WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY UNIT 1 Reading 1 Toutting-edge 2faciitate 3pave 4advent S current 6 unnerving 7 modifying 8 awed 2 The best description is4 3.1C ... how would you know which version of events to balove (para links with You might trust your own memory over theirs (C) 2 € .. itisonly recently that investigations into examples of {else memories ond why we create them have begun (para 2) inks with Before these studies, we only had access to unsubstantiated accounts of false memories. (E) 3 A. we end up rejecting memories’ that we once believed {o-be true (para 3) inks with we are persuaded that our memory wos faulty (A) 4D... One contributor recals the following memory (para 4) links with This is just one of several examples in the collection (0) 5 G .... Another reason for determining a false memory is often Auite simply its implausibly (para 5) links with This is reinforced by ane contributor’ explanation that he truly remembers fying winen he was a child (G) 6 F ..itcould be due toa psychological process in which our ‘memories record events (para 5) links with Alternatively it could be caused by a difficulty in being able to differentiate between the memory of something that physicaly happened ond something that our minds created such as adream ) 4 subjectively 2vivdly 3cited 4 reinforced Simplausibiity 6contradict 7 dsconcerting 8 reminisced Grammar 11 Miranda didn't use to spend a lot of time watching TV. (We didn't have @ TY) 2 Mirands’s parents had been writing books for along time (they had been writing al their fives) 3 Sally didn’t feel very alone after Beth had left home. (When Beth left home | didn’t really think about it felt fine I think ) 4 Sally’ parents wamed her that she would miss her sister at first. (Mum and dad were great and they did tele that I wos going to fee bit lonely for a while) 5 Lucas contrasted his parent's culture with the British culture ‘ashe vias growing up. (I think that as I was growing up 1 noticed the cultural difference more and more) 2.1 were working 2 seemed 3 were 4 had loft 5 had been sharing 6 used to tak / would talk / talked 7 moved 8 had been considering 9 were having 10 clint spol / didn't use to spoil 31A used to write (Past habit) 2. had hung up (Simon finished the cal before is friend had time to talk about the concert) 3 A did't avays use to be (Past state. Bis not possible because ‘would’ is used to talk about habits but not states: and cannot be used with stative verbs.) 4.C had eaten (Being sick was a consequence of having eaten too much beforehand. The past perfect situates the action before the simple past) 5 C wasn't talking (Refers to an activity in the past) 6 A used to be waiting (Refers toa past habit) 7 C had (This happened before | had time to tell her. Past perfect before simple past) 8 B used to own (Past state) 4 became 2hadn'tgiven 3 were applying 4had had Shadi crossed 6 had been working Vocabulary 1 1recall 2memories 3reminds 4 jog 5 memorising 6 block out 2.1.C (before six= early childhood) 2.D (we ust choose to forget = elective memory) 3 E (what my fist teacher said = word for word) 4A (smells = scent) 5 B (mybrother=he) 3.1 selective memory (memory for some things and not others) 2 blocks out terble memories (to forget something painful upsetting) 3 jg his memory (try to remind him) 4 I realise its dificult fr him (1 understand itis ficult) 5 He always cecognises people (he sees people and knows who they are) 6 remembers their names (and he knows their names) 7 He commits phone numbers to memory (he remembers phone numbers) 8 word for word (n exact the same words) 9 | should memorise the important phone numbers (to commit tomemory) 10 trigger memories (to cause me to remember) 416 2C 38 4D 5A Listening 1 The correct answer is A 2 Task? 1E As the class monitor at school. was responsible for giving ‘ut the ort materia 2.G When I was ot school my teacher tought us an acronym to remember the order of the planets to help us prepare for test. 3 C [took up memorising card tricks so | didn’t get bored on myown 4 used te kop my focus while was swimming up and down the pool by counting as high os I cou 5 A ..., but | spent mast of my childhood recovering from a ‘minor brain ijury after being ina cr crash a fora time this was the only way that I could remember things Task 2 6B. my sill for memorisation means | assist the host and imate sure they geet all of the attendees appropriately. 7 H I don't need to spend as fong studying dates and facts now that have a system for remembering them 8 A My friends lve streamed it just so | could fee involved “it was a great feeling ofter being so lonely when Iwas younger. 