics and working principle, Rotor Gyroscope; Diaphragm Pressure Sensor –
resistive & capacitive type (micro press sensor).

UNIT-V
Overview of various smart sensors: Digital temperature sensor (DS1621, TMP36GZ), Humidity sensor
(DHT11, DHT22), Gas sensor (MQ2, MQ8), Pressure sensors (BMP180), Accelerometers (ADXL335);
Structural health monitoring sensors, Introduction to MEMS and Flexible sensors.

Text Books
1. B. C. Nakra, K.K. Choudhury, “Instrumentation, Measurement and Analysis” -3rd Edition, Tata
McGraw, 2009
2. Jacob Fraden, “Hand Book of Modern Sensors: physics, Designs and Applications”, 3 rd Edition
Springer, 2010.

Reference Books
1. A.K. Sawhney, “Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation”, DhanpatRai.
2. Er. R.K. Rajput, “Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation”, S. Chand & Company Ltd. 3rd
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 Edition.
3. Bentley, John P., “Principles of Measurement Systems”, 4th edition, Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005
4. Jon. S. Wilson, “Sensor Technology Hand Book”, Elsevier Inc., 2005.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A4045 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Analyze the properties of basic Modulation techniques and apply them to Digital Communication
2. Apply error probability concepts to evaluate the performance of spread spectrum systems.
3. Understand the principle concepts of telecommunication systems and networking
4. Analyze link budgets for satellite communication, considering factors such as path loss, atmospheric
effects, and antenna gain.
5. Evaluate the suitability of various technologies in cellular, mobile and wireless communication
scenarios.

UNIT- I: Review of Digital Communication System

Review of fundamental concepts and parameters in Digital Communication. Digital modulation schemes,
Power spectra of digital modulation signals.

UNIT- II: Spread-Spectrum Modulation

Introduction, Pseudo-Noise sequences, direct- sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) with coherent BPSK,
processing gain, probability of error, frequency-hop spread spectrum (FHSS). Application of spread
spectrum: CDMA.

UNIT- III: Telecommunication Systems: Telephones Telephone system, Paging systems, Internet
Telephony. Networking and Local Area Networks: Network fundamentals, LAN hardware, Ethernet
LANs, Token Ring LAN.

UNIT- IV
Satellite Communication: Satellite Orbits, satellite communication systems, satellite subsystems, Ground
Stations Satellite Applications, Global Positioning systems.
Optical Communication: Optical Principles, Optical Communication Systems, Fiber –Optic Cables,
Optical Transmitters & Receivers, Wavelength Division Multiplexing.

UNIT-V:
Cellular and Mobile Communications: Cellular telephone systems, AMPS, GSM, CDMA, and
WCDMA.
Wireless Technologies: Wireless LAN, PANs and Bluetooth, ZigBee and Mesh Wireless Networks,
Wimax and MANs, Infrared wireless, RFID communication, UWB.

Text Books:
1. Introduction to Data Communications and Networking, Wayne Tomasi, Pearson Education, 2005.
2. Simon Haykin and Michael Moher, “Modern Wireless Communications,” Pearson Education, 2005.
3. Marvin K. Simon, Sami M. Hinedi and W. C. Lindsay, “Digital Communication Techniques,” Eastern
Economy Edition, 2010.

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Reference Books
1. Principles of communication systems By Taub Schilling, T.M.H
2. Andrew J Viterbi, “CDMA principles spread spectrum communications,” Adison Wesley, 1995.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND CONTROL
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3030 L/T/P/C:3/0/0/3

Prerequisites: Manufacturing Technology

Course Outcomes:
1. Explain the major automation theories, approaches and methodologies used in manufacturing.
2. Apply the knowledge for implementing the automated flow lines.
3. Employ the assembly systems and line balancing for automation.
4. Implement the knowledge of material handling and storage systems in current industries.
5. Design adaptive control system for automated manufacturing.

