BDwbU 5 †`e‡`ex

f‚wgKv

Ck¦i GK I AwØZxq| Ck¦i wbivKvi| wKšÍy wZwb Zuvi B”Qv Abyhvqx †h †Kvb AvKvi aviY
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb Amxg ¶gZvi AwaKvix| Zuvi My‡YiI †kl ‡bB| Ck¦^i Zuvi m„ó Rx‡ei
Kj¨v‡Y ev Zuvi †Kvb D‡Ïk¨ mva‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K †Kvb we‡kl AvKv‡i ev iƒ‡c cÖKvk
K‡ib| Ck¦‡ii GB we‡kl iƒ‡c ev AvKv‡i cÖKvk‡K †`eZv ejv nq| eªþ, weòz, wke, M‡Yk
cÖf…wZ n‡”Qb †`e| `yM©v, gbmv, mi¯^Zx †`ex| GB †`e-†`exiv wewfbœ MyY ev ¶gZvi
AwaKvix| †hgb- weòy Avgv‡`i cvjb K‡ib, †`ex `yM©v Avgv‡`i kw³ †`b| f³ we‡kl
we‡kl mKj MyY ev ¶gZv jv‡fi Rb¨ †`e‡`exi c~Rv K‡i| c~Rv K‡i †`e-†`ex I Ck¦‡ii
Zzwó I Zuv‡`i K„cv jv‡fi Rb¨| Ck¦i Zzó n‡q f³‡K A_©, myL, kvwšÍ `vb K‡ib| f³ †Kvb
†Kvb †`e-†`exi wbZ¨ c~Rv K‡i| †hgb- weòy, wke, Kvjx| Avevi †Kvb †Kvb †`e‡`ex
we‡kl we‡kl wZw_ ev Dcj‡¶ c‚wRZ nb| †hgb- KvwZ©K, mi¯^Zx BZ¨vw`|

wn›`y a‡g©i Avw` ag©MÖš’ †e`‡K †K›`ª K‡i ÔcyivYÕ bvgK ag©MÖš’ iwPZ n‡q‡Q| †e` I cyiv‡Y
bvbvb ‡`e‡`exi AvKvi ev iƒc, MyY, mgv‡R Gu‡`i cÖfve I Gu‡`i Dcvmbv c×wZ ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q| †e` I cyiv‡Y D‡jøL †bB Ggb eny †`e‡`exI c~Rv ‡c‡q Avm‡Qb enyKvj a‡i|
Gfv‡e Avgiv wZb ai‡bi †`e‡`exi cwiPq cvB-

1. ˆew`K †`e‡`ex, †hgb AwMœ, B›`ª, Elv|

2. †cŠivwYK †`e‡`ex, †hgb eªþv, weòy, `yM©v|
3. †jŠwKK †`e‡`ex †hgb gbmv, kxZjv|

Av‡jvPbvi myweav‡_© GB BDwbUwU‡K †gvU wZbwU cv‡V fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB cvV¸‡jv n‡”Q:

cvV- 5.1: ˆew`K †`e‡`exi cwiPq

cvV- 5.2: eªþv, weòz I wke
cvV- 5.3: `yM©v, M‡bk I gbmv
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 5.1 ˆew`K †`e‡`exi cwiPq

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb−

ˆew`K †`e‡`exi cwiPq ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

AwMœ, B›`ª, Elv cÖgyL ˆew`K †`e‡`ex m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

†e‡` †`e‡`ex‡`i‡K wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_v-

K. ¯^‡M©i †`e‡`ex|
L. AšÍix¶‡jv‡Ki †`e‡`ex|
M. g‡Z©¨i †`e‡`ex|

ˆew`K †`e‡`ex‡`i †Kvb g~wZ© †bB| Gu‡`i g~wZ© evbv‡bvI nq bv| ˆew`K g‡š¿ cÖwZwU
†`e‡`exi iƒc, MyY I ¶gZvi eY©bv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|

¯^‡M©i †`e‡`exi ¶gZvB kyay †evSv hvq| Zuviv AgZ©¨av‡gB _v‡Kb| A_©vr gZ©¨‡jv‡K ev
c„w_ex‡Z Av‡mb bv| m~h©, hg eiæY ¯^‡M©i †`eZv|

AšÍix¶‡jv‡Ki †`eZviv c„w_ex‡Z AvMgb K‡ib, wKšÍy _v‡Kb bv| †hgb- B›`ª, ceb
BZ¨vw`| g‡Z©¨i †`e-†`exiv c„w_ex‡Z AeZiY K‡ib, Ae¯’vb K‡ib Ges Zuv‡`i Avgiv
†`L‡Z cvB| †hgb- AwMœ| Avgiv AwMœ‡K †`L‡Z cvB| AwMœ‡`e c„w_ex‡Z †_‡K AwMœ
cÖ¾¦jb K‡ib|

ˆew`K †`e‡`ex‡`i g‡a¨ AwMœ‡`e, B›`ª‡`e I Elv- GB wZbRb †`e‡`exi Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡”Q|

