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2019mid2

The document is a midterm exam for a course on crystal structures and diffraction theory, containing various problems related to lattice structures, diffraction grating, reciprocal lattices, and structure factors. It includes calculations and derivations for different crystal types, such as tetragonal, B.C.C., and FCC, as well as specific examples involving Nickel and a two-dimensional crystal. The exam tests understanding of fundamental concepts in crystallography and diffraction techniques.

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4 views

2019mid2

The document is a midterm exam for a course on crystal structures and diffraction theory, containing various problems related to lattice structures, diffraction grating, reciprocal lattices, and structure factors. It includes calculations and derivations for different crystal types, such as tetragonal, B.C.C., and FCC, as well as specific examples involving Nickel and a two-dimensional crystal. The exam tests understanding of fundamental concepts in crystallography and diffraction techniques.

Uploaded by

st7264699
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Crystal Structures and Diffraction Theory


(1041 OMS 204100) Midterm Exam #2 ,
12/06/2019 10:10 AM -12:00 PM
1. Derive the formula for the d-spacing of hkl plane of a tetragonal lattice
with lattice constant a, and c. (8%)
2. A diffraction grating is described as
o, lxl 2:: w ;2
f(x) =蠶~3 8(x - na) * g(x), where g(x) = f
1, lxl~w;2·
(* means convolution!) Derive the Fourier transform of the diffraction
grating. (10%)
3. Consider a two dimensional square lattice (Figure 1). Draw the
corresponding reciprocal lattice using primitive cell (lattice (1)) (5%)
and the corresponding reciprocal lattice using the unit cell (double cell)
(lattice (2)) (5%). (3) Derive the structure factor for both cases. (8%) (4)
Finally, using the structure factor obtained in (3) to remove the
reciprocal lattice points that do not exist. (4%) (You have to index your
reciprocal lattice points for both cases!).
4. The room-temperature structure for Nickel has the space group Fm3m
(face centered cubic) with the lattice constant of 3 .524 A. Calculate the
structure factor, discuss the reflection rule for the structure and listed
the (hkl) of thefrst 3 diffraction peaks (i.e. the existed diffraction
peaks with smal區， second smallest , and third smallest values of
h2+k2+P.). (12%) If we use Cu Ka (入= 1.542 A) as the X-ray source,
calculate the values of structure factor for the first three diffraction
peaks of Ni using the following Table. (12%)

sinS/>N'.A') I is I 2~:! I I 2竺~s I 1~:~。 I 1~::s I 1~:!6 I 1~::1


5. Assuming there is a two dimensional crystal with square lattice and the
diffraction sample consists of 4 grains. With (100) direction pointed at
0°, 22.5°, 45°, and 67 .5°to the reference crystal. (see Fig. 2). Draw the
reciprocal lattice for this diffraction sample! (6%) [Hint: all the origin
of the reciprocal lattice for each grain will be at the same position]

6. Find out the angle between (111) and (212) planes for a B.C.C. crystal
and a FCC crystal (8%).
) --->
7. Show that the diffraction condition k'- k = 2rrG is the same as
~

Bragg's Law. The definition of the symbols are the same as those in the
lecture note. (10%)
8. Assume we have a two dimensional (2D) crystal with chemical formula
ABC2 with the space group (c2mm). The following table is the
positions for atoms of the structure c2mm. Assuming A atoms, B atoms,
~<l
and C atoms occupy position.i.1-a, 2b, and 4c, respectively. Draw the
unit cell (with A, B, and C atoms filled in) for this 2D crystal (6%) and
derive the structure factor for the crystal. (Using/A,/8, and 丘 to
represent the atomic form factor of A, B, and C atoms, respectively.)
(6%)
Wyckoff Site
Multiplicity Coordinates
Letter symmetry
8 f 1 x,y x,y x,y x,y
4 e .m. O,y O,y
4 d .. ill x, O 元， O
」

4 C 2 .. 1/4, 1/4 3/4, 1/4


2 b 2mm 0,1 /2
I 2 a 2mm 0,0

...
.. • .
^
.... ... .
. ..口....
r. . .
．． ")

........• ....• 囑
)

• .... ｀」

(1) primitive cell (2) Unit cell

Figure 1

• • • • . .I.
.... .
. . . . . .. . ..
. . .. .
(-

....
../. .
.. . .
. . . . . . . . .. • /.
. . . .. . ....
..
Fig. 2 (I didn't fill in all the space)

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