Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III-CENTRAL LUZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF TARLAC PROVINCE
SACATA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SANTA IGNACIA, TARLAC

Name: _________________________________ Score: ____________________

Grade & Section: ________________________ Date: _____________________

Pre-Final Examination in Science 8

(4th QUARTER)
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The digestive phases/processes such as the ingestion, absorption, assimilation, and excretion.
What is the main function of the digestive system?
A. It holds and receives food.
B. It removes excess water from the body.
C. It controls the chemical activities of the body.
D. It breaks down food into nutrients as source of energy.
2. Ingestion is the first process of digestion and it refers to the entry of food into the alimentary
canal through the mouth. Where does the digestion in mouth begin?
A. lips, tongue and teeth
B. teeth, tongue and saliva
C. cheeks, lips and tongue
D. tonsils, lips and salivary gland
3. In the mouth, the presence of the enzyme in our saliva helps in digesting the food we eat. The
presence of different enzymes in our stomach also helps in the chemical digestion of the food.
Which two enzymes are present in gastric juices?
a. Pepsin and Amylase
b. Diastase and Amylase
c. Rennin and Amylase
d. Pepsin and Rennin
4. The pancreas is an organ connected to the digestive tract of human by a duct tube through
which digestive enzymes flow. What is the role of these enzymes in our digestive system?
A. Form protein needed in the stomach.
B. Form the acid that breaks down the food.
C. Change food material into waste that can be passed out of the body.
D. Change food substance into molecules that can pass into the bloodstream and cells.
5. This is where the food is mechanically broken down by chewing chewed pulp and the tongue
helps in pushing the bits and broken into small pieces for easier digestion. In here, the saliva
softens the food into the pharynx. Based on the illustration, where this process happens?

A. C.

B. D.

6. Most of the absorption process happens in the small intestine. The lining of the small
intestine has finger-liker projections called villi and microvilli which increases the
surface area for absorption. Which substances are released into the small intestine of a
human that helps in digestion?
A. Bile, hydrochloric acid and pancreatic juices
B. Hydrochloric acid, pancreatic juice and intestinal juices
C. Salivary amylase, intestinal juices and pancreatic juices
7. Digestive system is the system responsible for breaking down food particles and gives nutrients
to the different parts of the body. It is a complex process of turning the food you eat into
nutrients which our body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair needed to survive. Which of
the following organs represents the correct order through which food passes in the alimentary
canal?
A. Mouth- esophagus-stomach-large intestine-anus
B. Mouth-stomach-pancreas-small intestine-pancreas-liver-anus
C. Mouth-esophagus-stomach-small intestine-large intestine-anus
D. Mouth-stomach-pancreas-small intestine-liver-large intestine-anus
8. Mouth, tongue, teeth, and saliva work together to perform the ingestion process. What is the
role of teeth in digestion?
A. They breakdown food mechanically, increasing the surface area of the food for enzymes
action.
B. They breakdown food chemically, aiding the movements of the food through the esophagus.
C. They breakdown food mechanically, stimulating enzymes synthesis in the food.
D. They breakdown food chemically, mixing saliva in the food for easier digestion.
9. The chromosome of a cell form as the cell transitions from one stage to another in a typical cell
cycle. The cell cycle is divided into two stages: the interphase and the cell division phase. Which
stage occurs when chromosomes are pulled apart by the spindle fibers?
A. Anaphase
B. Interphase
C. Prophase
D. Telophase
10. The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. It is called___.