AwMœ FM&‡e‡` ewY©Z cÖavb †`eZv‡`i g‡a¨ AwMœ Ab¨Zg MyiyZ¡c~Y© †`eZv| AwMœ c„w_exiB †`eZv|
c„w_ex‡Z memgq _v‡Kb| AwMœ‡`‡ei cÖR¡jb Kiv AvMy‡b N„Z, wcVv, cv‡qm, gvsm BZ¨vw`
fvj fvj wRwbm DrmM© K‡i AwMœi gva¨‡gB Ab¨ †`eZv‡`i ev †`ex‡`i‡K wb‡e`b Kiv nq
Ges Zuv‡`i Avnevb Rvbv‡bv nq| G Rb¨ AwMœ‡K †`e‡`ex‡`i gyL ejv nq| KviY AwMœgy‡L
†`eZvMY ‡fvRb K‡ib|

KviY AwMœi gva¨‡g †`eZv‡`i Kv‡Q †h mKj wRwbm DrmM© Kiv nq †`eZviv Zv †fvRb
K‡ib| AwMœ‡K Ab¨vb¨ ˆew`K †`eZv‡`i `~ZI ejv n‡q _v‡K| †h‡nZz AwMœ hÁKvixi
DrmM©xK…Z Lv`¨ †`e‡`exi Kv‡Q mieivn K‡ib| AwMœB h‡Ái Aej¤^b| AwMœ hÁKvix
cy‡ivwnZ e‡jI †e‡` D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 59

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

AwMœ cÖR¡wjZ K‡i, †e‡`i gš¿ D”PviY K‡i †`eZv‡`i Avnevb Rvbv‡bv, Zuv‡`i KiyYv cÖv_©bv
Kiv, kª×v Rvbv‡bv I wcÖq wRwbm DrmM© Kiv cÖf„wZ AvPvi I Abyôvb‡K hÁ ejv nq| ˆew`K
hy‡M h‡Ái gva¨‡g †`eZv‡`i Dcvmbv Kiv n‡Zv| GB h‡Ái cÖavb DcKiY AvMyb| AvMy‡bi
Drm AwMœ‡`eZv| hw`I Gi †Kvb g~wZ© †bB|

Elv †e‡` †`eZv‡`i Zzjbvq †`exi D‡jøL A‡bK Kg| ˆew`K †`ex‡`i g‡a¨ Elv Ab¨Zgv|
wbkvemv‡b cÖZ~¨‡l m~h© IVvi wVK c~e©gyn~‡Z© AiyYiv‡M ivOv †h Ac~e© g‡bvni eY© `„wó‡MvPi
nq, Zv‡KB ejv nq Elv|

†`ex Elv c„w_ex †_‡K AÜKvi `‚i K‡ib Ges Av‡jvi `y¨wZgq RM‡Zi mv‡_ RxeRMr‡K
cwiPq Kwi‡q ‡`b| ‡`ex Elvi kyfvMg‡b cÖK…wZ‡Z Kg©PvÂj¨ Rv‡M| mevB mwµq w`b-
cwiµgv kyiy K‡i| `xwßgZx Elv g‡Z©¨ Av‡mb i‡_ P‡o|

ElvKv‡ji AwaóvÎx †`ex Elvi Kv‡Q ˆew`K Fwl-Kwei cÖv_©bv:

Ô†n †`e`ywnZv Elv,
Avgv‡`i ab `vb K‡i cÖfvZ Ki|

†n wefveix,
Avgv‡`i Abœ `vb K‡i cÖfvZ Ki|
†n †`ex,
`vbkxjv n‡q ab `vb K‡i Avgv‡`i cÖfvZ Ki|Õ

B›`ª ˆew`K †`eZv‡`i g‡a¨ B›`ª LyeB MyiyZ¡c‚Y© †`eZv| B›`ª exh©evb| Zuvi †kŠ‡h©i gwngv
AwØZxq| AmvaviY KwirKg©v GB †`eZv| Ac~e© Zuvi †`n‡mŠôe| B‡›`ªi †`‡ni eY© Zß
Kv‡bi g‡Zv| myZxeª DbœZ Zuvi bvmv| wZwb †`e‡`exKz‡ji †bZv| wZwb gnvexi| exi‡Z¡i
gva¨‡g wZwb †`e‡`exKz‡ji †bZvi Avmb Rq K‡i‡Qb| wZwb eû `vbe nZ¨v K‡i‡Qb| wbnZ
‰`Z¨‡`i g‡a¨ we‡kl D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jv e„Î I k¤^i|

