BDwbU 10 agx©q fvlvÁvb: ms¯‹…Z fvlv

f‚wgKv

mbvZb ag© ev wn›`ya‡g©i cÖvPxbKv‡ji MÖš’mg~n ms¯‹…Z fvlvq iwPZ| ga¨hyM †_‡K wKQy
ag©MÖš’ evsjv fvlvq iwPZ I Ab~w`Z n‡q‡Q| †e`, Dcwbl`, ivgvqY, gnvfviZ, cyivY mg~n,
MxZv cÖf…wZ ms¯‹…Z fvlvq iwPZ| ¯^e †¯ÍvÎ cvV Ges c~Rv AP©bvw`i gš¿mg~n ms¯‹…Z fvlv‡ZB
Ave„wË ev cvV Kiv nq| myZivs wn›`yag© PP©v I Ph©vi †¶‡Î ms¯‹…Z fvlvi Ávb AZ¨vek¨K|
ms¯‹…Z MÖš’mg~‡ni AwaKvsk †`ebvMix eY©gvjvq gyw`ªZ I cÖKvwkZ| Aek¨ evsjv wjwc‡ZI
ms¯‹…Z †jLv n‡q‡Q| ZeyI †h‡nZz AwaKvsk MÖš’ †`ebvMix eY©gvjvq gyw`ªZ I cÖKvwkZ
n‡q‡Q, †m Kvi‡Y †`ebvMix eY©gvjv I ms¯‹…Z fvlvi mvaviY Ávb _vKv fvj|

G BDwb‡Ui wZbwU cv‡V ms¯‹…Z fvlv, †`ebvMix eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ Ges ms¯‹…Z †`ebvMix
eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ Ges ms¯‹…Z fvlvq mij evK¨ cÖ‡qvM- GB wZbwU wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡q‡Q|

Av‡jvPbvi myweav‡_© GB BDwbUwU‡K †gvU wZbwU cv‡V fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB cvV¸‡jv n‡”Q:

cvV- 10.1: ms¯‹…Z fvlv

cvV- 10.2: †`ebvMix eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ
cvV- 10.3: ms¯‹…Z fvlvq mij evK¨ cÖ‡qvM
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 10.1 ms¯‹…Z fvlv

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb-

ms¯‹…Z fvlv †h B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlv‡Mvôx bvgK g~j fvlv †Mvôx †_‡K m„ó, Zv ej‡Z
cvi‡eb|

ms¯‹…Z fvlv †h mivmwi fviZxq Avh©fvlv †_‡K D™¢‚Z Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

ˆew`K fvlv ej‡Z †Kvb fvlv‡K †evSvq Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

ms¯‹…Z fvlvi D™¢e I weKvk m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

fvlvixwZi mvwnwZ¨K ev †jL¨ Ges K_¨ GB `yB cÖavb iƒc Av‡Q Zv eywS‡q ej‡Z
cvi‡eb|

fvlv b`xi g‡Zv Drm †_‡K µgvMZ GwM‡q P‡j| Pjvi c‡_ Zv Avevi bvbv kvLv-cÖkvLvq
we¯Í…Z n‡q GwM‡q hvq| GKwU g~j fvlv †_‡K m„ó nq AviI A‡bK fvlv| Gfv‡e Pj‡Z
Pj‡Z fvlvi iƒcvšÍi I msL¨ve„w× N‡U| ms¯‹…Z fvlvI GKwU g~jfvlv‡Mvôx †_‡K Gi Pjvi
c‡_Kvi GKwU cwiewZ©Z iƒc| †m g~j fvlv‡Mvôxi bvg B‡›`vBD‡ivcxq fvlv‡Mvôx|

GB B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlv‡Mvôxi GKwU cÖavb kvLv B‡›`v-Bivbxq fvlv‡Mvôx| B‡›`v-Bivbxq

fvlv‡Mvôx Kvjµ‡g `ywU kvLvq wef³ n‡q‡Q- 1. Bivbxq fvlv 2. fviZxq Avh© fvlv|
fviZxq Avh© fvlvi weKv‡ki wZbwU ¯Íi cvIqv hvq (K) cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlv| (L) ga¨
fviZxq Avh© fvlv I (M) AvaywbK fviZxq Avh© fvlv|

cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlvi mgqKvj 1500 wLª÷ c~e©vã †_‡K 1000 wLª÷ c~e©vã ch©šÍ e‡j
cwЇZiv wba©viY K‡i‡Qb|

