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L1 Distance and Midpoint

This document outlines a Grade 10 lesson on Analytical Geometry, focusing on calculating distances and midpoints between points on the Cartesian plane. It includes lesson objectives, prior knowledge requirements, and various exercises for students to practice these concepts. The lesson emphasizes the use of distance and midpoint formulas in different scenarios, as well as reflection on achieving the lesson objectives.

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bbiyela
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2 views

L1 Distance and Midpoint

This document outlines a Grade 10 lesson on Analytical Geometry, focusing on calculating distances and midpoints between points on the Cartesian plane. It includes lesson objectives, prior knowledge requirements, and various exercises for students to practice these concepts. The lesson emphasizes the use of distance and midpoint formulas in different scenarios, as well as reflection on achieving the lesson objectives.

Uploaded by

bbiyela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS

ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY – LENGTH AND MIDPOINT


GRADE 10
MR. B T BIYELA
LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson you should be able to:

❑ Determine the distance between two points which are horizontally / vertically
aligned.
❑ Determine the distance between two points which are skew.
❑ Make use of the distance formula in different scenarios.
❑ Determine the midpoint of two points and make use of the midpoint formula in
different scenarios.
Introduction
• Analytical Geometry is the study of Geometry, using the Cartesian
plane.
• It is an algebraic approach to the study of Geometry.
• Geometric shapes are drawn on a cartesian plane or coordinate
system.

• DIT = Do it together
• DIY = Do it yourself
• @ Home = Homework
Prior Knowledge
• Cartesian plane or Coordinate system learned in Grade 8 and 9
DIY1
In which quadrant on the Cartesian plane are these points located?
y
1. A(-1;6)
2. B(-3;-4)
3. C(7;-5)
2 1
4. D(6;8) x
5. E(0;5) 3 4
6. F(-3;0)
7. (0; 0)
OBJECTIVE 1
When two points are vertically aligned, they have the same x-coordinate. The distance
between the points can be determined by subtracting their y-coordinates.
Let 𝐴(𝑥; 𝑦1 ) and 𝐵(𝑥; 𝑦2 )
𝑑 = 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
OBJECTIVE 1
When two points are horizontally aligned, they have the same y-coordinate. The distance
between the points can be determined by subtracting their x-coordinates.
Let 𝐴(𝑥1 ; 𝑦) and 𝐵(𝑥2 ; 𝑦)
𝑑 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
OBJECTIVE 2
When two points are skew, they do not share any coordinates. The distance between the
points can be determined by making use of ideas from OBJECTIVES 1 and PYTHAGORAS
THEOREM.
Let P(𝑥1 ; 𝑦1 ) and Q(𝑥2 ; 𝑦2 ).
DIT 1
Given: B (-2; 5) and C (3; -6)
1.1 Calculate the distance between B and C. / Calculate the length of BC
𝐷𝐼𝑌2
Given 𝐴 1; 4 , 𝐵(−3; 2) and 𝐶(0; 3)
1.Determine the length of AB, BC and AC.

2. What type of a triangle is ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶?


𝐷𝐼𝑌3
Show that A (1;1) is equidistant from B (2;4) and C(-2;2)
OBJECTIVE 3
Consider two points A(𝑥1 ; 𝑦1 ) and B(𝑥2 ; 𝑦2 ).
The middle-point (midpoint) between these points can be determined by :
𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
𝑥𝑀 = and 𝑦𝑀 =
2 2
𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
This can be combined into one formula 𝑀( 2 ; ).
2
The combined formula works well if you are looking for the midpoint.
The individual formulae work well if you are looking for one of the points and
you have the midpoint.
DIT 2
Given: B (-2; 5) and C (3; -6)
2.1 Calculate the midpoint of BC
𝐷𝐼𝑌4
1.Determine the midpoint of A(−2; 6) and B(4; −12).
DIY4
2. If C(−1; 3) is the midpoint of A(4; 𝑝) and B 𝑞; −6 , determine the values of 𝑝
and 𝑞.
@HOME: MAS G10: Page 190 to 191: Exercise 1
MAS G10: Page 193 to 194: Ex 2
REFLECTION
After finishing the @home , look at the lesson objectives to ensure you have achieved them.

OBJECTIVE ACHIEVED? Y/N


Determine the distance between two points which are horizontally /
vertically aligned and the distance between two points which are
skew.
Make use of the distance formula in different scenarios.
Determine the midpoint of two points and make use of the midpoint
formula in different scenarios.

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