Moment of inertia of solid of revolution

1. An uniform solid sphere has a radius R and mass M. calculate its

moment of inertia about any axis through its centre.
1 2
I= M R
2
1 2dm
dI = r
2
dm= ρdV
2
dV =π r dx
2
dm= ρπ r dx
4
dI = ρπ r dx
2 2 2
r =R −x
1 2 2
dI = ρπ ( R − x ) dx
2
2
R
1
I = ρπ ∫ ( R −x ) dx
2 2 2
2 −R
1 16 5
I = ρπ R
2 15
M
ρ=
V
M
ρ=
4
π R3
3
2 2
I= M R
5

2. Calculate/derive the moment of inertia of an uniform rigid rod of length L and mass M about an
axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through O, at an arbitrary distance h from one end.

2
dI =dm x
M
dm= dx
L
M 2
dI = x dx
L
I =∫ dI
L−h
M
I= ∫ x 2 dx
L −h
1 2 2
I = M ( L −3 Lh+3 h )
3
3. A hollow cylinder has an inner radius R1, mass M, outer radius R2 and length L. Calculate/derive
its moment of inertia about its central axis.
2
dI =r dm
dm= ρdV
dV =dAL
2 2
dA=π ( r +dr ) −π r
dA=π ( r 2 +2 rdr + ( dr )2 ) −π r 2
dA=2 πrdr
dV =2 πrLdr
dm=2 ρπrLdr
3
dI =2 ρπ r Ldr
R2

I =2 ρπL ∫ r 3 dr
R1
M
ρ=
V
M
ρ=
(
π R 2 −R 2 L
2 1 )
1 2 2
I= M (R +R )
2 2 1

4. A thin uniform spherical shell has a radius of R and mass M. Calculate its moment of inertia
about any axis through its centre.

2
dI =r dm
M
dm= dA
A
dA=Rdθ ×2 πr
r
sinθ=
R
r =Rsinθ
2
dA=2 π R sinθdθ
Msinθ
dm= dθ
2
2
MR 3
dI = sin θdθ
2
2 π
MR
I=
2 0
∫ 3
sin θdθ
2 π
MR
I=
2
∫ sin 2 θsinθdθ
0
 2 π
MR
I=
2
∫ (1−co s 2 θ)sin θdθ
0
2 −1
MR
I= ∫
2 1
2
u −1 du

2 2
I= M R
3

5. Integrate from top to bottom of the pyramid for its moment

H
1 4 dh
I =∫ ρl
0 6

[]
H 4
1 h
¿∫ ρ dh
0 6 a
H
1 1
¿ ρ 4 ∫ h dh
4
6 a 0
1
¿ 4 ρ h5 H
6a
1
5 [ ]
0
1 5
¿ 4
ρH
30 a
6. A wine cask has a radius at the top of 30 cm and a radius at the middle of 40 cm. The height of
the cask is 1 m. What is the volume of the cask (in L), assuming that the shape of the sides is
parabolic?
2
−x
+ 40
y=
250

( )
50 2 2
−x
Vol=π ∫ + 40 dx
−50 250

( )
50 4 2
x 80 x
¿π ∫ − +1600 dx
−50 62500 250

[ ]
50
x5 80 x 3
¿π − +1600 x
312500 750 −50

[ ]
5 3
50 80 ( 50 )
¿2π − +1600 ( 50 )
312500 750
¿ 425162
¿ 425.2 L
7. Find the moment of inertia if the area bounded by the curve y=x 3 +1, the x-axis and the limits of x=0 and x=3 is
rotated around the x-axis.
3
I =π ∫ ( x +1 ) d x
3 2

0
 3
¿ π ∫ ( x +2 x +1 ) dx
6 3

[ ]
3
x7 x4
¿π + +x
7 4 0
¿ π ( 355.93−0 )
¿ 1118.2
8. A cup is made by rotating the area between y=2 X 2∧ y=x +1 with x ≥ 0 around the x-axis. Find the moment
of inertia of the material needed to make the cup. Units are cm.
1
I =π ∫ [ ( x+1 ) −( 4 x ) ] dx
2 2 2