B›`ª †g‡Ni g‡a¨ we`y¨r I eRª Drcv`b K‡ib| wZwb e„wó`vZv| wZwb c„w_exi R‡ji Drm|
B‡›`ªi A¯¿B n‡jv eRª| †`evwaivR B›`ª eRªcvZ K‡iB kµ wbab K‡ib|

mvivsk Ck¦i GK I AwØZxq| Ck¦i wbivKvi| RxeRM‡Zi Kj¨v‡Y Zuvi AvKvi iƒ‡c cÖKvk‡K
†`e‡`ex ejv nq| †Kvb †Kvb †`e‡`ex wbZ¨ c~Rv cvb| †KD c~Rv cvb we‡kl
wZw_‡Z| cyiv‡Y wZb ai‡bi †`e‡`exi cwiPq i‡q‡Q: (1) ˆew`K, h_v- AwMœ, Elv,
(2) †cŠivwYK, h_v- weòy, `yM©v I (3) †jŠwKK, h_v- gbmv, kxZjv|
ˆew`K †`eZvKz‡ji g‡a¨ AwMœ Ab¨Zg| AwMœ‡`‡ei cÖ¾¡wjZ AvMy‡b hÁ nq| AwMœi
gva¨‡gB Ab¨ †`eZv‡`i Avnevb Rvbv‡bv nq| Elv RM‡Zi AÜKvi `~i K‡i Rxe
mKj‡K Av‡jvi mÜvb †`b| cÖZ‚¨‡l Elvi AvMg‡b cÖK„wZ‡Z PvÂj¨ m„wó nq| B›`ª
†`eZv‡`i †bZv| wZwb †g‡N we`y¨r I eRª Drcv`b K‡ib| B›`ª c„w_ex‡Z e„wói gva¨‡g
Rj †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb|

BDwbU- 5 c„ôv- 60
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 5.1

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ:

mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b|

1. †`e‡`ex Kq ai‡bi?
K. GK,
L. `yB
M. wZb,
N. Pvi|

2. m~h© †Kvb& †kªwYi †`eZv?

K. g‡Z©i
L. AgZ©¨av‡gi
M. AšÍx¶‡jv‡Ki
N. mgy‡`ªi|

3. AwMœ‡K †`e‡`exi wK ejv nq?

K. mLv
L. kµ
M. gyL
N. i¶vKZ©v|

4. B›`ª wK A‡¯¿i mvnv‡h¨ kµ wbab K‡ib?

K. eRª
L. Zxi
M. we`y¨r
N. LoM|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 61

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

cvV 5.2 †cŠivwYK †`e‡`ex: eªþv, weòz I wke

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb−

†cŠivwYK †`e‡`exi cwiPq ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

eªþv, weòz I wk‡ei eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

eªþv, weòz I wk‡ei gvnvͨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

cyiv‡Y ewY©Z †`e‡`ex‡K †cŠivwYK †`e‡`ex ejv nq| †e`‡K †K›`ª K‡iB cyivY iwPZ
n‡qwQj| †cŠivwYK hy‡M †`e‡`exi weMªn ev cÖwZgv wbg©vY K‡i c~Rvi cÖPjb nq| eZ©gv‡b
A‡bK †`e‡`exi iƒ‡c A‡bK cwieZ©b mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| Avevi A‡bK b~Zb †`e‡`exi c~RvI
cÖPwjZ n‡q‡Q|

gš¿ †h fv‡e †`e‡`exi iƒc Kíbv Kiv n‡qwQj, weMÖnI wVK †mB iƒ‡c wbwg©Z n‡q Avm‡Q|
†cŠivwYK hy‡M gw›`i wbg©vY K‡i Zv‡Z †`e‡`exi cÖwZgv cÖwZôv Kiv ïiæ nq| cÖwZwôZ
†`e‡`ex‡K cÎ-cy‡®úi AÄwj I †fvMviwZ w`‡q k•L N›Uv, I Ab¨vb¨ evRbv evwR‡q c~Rv
Kiv nq| GLbI cÖwZgv cÖwZôv Kiv nq| wke, j¶¥x, Kvjx, weòz cÖf…wZi wbZ¨ cyRv nq|
we‡kl we‡kl wZw_‡Z cyRv nq eªþv, `yM©v, mi¯^Zx cªf…wZ †`e‡`exi|

Aek¨ cÖwZw`b †h mKj †`e‡`exi c~Rv nq, we‡kl wZw_‡Z Zuv‡`iI A‡b‡Ki c~Rv nq|
†hgb weòz, M‡Yk, wke| LyeB mxwgZ Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ ¯’vbxqfv‡e †h me †jŠwKK †`e‡`exi
c~Rv n‡q _v‡K ZuvivI †cŠivwYK †`e‡`ex †kªwYi AšÍf©y³| gbmv, kxZjv, `w¶Yvivq cÖf…wZ
¯’vbxq †jŠwKK †`eZvi c~Rv we‡kl wZw_‡Z ev mg‡q AbywôZ nq| Avgiv GB ch©v‡q cÖavb
wZb †cŠivwYK †`eZv eªþv, weòz I wke m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie|

eªþv

eªþvi cwiPq: eªþv‡K m„wói

†`eZv ejv nq| Ck¦i eªþv‡K
m„wói ¶gZv`vb K‡i‡Qb| eªþv
GB wek¦ I we‡k¦i mKj wKQy
m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wek¦‡K eªþvÐI
ejv nq| eªþv AÐ ev wW‡gi
AvKv‡i wek¦ m„wó K‡i‡Qb e‡j
Gi bvg eªþvÐ|