9 E lost ive kilos and got so much fitter when | wes preparing for the lat competition 10 C Now give talks at universities about how to use this technique and I've even released a web series about it 31D 2A 3B 46 SF 6c 183WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Use of English 1 1 Taddicted to embarrassed by 3 concerned about Ainspired by Samazedat 6 scared of 7 dolighted with A based on 218 (toapologise for) 2A (tobe accomplished at) 3 B (tobe concerned about) 4C (to protect someone/something from) 5 A (to be remembered for) 6 8 (tostop somebody from) 7 C (to be undecided about something) 8 A (to be known for something) 3.1 being (gerund after preposition) 2 not (expression: more often than not is the same as quite often) 3 make (collocation) 4 after (preposition showing order of events) 5 not (expression for suggestion) 6 of (phrasal verb) 7 If (Zer0 conditional) 8 able (able to concentrate) 4 1alarmed at 2distressed by 3 known for 4 upset with Soverwhelmed by 6refrained from 7 adept at committed to Use of English 2 11 reassuring 2deécriptive 3 substantially 4 memerisation Stransferable Gadvisory Trepeatedly @ recollection 2 repeat description |repetitive | describable describe | repeat descriptive _ | repeatedly differ memorisation | different | memorably memory | difference | memorable _| differently 3 description happiness 3 satisfaction 4 detachment Srecollection anticipation 7 particularly 8 differently 4 verbs: restore, refresh adjective: accessible adverb: confidently 5 restore _| restoration _| restorable_| x Drefrech [refreshments [refreshing _| refreshingly Baccess [accessibility [accessible | accessbly ‘confide [confidence [confident | confidently Speaking 1 tputting 2point 3could 4more Scther exactly 21A 2D 3D 4A 5D 6A 2.1 That's an excellent way of putting it. 3 | agree up to a point 4 Comments 2,3 and 4 are true 5 Statement 4s true 61F 27 37 47 ST 6T 7 1view 2highlight 3.addtothat 4 That's a really good point Sieads usonto 61 didn't mean 7 Absolutely Bin earnest Writing 1 Thilarious 2tervifying 3thrilling 4 dreadful Scexceptional 6 ast roving 21 electrifying 2dazzling 3 breathtaking 4 inspirational Smagnificent 6 outstanding 2 couldn't agree more 184 31£ 2C 3D 4A 58 417 2F 37 4F SF 5 1Yes 2 fast-moving, outstanding electrifying 3 heroic, huge. enigmatic, intriguing, fascinating, powerful stunning, super’, threatening 6 1Student 2 2 Student 3 Unit Check 1.1 did you realise 2.was trying 3 had been running 4hhad drunk Shadn't been 6 was staring 2lusedto 2didn'tuseto 3would 4usedto Swould would 3 Iwas waiting 2was reading had always assumed stated Shad been treating @took 7tried 8 had done didnt realise 10 was being 4 1by 2at 3to Awith Strom 6 about 5 1 remind 2recall_3memorise 4 remembering recognising Srealsed 6 remember 6 blocking out 2committing Btrigger 4have Skeeping 7 1 word for word 2:vague memory 3 committing 4 refresh Searworms 6 out of your head UNIT 2 Reading 11D 2£ 3A 4F 5G 61 7C 8) 98 10H 2-1 mentions the temptation of limiting questions to a articular topic? 2 fefers to an overconfidence in thei bites? 2 points out the diference between thar idea and the reality of writing for quia shows? 4 says that writing is a group effort? 5 mentions a previous intention to put minimal effort into the iat? 6 cites the nee to use different resources? 7 describes the difference between the show and the writing? ‘8 mentions the players in the studio and at home? 9 points out that alot of general knowedge has atadv been estes? 410 mentions the importance of confirming the valicity of facts? 2-1 D Having other people around yeu who can point out that you've written twenty questions about the same stretch ‘of acean stops you from producing @ script with the same pattern of questions 2.8 I hac expected to hit a wal so soon into the job and it was discouraging to discover that my supposedly endless oo of facts died up so quickly 3.4 The truth? couldn't have been more wrong, 4D Forme, that team dynamic is important 5A also hoped I'd have plenty of spare time to do some of my ‘own writing during the cay {6 8 Faling back on search engines may seem ike the easy option, but the truth isyou have to be smart. 7 D Even though tho game show format i formulaic, wo have to constantly remind ourselves that the questions can‘t be! 8 A. for both the show participants and the armchair contestants at home to ansiver nt 2s simple as you think 9A... you have to thnk of questions that haven't been sted before ‘allowing an incorrect question to make ton air means immediate dismissal 4 ‘saturated 2flpside 3 tricky 4 hita wall Goffthe ground 7 tightknit@ dismissal a SaiGrammar 1.1.C (Hoving the courage isthe subject of the sentence) 2.D (time is a noun followed by the infinitive) 3 E (only to find show the result of what happens when people chase after money) 4 F (Iwas brought up s passive + the past participle) 5 G (tohave made's using to have + the past participle for a past concept) 68 (like is a verb which can be folowed by the infinitive or the gerund and the meaning changes) 7 A (the verb manage is aways folowed by the infinitive) 2.1 Create (goals) 2 tosucceed (infinitive with to ater verb want) 3 to get (aim + infinitive) 4 learning (stop + infinitive or ing form depending on ‘meaning of sentence; the ing form means te catry on doing somathing ) 3.1 tounderstand (struggle + infinitive) 2 reading/to read (try +-ing oF infinitive with to means a recommendation to tryftest something) 3 toenable (oromise + infinitive with to) 4 copying (like + -ing or infinitive with to; like +-ing means to enjoy doing an activity) 5 to follow (need + infinitive with to) 6 tothrow (dare + someone + infinitive with to) 7 doing (love + ing or infinitive with to; love + ing means to ‘enjoy doing an activity) 8 toidentify (endeavour + infinitive with to) 41 imagine being able imogine + ing form) 2 recall having given you (recall + «ng forrm) 3 comect 4 appear to be finished (appear + infinitive with to) 5 correct 66 denied having eaten (deny + ing form) 7 voted to go (vote + infinitive with to) 8 endeavour to try harder (endeavour + infinitive with fo) Vocabulary 1/1 futile attempts 2 lukewarm response 3 vast majority unprecedented success 5 dismal falure formidable challenges 7 impressive accomplishment B burning ambition 2 Tcut their losses 2 back to square one 3stay ontop of the game 4 thinkbig 5 win win Gaet the better of 7 ifallelse fails 8 getting there 31D 2C 3B 4E SF 6A Listening 1 tanoun Zan adjective 32noun 4anoun S.anoun /nounphrase 6a noun | noun phrase Tan adjective Ba noun 2.1 public recognition... what does success sound keto you? to me its the public recognition that comes with sporting ‘achievement 2 devastated | red to be optimistic even though I was devastated. 3 rest indoors | struggled the most with being forced to rest indoors 4 determination determination. 5 comfort zone... being out of my comfort zone has only pushed me harder 6 Salfbelie its my self boli that's been vite in helping got sme here 50 I just needed to redirect my 7 an honour... the frst female CEO of a well-respected data security firm whose innovative solutions ore trusted around the world -for me say its an honour. 8 strength... but the message I want you to take awry from this talks that we need setbacks to give us the strength to ‘achieve what we really want. 3 Iresonated 2dig deeper 3 hunched over 4 flaw Sknoclback 6 adversity 7cliché 8 setbacks 9 braving the elements 10 visualise Time out 41F 2C 3D 4A 58 6E Use of English 1 111 other (the usual type) 2 more (something superior) 3 not enough (insuficient) 4 ess than (not adequate enough) 5 the whole the entire picture) 6 half of over half the amount) 7 litte (not very much) 8 no (no interest; no + noun) 9 allof (referring tothe issues mentioned) 10 several (quantifying the amount of issues they choose from) 11 Every (individual students) 12 most (identifying the thing whichis of highest importance) 2-1 Faw (nagative statement: a few would be positive) 2 most (nearty al 3 several (positive statement, more than a few options) 4 too few (not enough) 5 all (not al) 6 litle (negative statement; alittle would be positive) 7 plenty of (ts of talking about the benefits of work placements) 8 a few (postive statement; talking about benefits) 3 1s (comparative statement) 2 off (taking about opposites; on or ofthe fel) 3 without (expression: it goes without saying, meaning its obvious) 4 50 (s0is mental traning: mental training is also crucial) 5 of (consists of: dependent proposition) 6 abla (able to-+ verb anticipate) 7 how (in what way) 8 doing (doing so substitutes understand and manage emotions) 185WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Use of English 2 1 Its possible to add ‘very’ before the adjective in bold in these sentences: 2 (They must have been very desperate to have considered ‘committing a crime) 6 (Everyone was very surprised when the teacher left in the middle of the term ) 7 (Despite being very popular among his work colleagues...) 21obvious 2ridiculous 3exaggerated 4 enjoyable S plausible 6believed 7 disappointed 8 limited 314 2D 3D 4A 5B 68 7C 8B 4 1wiholly virtually entirely 4 dreadfully 5 expressly 6 reasonably Speaking 11 talk about 2 pictures 2 taking about things that are similar and Jor cfferent 3 when the interlocutor stops you 2V1v 2K 3x 4K 5 3.1 although, different 2 whereas 3 major however, more 4 similar, both, However 5 Although 6 that, whereas 4 Extract 6 (tt speats about ll three pictures but the tak asks {or comparison between only two) Writing 1.1.€ (because of the use of sure) 2 D (uses contractions and the colguialism the sooner the better) 3.D (gives an opinion) 4A (quotes a figure) 5 B (Because indicates an explanation) 2.1 F (je should be formal or sem-formal) 2 F (only two) at 4F (only fyouwish to, and not all tee) 51 6 F (thisis for FCE) 3-1 neatly everyoneslife/ most people’ life 2 probabiy 3 can prepare 4 Nearly all of us / Most people / Most of us. 5 would say 6 nearly always / most often / usually 41B 20 3A 4C 58 5 Model answer ‘quick glance at any TV guide wl reveal a high number of 'V talent shows across the channels, These are popular viewing, but it is dabateable what benefits they actualy bring tothe contestants themselves. Even winners ofthe series may have cone moment of lary and then seemingly disappear fram sight Clearly one major benefit to any aspiring performers the immediate access to a national, or even in some cases global stage Milions of people watch their performances and the audience may include producers or agents who could help further a career ‘Another point. pethaps more contentious, is that contestants ‘need to cope with a fairy high evel of stress. For many of them. it can be a relentless sequence of learning new routines and trying to produce near perfect performances to vat ve audiences on a regular basis. The pressure significant and can 136 affect some contestants badly. Others, however, thrive under ‘the pressure and it can be good preparation for working in notoriously insecure industry In general. | feel that parhaps the mare important beneft i the conce.in-.fetime opportunity to reach a wide audience. There are many performers who could well achieve great success if only more people were aware oftheit talent Shows lke these give people a chance, and if they fail, then atleast they can be Teassured that they have tried or that perhaps this path was ‘not quite right for them Unit Check 1 playing 2wanting 3totake 4 having § totoll 6 t0.0. paying 2 Ttalking 2toke 3tocalm Atosocialse 5 staying out Gtoost Ttocrink Bhaving 9 tofeel 3 Inone 2iittie Zany 4all Sthewhole 4 Veteral 2colossal 3 formidable 4 square 5 cut 6 there 5 1 unprecedented growth 2 vast number 3 resounding success. 