AvbygvwbK 1500 wLª÷ c~e©v‡ã Avh©fvlvfvlx GKwU Rb‡Mvôx fviZe‡l© cÖ‡ek K‡i| Zv‡`i
fvlvi mv‡_ ¯’vbxq fvlvi kãI †g‡k|

cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh©fvlv‡ZB Avgiv ˆew`K mvwnZ¨ cvw”Q| Ab¨ K_vq, ˆew`K mvwnZ¨B cÖvPxb
fviZxq Avh©fvlvi GKgvÎ wb`k©b|

cieZx© Av‡jvPbvq hvIqvi Av‡M GLv‡b GKwU K_v e‡j wb‡Z PvB| Zv nj, fvlvixwZi
K_v| Avgiv †h fvlvq K_v ewj, wVK †mB fvlvi g‡a¨ Av‡m GKwU AvbyôvwbKZv, Av‡m
AjsKvi, Q›`- _v‡K kã Pq‡bi we‡kl ˆewkó¨| GK K_vq, AjsK…Z I Q‡›`ve× mvwn‡Z¨i
fvlv wKQyUv K…wÎg ev mvRv‡bv- evbv‡bv Ges we‡kl ˆkjxwbf©i n‡q I‡V| G‡K ejv nq
mvwnwZ¨K fvlv| hLb †_‡K eY©gvjvi Avwe®‹vi n‡q‡Q, gvbyl wjL‡Z wk‡L‡Qg, GLb †_‡K
mvwnwZ¨K fvlv †jLv iƒc †c‡q‡Q| Gw`K †_‡K fvlvixwZi `ywU iƒc cvw”Q (K) K_¨ ixwZ I
(L) mvwnwZ¨K ev †jL¨ ixwZ|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 117

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

gv‡qi gyL †_‡K †kLv eywj w`‡q Avgiv Av‡M fv‡ei Av`vb-cÖ`vb ïiæ Kwi| G‡KB e‡j K_¨
fvlv| K_¨ fvlv Kv‡Ri fvlv, ˆ`bw›`b e¨env‡ii fvlv| K_¨ fvlvi Avevi `ywU iƒc †`Lv
w`‡Z cv‡i, hw` ¯’vb I Kv‡ji e¨eav‡b GKwU fvlv GKvwaK Dc fvlvq iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| †m-
`ywU iƒ‡ci GKwU n‡”Q fvlv †_‡K RvZ wewfbœ Dc fvlv- wfwËK AvÂwjK K_¨ ixwZ|
Av‡iKwU gvb K_¨ ev cÖwgZ K_¨ ixwZ- hv wewfbœ Dcfvlvfvlx ev AvÂwjK K_¨ ixwZi
e¨enviKvix RbMY GKwU mvaviY fvlvixwZ wn‡m‡e fv‡ei Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ e¨envi
K‡i| †gvU K_v K_¨ fvlvixwZ `ywU:

(K) AvÂwjK K_¨ ev Dc fvlv ixwZ|

(L) gvb K_¨ ev cÖwgZ K_¨ ixwZ|

Gevi c~e© cÖm‡½ †div hvK| cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlvi †¶‡Î Avgiv `ywU fvlvixwZ j¶¨
Kwi:

1. cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© K_¨ ixwZ- †h fvlv ZLbKvi fviZxq Avh© fvlv-fvlxiv ˆ`bw›`b
Rxe‡b e¨envi KiZ|

2. cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© mvwnwZ¨K ixwZ- †e‡` †h fvlv e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| †e‡` e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q
e‡j Gi cÖPwjZ bvg ˆew`K fvlv| Q‡›`ve× e‡j G‡K ÔQv›`m&Õ ejv nq| Avevi †evSvi
mywe‡ai Rb¨ G‡K ˆew`K-ms¯‹…Z ejv nq|

cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© K_¨ fvlv e¨env‡i Kvj I ¯’v‡bi cwieZ©‡b †ek K‡qKwU iƒc jvf K‡i|
G‡`i‡K GK K_vq ejv nq ga¨ fviZxq Avh©fvlv| cÖK…wZ †_‡K RvZ ev ¯^vfvweK eywj e‡j
G‡K cÖvK…Z I ejv nq| A‡ji bvgvbymv‡i cÖvK…Z fvlv¸‡jv ev ga¨ fviZxq Avh© fvlv
¸‡jvi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb, gnviv‡óª gvnvivóªx cÖvK…Z, gM‡a gvMax cÖvK…Z; †MŠ‡o
†MŠox cÖvK…Z k~i‡m‡b †kŠi‡mbx cÖvK…Z BZ¨vw`|