[ ]
1
x3 2 4 x5
¿ + x + x−
3 5 0
1
[
¿ π +1+1− −0
3
4
5 ]
23 π
¿
15
¿ 4.817
9. Find the moment of inertia of the solid of revolution generated by rotating the curve y=x 3 between y=0 and y=4
about the y axis
4 2
I =π ∫ y 3 dy
0

[ ]
5 4
3
3y
¿π
5 0

[ ]
5 4
3π
¿ y=y3 0
5
3π
¿ (10.079−0 )
5
¿ 19.0
10. The straight line y=x, between y=0 and x=2, revolved about the x-axis.
2
I =π ∫ ( x ) dx
2

[ ]
3
x 2
¿π
3 0
¿π
8
3 ()
−π ( 0 )

8
¿ π
3
¿ 8.378 units
11. The curve y=2x-x2 bounded by y=0, revolved about the x-axis.
 2
Vol=π ∫ ( 2 x−x ) dx
2 2

0
2
¿ π ∫ ( 4 x −4 x + x ) dx
2 3 4

[ ]
3 4 5
4x 4x x 2
¿π − +
3 4 5 0
¿π (
32
3
−16+
32
5
−0 )
16 3
¿ π unit s
15
3
¿ 3.351 unit s
12. The curve y2=x, bounded by y=4 and x=0, revolved about the y-axis.
4
I =π ∫ y dy
4

[ ]
5
y 4
¿π
5 0
¿π
1024
5 ( )
−0

¿ 643.40
13. The curve x2+4y2=4 quadrant I, revolved around the y-axis.
1
V =π ∫ ( 4−4 y ) dy
2

[ ]
3
4y 1
¿ π 4 y−
3 0
4
¿ π 4− −0
3( )
¿ 8.378
14. A watermelon has an ellipsoidal shape with major axis 28 cm and minor axis 25 cm. Find its moment of inertia.
14
Ihalf =π ∫ 0.797 ( 196−x ) dx
2

0
14
¿ 0.797 π ∫ ( 196−x ) dx
2

[ ]
2
14
¿ 2.504 196 (14 )− −0
3
¿ 2.504 ( 1829.33 )
¿ 4580.65 c
15. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=(x-1)(x-3) 2 and the x-axis
about the y-axis.
3
I =2 π ∫ ( x −7 x + 15 x −9 x ) dx
4 3 2

1
 [ ]
3
1 7 9
¿ 2 π 5 5− x 4 +5 x3 − x 2
5 4 2 1
24 π
¿
5
y= √ x , x=8
3
16. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by and the x-
axis about the x-axis.
2
I =2 π ∫ 8 y − y dy
4

[ 1
¿ 2 π 4 y 2− y 5 2
5 0 ]
96 π
¿
5
17. Determine themoment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=2 √ x−1 and
y=x −1 about the line x=6.
5
I =2 π ∫ x −7 x +6−12 √ x−1−2 x √ x−1 dx
2

[ ]
3 3 5
1 3 7 2 4 4 5
¿2π x − x +6 x +8 ( x−1 ) 2 − ( x−1 ) 2 − ( x−1 ) 2
3 2 3 5 1
¿2π
136
15 ( )
272 π
¿
15

18. Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by and about the

line .

19. The equation x 2 + y 2 = r 2 represents the equation of a circle centred on the origin and with radius r. So the graph of
the function y = √ r 2 − x 2 is a semicircle.
b
I =∫ π ( r −x ) dx
2 2

[ ]
3
2 x r
¿ π r x−
3 −r

[( ) ( )]
3 3
3 r 3 r
¿π r − − −r +
3 3
 3
4πr
¿
3
20. Suppose we have a cone of base radius r and vertical height h. We can imagine the cone being formed by rotating a
straight line through the origin by an angle of 360◦ about the x-axis.
b

( )
2
rx
I =∫ π dx
a h

[ ]
h
r 2 x3
¿π 2
3h 0

( )
2 3
r h
¿π 2
−0
3h
2
πr h
¿
3

21. The curve y = x 2 − 1 is rotated about the x-axis through 360◦ . Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated when
the area contained between the curve and the x-axis is rotated about the x-axis by 360◦ .
1
I =∫ π ( x −1 ) dx
2

−1
1
¿ π ∫ ( x −2 x +1 ) dx
4 2

−1

[ ]
5 3
x 2x 1
¿π − +x
5 3 −1

¿π ([ 15 − 23 +1)−( −15 + 23 −1)]

