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GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2_PERFORMANCE TASK 2 copy 2 copy

The document outlines an experiment to investigate how the concentration of solutes like salt and sugar affects the boiling and freezing points of water. It includes objectives, materials, procedures for boiling and freezing point determination, and data tables for recording results. The findings indicate that adding solutes raises the boiling point and lowers the freezing point of water, with practical applications in everyday situations.

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2 views

GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2_PERFORMANCE TASK 2 copy 2 copy

The document outlines an experiment to investigate how the concentration of solutes like salt and sugar affects the boiling and freezing points of water. It includes objectives, materials, procedures for boiling and freezing point determination, and data tables for recording results. The findings indicate that adding solutes raises the boiling point and lowers the freezing point of water, with practical applications in everyday situations.

Uploaded by

matthewbarawidan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2 | PERFORMANCE TASK 2

CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTIONS
NAME: Matthew Jherome David Barawidan DATE: 02/09/25
STRAND/GRADE/SECTION: STEM-11 C SCORE: ___________
I. Introduction
The boiling and freezing points of a liquid can be influenced by the substances dissolved in it. In
this experiment, you will explore how the concentration of a solute, such as salt or sugar, affects
these temperatures. By observing changes in the time taken for water to boil and freeze, you will
gain a deeper understanding of colligative properties and their real-world applications.
II. Objective
 To determine the effect of solution concentration on boiling and freezing points using
common household items.
 To investigate how the addition of a solute affects the time taken for a solution to reach its
boiling and freezing points.
II. Materials
 250 mL tap water (per solution)  Tablespoon (for measuring salt and
sugar)
 Table salt (NaCl)
 Spoon (for stirring)
 Brown sugar
 Stove or kettle (for boiling water)
 Cups (as containers)
 Freezer or ice bath
 Measuring cup (for 250 mL
measurement)  Timer (watch, phone, or clock)
III. Procedure
A. Boiling Point Determination
1. Prepare three solutions:
o Solution A: 250 mL of water (control)

o Solution B: 250 mL of water with 1 tablespoon of salt

o Solution C: 250 mL of water with 2 tablespoons of salt

2. Pour each solution into separate cups or heat-safe containers.


3. Heat Solution A on the stove or kettle and record the time taken to reach a rolling boil
(continuous bubbling).
4. Repeat steps 2-3 for Solution B and Solution C.
5. Record and compare the boiling times.
B. Freezing Point Determination
1. Prepare three solutions:
o Solution A: 250 mL of water (control)

o Solution B: 250 mL of water with 1 tablespoon of brown sugar

o Solution C: 250 mL of water with 2 tablespoons of brown sugar

2. Place each solution in labeled cups and set them in the freezer or ice bath.
3. Check every 30 minutes for a total of 3 hours, noting when ice formation first occurs.
4. Record and compare the freezing times.
IV. Data Tables
Boiling Point Data Freezing Point Data

Solution Time to Boil (min)


Solution Time to Freeze (min)
A (Water) 3mins and 42secs
A (Water) 1Hour
B (1 tbsp Salt) 2mins and 31secs
B (1 tbsp Brown 1Hour
C (2 tbsp 2mins and 17secs
Sugar)
Salt)
C (2 tbsp Brown 1Hour and 30 mins
Sugar)
V. Guide Questions
1. What happened to the boiling and freezing points when salt and brown sugar were added to
the solution?

Salt is a high on capacity of heat. Salt make the water boils faster than
the original solution A where it takes almost 4 minutes but if salt were
added it became boils faster. In freezing experiment, the sugat solution
C freezes first due to its slowering chemical potential for icing.
2. Which solution boiled the fastest? Which one took the longest? Why?

Like is said the solution C Boils the the fastest due to its helping to
increase the boiling point of water.
3. Which solution froze the fastest? Which one took the longest? Why?

Solution C takes the wins due to its chemical potential is decreasing.


4. How does increasing the concentration of solute affect the boiling and freezing points?

Because the solute particles interfere with the solvent's ability to evaporate
(raising the boiling point) and prevent the formation of solid crystals (lowering the
freezing point).

5. What are some everyday situations where controlling the boiling or freezing point of a liquid
is important?
Controlling the boiling and freezing points is important in everyday situations like
using antifreeze in car radiators to prevent freezing and overheating, and adding
salt to water for cooking, which raises the boiling point. It’s also crucial for de-
icing roads in winter and preserving food by controlling freezing temperatures.
VI. Conclusion
(Write a brief summary of your findings, explaining how solute concentration affects boiling and
freezing points.)

My findings to this experiment was, because the salt was helping water to
increase its boiling point I thought it would take longer to boils but it
indefinitely fasten its boiling time. And to sugar experiment, here I expect
water to ice first because sugar is sweet and most probably to many sweets
candy out there takes some time to ice
V. Documentation (Attach pictures of you and your experiment setup, observations during boiling
and freezing, and final results. Label each photo clearly and provide a short description of what it
shows.)
Rubric for Grading
Criteria Excellent (10 pts) Good (8 pts) Satisfactory Needs
Improvement
(6 pts)
(4 pts)

Completion of All data tables are Data tables are Some missing or Data tables are
Data Tables accurately mostly complete inaccurate data incomplete or
completed with with minor entries. mostly inaccurate.
clear, logical inconsistencies.
entries.

Accuracy of Observations are Observations are Observations are Observations are


Observations highly detailed and clear but lack some present but not missing or very
accurately reflect detail. well-explained. unclear.
the experiment.

Answering Answers are Answers are mostly Answers are brief Answers are
Guide thorough, well- complete with some and somewhat missing or lack
Questions explained, and explanation. unclear. explanation.
supported by data.

Conclusion Conclusion is well- Conclusion is clear Conclusion is Conclusion is


written, logical, and but lacks depth. present but not missing or poorly
effectively well-supported by written.
summarizes the data.
findings.

Documentation Clear, well-labeled, Pictures are Pictures are No pictures or very


and relevant included but lack present but lack unclear
pictures with some clarity. descriptions. documentation.
descriptions.

TOTAL: 50 POINTS

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