G Kv‡jI Avgiv fvlvixwZi cÖavb `ywU iƒ‡ci cwiPq cvB| K_¨ ixwZ wn‡m‡e wewfbœ K_¨
cÖvK…Z| K_¨ cÖvK…Z †_‡K gvb K_¨ cvwj| cvkvcvwk M‡o I‡V mvwnwZ¨K cvwj I mvwnwZ¨K
cÖvK…Z| cvwj fvlvq †eŠ× agx©q MÖš’vewj ÔwÎwcUKÕ iwPZ|

ms¯‹…Z bvUK¸‡jv wewfbœ Pwi‡Îi msjv‡c I Mv‡b wewfbœ cÖKvi cÖvK…Z fvlvi cwiPq †g‡j|

mgq Kv‡ji w`K †_‡K ga¨ fviZxq Avh© fvlv ev cÖvK…Z fvlvi Kvj‡K wLª÷c~e© 1000 †_‡K
600 wLª÷v‡ãi ga¨eZx© Kv‡ji e‡j wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlv †_‡K ga¨ fviZxq Avh© fvlvi D™¢e NUvi ci cÖviw¤¢K Kv‡j gvb
K_¨ I mvwnwZ¨K fvlv iƒ‡c ms¯‹…Z fvlvi D™¢e N‡U| A‡b‡K e‡jb cÖK…wZMZ fv‡e †kLv
eywj e‡j mvaviY K_¨ fvlv cÖvK…Z Avi ms¯‹vi K‡i mve©Rb‡eva¨, wkó cÖwgZ ev gvb iƒc
cÖ`vb Kiv nj e‡j †mB cÖwgZ ev gvb iƒ‡ci bvgKiY Kiv nq Ôms¯‹…ZÕ| gy‡Li eywj ev K_¨
cÖvK…Z‡K ïay ÔfvlvÕ e‡jI ms¯‹…Z-cwÛ‡Ziv AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 118

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q, fviZxq Avh© fvlvi ga¨¯Í‡ii Avw` c‡e© cÖvK…Z fvlv¸‡jvi (AvÂwjK ev
Dcfvlv¸‡jvi) m„wói ci ciB gvb K_¨ Ges GKB mv‡_ mvwnwZ¨K ev †jL¨ fvlv iƒ‡c
ms¯‹…‡Zi D™¢e N‡U‡Q|

fvlvixwZi cv_©K¨ _vKv m‡Ë¡I mvaviY gvbyl ˆew`K fvlv‡K ms¯‹…‡Zi mv‡_ wgwk‡q ms¯‹…Z
fvlvB e‡j _v‡Kb| Z‡e †e‡`i fvlv‡K e‡jb Ôˆew`K ms¯‹…ZÕ Ges †e` cieZx© Kv‡ji
ms¯‹…Z‡K e‡jb †jŠwKK ms¯‹…Z|

ga¨ fviZxq Avh© K_¨ fvlv 600 wLª÷v‡ãi c‡i Avevi iƒcvšÍi jvf Kij| G ¯Í‡ii fvlv‡K
ejv nq AvaywbK fviZxq Avh©fvlv| G‡KKwU cÖvK…Z †_‡K G‡KKwU AvaywbK fviZxq
Avh©fvlv G‡m‡Q| †hgb gnvivóªx †_‡K gvivVx, gvMVx ev †MŠox cÖvK…Z †_‡K evsjv BZ¨vw`|