16 π
¿
15
22. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by the graph of y = x, y = 0, x = 0
and x = 2.
x2
I =∫ π [ f ( x ) ] dx
2

x1
2
¿ ∫ π x dx
2

0
2
¿ π ∫ x dx
2

( )
3
x 2
¿π
3 0
8π
¿
3
23. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated by revolving the semicircle y = sqrt (r 2 - x 2) around the x axis, radius
r > 0.
 r 2
I =∫ [ √ ( r −x ) ] dx
2 2

−r
r
¿ ∫ ¿ ¿ dx ¿
−r

[ ]
3
2 x r
¿ π r x−
3 −r

[( ) ( )]
3 3
2 r 3 r
¿π r − − −r +
3 3
4 3
¿ πr
3
24. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated by revolving the shaded region about the y axis.

y2
I =∫ [ πz ( y ) −w ( y ) ] dy
2 2

y1
1
¿ ∫ π [ (− y+ 2 ) − y ] dy
2 2

0
1
¿ ∫ π [−4 y + 4 ] dy
0
1
¿ π [−2 y + 4 y ]
2
0
¿2π

25. Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by , , ,
and the x-axis about the x-axis.

26. Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the portion of the region bounded by and
that lies in the first quadrant about the y-axis.
 27. Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by and about the

line .

28. Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by and about
the line .

2
29. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated when the area bounded by the curve y =x , the x-axis and the
line x=2 is revolved about the x-axis. (circular disk method)
x2

I =π ∫ y u dx
2

x1

2
¿ π∫ ¿ ¿
0

2
¿ π ∫ xdx
0
 [ ]
2
x2
¿π
2
1
¿ π [ 2 −0 ]
2 2
2
3
¿ 2 π uni t

2
30. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated when the area bounded by the curve y =x , the x-axis and the
line x=2 is revolved about the x-axis. ( In Cylindrical Shell Method)
y2

I =2 π ∫ yc ( x r−x l ) dy
y1

√2
¿ 2 π ∫ y ( 2− y 2) dy
0

√2
¿ 2 π ∫ ( 2 y− y3 ) dy
0

[ ]√
2 4
2y y 2
¿2π −
2 4 0
¿2π ¿
3
¿ 2 π uni t

31. Find the moment of inertia generated when the area will revolve about the y-axis.( Circular Disk Method)
y2

I =π ∫ ( x R −x L ) dy 2 2

y1

√2
¿ π∫ ¿ ¿
0

√2
¿ π ∫ [ 4− y 4 ] dy
0

[ ]√
5
y 2
¿ π 4 y−
5 0
¿π¿
3
¿ 14.22 unit
 32. Find the volume generated when the area will revolve about the y-axis.(Cylindrical Shell Method)
x2

V =2 π ∫ x c ( Y u−Y L ) dx
x2

2 1
V =2 π ∫ x( x −0)dx 2

2 3
V =2 π ∫ x dx 2

[]
5
2
x 2
V =2 π
5 0
2

[ ]
5 5
4
V = π 2 2 −0 2
5
3
V =14.22 uni t

33. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by

and about the line .

5
I =2 π ∫ x −7 x +6+12 √ x−1−2 x √ x−1 dx
2

)|
5

(
3 3 5
1 3 7 2 4 4
¿2π x − x + 6 x +8 ( x−1 )2 − ( x−1 ) 2 − ( x −1 ) 2
3 2 3 5 1

¿2π ( 136
15 )
272 π
¿
15
2
34. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by x=( y −2 ) and y= x
about the line y=-1
4
I =2 π ∫ − y + 4 y + y−4 dy
3 2

¿2π ( − y 4 4 y3 y2
4
+
3
+ −4 y 4
2 1 )|
63 π
¿
2
35. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y = x 2 and the x‐axis on [−2,3]
about the x‐axis.
3
I =∫ π ( x ) dx
2 2

−2
3
¿ π ∫ x dx
4

−2

[ ]
3
x5
¿π
5 −2

¿π
243 32
5
+(5 )
¿ 55 π
36. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y = x 2 + 2 and y = x + 4 about
the x‐axis.
2
I =∫ π [ ( x +4 ) −( x +2 ) ] dx
2 2 2