A. Mitosis B. Meiosis I C. Meiosis II D. Cytokinesis

11. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events that occurs during interphase?
I. G1 Phase II. G2 phase III. S phase
A. I, II, III
B. I, III, II
C. III, I, II
D. III, II, I
12. Chromosomes play an important role in both mitosis and meiosis. Which of the following
statement is INCORRECT about meiosis?
A. Meiosis occurs in gametes (sex cells)
B. Meiosis undergoes a reduction division during its second division.
C. Crossing over happens more frequently in mitosis than in meiosis.
D. Meiosis generates haploid cells while mitosis generates diploid cells.
13. Supposed that a cell is unable to replicate its DNA. Which of the following would NOT be
present in the cell?
A. DNA
B. Genes
C. Homologous chromosome
D. Sister chromatids
14. Mitosis is important for sexual reproduction indirectly. It allows the sexually reproducing
organism to grow and develop from single cell into a sexually mature individual. This allows the
organism to continue to reproduce through the generations. How mitosis differ in plant and
animal cells?
A. Chromosomes are replicated in plants but not in animals.
B. The nuclear membrane reforms in plant but not in animals.
C. A cell plant divides the cytoplasm in plants but not in animals.
D. The replicated chromosomes separate in plants but not in animals.
15. Meiosis is the first of the two separate divisions during which the diploid cell separates into two
diploid cells. This is the step of meiosis where genetic variation is created by recombination. It is
often called the reduction division. This is because it is here that the chromosome complement
is reduced from diploid (two copies) to haploid (one copy). What is the correct representation of
Telophase?
 A. B. C. D.

16.A dog (Canis lupus familiaris) has body chromosomes of 52. How many chromosomes are
there in its gametes?
A. 26 B. 30 C. 52 D. 104

17. Which statement concerning a pair of alleles for a gene is controlling a single characteristic in
humans is true?
A. Both genes come from the father.
B. Both genes come from the mother.
C. The genes come randomly in pairs from either the mother or father
D. One gene comes from the mother and one gene comes from the father.
18. Curly hair is dominant over straight hair. If both parents with curly hair reproduced a child
with straight hair, which of the following statements is true?
A. The child is heterozygous for the straight hair character.
B. One of the parents is heterozygous curly.
C. Both parents have heterozygous gene pair for curly hair
D. It is impossible for two parents with curly hair to have a child with straight hair.
19. In plants, for example, the color trait of the flower will depend on the type of allele inherited by
the offspring. Each parent plant transfers one of the alleles to their offspring. And these sets of
alleles in the offspring will depend on the chromosomes of the two gametes uniting at
fertilization. Which of the following statements best describes the Law of Segregation?
A. The pair of genes separates or segregates during gamete formation.
B. When the pair of genes of an individual is heterozygous, only one of the two genes is
physically expressed.
C. It describes the genes and physical make up of an organism.
D. The distribution or assortment of one pair of factors is independent of the distribution of the
other pair.
20. What would be the offspring if we crossbreed homozygous dominant yellow (YY) seed with
heterozygous recessive green (yy) seed?
A. The offspring will be 100% yellow seed.
B. It will have an offspring with 50% yellow and 50% green seed.
C. The offspring will be 100% green seed.
D. The offspring will have 75% yellow seed and 25% green seed

21. Gregor Mendel did a study on the changes in traits of pea plants. He developed the fundamental
Laws of Heredity. He used to study genetics in garden peas (Pisum sativum) as they are easily
planted and their pollination is easily managed. He controlled pollination by manually
extracting pollen between plants. He developed true-breeding plants by self- pollination. He is
known as the father of genetics. Which of the following statements is true about Mendel?
A. His discoveries concerning genetic inheritance were generally accepted by the scientific
community when he published them during the mid-19th century
B. In early 19th century, Dutch Biologist who carried out genetic research.
C. He believed that genetic traits of parents will usually blend in children.
D. His ideas about genetics apply equally to plants and animals.
22. Refer to the given diagram. What are the phenotypes of the given organism?

Round, Yellow seeds

RrYy

RY RY rY rY
 A. ½ round, ½ wrinkled seed
B. ¼ round, ¾ wrinkled seed
C. ¾ round, ¼ wrinkled seed
D. All round.