4 impressive accomplishment 5 burning ambition 6 futileattempts 7 dismal failure 8 get the better ofyou UNIT 3 Reading 11A 2A 3B 4B SA 6B 7A BA 2.1 Inthe fist paragraph, the writer says that A the additional elements of the Angela's collection were: well hidden B the audience was impressed with how waterproof the jacket was. C initially there was nothing to differentiate the jacket from ther peoples Angela had previously claimed to be inspired by the weather. 2 Inthe second paragraph, the writer implies that ‘A Angela had specific instructions from the art school B The art school took credit for Angela's collection. C Angela’ collection interprets the school policy D Angela had to get permission from the schoo!’ policy makers 3 In line 36 centre-pisee in refers to A the overcoat, B the reflective jacket. C the sleeping bag coat D the tent jacket 4 Inthe thied paragraph the writer says that Angela A uses only recycled materials, 8 throws hardly any material away. C ives her unused material to others. D uses mass-produced materials 5 Inthe fourth paragraph the writer implies that making something the fashion industry likes A ica benefit. B ican achievement C is profitable D isn'timportant 6 Inline 55 closer to home suggests that A the writer is from the USA, B the writer lives close fo Angela Luna, the writer is writing from a foreign country. D the writer i visiting the USA.3.1A What | wasn't expecting was for the art graduate to remove the coat from the model and make it into a tent right there on the catwalk 2.C ... embodies her art schao's commitment to using design Tor social good. 3 D to help keep homeless people warm and sofe from the bitter winter nights on the streets in a tent jacket 4.4... sourcing pieces from sustainable and repurposed ‘materials 5 B ... thenotoriously hard-to-impress fashion industry A... suchas in New York City where the collection was designed 4 Tneeds 2begins isn’t 4 purpose Shas 6 wellknown Tany Bisn't 9 progressing 10requires, Grammar 11D 28 3 4A sc 21fke 2a Jas Aalke Site 3 1As (as something goes an expression whichis used before mating a comparison of something with the subject mentioned) 2 the most (superlative as saying the best of all to date) 3 as (asa team) 4 like (similar to) 5 much more (comparing two diferent situations) 6 such as (for example) 7 like (for example) 8 far (easily the most) 9 alike (in a similar or the same way) 10 the wider (comparative statement: the wider they can use this method, the more money they can collect) 41 much more creative ways 2look no further than 3.as away to help ‘more impressive dea 5 faster this happens 6 1 haven't developed 2 doesn't have to train 3 want to ive 44 Not everybody caries cash Vocabulary 11 transformed (very much changed person) 2 modify (make some alterations to) 3 re-vamp (make drastic changes to) 4 adapt (change slighty) 5 made (make a sacrifice: collocation) 6 adjusting (changing the amount slightly) 7 turning (evolving into; phrasal verb) 8 tums (do a good turn: expression) 2 Leon Lagothetis has made done a lot of good for people by doing making a difference to a lot of people's lives and at times even mreving turing them around The former stockbroker has travelled the glabe on a vintage yellow motorbike giving people a helping hand and generally ‘making doing acts of kindness. leon believes that kindness doesn’t have to be materialistic and that deing giving a hug, giving praise or saying paying a compliment are acts of kindness than can make a difference. Leon says that kindness is about showing people that they matter and that we can do this by simply mating doing someone a favour and making someone's day a little bit happier 31made 2did 3Make Amake Smake 6do 41 I did a double take (gap 2) 2 to make amends (gap 5) 3 made an exception for me (gap 1) 4 make the best of the rest of the day (gap 3) 5 make a mockery of my baking skills (ap 4) 6 let me do my own thing (gap 6) Listening 1/1 Why did Carol set up Community Kitchen? 2 How does Caro fel about asking people to pay forthe meals? 3 What doos Jason like most about hs job? 4 How does Jason fee! about peing an outreach worker? 55 What do Jason and Carol both think about the future of the roject?” 6 How does Caro feel about the families who have meals at the community kitchen? 21... somony people were left without enough money to buy proper food for ther Friis. 