UNIT I
Introduction: Introduction to automation, principles, reasons, types and strategies of automation,
pneumatic and hydraulic components circuits, Automation in machine tools. Mechanical feeding, tool
changing, and machine tool control transfer the automaton.

UNIT II
Automated flow lines: Methods of work part transport transfer, Mechanical buffer storage control
function, design and fabrication consideration. Analysis of Automated flow lines: General terminology
and analysis of transfer lines without and with buffer storage, partial automation, implementation of
automated flow lines.

UNIT III
Assembly system and line balancing: Assembly process and systems assembly line, line balancing
methods, ways of improving line balance, flexible assembly lines.

UNIT IV
Automated material handling and storage systems: Types of equipment, functions, analysis and
design of material handling systems, conveyor systems, automated guided vehicle systems. Automated
storage and retrieval systems; work in process storage, interfacing handling and storage with
manufacturing.

UNIT V
Adaptive control systems: Introduction, adaptive control with optimization, adaptive control with
constraints, application of adaptive control in machining operations. Consideration of various
parameters such as cutting force, temperatures, vibration and acoustic emission in the adaptive controls
systems.

Text Books
1. Mikell P.Groover, Automation, Production Systems, and Computer- integrated Manufacturing,
prentice Hall, 2014
2. Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid, Manufacturing – Engineering and Technology, 7th
edition, Pearson, 2013
212
Reference Books
1. Automation, Production Systems, and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing. (2016). India: Pearson
India.
2. Bolz, R. W. (2012). Manufacturing Automation Management: A Productivity Handbook. United
States: Springer US.
3. Boucher, T. O. (2012). Computer Automation in Manufacturing: An Introduction. Switzerland:
Springer US.
4. Altintas, Y. (2012). Manufacturing Automation: Metal Cutting Mechanics, Machine Tool
Vibrations, and CNC Design. United States: Cambridge University Press.
5. Morriss, S. B. (1995). Automated manufacturing systems. United Kingdom: Glencoe.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3105 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Prerequisites: Material Engineering

Course Outcomes
1. Identify the types of composite materials and their characteristic features.
2. Explain the methods employed in composite fabrication.
3. Differentiate the strengthening mechanisms of composite and its corresponding effect on
performance.
4. Analyze the various criterions for isotropic, anisotropic, and composite materials, prediction of
laminates failure.
5. Examine experimental techniques utilized for failure mode of composites.

UNIT I
Definition and applications of composite materials, Fibers- glass, carbon, ceramic and aramid fibers;
Matrices- polymer, graphite, ceramic and metal matrices; characteristics of fibers and matrices.
Lamina- assumptions, macroscopic viewpoint, generalized Hooke’s law, reduction of homogeneous
orthotropic lamina, isotropic limit case, orthotropic stiffness matrix, commercial material properties,
rule of mixtures, transformation matrix, transformed stiffness.

UNIT II
Manufacturing of composite materials, bag moulding, compression moulding, pultrusion, filament
welding, other manufacturing processes

UNIT III
Basic assumptions of laminated anisotropic plates, symmetric laminates, angle ply laminates, cross
ply laminates, laminate structural moduli, evaluation of lamina properties, determination of lamina
stresses, maximum stress and strain criteria.

UNIT IV
Von Mises Yield criterion for isotropic materials, generalized Hill’s criterion for anisotropic materials,
Tsai- Hill’s criterion for composites, prediction of laminate failure, thermal analysis of composite
laminates.

UNIT V
Analysis of laminated plates- equilibrium equations of motion, energy formulation, static bending
analysis, buckling analysis, free vibrations, natural frequencies.

Text Books
1. Gibson R.F. Principles of Composite Material Mechanics, second edition, McGraw Hill,1994.
2. Hyer M.W., Stress Analysis of Fiber- Reinforced Composite Materials, McGraw Hill,1998.