23. During a research project, a scientist collects snails from beach. He finds several snails that
have shells of about the same size and shape. However, the shells have different patterns and
colors. What will be the best possible way he can do to categorize the collected species?
A. He could study how the snails develop.
B. He could examine the snail’s RNA and DNA
C. He could classify the snails according to shell color.
D. He could look for other physical similarities on snail.
24. Biodiversity is a term used to describe the enormous variety of life on Earth. It can be used
more specifically to refer to all of the species in one region or ecosystem. Biodiversity refers to
every living thing, including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans. What is the best definition
of the term biodiversity?
A. The animals that live in an area.
B. Species that have become extinct.
C. Species that look different from one another.
D. The number and variety of species that live in an area.
25. Taxonomy is a branch of Science that deals with the process of classifying different living
species. In here, from the largest to the smallest groups, the different groups are ranked. Which
of the following shows the level of taxonomic classifications from highest to lowest hierarchy?
A. Phylum, Kingdom, domain, class, order, family, genus, species
B. Class, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, species
C. Domain, phylum, kingdom, class, order, family, genus, species
D. Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
26. In biology, taxonomy (from Ancient Greek τάξις (taxis) 'arrangement', and -νομία (-nomia)
'method') is the scientific study of naming, defining (circumscribing) and classifying groups of
biological organisms based on shared characteristics. What do you call with the process of
giving names to living organism?
A. Classification
B. Identification
C. Nomenclature
D. Taxon
27. The Biological Species Concept defines a species taxon as a group of organisms that can
successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring. According to the biological species
concept, which of the following factors is the most important in determining whether two
populations belong to the same species?
A. Whether the individuals in the two populations have similar morphology.
B. Whether individuals in the two populations have similar behavior.
C. Whether individuals in the two populations have the same ecological niche.
D. Whether the two populations can successfully interbreed
28. Which factor best explains why classification system is constantly changing?
A. Increased knowledge of genetics levels to reclassification
B. Changes in food resources leads to reclassification.
C. Changing environment lead to reclassification
D. Increased plant species lead to reclassification.
29. As Carolus Linnaeus was growing up, he becomes interested in botany, which is the study of
plants. His ideas have influenced generations of biologist. How did Linnaeus contribute to
modern classification systems?
A. He developed two-part scientific names of organisms.
B. He used chemical characteristics to classify organism.
C. He standardized common names of organism.
D. He identified the three domains of life.
30. Biodiversity is a term used to describe the enormous variety of life on Earth. It can be used
more specifically to refer to all of the species in one region or ecosystem. Biodiversity refers to
every living thing, including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans. Why is biodiversity
important to ecosystem?
A. It reduces the number of insects in a given ecosystem.
B. It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.
C. It allows animals to feed permanently from one type of plant.
 D. It increases at each level of the food chain.
31. Look at the picture, which of the following statement is true.
A. It shows rare species.
B. It has low species evenness.
C. It has high species evenness.
D. It shows unequal distribution of species.
32. What do you call with the process of cutting trees?
A. Reforestation
B. Illegal Logging
C. Deforestation
D. Converting agricultural lands to commercial buildings
33. Which of the two communities is species richness greater: Community A with 50 species that can
all be found equally within 10 km radius of the area or community B spread across the same area
that has 50 species also but 5% of the individuals are very rare species?
A. Community B with rare species.
B. Community A where species can be found equally.
C. Species richness is the same in both communities.
D. There is not enough information given to answer the question
34. You are a conservation biologist and you were given the task of conserving endangered species.
Based on your knowledge, which of the following steps would you prioritize in protecting the
species?
A. Captive breeding
B. Conserve the species habitat
C. Reduce the pollution in the habitat
D. Introduce a species to eat the predators of the endangered species.
35. Refer to the map below that shows the population distribution of plants in a community. Which
of the given species has the largest population in the community?

A. C.

B. D.

36. Which of the following community has the highest species evenness?
Species Community 1 Community 2 Community 3 Community 4
Ant 20 25 15 20
Beetle 15 1 15 20
Grasshopper 12 1 15
Earthworm 1 15 20
Millipede 10 15

A. Community 1 C. Community 3
B. Community 2 D. Community 4
37. Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an
organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and ecosystem
decay. How does habitat fragmentation reduce genetic diversity in species?
A. Habitat fragmentation opens migration routes.
B. Habitat fragmentation encourage open gene flow.
C. Habitat fragmentation makes non-native species if possible.
D. Habitat fragmentation isolates a large population into smaller group.
38. A trophic level describes what organisms eat. It is a group of organisms in the ecosystem that
describes feeding levels or positions in a food chain/ a food web, where organisms obtain their
energy. Based on the illustration, identify the trophic levels of the Lion?
 A. first Consumer C. third Consumer
B. second Consumer D. quaternary consumer
39. Plants, lichens, and algae are examples of autotrophs. Which of the following terms best
describes autotrophs?
A. Producer C. Secondary consumer
B. Primary consumer D. Decomposer
40. Living things are organized in their habitats, and make up the structure of the organization.
These include individuals, populations, communities, which of the following descriptions about
organization of an ecosystem is correct?
A. Species make population, which makes up community.
B. Population, makes up species, which makes up community.
C. Communities makes up population, which makes up species.
D. Communities make up the species, which make populations.
41. Which is the secondary consumer?