¯’vb I Kv‡ji e¨eav‡b K_¨ ms¯‹…‡Zi e¨envi K‡g Av‡m, ¯^vfvweK fv‡eB wbR wbR
AvÂwjK fvlv ev K_¨ cÖvK…Z e¨envi †e‡o hvq| wKš‘ mvaviY mvwnwZ¨K fvlv, ag© I Ávb
PP©vi fvlv Ges †¶Î we‡k‡l ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e ms¯‹…Z fvlv m‡MŠi‡e e¨eüZ n‡Z _v‡K|

fvlv K_¨ixwZi cwieZ©b mvwnZ¨ ixwZ‡KI cÖfvweZ K‡i| ms¯‹…Z fvlvI Zvi e¨wZµg bq|
Z‡e G cwieZ©‡bi MwZ LyeB gš’i|

†e` cv‡Vi Rb¨ ˆew`K ms¯‹…Z Ges Dcwbl`, cyivY, ivgvqY, gnvfviZ, MxZv cÖf…wZ ag©MÖš’
cvV Kivi Rb¨ ms¯‹…Z fvlvi Ávb Acwinvh©|

ms¯‹…Z fvlv m¤ú‡K© Ávb jv‡fi Rb¨ ms¯‹…Z e¨vKiYMÖš’ cvV Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| ms¯‹…Z iPbv
Ges ms¯‹…Z †_‡K evsjvq, evsjv †_‡K ms¯‹…‡Z Abyev` Kiv, Aby‡”Q` iPbv cÖf…wZ wel‡qI
MÖš’vw` Av‡Q| †m¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i, cvV Ki‡j ms¯‹…Z fvlvi Ávb jvf Kiv hv‡e|

mvivsk B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlv †Mvôxi Ab¨Zg kvLv n‡”Q fviZxq Avh©fvlv| fviZxq Avh© fvlvi
weKv‡ki wZbwU ¯Íi i‡q‡Q| h_v, (1) cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlv, (2) ga¨ fviZxq Avh© fvlv
Ges (3) AvaywbK fviZxq Avh©fvlv| cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlvi GKwU mvwnwZ¨K iƒc ˆew`K
fvlv| ga¨ fviZxq Avh© fvlv gnvivóªx †kŠi‡mbx gvMax, †MŠox cÖf…wZ K‡qKwU kvLv i‡q‡Q|
G ch©v‡q cÖwgZ K_¨ I mvwnwZ¨K fvlviƒ‡c ms¯‹…Z fvlvi m„wó n‡q‡Q| ga¨ fviZxq Avh©
fvlvi Avw` ¯Í‡i cvwj bvgK GKwU gvbK_¨ I mvwnwZ¨K fvlviI D™¢e N‡U| ga¨ fviZxq
Avh© fvlv¸‡jvi Aci bvg cÖvK…Z| cÖvK…Z fvlv¸‡jv cwiewZ©Z n‡q evsjv, Angxqv, Iwoqv,
wn›`x, gvivVx cÖf…wZ fvlvi Rb¥ nq|

ˆew`K fvlv‡K ˆew`K ms¯‹…ZI ejv nq| Avi †e` cieZx© ms¯‹…Z fvlv‡K ejv nq| †jŠwKK
ms¯‹…Z fvlv| ms¯‹…Z fvlvi I ax‡i cwieZ©b N‡U‡Q, Z‡e Zvi MwZ Lye gš’i Ges
cwieZ©‡bi cwigvYI Lye †ewk bq| †e` cv‡Vi Rb¨ ˆew`K ms¯‹…Z Ges ivgvqY, gnvfviZ,
cyivY, MxZv cÖf…wZ ag©MÖ‡š’i Rb¨ ms¯‹…Z fvlvi Ávb Acwinvh©| ms¯‹…Z fvlv m¤ú‡K© Ávb
jvf Kivi Rb¨ ms¯‹…Z e¨vKiY I iPbv welqK MÖš’vw` cvV Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 119

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.1

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ:

mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b|

1| †Kvb& g~j fvlv †Mvôx †_‡K ms¯‹…Z fvlvi m„wó n‡q‡Q?

K. `ªvweo
L. AwֻK
M. B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq
N. wm‡bvwU‡eUvb|

2| ms¯‹…Z fvlv mivmwi †Kvb fvlv †_‡K D™¢‚Z?

K. fviZxq Avh© fvlv
L. B‡›`v-Bivbxq fvlv
M. `ªvweo fvlv
N. cvnjex fvlv|

3| g~j ivgvqY †Kvb& fvlvq iwPZ?