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Reference Books
1. Clyne, T. W. and Withers, P. J., “Introduction to Metal Matrix Composites”, Cambridge University
Press, 1993.
2. Strong, A.B., “Fundamentals of Composite Manufacturing”, SME, 1989.
3. Sharma, S.C., “Composite materials”, Narosa Publications, 2000.
4. Broutman, L.J. and Krock,R.M., “ Modern Composite Materials”, Addison-Wesley, 1967.
5. Introduction to Composite Materials Design by Ever J. Barbero 3rd Edition 2017

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3018 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Course Outcomes
1. Apply the various linear programming techniques for optimal allocation of limited resources such as
machine, material, and money.
2. Solve transportation problems to minimize cost and understand the principles of assignment of jobs
and recruitment policies.
3. Solve sequencing problems and distinguish various inventory models and develop proper inventory
policies.
4. Apply game theory to analyze various business competitions and analyze the various waiting line-
oriented situations.
5. Develop optimum replacement policy and Dynamic Programming Techniques.

UNIT I
Introduction: Development – Definition– Characteristics and Phases of operations Research– Types of
models – operation Research models– applications.
Allocation: Linear Programming Problem Formulation – Graphical solution – Simplex method –
Artificial variables techniques -Two–phase method, Big-M method – Duality Principle.

UNIT II
Transportation models: Formulation – Methods for finding feasible solutions; North west corner rule,
least cost entry method, Vogel’s approximation method. Optimal solution; MODI method. Unbalanced
transportation problem and Degeneracy.
Assignment models - Formulation – Optimal solution - Variants of Assignment Problem

UNIT III
Sequencing: Introduction – Flow –Shop sequencing – n jobs through two machines – n jobs through
three machines – Job shop sequencing – two jobs through ‘m’ machines.
Inventory: Introduction – Single item – Deterministic models – Purchase inventory modelwith one
price break and multiple price breaks – shortages are not allowed – Stochastic models – demand may be
a discrete variable or continuous variable – Instantaneous production. Instantaneous demand and
continuous demand and no set up cost.

UNIT IV
Theory of games: Introduction – Minimax (maximin) – Criterion and optimal strategy – Solution of
games with saddle points – Rectangular games without saddle points – 2 X 2 games – dominance
principle– m X 2 and 2 X n games -graphical method.
Waiting lines: Introduction – Single Channel – Poisson arrivals – exponential service times – with
infinite population and finite population models– Multichannel – Poisson arrivals – exponential service
times with infinite population single channel Poisson arrivals.

UNIT V
Replacement: Introduction – Replacement of items that deteriorate with time – when money value is
not counted and counted – Replacement of items that fail completely, group replacement.

216
Dynamic programming: Introduction – Bellman’s Principle of optimality – Applications of dynamic
programming- capital budgeting problem – shortest path problem – linear programming problem.

Text Books
1. Operations Research - Prem Kumar Gupta and D S Hira/ S Chand Publishing/ 2015
2. Operations Research / S. D.Sharma / KedarNath RamNath Publication/2020

Reference Books
1. Operations Research / R.Panneerselvam, 3rd Edition/PHI Publications/ 2023
2. Operations Research An Introduction - Hamdy A Taha/8 th Edition/ Prentice Hall/2006
3. Principles of Operations Research: With Applications to Managerial Decisions - Harvey M.
Wagner/Prentice-Hall Operations Research/2020
4. Operations Research - Kanthi Swarup, P.K. Gupta, Man Mohan Sultan Chand & Sons/ 2019
5. Operations Research / A.M.Natarajan, P.Balasubramani,A. Tamilarasi / Pearson Education/2006

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENGINEERING MATERIALS FOR SUSTAINABILITY
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code: GR22A3009 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Pre-requisites: Building materials and construction planning, Concrete Technology

Course Outcomes:
1. Describe the different types of environmental factors effecting materials
2. Report the work in sustainability for research and education
3. Illustrating the broad perspective in thinking for sustainable practices
4. Perform cost/benefit analysis and life-cycle analysis of green buildings.
5. Identify and compare cost and performance of building materials

UNIT I
Sustainability – Introduction, Need and concept of sustainability, Social- environmental and economic
sustainability concepts. Sustainable development, Nexus between Technology and Sustainable
development, Challenges for Sustainable Development. Multilateral environmental agreements and
Protocols – Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Environmental legislations in India – Water Act, Air
Act

UNIT II
Air Pollution, effects of Air Pollution; Water pollution-sources, Sustainable wastewater treatment, Solid
waste-sources, impacts of solid waste, zero waste concept, 3R concept, Global environmental issues-
Resource degradation, climatic change, Global warming, Ozone layer depletion, Regional and Local
Environmental issues. Carbon credits and carbon trading, carbon foot print.