eªþvi iƒc: eªþvi PviwU gyL|

Mv‡qi eY© `y‡a-AvjZv ev jvj‡P wPÎ 3: eªþv

BDwbU- 5 c„ôv- 62
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

dm©v| eªþvi †`‡n nv‡Zi msL¨v Pvi| Wvb cv‡ki `yB nv‡Zi GKwU‡Z wN-Xvjvi PvgP I Ab
nv‡Z A¶gvjv| A¶gvjv A_© iy`ªv¶ w`‡q Muv_v gvjv| GB gvjv w`‡q Ck¦‡ii bvg Rc Kiv
nq| GB gvjv‡K RcgvjvI ejv nq| evg cv‡ki `yB nv‡Zi GKwU‡Z KgÐjy I Ab¨wU‡Z
N„ZcvÎ| KgÐjy RjcvÎ we‡kl| mbœ¨vmx, eªþPvix ev mva‡Kiv Zv e¨envi K‡ib| eªþvi
†PvL `y‡Uv Lye my›`i| A½mg‚n my`„p| eªþvi evnb n‡jv nuvm| jvj c‡Ùi DciI wZwb Dcweó
_v‡Kb|

eªþv c~Rv: eªþv gv‡S gv‡S c„w_ex‡Z Av‡mb| eªþv c‚Rvi wbw`©ó ZvwiL †bB| `yM©vc~Rv I
mi¯^Zxc~Rvi g‡Zv we‡kl wZw_ I w`‡b eªþvi c‚Rv nq| kv‡¯¿ Av‡Q, †`eZviv gv‡S gv‡S
A`„k¨fv‡e c„w_ex‡Z Av‡mb I Ae¯’vb K‡ib| eªþvI gv‡S gv‡S c„w_ex‡Z Av‡mb|
†R¨vwZlkv¯¿ M‡elYv K‡i eªþvi c„w_ex‡Z Avmvi w`b ¶Y Rvbv hvq| †mB w`bB c~Rvi
Av‡qvRb nq| eªþvi wcÖq jvj dzj| eªþv c‚Rvq XvK evRv‡bv wbwl×| fvi‡Z cy®‹iZx‡_© eªþv
c‚Rv nq|

eªþvi Ab¨vb¨ K…wZZ¡: cyiv‡Y eªþvi A‡bK Kj¨vYKi Kv‡Ri eY©bv Av‡Q| †`e‡`exiv bvbvb
wel‡q civg‡k©i Rb¨ eªþvi kiYvcbœ nb| wek¦ m„wó QvovI eªþv ‡R¨vwZlkv¯¿, bvU¨wkí I
ev¯Íykv‡¯¿i cÖe³v|

weòz

weòzi cwiPq: Ck¦i m„wói hveZxq wKQy

cvjb I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ weòzi iƒc
aviY K‡i‡Qb| weòz m„wói cvjK| †e‡`
weòz †`eZvi D‡jøL Av‡Q| †e` ej‡Qb,
weòz cvw_©e‡jvK cwigvc K‡ib| cyiv‡Y
ejv n‡q‡Q weòz m„wói cvjbKZ©v I
i¶vKZ©v| weòyi A‡bK bvg| †hgb,
bvivqY, K…ò, †Mvwe›`, wÎweµg
BZ¨vw`|

weòzi iƒc
‡e‡` ejv n‡q‡Q weòzi ecy wekvj Ges
wZwb wPiZiyY| cyiv‡Y weòzi iƒc
m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q, Zuvi †`‡ni eY©
Puv‡`i Av‡jvi g‡Zv iƒcvwj| weòzi
†`‡n nv‡Zi msL¨v Pvi| Pvi nv‡Z PviwU
DcKiY| Dc‡ii evg nv‡Z i‡q‡Q
k•L| GB k•L‡K ÒcvÂRb¨Ó ejv nq|
Kw_Z Av‡Q cuvPwU Amy‡ii Aw¯’ w`‡q
GB we‡kl k•LwU wbwg©Z| Dc‡ii Wvb
wPÎ 4: weòz

