nanitunodiv (2)
nanitunodiv (2)
Civil Engineering
🧱 Page 1: Building Materials & Construction
Cement Types: OPC, PPC, Rapid Hardening.
Bricks: Should be well-burnt, uniform shape.
Concrete: Mix Ratio (M20 = 1:1.5:3), Curing needed.
Steel: Fe415, Fe500 used for reinforcement.
Page 2: Surveying, Structures, Geotech
Surveying: Chain, Compass, Theodolite, GPS.
Structural Analysis: Bending Moment, Shear Force Diagrams.
Soil Mechanics: Atterberg limits, bearing capacity, types of
foundations.
💧 Page 3: Transportation & Environmental
Highways: Camber, Super-elevation, Traffic signs.
Irrigation: Canals, Dams, Weirs.
Water Treatment: Sedimentation, Filtration, Chlorination.
Waste Management: Landfills, Composting, Recycling.