UNIT III
Green Building Materials, Basic concepts of sustainable habitat, green buildings, green materials for
building construction, material selection for sustainable design, green building certification, Methods for
increasing energy efficiency of buildings. Sustainably managed Materials, Depleting natural resources of
building materials; renewable and recyclable resources; energy efficient materials; non-renewable Energy
of Materials

UNIT IV
Green cement, Biodegradable materials, Smart materials, Manufactured Materials, Volatile Organic
Compounds like acetone, formaldehyde, BTEX substances, Natural Non-Petroleum Based Materials,
Recycled materials, Renewable and Indigenous Building Materials, Engineering evaluation of these
materials.

UNIT V
Green Building Planning and Specifications, Environment friendly and cost effective Building
Technologies, Integrated Life cycle design of Materials and Structures, Green Strategies for Building
Systems, Alternative Construction Methods, Energy Conservation Measures in Buildings, Waste &Water
management and Recycling in Sustainable Facilities, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Passive
Solar & Daylight, Plumbing and its Effect on Energy Consumption.

218
Text Books
1. Alternative Building Materials and Technologies (2007) – K S Jagadeesh, B V Venkata Rama Reddy &
K S Nanjunda Rao – New Age International Publishers
2. Integrated Life Cycle Design of Structures (2002)– AskoSarja – SPON Press
3. Non-conventional Energy Resources (2012) – D S Chauhan and S K Srivastava – New AgeInternational
Publishers

Reference Books
1. Green Buildings (2007) McGraw hill publication by Gevorkian
2. Emerald Architecture (2008) case studies in green buildings, The Magazine of Sustainable Design
3. Understanding Green Building Guideline (2010): For Students and Young Professionals, Traci Rose
Rider, W. W. Norton & Company Publisher.
4. Understanding Green Building Materials (2011) Traci Rose Rider, W. W. Norton & Company
Publisher.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SCIENCE
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code:GR22A3086 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Pre-Requisites: Surveying and Geomatics

Course Outcomes:
1. Interpret the fundamental concepts of Geographic Information Science and Technology along with
different data structures.
2. Demonstrate Map creation and design principles, including thematic map display, employment of map
projections and cartographic design.
3. Analyze the types of digital maps for different themes.
4. Apply the spatial analysis to remote sensing data to generate thematic maps.
5. Solve the real-life problems associated with geospatial and remote sensing.

UNIT I
Fundamentals of GIS – Information Systems, Modelling Real World Features Data, Data Formats,
Applications of GIS, – Spatial and Non-spatial, Components, Data Collection and Input, Data Conversion,
Database Management – Database Structures, Files; Standard Data Formats, Compression Techniques,
Hardware – Computing, printing and scanning systems; Software – Standard Packages like Arc view,
ArcGIS (commercial) & Auto-CAD Map, Map Info etc. QGISopen software- Salient features.

UNIT II
Topology – Types of Errors, Editing and Error Rectification, Types of Topology, Modeling topological
Relationships, Tolerances.

UNIT III
Map – mapping concepts, analysis with paper-based maps, limitations, Computer Automated
Cartography– History and Developments, GIS- Definition, advantages of digital maps.