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 63

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

w`‡Ki nv‡Z _v‡K Pµ| weòzi GB we‡kl P‡µi bvg Ômy`k©b PµÔ| GwU †`L‡Z my›`i Ges
GwU Zuvi A¯¿| wb‡Pi w`‡Ki evg nv‡Z M`v Avi Wvb nv‡Z cÙ _v‡K| weòzi evnb Miyo
cvwL| cyivY g‡Z, weòzi evm¯’vb nj ‰eKzÚavg|

weòz c~Rv: †h †Kvb †`e‡`exi c~Rvi mgq cuvPRb †`e‡`exi c~Rv Aek¨B Ki‡Z nq| Guiv
n‡jb, wke, weòz, M‡Yk, m~h© I Rq`yM©v| weòz cuvP †`eZvi Ab¨Zg| †h‡nZz mKj †`e‡`exi
c~RvKv‡j weòz c~Rv Kiv nq †m‡nZz weòz c~Rvi wbw`ó †Kvb wZw_ ev w`b ‡bB| †h-†Kvb-w`b
weòzi c~Rv Kiv hvq| weòzi DcvmK‡`i ejv nq ‰eòe|

weòzi K…wZZ¡ I cÖfve: weòz †`e‡`exi g‡a¨ †kªô| †`e‡`exiv wec‡` co‡j weòzi kiYvcbœ
nb| `y‡ói `gb I wk‡ói cvj‡bi Rb¨ weòz c„w_ex‡Z eûevi AeZvi iƒ‡c Avwef©~Z
n‡q‡Qb| cyiv‡Y Zuvi bvbv AeZv‡ii K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †hgb grm, K‚g©, b„wmsn, evgb,
cikyivg, ivg BZ¨vw`| gay I ˆKUf, wniYKwkcy, wkkycvj, Ksm cÖf…wZ AZ¨vPvix `vbe‡K
weòy wbab K‡i‡Qb| c„w_ex‡K `vb‡ei AZ¨vPvi †_‡K gy³ K‡i kvwšÍ cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb|

weòzc~Rvi MyiyZ¡ Amxg| weòz ¯§i‡Y me cvc gy‡Q hvq, ü`‡q Av‡m Abvwej kvwšÍ I
cweÎfve| gvby‡li cwiÎvYKvix I wnZKvix weòzi DcvmK I f³ msL¨v AMwYZ|

wke

wk‡ei cwiPq: wk‡ei mvaviY

cwiPq aŸs‡mi †`eZv wnmv‡e|
Ck¦i wb‡R‡K wke †`eZv iƒ‡c m„wó
K‡i‡Qb Rx‡ei kµ, †ivM, e¨vwa
BZ¨vw`‡K aŸsm Kivi Rb¨| G
mKj aŸsm K‡i wke cÖK…Zc‡¶
Rx‡ei DcKvi mvabB K‡i
_v‡Kb| Avm‡j wke g½‡ji
†`eZv| wke k‡ãi A_©B nj
g½j| eªþv, weòz, wke †`eZv‡`i
g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| Gu‡`i‡K wÎg~wZ©
ejv nq| Guiv G‡K A‡b¨i
cwic~iK wnmv‡e c„w_ex‡Z Kg©iZ
_v‡Kb| wk‡ei A‡bK bvg| †hgb
iy`ª, fe, ni, CkvY, gnv‡`e
BZ¨vw`|

wPÎ 5: wke

BDwbU- 5 c„ôv- 64
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

wk‡ei iƒc: wk‡ei †`‡ni eY© Zzlv‡ii g‡Zv mv`v| gv_vq RUv| †PvL wZbwU| GKwU wVK
Kcv‡ji gvSLv‡b| RUvi GK cv‡k evuKv Puv`| nv‡Z Wgiy, wk½v I wÎk~j| Mjvq iy`ªv‡¶i
gvjv I mvc| ci‡Y ev‡Ni Pvgov| Zuvi evnb n‡jv luvo|

wk‡ei c~Rv: mKj c~Rvi mgq wk‡ei c~Rv Kiv nq| Z‡e dvêyb gv‡mi K…ò PZz`©kx wZw_‡Z
mvo¤^‡i Zuvi c~Rv nq| †ej cvZv wk‡ei Lye wcÖq| ayZziv, AvK›` dzjI wZwb fvjev‡mb|
wZwb A‡íB Zyó nb| ZvB Zuvi Av‡iK bvg Avï‡Zvl| wke‡K g~wZ©‡Z ev we‡kl GKwU
cÖZx‡K c~Rv Kiv nq| wk‡ei DcvmK‡`i ˆke ejv nq|

wk‡ei gvnvZ¥¨: wke aŸs‡mi gva¨‡g Kj¨vY mvab Kiv QvovI A‡bK gnr KvR K‡ib| wZwb
b„Z¨ I Awfb‡q `¶| ZvB Zuvi bvg bUivR| wPwKrmvkv‡¯¿ cwÐZ e‡j Zuvi bvg ˆe`¨bv_|
†`eZv I ˆ`Z¨ wg‡j mgy`ª gš’b K‡i Ag„‡Zi mÜv‡b| gš’‡b cÖ_‡g wel I‡V| GB wel wke
aviY K‡ib K‡Ú| G R‡b¨ Zuv‡K bxjKÚ ejv nq| wke k‡m¨iI †`eZv|

mvivsk cyiv‡Y ewY©Z †`e‡`exivB †cŠivwYK †`e‡`ex| G‡`i g~wZ© ˆZix K‡i cyRv Kiv nq, wke,
j²x, weòz, Kvjx BZ¨vw`i wbZ¨ c~Rv nq|