K. evsjv
L. Zvwgj
M. ms¯‹…Z
N. wn›`x|

4| fvlvixwZi cÖavb iƒc KqwU?

K. PviwU
L. `kwU
M. wZbwU
N. `yBwU|

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 120

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 10.2 †`ebvMix eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb−

†`ebvMix eY©gvjv Kq cÖKvi I wK wK Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

†`ebvMix wjwc‡Z wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|

†`ebvMix e‡Y© †jLv co‡Z m¶g n‡eb|

msL¨vi cÖZxK wPý †`ebvMix‡Z wjL‡Z I co‡Z cvi‡eb|

†`ebvMix eY©gvjvq `ycÖKv‡ii eY© i‡q‡Q: †hgb ¯^ieY© I e¨ÄbeY©| ¯^ieY©mg~n wb‡R wb‡RB
D”PvwiZ n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ e¨ÄbeY©¸‡jv D”Pvi‡Yi mgq ¯^ie‡Y©i mnvqZv wb‡Z nq| wb‡gœ
¯^ieY©, e¨Äb eY© Ges msL¨vm~K wPý¸‡jv †`Iqv nj:

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 121

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 122

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 123

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 124

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 125

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

mvivsk [†`ebvMix eY©gvjvi ¯^ieY© Ges e¨ÄYe‡Y©i cwiPq i‡q‡Q G cv‡V| G Qvov msL¨vi cÖZxK
wPý mn wKQy hy³eY© †jLvi bgybv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q ]

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 126

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.2

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ:

mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b|

1| †`ebvMix eY©gvjv‡K Kq †kªwY‡Z fvM Kiv hvq?

K. `yB †kªwY‡Z
L. wZb †kªwY‡Z
M. Pvi †kªwY‡Z
N. cuvP †kªwY‡Z|

2| †`ebvMix wjwc‡Z Ôwe`¨vjqÕ kã †KvbwU?

K.
L.
M.
N.

3| †`ebvMix A¶‡i †jLv kãwU evsjvq wjL‡j wK n‡e?

K. c‡Ùv™¢e
L. R‡jv™¢e
M. g‡bv™¢e
N. cy‡®úv™¢e|

4| wb‡Pi †KvbwU 1987 mvj?

K.
L.
M.
N.

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 127

 wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

cvV 10.3 ms¯‹…Z fvlvq mij evK¨ cÖ‡qvM

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb-

†`ebvMix wjwc‡Z †jLv co‡Z cvi‡eb|

ms¯‹…Z mij ev‡K¨i A_© ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

bxjeY©k„MvjK_v MíwU eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

`y-GKwU mij ms¯‹…Z evK¨ MVb Ki‡Z mg_© n‡eb|

welqe¯‘

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 128

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 129

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

e½vbyev`:

bxjeY©k„MvjK_v

†Kvb GK e‡b PÐie bv‡g GK k„Mvj evm KiZ| †m GKevi ¶avq KvZi n‡q bM‡i cÖ‡ek
Kij| ZLb bMievmxiv Avi KzKzi¸‡jv Zvi cðv‡Z avweZ nj †mI cÖv‡Yi f‡q wbKU¯’ GK
†avcvi evwo‡Z Xz‡K coj| †mLv‡b wM‡q †m bxj‡Mvjvb-Rj-fwZ© GKwU cv‡Îi †fZi c‡o
†Mj| †mLvb †_‡K IVvi ci Zvi MvÎeY© bxj n‡q †Mj| Zvici PÐie e‡bi †fZi cÖ‡ek
Kij|

ZLb Zvi bxjeY© †`‡L wmsn, e¨vNª cÖf…wZ cï‡`i mK‡j f‡q e¨vKzj n‡q cvjv‡Z jvMj|
PÊie fqvZ© cï‡`i ejj-- ÔI‡n, I‡n cïiv, fq †bB| Avgvi bvg KzKz``ªyg, Avwg cï‡`i
ivRv|