UNIT IV
Spatial Analysis and Modelling – Proximity Analysis, Overlay Analysis, Buffer Analysis, Network
Analysis, Spatial Auto Correlation, Gravity Modelling, DTM/DEM, Integration with Remote Sensing
data

UNIT V
GIS Project Planning and Implementation – Under Standing the Requirements, Phases of Planning,
Specifications, Data Procurement, Tendering, Human Resources, Back Up, Monitoring Progress

Text Books
1. Concepts & Techniques of GIS by C. P. Lo Albert, K. W. Yonng, Prentice Hall (India)
Publications, 2 nd edition, 2016.
2. Fundamental of GIS by Mechanical designs John Wiley &Sons, 4th edition, 2008.
3. Principals of Geographic Information Systems – Peter Beur and Rachael A.Mc Donnell, Oxford
Publishers 2016.

Reference Books
1. Remote Sensing and Geographical Information systems by M. Anji Reddy JNTU Hyderabad.4th Edition
2014, B. S. Publications.

220
2. Introduction to Geographic Information Systems by Kang-tsung Chang, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Company Limited- 2008.
3. Remote sensing of the environment –An earth resource perspective by John R Jensen, Prentice Hall 4.
GIS by Kang – tsung chang, TMH Publications & Co., 2nd edition, 2013.
4. Basics of Remote sensing & GIS by S.Kumar, Laxmi Publications, 1st edition,2016.
5. Remote Sensing and its applications by LRA Narayana, University Press 1999.
6. Remote sensing and image interpretation by Thomas Lillesand, 7th Edition, John Wiley & sons,6th
Edition 2011.
7. Fundamentals of Geographic Information systems by Michael N. Demers, 4th Edition, Wiley
Publishers, 2012.

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 GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
(OPEN ELECTIVE)

Course Code:GR22A4011 L/T/P/C: 3/0/0/3

Pre-Requisites: Environmental science

Course Outcomes:
1. Identify, predict, and evaluate the environmental effects of proposed actions and projects.
2. Explain the appropriate methodologies for environmental impact prediction and assessment.
3. Analyze the importance of Public Participation, Fault Tree Analysis and Consequence analysis in EIA.
4. Understand the activities in environmental auditing.
5. Plan EIA for developmental projects.

UNIT I
Introduction: Concepts of EIA methodologies – Sustainable development- Need for Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) - Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) – Evolution of EIA: Screening and
scoping; Rapid EIA and Comprehensive EIA

UNIT II
Introduction to EIA, Criteria for the selection of EIA Methodology, General Framework for
Environmental Impact Assessment, Characterization and site assessment. Environmental Risk Analysis,
Definition of Risk, Matrix Method; Checklist method.

UNIT III
Prediction and Assessment: Public participation Fault tree analysis, Consequence Analysis;
Socioeconomic aspects, measures of the effectiveness of pollution control activities;

UNIT IV
Environmental Legislation: Introduction to Environmental Management Systems; Environmental
Statement - procedures; Environmental Audit: Cost-Benefit Analysis;

UNIT V
Life Cycle Assessment, Resource Balance, Energy Balance & Management Review - Operational
Control - Case Studies on EIA with reference to Indian Scenario.

Text Books
1. Y Anjaneyulu, and Valli Manikkam, Environmental Impact Assessment Methodologies, BSP Books
PVT Ltd., 2nd edition, 2011.
2. R.R. Barthwal, Environmental Impact Assessment, New Age International Private Limited, 2nd
edition, 2012.
3. Canter R.L., Environmental Impact Assessment, Mc Graw Hill International Edition, 2 nd
edition, 1997.
Reference Books
1. Kolluru Rao, Bartell Steven, Pitblado R and Stricoff “Risk Assessment and Management Hand book”,

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 McGraw Hill Inc., New York, 1996.
2. Judith Petts, Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment Vol. I &II, Blackwell Science,1999.
3. Cutter, S.L., "Environmental Risk and Hazards", Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1999.
4. Anji Reddy Mareddy, Environmental Impact Assessment: Theory and Practice, Butterworth-
Heinemann publisher, 1st Edition, 2017.
5. MoEF & CC, Govt. of India: EIA notification and subsequent amendments

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