eªþv m…wói †`eZv| †`‡ni eY© `y‡a, AvjZv, †`‡n Pvi nvZ eªþvi evnb nuvm| eªþvi c~Rv
nq jvj dzj w`‡q| c~Rvq Xv‡Ki ev`¨ wbwl×|

m„wói cvjb I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨B Ck¦‡ii weòiƒc cÖnY| weòzi †`‡ni eY© iƒcvwj
Puv‡`i Av‡jvi g‡Zv| weòzi Pvi nvZ| weòzi evnb Miyo| wZwb ‰eKzÚav‡g evm K‡ib|
me †`e‡`exi c~Rv Kv‡j weòzi c~Rv nq| weòzi DcvmK‡`I ˆeòe ejv nq|

wke A_© g½j| wke Rx‡ei kµ I †ivM e¨vwa webvk K‡ib| Zuvi †`n Zzlvi e‡Y©i|
gv_vq RUv, ci‡Y ev‡Ni Qvj| mKj c~Rvq wk‡ei c~Rv nq| lvo Zuvi evnb| eªþv, weòy
I wke‡K GKÎ ÔwÎgywZ©Õ ejv nq|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 65

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 5.2

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ:

mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b|

1| †Kvb hy‡M †`e‡`exi g~wZ© c~Rv kyiy nq?

K. ˆew`K hy‡M L. †cŠivwYK hy‡M
M. `vbe hy‡M N. †gŠh© hy‡M|

2| eªþv wK‡mi †`eZv?

K. kw³i L. m¤ú‡`i
M. m„wói N. we`¨vi|

3| eªþvi gyL KqwU?

K. GK L. `yB
M. wZb N. Pvi|

4| weòzi DcvmK‡`i wK bv‡g WvKv nq?

K. ˆke L. ˆeòe
M. kv³ N. MvYcZ¨|

5| weòzi P‡µi bvg wK?

K. my`k©b L. my‡jvPb
M. my‡bÎ N. myfvlY|

6| wke gv‡b wK?

K. aŸsm L. m„wó
M. g½j N. Avb›`|

7| wk‡ei †`‡ni eY©−

K. Zzlv‡ii g‡Zv L. a~‡jvi g‡Zv
M. Kvwji g‡Zv N. QvB‡qi g‡Zv|

8| wk‡ei ci‡Y−
K. ev‡Ni Pvgov L. nwi‡Yi Pvgov
M. gwn‡li Pvgov N. nvwZi Pvgov|

BDwbU- 5 c„ôv- 66
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 5.3 †cŠivwYK †`e‡`ex: `yM©v, M‡Yk I gbmv

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb−

`yM©v, M‡Yk I gbmvi eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

`yM©v, M‡Yk I gbmvi c~Rvi eY©bv w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

`yM©v, M‡Yk I gbmvi gvnvZ¥¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

`yM©v

`yM©vi cwiPq: we‡k¦i mKj kw³i

wgwjZ iƒc nj †`ex `yM©v| Ck¦‡ii
GB kw³ gvZ…iƒ‡c cÖKvwkZ|
`yM©wZbvwkbx ev `yM©g bv‡gi Amyi
webvk K‡i‡Qb e‡j wZwb `yM©v bv‡g
cwiwPZ| `yM©vi A‡bK bvg|
gnvgvqv, fMeZx, PÐx, gwnlgw`©bx,
k~wjbx, RM×vÎx, KvZ¨vqbx
BZ¨vw`|

`yM©vi iƒc
`yM©vi †`‡ni eY© AZmx dz‡ji
g‡Zv njy`| c~wY©gvi Puv‡`i g‡Zv
Zuvi gyLgÐj| wÎbqbx| GKwU
†PvL Kcv‡ji gvSLv‡b| gv_vi
GK cv‡k euvKv Puv`| Zuvi `k
nvZ| ZvB Zuvi Av‡iK bvg
`kfzRv| `k nv‡Z _v‡K `kLvbv
A¯¿| wmsn Zuvi evnb| `yM©v‡K
†`wL hy‡×i mv‡R| gwnlvmyi
eaKv‡j wZwb GB mv‡R mw¾Z
wPÎ 6: `yM©v
n‡qwQ‡jb|

`yM©vc~Rv: kirKv‡jB `yM©vc~Rv nq| G Kvi‡Y `yM©vc~Rv‡K kvi`xq c~RvI ejv nq| mvaviYZ
Avwk¦b gv‡mi ïµ c‡¶i hôx †_‡K `kgx ch©šÍ GB c‚RvKg© AbywôZ nq| wZw_i †ni‡d‡iI
†Kvb †Kvb eQi GB c~Rv KvwZ©K gv‡mI n‡q _v‡K| emšÍKv‡jI `yM©vc~Rv nq| G‡K ejv nq
evmšÍx c‚Rv| evmšÍx c‚Rv kvi`xqv c~Rvi Zzjbvq msL¨vq †ek Kg| c~Rv nq cÖwZgvq ev
cÖZxKx N‡U| `yM©vc~Rv wn›`y m¤úÖ`v‡qi me‡P‡q eo Drme|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 67