Zv ï‡b wmsn-e¨vNªvw` cïiv nwiY wkKvi K‡i Zvi m¤§y‡L wb‡¶c Kij|

GK`v †mB ivRv k„Mvj‡`i Wv‡Ki kã ïb‡Z †cj| †mB kã ï‡b cyjwKZ kix‡i
Avb›`vkÖæc~Y© bq‡b D‡V Zvi¯^‡i wPrKvi K‡i DVj| ZLb †mB wmsnvw` cïiv Zv‡K Ôk„MvjÕ
†R‡b nZ¨v Kij|

UxKv I kãv_©:

Kw¯§swð؇b- Kw¯§swðr+e‡b| PÐi‡ev- PÐiet- Gi c‡i e¨ÄbeY© ÔbvgÕ Gi ÔbÕ _vKv‡Z

wemM© (t) ÔIÕ- Kvi n‡q ÔPÐi‡evÕ n‡q‡Q| bMievwmbt- bMievmxiv| mvi‡gqvt- KzKzi¸‡jv|
mvi‡gq= KzKzi| cÖvYfqvr- cÖv‡Yi f‡q| iRK- †avcv| Kvbb- eb| cÖZ‡¯’- cÖ¯’vb Kij|
bxjeY©ge‡jvK¨- bxjeY©g& + Ae‡jvK¨, bxj eY© †`‡L| k¦vc`vt- cïiv| b †fZe¨g&- fq
†bB| cyjwKZ- Avbw›`Z| Zby- kixi| Avb›`vkÖæ- Avb‡›`i d‡j †h Kvbœv Av‡m| DÌvq-
D‡V| Zvi¯^‡iY- D”PK‡É|

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 130

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.3

A) eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ:

mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK (√) wPý w`b|

1| †Kvb kãwU Ô Õ kãwUi evsjv wjwc‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ iƒc?

(K) ms¯‹…wZ
(L) m¤úÖwZ
(M) ms¯‹…Z
(N) ms¯‹vi|

2| Gi A_© wK?
(K) Avwg KKz``ªæg ivRv|
(L) Avwg KKz``ªæg bvgK ivR|
(M) KKz``ªæg bv‡g GK ivRv|
(N) KKz``ªæg wQ‡jb GKRb ivRv|

3| bxj eY© k„Mv‡ji bvg wK?

(K) PÐxei
(L) PÐie
(M) PÐP‚o
(N) Pµai|

4| Zvici PÐei e‡b wM‡qwQj- Gi ms¯‹…Z Abyev` †KvbwU?

(K)
(L)
(M)
(N)

Av) iPbvg~jK cÖkœ:

1| ms¯‹…Z fvlvi D™¢e I weKvk m¤ú‡K© ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

(cvV- 1 †_‡K ms‡¶‡c wjLyb)

2| wn›`yag© PP©vi Rb¨ ms¯‹…Z fvlvÁvb Acwinvh© †Kb?

(cvV- 1 †`Lyb)

wn›`y ag© c„ôv- 131

wmGW †cÖvMÖvg ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

3| evsjv wjwc‡Z †jLv wb¤œwjwLZ k㸇jv †`ebvMix e‡Y© wjLyb|

(K) kªxK…ò (L) Ckvb (M) cy®ú
(N) AÄb (O) P›`b (P) mgvß
(cvV- 2 Abymi‡Y wjLyb)

4| ÔbxjeY©-k„Mvj-K_vÕ MíwU evsjv fvlvq eY©bv Kiæb|

(cvV- 3 Abymi‡Y wjLyb)

B) ms‡¶‡c DËi w`b:

K. cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© fvlvi cwiPq w`b| (cvV- 1 †`Lyb)

L. cÖavb fvlvixwZ `ywU wK wK? ms‡¶‡c eywS‡q wjLyb| (cvV- 2 †`Lyb)
M. 1 †_‡K 10 ch©šÍ †`ebvMix wjwc‡Z wjLyb| (cvV- 2 †`Lyb)
N. k„Mvj wK K‡i bxje‡Y©i n‡q †Mj? (cvV- 3 †`Lyb)
O. bxjeY©-k„Mvj wbnZ nj wKfv‡e? (cvV- 3 †`Lyb)

DËigvjv

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ 10.1

1. M; 2. L; 3. M; 4.N

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ 10.2

1. K; 2. M; 3. N; 4. K

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqbÑ 10.3

1. M; 2. K; 3. L; 4. K

BDwbU- 10 c„ôv- 132