A. Frog B. Grass C. Grasshopper D. Hawk

42. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide, water and energy (ATP) in the
presence of oxygen. Which of the following pairs of materials is required for respiration to
occur?
A. Glucose and carbon dioxide
B. Glucose and oxygen
C. Water and carbon dioxide
D. Water and oxygen
43. How do matter and energy cycled through the ecosystem?
A. Energy and matter do not differ.
B. Energy is recycled in an ecosystem but matter is not recycled.
C. Energy is gained in the next trophic level and matter is lost in an ecosystem.
D. Matter is cycled with in ecosystem and energy at each trophic level is changed to heat
energy.
44. Plants and different producers use carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. They produce oxygen as a
waste product. Carbon dioxide moves from the air into the leaves of plants. Oxygen moves from
the plant into the air through the leaves. In short plants need carbon dioxide and animals need
oxygen for them to survive. How plants and animals interact in Carbon dioxide-oxygen cycles?
A. Plants and animals don’t need each other.
B. Plants and animals take O2 and release O2.
C. Animals release O2 into atmosphere which plants inhale, Plants exhale CO2 into
atmosphere which breath in by animals.
D. Plants release O2 into the atmosphere which animals inhale, Animals exhale CO2 into the
atmosphere which is breath in by plants.
45. Managing resources provide the ecosystem services that provide better quality to human life.
Which term describes the practice of managing resources so that current needs will be met
without harming future generation?
A. Biomagnification
B. Habitat fragmentation
C. Species introduction
D. Sustainable development
46. Natural habitat is often destroyed through human activity. Which of the following activities is
NOT cause habitat loss and degradation?
A. Conversion of agricultural land to industrial area.
B. Habitat fragmentation
C. Kaingin system
D. Reforestation
47. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide, etc. reflect
radiation that the earth emits and stops it from getting lost in space. Without the greenhouse
gases, the earth would be too cold to support life. However, human activities are adding
greenhouse gases to the atmosphere leading to an increase in the earth’s temperature. What
will happen to Earth without the greenhouse effect?
A. Too cold to live
B. The same temperature
C. A little cooler than it is now.
D. A little warmer than it is now.
48. Karen work as a general manager in a fast food restaurant. Karen noticed that their restaurant
emits a lot of dark smokes that contributes to air pollution. If you were Karen, What action can
you do to sustain or improve the air quality now and for the next generation?
A. Build another restaurant that can contribute to gas emission.
B. Karen should provide a plan in maintaining the good air quality in their community.
C. Karen should provide air filter for the betterment of air quality in their community.
D.Increasing the number of coals burning in the restaurant.
49. Nona put too much fertilizer in plant without knowing that it can actually kill the plant and the
excess fertilizer she putted can runoff into streams and lakes causing toxic algal blooms that
are harmful to aquatic life. This process is called eutrophication. How does eutrophication affect
other organisms in the bodies of water?
A. The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms leading to discussed algae population.
B. The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the organisms, increasing their population.
C. Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other
organisms.
D. The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.
50. Coal is an abundant natural resource that be used as a source of energy. Why is coal
considered as a non-renewable energy source?
A. Because it comes from the impact of meteors with the earth.
B. Because it takes millions of years to form.
C. Because it is renewable resource, until it is mismanaged by humans.
D. Because once coal is used up, it can never be replaced.

Prepared by:
MARK CHRISTIAN Q. PATRICIO
Teacher II

Checked by:

GLORIA E. JOVES
OIC - Head Teacher

Noted by:

ELYULA D. MARIANO
School Head