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

`yM©vi gvnvZ¥¨: c„w_exi Rxe I RM‡Zi g‡a¨ †h gvqv ev AvKl©Y Zv `yM©viB m„wó| G R‡b¨
Zuvi bvg gnvgvqv| `yivPvix I Aag©Pvix‡K `yM©v webvk K‡ib Ges avwg©K‡K i¶v K‡ib| wZwb
me©g½jv| †h hv-B Zuvi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv KiæK, Zzó n‡j wZwb Zv‡K Zv cÖ`vb K‡ib| †`ex `yM©v
Avgv‡`i‡K wec‡` mvnm †RvMvb, wec` †_‡K gy³ K‡ib| Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPv‡ii cÖwZweavb
Kivi mgq †`ex `yM©v Avgv‡`i AšÍ‡i †cÖiYv mÂvi K‡ib|

M‡Yk

M‡Y‡ki cwiPq: wmw×`vZv M‡Yk| kyfKv‡R, bee‡l©, e¨emv evwYR¨ mdj nIqvi Rb¨
M‡Yk‡K ¯§iY Kiv nq| c~Rv Kiv nq| Ck¦i M‡Yk iƒ‡c gvby‡li me©Kg©wmwׇZ mnvqZv `vb
K‡ib| M‡Y‡ki A‡bK bvg| †hgb MRvbb, MYcwZ, †ni¤^, webvqK BZ¨vw`|

M‡Y‡ki iƒc: M‡Y‡ki †`n gvby‡li †`‡ni Abyiƒc, wKš‘ gv_v nvwZi gv_vi g‡Zv| Zv‡Z j¤^v
kuyo| kuy‡oi cv‡k †ewi‡q _vKv GKwU j¤^v `uvZ| †`‡ni eY© Mvp jvj| Pvi nvZ, wZb †PvL,
D`i ùxZ, †`n GKUz †eu‡U| Pvi nv‡Z _v‡K k•L, Pµ, M`v I cÙ| Mjvq _v‡K DcexZ|
M‡Y‡ki evnb B`uyi|

M‡Y‡ki c~Rv: `yM©v c~Rvi mgq

M‡Y‡ki c~Rv nq| fv`ª I gvN
gv‡mi kyK¬ c‡¶i PZz_© wZw_‡Z
M‡Y‡ki c~Rv nq| fv`ªgv‡mi kyK¬v
PZz_©xi bvg M‡Yk PZz_©x| `w¶Y
fvi‡Z M‡Y‡ki mvo¤^i c~Rv
cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| M‡Yk c~Rvq
ZzjmxcÎ DrmM© Kiv wb‡la|
M‡Y‡ki DcvmK‡`i MvYcZ¨ ejv
nq|

gvnvZ¥¨: mKj Kv‡R mvdj¨ ev

wmw×`vbB GB †`eZvi g~j KvR|
M‡Yk c~Rvi gva¨‡g gvbyl wmw× I
weË-ˆef‡ei Rb¨ cÖv_©bv K‡i|
wmw×`vZv M‡Yk Zzó n‡j gvbyl
me©Kv‡R mdjKvg nq|

wPÎ 7: M‡Yk

BDwbU- 5 c„ôv- 68
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

gbmv

gbmvi cwiPq: gbmv †jŠwKK †`ex| gbmv m‡c©i †`ex wnmv‡eB cwiwPZ| †KD †KD Gu‡K
K…wli †`exI e‡j _v‡Kb| cyivY g‡Z, wZwb RiyrKviæ gywbi ¯¿x, Avw¯Í‡Ki gv I evmyKxi
†evb| eªþvi Dc‡`‡k Fwl ewkô mc©gšÍ m„wó K‡ib Ges Zuvi Zcm¨vi Øviv †mB g‡š¿i
AwaôvÎx †`exiƒ‡c gbmvi Avwef©ve N‡U| gb †_‡K mvKvi iƒc jvf Kivi R‡b¨B Zuvi bvg
n‡q‡Q gbmv|

gbmvi iƒc: gbmv †`exi †`‡ni iO

dm©v| P‡›`ªi g‡Zv my›`i I cÖmbœ
gyLgÐj| †fv‡ii my‡h©i jvj i‡Oi
g‡Zv iwÄZ Zvi cwi‡aq emb|
†mvbvi AjsKv‡i mw¾Zv| †`‡n
Rwo‡q _v‡K mvc| w¯§Z nvm¨gy‡L
wZwb nuv‡mi Dci Dcweó|

gbmvi c~Rv
Avlvp gv‡mi bvM cÂgx wZw_‡Z
gbmv c~Rvi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| GB
gv‡mi c~wY©gvi ci †h cÂgx ZvB-B
bvM cÂgx|