−1
2
¿ ∫ π [ ( x + 8 x+16 )−(x + 4 x + 4) ] dx
2 4 2

−1
2
¿ π ∫ (−x −3 x +8 x +12 ) dx
4 2

−1

¿π
[ −1 5 3
5
x −x + 4 x 2+ 12 x 2
−1 ]
¿π
5 [
128 −34
−(
5
)
]
162 π
¿
5
37. Find the moment of inertia of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y = x 2 and the x‐axis [1,3] about
the y‐axis.
3
I =∫ 2 πx∗x dx
2

3
¿ 2 π ∫ x dx
3

¿2π
[ ] 1 4 3
4
x
1
1
¿ π ( 81−1 )
2
¿ 40 π
38. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x and y=x+3 about the x-
axis
 1
I =∫ π ¿ ¿
0
1
¿ π ∫ ( −x+ 9+6 x+ x ) dx
2

[ ]
2 3
−x 2 x 1
¿π + 9 x+3 x +
2 3 0
1
[
¿ π +9+3+
2
1
3 ]
¿ π (12 )
¿ 37.6991
39. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x 2 and y=x4 about the x-
axis
1
I =π ∫ ( x −x ) dx
4 8

[ ]
5 9
x x 1
¿π −
5 9 0

(
1 1
¿ π − −0
5 9 )
4
¿ π
45
¿ 0.2793
40. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x and y=x^3 about the y-
axis
1
I =2 π ∫ x ( x−x ) dx
3

0
1
¿ 2 π ∫ x −x dx
2 4

[ ]
3 5
x x 1
¿2π −
3 5 0

(
1 1
¿ 2 π − −0
3 5 )
4π
¿
15
¿ 0.8378
41. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=2-x 2 and y=x3 about the x-
axis
1
I =π ∫ (−x + ( 2−x ) ) dx
6 2 2

[ ]
7 3 5
−x 4x x 1
¿π +4 x − +
7 3 5 0
 ¿π ( −17 + 4− 43 + 15 −0)
286 π
¿
105
42. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x and y=x-2 about the x-
axis
1
I =π ∫ [−(−1+ x ) + x ] dx
2 2

[ ]
3
−1 ( 3 x 1
¿π −1+ x ) +
3 3 0
¿π
−1
3 ( 1
( 0 )+ −0
3 )
π
¿
3
43. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x 2 and y=x-1 about the x-
axis
1
I =π ∫ [−(−1+ x ) + x ] dx
2 4

[ ]
5
−1 ( 3 x 1
¿π −1+ x ) +
3 5 0
π
¿
5
44. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=-x 2 and y=x3 about the x-
axis

1
I =π ∫ ( x −x ) dx
4 6

[ ]
5
x x7 1
¿π −
5 7 0

2π
¿
35
45. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x 2-2 and y=x3 about the y-
axis
1
I =π ∫ (−x + (−2+ x ) ) dx
6 2 2

[ ]
7 3 5
−x 4x x 1
¿π +4 x − −
7 3 5 0
286 π
¿
105
46. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x 2 and y=x2/3 about the y-
axis
 I =2 π ∫ x ( x −x ) dx
1 2
3 2

[ ]
8 8
3 x4 9 x4 1
¿ 2 π x − − x 3+
3
5 3 40 12 0
π
¿
4
47. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=2x-1 and y=x 3 about the
x-axis
1
I =π ∫ [−x + (−1+ 2 x ) dx ]
6 2

[
1
¿ π −6+ (−1+ 2 x )3 1
6 0 ]
4π
¿
21
48. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=2-x 2 and y=x about the y-
axis
1
I =2 π ∫ x ( 2−x−x ) dx
2

[ ]
3 4
x x 1 2
¿2π x − −
3 4 0
5π
¿
6
49. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=x 3-1 and y=12x about the
x-axis
1
I =π ∫ [ −144 x + (−1+ x ) ] dx
2 3 2

[ ]
4 7
3 x x 1
¿ π −48 x + x− +
2 7 0
663 π
¿
14
50. Determine the moment of inertia of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=-x2 and y=2x3 about the y-
axis
1
I =2 π ∫ x [ x −2 x ] dx
2 3

[ ]
4 5 4 5
x x x x 1
¿2π − − +
3 2 12 10 0
3π
¿
10