2. Westilhaveto charge in order to keep the project going 3 D Working on a project and seeing itcome to lifes definitely the best part of my job 4.C I geta great sense of pride in seeing the achievements that the young people we work with make 5 B One of the fantostic things about this project its sustainability. (Jason) | agree -we are able to buy ingredients from the money charged for eoch meal and we have recently started making a smal profit too. (Cael) 6 B | think it’s important for fomites to spend mealtimes bonding and talking about their doy 31D 28 3G 4£ SH 6C 7A BF 4 Trewarding engaged empower Ainsight § liaising 6 touches on Use of English 1 1 helping 2havealloned 3let Awereallowed Smade 6 getting 7made Shaving 2 Thelped 2made 3let Amade Sallowed 6 getting 3 Alet 2get 3made 4have Sallows 4.1 Generation Z ate reported to be more entrepreneurial than the Millennials 2 Teachers predict that young people's use of social media will result in problems unless it is closely monitored by thelr parents 3 The teacher told the students that they would all benefit from some carcers advice 4 My brother advised me net to let my students make the same mistakes we made. 5. The number of successful young entrepreneurs todays the highest (that) it has ever been according to a racent report 6 Students got their papers re-marked after complaining about the marking scheme 187WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Use of English 2 1 cary _| literary “ve | instructive destructive “al | autumnal global able | negotiable sous | courageous humorous reversible edible 2 Treversible 2negotiable 3 global Gedible 7 instructive 8 courageous 3 I rumerous 2explanation 3 effectively 4 beneficial Siindecisive 6 depriortisation 7 advantageous B consciously 41C 28 38 4A 58 6C Speaking vat ar ar 4 F (isnot necessary to make a decision within the time limit, only to be working towards one) 5 F (tisperfectly fine to agree to disagree, no consensus is required, only attempts at persuasion andjor reasoning behind a candidates point of view) 2.1 and that’s because 2 the main reason |say that is because 3 my point i that i 4 wallfora start 5 2 good examples 6 you've just got to look at what happens if 7 what we've got to remember is that 8 you think about it 3.4 main reason say that 2 just got tolook t what happens if 3 you think about it 4 pointis 5 astort 6 good examples 41 main reaton say that 2 just got to lock st what happene if 3 you think about it 4 point is Sa start 6 good example s1c 24 38 Writing 1.1 F (because there may bea more formal task 2g letter of complaint / application) 27 aT 4F (because the opening and closing shouldbe the same in both) st 2A2 BI C4 DS £2 2 tease 2worth Bincorrect Ainsst 6 discover Aliterary 5 destructive 5 consider 188, 4.1 Lfeel that | must write (to you) because 2 | appreciate that you have to give both sides of the question, but 3 | think you should / ought to retract your statement. 4 If you could print an apolagy that would be 5 | think you may be mistaken, 6 Ihave adiferent point of view 5 Points 1,4 and5 6 Model answer Dear Editor After reading the article on your website today regarding the influence of the media and celebrity role models on the decisions young people make, | am writing to correct some of ‘your mistaken assumptions. The main problem with your article, in my view is that the writer is ever-generalsing. Whereas | agree that some young people may be negatively influenced by what is shown in the ‘media and celebrity lifestyle choices. | must point out that this is definitely not the case for al of us. While | admire certain celebrities for their talent, neither |-nor any of my friends — would consider copying their decisions. I would hope that we appreciate the difference between their worlds and our own and realise that we need to consider what is right for us in completely unique circumstances In addition to this, think itis worth mentioning that the ‘media clearly has an influence on everyone; we all watch the news and our opinions (which aso inform our choices) are inevitably based on what we learn, This isa truth that is impossible to ignore. However, to single out my generation as being particulary affected by this is, as far as | am concerned, completely unfair and patronising | was quite shocked to read the article and | really fee that ‘you should address the unfairness by writing another piece, The topic of influences and how they affect our decisions is interesting and deserves a much more balanced approach. Yours Unit Check 1/1 much more likely 2 than 3alke 4.as Tasfaras Omost Vike 102 2 worse 2best 3most challenging 4not as prepared as Shealthier 6better 31get 2had Imake Alet Sgetting Gallowed 7 forced Bhp 4 Trevamp 2transformed amend adapt Saltered SevoWing 7 modify @ donate 5 Imake 2turn 3make Agive Sdo pay 6gve 6 1make 2doing 3do 4make Smake 6make Tmake Bo USE OF ENGLISH UNITS 1-3 Part 1 1A (completely change because you exchange one life for another) 2 B (a selective memory's one which remembers certain parts, Usually the best parts, and forgets the rest) 3 D (similar to remember) 4.C (turn something around isto change something completely) 5 B (burning ambition is a collocation) 6 A (resounding success isa collacation) 7 D (tsmal failure is a collocation) 8 B (cut (their) losses i an expression meaning to abandon @ course of action because its going wrong) Sbetter 6 morePart 2 9 addicted to (dependent preposition) 10 how harmful inversion) 111 had been doing (past perfect) 12 om the increase (phrase meaning to be growing) 13 as a way (preposition; as means in the manner of} 114-cut down on (phrasal verb meaning to reduce the amount of something) 15 concerned about (dependent preposition) 16 don't et let means alow|permit; allow and