bvM cÂgx wZw_‡Z evoxi AvwObvq

wmR MvQ ¯’vcb K‡i Zv‡Z gbmvi
c~Rv nq| fv`ª gv‡mi K…òv cÂgx
ch©šÍ gbmv †`exi c~Rv Kivi weavb
i‡q‡Q| wPÎ 8: gbmv
GB mgqKv‡j wn›`y m¤úÖ`vq mvc nZ¨v
†_‡K weiZ _v‡K|

gbmvi gvnvZ¥¨: gbmv †`exi c~Rv Ki‡j mv‡ci fq _v‡K bv| gbmv †`exi gvnvZ¥¨ wb‡q
A‡bK DcvL¨vb iwPZ n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ gbmvi fvmvb Ab¨Zg| GB DcvL¨v‡b gbmv †`exi
c~Rv bv Kivi fqven cwiYvg eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

mvivsk `yM©v Ck¦‡ii mKj kw³i gvZ…iƒc| wZwb `yM©wZbvwkbx| `yM©vi `k nv‡Z `kwU A¯¿| wmsn Zvi
evnb| wZwb Amyi I Aavwg©K‡K webvk K‡ib Ges avwg©K‡K i¶v K‡ib|
M‡Yk‡K wmw×`vZv †`eZv ejv nq| Zuvi †`n gvby‡li g‡Zv n‡jI gv_v nvwZi g‡Zv|
†`‡ni eY© jvj| evnb B`yui| `yM©v c~Rvi mgq M‡Y‡kiI c~Rv nq|
gbmv mv‡ci †`ex| Avlvp gv‡mi bvM cÂgx †_‡K fv`ª gv‡mi K…ò cÂgx ch©šÍ Zuvi c~Rv
nq| Zuv‡K c~Rv Ki‡j mv‡ci fq _v‡K bv|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 69

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 5.3

A) eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ:

mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b|

1| `yM©vi `k nv‡Z A¯¿ _v‡K−

K. cuvPwU L. mvZwU
M. `kwU N. eviwU|

2| `yM©vi Mv‡qi eY©−

K. AZmx dz‡ji g‡Zv njy` L. mv`v
M. Kv‡jv N. jvj|

3| wmw×`vZv †Kvb †`eZv‡K ejv nq?

K. wke L. M‡Yk
M. KvwZ©K N. weòz|

4| M‡Y‡ki †`‡ni eY©-

K. Mvp jvj L. Mvp bxj
M. Mvp meyR N. Mvp njy`|

5| †Kvb e„‡¶ gbmvi c~Rv Kiv nq?

K. wej¦ L. Avgª
M. Zzjmx N. wmR|

6| M‡Y‡ki evnb wK?

K. B`uyi L. weovj
M. Li‡Mvk N. †eRx|

7| gbmv †`exi c~Rv Ki‡j wK‡mi fq _v‡K bv?

K. ev‡Ni fq _v‡K bv L. mv‡ci fq _v‡K bv
M. nvZxi fq _v‡K bv N. wms‡ni fq _v‡K bv|

Av) iPbvg~jK cÖkœ:

1| AwMœ †`eZv m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiyb| [cvV- 1 †_‡K wjLyb]

2| Elv †`exi we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv w`b| [cvV- 1 †_‡K wjLyb]
3| eªþvi iƒc I c~Rvi eY©bv w`b| [cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb]
4| weòzi iƒc I c~Rvi eY©bv w`b| [cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb]
5| wk‡ei cwiPq w`b Ges Zuvi iƒc eY©bv Kiyb| [cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb]

BDwbU- 5 c„ôv- 70
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

6| `yM©vi iƒc I gvnvͨ eY©bv Kiyb| [cvV- 3 †_‡K wjLyb]

7| M‡Y‡ki iƒc Ges c~Rvi eY©bv w`b|
[cvV- 3 †_‡K wjLyb]
8| gbmvi cwiPq Ges c~Rvi eY©bv w`b|
[cvV- 3 †_‡K wjLyb]

B) ms‡¶‡c DËi w`b:

(K) B‡›`ªi eY©bv w`b|
(cvV- 1 †_‡K wjLyb)
(L) eªþvi cwiPq I gvnvͨ eY©bv Ki|
(cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb)
(M) weòzi cwiPq w`b|
(cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb)
(N) weòzi K…wZZ¦ I cÖfve eY©bv Kiyb|
(cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb)
(O) wk‡ei gvnZ¥¨ eY©bv Kiyb|
(cvV- 2 †_‡K wjLyb)
(P) `yM©vi cwiPq w`b|
(cvV- 3 †_‡K wjLyb)
(Q) `yM©vi c~Rvi eY©bv w`b|
(cvV- 3 †_‡K wjLyb)
(R) gbmvi iƒ‡ci eY©bv w`b|
(cvV- 3 †_‡K wjLyb)

DËigvjv

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb: 5.1

1. M; 2. L; 3. M; 4. K

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb: 5.2

1. L; 2. M; 3. N; 4. L; 5. K; 6. M; 7. K; 8. K

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb: 5.3

1. M; 2. K; 3. L; 4. K; 5. N

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 71