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Ch6 l7 Activity Sheet

This activity sheet guides students through experiments to investigate temperature changes in chemical reactions involving baking soda and vinegar, as well as baking soda and calcium chloride. It explains the concepts of endothermic and exothermic reactions, encouraging students to observe and record temperature changes and energy dynamics during these reactions. Additionally, it includes further investigations with disposable hand warmers and self-inflating balloons to explore practical applications of these chemical reactions.

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quluzadeg09
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2 views

Ch6 l7 Activity Sheet

This activity sheet guides students through experiments to investigate temperature changes in chemical reactions involving baking soda and vinegar, as well as baking soda and calcium chloride. It explains the concepts of endothermic and exothermic reactions, encouraging students to observe and record temperature changes and energy dynamics during these reactions. Additionally, it includes further investigations with disposable hand warmers and self-inflating balloons to explore practical applications of these chemical reactions.

Uploaded by

quluzadeg09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Activity Sheet Name

Chapter 6, Lesson 7
Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions Date

ACTIVITY

Question to Investigate
Does the temperature increase, decrease, or stay the same in the
reaction between baking soda and vinegar?

Materials
• Vinegar in a cup
• Baking soda in a cup
• Thermometer
Procedure
1. Place a thermometer in the vinegar. Read the
thermometer and record the temperature on the
activity sheet.

2. While the thermometer is in the cup, add all the baking


soda from your cup.

3. Watch the thermometer to observe any change in


temperature. Record the temperature after it has
stopped changing.

1. Did the temperature increase, decrease, or stay the same when you combined
baking soda and vinegar?

2. What is the lowest temperature reached during your group’s reaction?

Middle School Chemistry 1 ©2023 American Chemical Society


Question to Investigate
Does the temperature increase, decrease, or stay the same in the reaction
between baking soda solution and calcium chloride?
Materials
• Baking soda solution in a cup
• Calcium chloride in a cup
• Thermometer
Procedure
1. Place a thermometer in the baking soda solution. Read the thermometer and
record the temperature on the activity sheet.

2. While the thermometer is in the cup, add all the calcium chloride from the cup.

3. Watch the thermometer to observe any change in temperature. Record the


temperature when it stops changing.

3. Did the temperature increase, decrease, or stay the same when you combined baking
soda solution and calcium chloride?

4. What is the highest temperature reached during your group’s reaction?

EXPLAIN IT WITH ATOMS & MOLECULES

When the temperature of a chemical reaction decreases, the reaction is called an


endothermic reaction. When the temperature of a chemical reaction increases, the
reaction is called an exothermic reaction.
Vinegar and baking soda reaction

+ + +

C2H4O2 NaHCO3 NaC2H3O2 H2O CO2


acetic acid sodium sodium water carbon
bicarbonate acetate dioxide
5. Is this an endothermic or exothermic reaction? _____________________

Middle School Chemistry 2 ©2023 American Chemical Society


6. Draw an energy arrow on the reactant side and another on the product side to
compare the amount of energy used and released during the reaction.

7. What do the arrows show about the amount of energy required to break the bonds
of the reactants compared to the amount of energy released when the products are
formed?

Baking soda solution and calcium chloride reaction

+ + + +

CaCl2 2NaHCO3 CaCO3 2NaCl H2O CO2


calcium chloride sodium calcium sodium water carbon
bicarbonate carbonat chlorid dioxide
e e
8. Is this an endothermic or exothermic reaction? _______________________

9. Draw an energy arrow on the reactant side and another on the product side to
compare the amount of energy used and released during the reaction.

10. What do the arrows show about the amount of energy required to break the bonds
of the reactants compared to the amount of energy released when the products
were formed?

Middle School Chemistry 3 ©2023 American Chemical Society


TAKE IT FURTHER

Disposable hand warmers and self-inflating balloons use different chemical reactions to
make them work. Both are packaged so that the reactants are kept separate. Once the
consumer causes the reactants to combine, the chemical reactions begin.

Question to Investigate
How can endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions be useful?

Materials for Each Group


• Disposable self-heating hand warmer
• Self-inflating balloon

Procedure
1. Open the package the hand warmer is in to begin the chemical reaction.

2. Shake the hand warmer and feel for any temperature change.
3. Activate the self-inflating balloon by either pressing down or stepping on the
packet of citric acid to rupture it.

4. Shake the balloon and feel the area on the balloon where the liquid is.

5. Be sure everyone in your group has a chance to feel both the hand-warmer
and the self-inflating balloon.

11. Which is an example of an endothermic reaction?

Which is an example of an exothermic reaction?

12. For the hand warmer, what can you say about the amount of energy required to
break bonds in the reactants compared to the amount of energy that is released
when bonds are formed in the products?

13. For the self-inflating balloon, what can you say about the amount of energy
required to break bonds in the reactants compared to the amount of energy that is
released when bonds are formed in the products?

Middle School Chemistry 4 ©2023 American Chemical Society


EXTRA EXTEND

Question to investigate
What clues do you observe that a chemical reaction is taking place?

Materials for each group


• Magnesium sulfate solution in cup
• Sodium carbonate solution in cup
• Citric acid solution in cup
• Universal indicator
• Thermometer
• Dropper

Procedure
1. Add 5 drops of universal indicator to the magnesium
sulfate solution.

2. Place a thermometer in the cup and record the


temperature of the solution.
3. Add 10 mL of sodium carbonate solution.

4. Add 10 mL of citric acid.

14. What clues do you observe that let you know that a chemical reaction is taking
place?

15. In this chemical reaction, you may not have noticed a temperature change. Use
what you know about energy in the breaking and making of bonds to explain how
this can be.

Middle School Chemistry 5 ©2023 American Chemical Society

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