permit would both be followed by infinitive with to) Part 3 17 dissatisfied 18negatively 19 necessary 20 unsustainable 2A dramatic 22 adjustments 23 significant 24 impulsively Part 4 25 block (out) the memory 26 was (extremely) embarrassed by 27 oniy to find that 28 advised us not to eat 29 to put into becoming 30 ended up with / ended up getting UNIT 4 Reading 1 Tspoton 2norms 3stance 4 purport 5 ushering Gpretentiousness Tdichards 8 disdain 2.1D (Eva) Ido think that the documentary got ane thing right: you are more likely to see someone wearing the same thing as you because ofthis. (Adam) inks with Although we may share music preferences or fashion choices thats really down to passing trends (Eva) 2.8 (Helena) asit was implied that we were being pushed ‘around online at the command of large companies (Helena) links with not because we are manipulated to do 0 by some rogue computer programmers or power-hunger corporations (Eva) 3 A (Luke) Instead of o thought-provoking documentary. it was just another ninety minutes of depressing speculation (Helena) links with the doom and gloom it spreads about hhow things might be in years to come: (Like) 4A (Luke) Ici’ like the condescending attitude ofthe documentary. (Luke) contrasts with found it ight: hearted and verging on amusing (Helena). presented in an accessible manner, without being over intense (Adam) and It goes without saying that the overriding feel of the documentary wos tongue in cheek, uite funny relly (Eva) 3 Tscrapped 2condescending 3narrow-minded 4 retail Stailor 6 doom and gloom 7shift 8 manipulated Grammar 11A 28 3D 4c SE 2.1 A ook forword to hearing from you. Correct B I look forward to hear from you. Incorrect (after to need gerund) 2.4 Imloving this cress. t= zo you! Corect (oloqual use ofa stative verb) 8 love this cross fs so you! Correct 3 im depending on you to help me revise fortis eam. Correct 8 | depend on you to help me revise for this exam Incorrect {because isa temporary situation) 4A The woman walks in wearing pyjamas and the other shopper look on aghast. Correct (used for dramatic sequence) B Tre wornan walks in wearing pyjamas and the other shopper looked on aghast. Incorrect (mix of tenses) 5A 'm thinking white wall, minimalist furniture and bold colours for this oom, Correct (colloquial use ofa stative verb) B | think white walls, minimalist furniture and bold colours for this room, Correct 6 A Istisbillincluding the wine and deserts? Incorrect 8 Does this bill include the wine and deserts? Correct 31C 2D 3A 4F 5B 6E 4 lead 2find_3complaining 4 shakes $ leaves Gportraying 7wearing Bget 9 begin 10 thinking Vocabulary 1 pleated 2fared 3ckimpy 4ripped Sloud 6 bootcut Tembioidered 8 fiveinch 9shabby 10 designer 2.1 consistent (not contradicting my beliefs; compliant is incorrect because it means obeying rules) 2 individuality (expressing our character; individualism is incorrect because it isthe collective noun for a group of people) 3 indistinguishable (they all appear the same; incomparable is incorrect because it means that something is so good that it, is unparalleled) 4 spitting (spitting image is an expression meaning exactly the same) 5 equivalent (the same as; equal to has the same meaning, but is used when making more specific comparison of size or quantity) 6 carbon (carbon copies s an expression meaning identical) 31£ 28 3D 4A 5F 6C 5.1 F .__astudent from the faculty of Ecology and Marine Conservation. 2.T Forme it’s something creative and ! get alot of enjoyment. from it. 3 F I never take any interest in high street fashion. 4 T To be honest there are so many other areas which are worthy of our attention Just look araund you - politics, science, the arts 5 T Also it's so ephemeral what is fashionable now will be Trgatten very soon, 6 F | fee! sorry for fashion victims at times becouse I think that they arejust being brainwashed by the media to think a certain way, 6 Isynonymous 2 fit 3 anonymity 4 stood 5 rebellious Guproar 7 far difference 9wavelenath 10 take Listening 1 Extract 1 11 Why does the woman mention the court case in the USA? A to provide evidence forthe link between names and confidence B to clarify her feelings about names and personality traits C toexplain a commonly held belief about names and achievements 2 What do they both think about the process of choosing a A It should involve more people than just the parents. B It isa decision that shouldn't be made under pressure, C Its importance is often underestimated. 180WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Extract 2 3 How does the student foal about having to bring up this topic with tne teacher? ‘A determined to be treated faity 8 uncomfortable about bringing the topic up fustrated that nobody is itening to im 4 Why doesn't he want to use an Engish name? A It’s too eficult for him to pronounce B It doesn't reflect his personality C Itstil wouldnt help him fitin with the other students Extract 3 55 How did the man feel about his own name when he was younger? ‘A embarrassed that it was unusual 8 lucky that people remembered it ificut to expain to people 6 What advice does the man give about choosing a name to workunder? ‘A Check that it hasnt been used before B Make sure it ist too unusual € Think carefully about the speling 2 Extract 1 1A If we feel negatively about our name, we can transfer those feelings to our sense of self Take a recent court case inthe UsAof a boy 2.C ... choosing a name fora babyis a huge responsibilty and 11m sure most people don't even realise it Extract 2 3 B I don't wont to make too much of fuss and Id rather not hhave to meatien this 4.8 feel ike Id be losing my sense of identity and my heritage if ladopted an English sounding name Extract 3 5 A Tused to resent having such an obscure name wien | wos younger 6 8 you can come up with something unique but stilretain youridentity 318 24 34 48 58 6A 7B 8A Use of English 1 11 in doing so (cos a substitute for a verb phrase) 2 ifyounave any (any substitute for a noun) 3 Women cry. and men do too, (too is a substitute fora verb phrase) 4 Do you think s? (think so isa substitute fora verb phrase) 5 describe each one (eoch one is a substitute for anoun) 6 exotic ones (ones is substitute for a nour) 2.1 esingie decision! any 2 oftheaitematies ones 3 moting decision doing so 4 dechion one 5 ssosuteredromndecren did too 6 temabsoindecsire am too 7 inever know which dahto pickeither neither do 8 thot temindecisve to 3-1 not (youdon't havea problern) 2 any (you don't have any information) 3 if s0(Fyou do have all the facts) 4 one (best alternative = singular) 5 doing 50 (eliminating the alternatives) 6 Ifnat GF you don't act quickly) 4.1 Lenralled for a course in psychology and my sister did too, 2 Lam very bad at making decision and sis my brother. 3-Jon and cant agree and nelther of us wants to admit we are wrong 4 [Fl finish the bookin time Mllendit to you. I not, send it ‘0 you by post. 190 5 | made a decision about the colour of the paint, but rm not cure thatit was the right one. 6.1m certain | heard Pam come in. but I think so 51 with ot 3 <0 (rightly sos expressing strong agreement) 4 them (the brains) 5 with (familar with the gender stereotyping) 66 same (same wavelength means thinking the same thing, being in agreement) 7 nor (neither .nor; negative comparison) @ any (any more than; comparative) Use of English 2 1 tread away Bound Astand Sabout Blve 2A3 BS C4 D1 E2 FS 3 trun 2estch 3come 4away Sput broad 4.1 B (correct collocation with down) 2 D (correct collocation to form phrasal verb) 3 A (correct collocation to form phrasal verb) 4.8 (correct particle for collocation) 5 D (correct adverb) 6 A (correct meaning) 7 B (correct meaning) 8 C (correct collocation with together} 5 Igatoutof 2runoutof Bestchupwith 4 put up with Sdoawaywith 6come upwith Speaking 1 Pieces of advice 3 and 4 are corect. 21C 2D 3B 4E 5A 3.1 There are several ways to come at this question 2 That's something | havent considered before. 3 Would you mind repeating that please? 4 Well there is no one answer to that. 5 I'm so sorry did you say that people thinkit’s 6A2 BI C3 Writing 1A 2 (global / worldwide -international) B 1 (learn what happens ~see whats going on) C 3 (people from other countries who visit = people take ‘their cuitures with them) 2 Points 1 and 2 are addressed, Point 1 is considered the more important (infuence of the internet) 3.18 People get ideas from what they learn happens ori popular in other countries (ink between ideas and choices) 2A We can buy the same items from global retail stores worldwide (link between items and clothes) Unit Check 11 1mthinking 2 press 3love 4 Am| wearing 5Am projecting 6isalwaystelling 7having @ ls looking 2150 2doingso Zany 4not Sdidtoo 6ones 3 tone Zany 3did ones 550 not 4.1 skimpy shorts 2embroidered shirt 3 flared jeans scruffy hair 5 bootcut trousers 6 pleated skirt 7 ive-inch heels 8 loud pattern 5 wavelength 2pitting image 3 indistinguishable individuality S equivalent to 6 rebellious 7 world of difference 8 cause an uproar 6 Ifar 2carbon consistent 4with Sout 6toUNIT 5 Reading 1 Tinitial 2 spouses 3 prospective 4 buyinto 5 generated defining 3.10 ... the most forward-thinking brands are relying on the simplest. most traditional form of advertising: word- cof mouth (para 1) inks with So, why this return to the promotional besies? (para D) 2.G Influencers have to believe in their own potential to sell a preduct or a brand. (para G) inks with Celine Leroy, a fashion and lifestyle blogger claims to only accept offers {rom companies whose products have something to do with her brand identity (para 2) 3 F Onthe other hand, I turned down some lucrative offers to advertise products because they had nething to wit what 1 stand for (para 2 inks with Many influencers will reecly turn down an offer that doesn't fit with their ideology. even iit means rejecting large fee (pata F) 4.8 However the freedom to choose what they will endorse result in a level of authenticity (paraB) inks with in ation to freedom over who they work with, most influencers prefer to have freedom over how they work (para 4) 5 E ... those tools were enough to enable them to become powerful marketing force (para 4) links with One such successful blogger s Daniella Barbosa... (para E) 6 A... building a relationship with someone with fewer followers could bring bigger returns in the fang un (para 5) inks with Even if an influencer’s audience never grows above the tens of thousands (para A) 4 ‘bidding 2outhentic 3 lucrative 4 engaged Sintheiong run 6be indicative ot 7 exploit Grammar 118 2D 3F 4G 5A 6C 7E 21A 2B 3A 48 5C 3.1 The company was about to invest in artificial inteligence. 2 We knew that mobile technology would have a massive impact on society. 3 By 2030 big data will have become key to a company’s success. 4 Imto take a course in advanced robotics next month, 5 By September | will have been working here for five years {6 Online banking will be used by everyone very coon, endorse 4 I would 2will 3aregoing tobe living 4 will have created Suillbe spending 6 willbe Vocabulary 1 Down TV coneume 2colect Across 2 hoard A accumulate 5 acquite 2.1 | could have gone mad in that shop It was so me, I could have bought up the shop. 2 My mum is a bit low so Im going to splash out and buy her something nice 3 Id love some new clothes but Ill have to go without until get my allowance. (without) 4 Im going for the minimalist look and I'l throw away anything that cutters up my fat. 5 Those jeans don't fit anymore but Ill hang ente them in case lose come weight. 66 I love a bargain and | never pass up the opportunity ta go sales shopping, 31C 28 3 4F 5D 6A 5 1 Becauseit’s prceylexpensive. 2 APersisn style rug, 3 Glamping.Glamoreus carnping 4 Her grandparents 60th wedding anniversary 5 Onthe terrace 6 No she hasn't 6 1gowithout 2hoard 3 hanging onto 4 sentimental value S.easy prey Ginsatiable dese Tbuy up @ soft touch Listening 1 Taske1 ‘A encouragement from friends and family B roassessing prioritioe experience living abroad Distoning to an expert E raising money for charity F meeting people with the same problems G talking with a foreign fiend H getting advice from peess Task2 A don't overeact to embarrassing situations B con't shutout the people around you C don't get too comfortable D dont expect to stil have a social life E don’t worry too much about mistakes F dontt accept evary piece of advice youre given donttloze your enthusiasm H don't listen to your careers department's advice 2 Task? 1 F until started inteming atthe French consulate ond heard stories from kids who were struggling kids ike al been 2B .. Idrove past the remains of« roadside accident. Ieseemed lite o sign 3A my mates convinced me to keep going. 4D It wasn't unt I travelled to South Africa to listen toa tak yan industry leader that | realised that J was holding myself back 5 H Going to.a networking event for entreprenaurs with similar business models helped me move forward. Task2 6 C That fear definitely pushed me harder 7 F trust yourown intuition and what you ar trying to ‘achieve 8B _itsessentia/not to se sight of other aspects of your Iie 9 E Learning to embrace your mistakes isan important skil for ‘any entrepreneur. 106 .. soit’ important not to lose your passion for your idea 3 Tonthebackbumer 2prototype 3seekout intuition Sciché 6embrace retreat Boverwhelmed Time out 1 R(€150,000 start-up capital invested by Dragons) 2F 3 R(€75,000 start-up capital invested by Dragons) 48 (€0startup capital invested by Dragons -but the company ‘snow valued at millions) 5F 6R (£50,000 start-up capital invested by Dragons) Use of English 1 1 examine investigate taking have establish impose 2 1about 2with 3of 4of Sto Gon 31impose 2made examine 4 play S provided 6 create Thas 8 Take 191WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY 41 themselves (reflexive pronoun referring to the street markets) 2 to (correct collocation: rise to the challenge) 3 than (comparative construction: more creative than before) 4 for (dependent preposition; opportunities for) 5 by (dependent preposition; un by) 6 or (conjunction to connect two choice; either a trader ora performer) 7 from (when talking about a wide range of things ina ist, ‘to emphasise the variety we use the construction; from x ‘through to y) 8 on (dependent preposition; impact on) Use of English 2 1 ttumover 2eovecup Bintake A fallout Setbacks 6 crackdown 21C 26 3H 4A SF 6D 78 BG 31D 2D 35 4D 5D 65 7D aD Speaking 14 choose two out of three pictures to talk about 7 use words and phrases to tak about what is sila and different about the pictures 7 2 Bis correct (Ais incorrect because the questions ae printed on the photo sheet: Bis correct because the questions will askfor =peculation of some type and direct description takes too much time and ie not what i asked for) 2 Thighly 2pure Ball 4taine Smay gather 7 right Avell Fwouls 10 ketnood 4-1 Pictures Aand B the students inthe classroom and the one where the children are playing shops) 2 B and C Thinking about the usefulness or effectiveness ofthe two methods, it's hard to say / When it comes to how they're feeling, its highly ely 5.1 It’shighly fkely that... 7 I think right in saying that. 8 It could well be that... 9 | would say that. Writing 1.1 F (Ghould be formal sits for someone in authority) 27 37 at 5 F (itneeds tobe divided into sections with headings for Clarity and to guide the reader) or 7 F (a direct complaint would be too personal) ar 2.1 (direct) and 2 (too informal) 3-4 sections (aim / description | evaluation of outcomes | recommendations) 5 1 purpose outlines indicate 4 consider 5 might 6tosumup 7recommend Bby doing this Unit Check 1 1 willbe staying 2will have known 3 to attend will Ihave been going Swill see 6 closes 7 willbe fying B willl have been living 9 starts 10 will notice 21 would 2was 3wasabout to 4 will have been looking Swillhave seen Gamtosee willbe 8 'llbe having 3 Tattitude to 2 flooded with 3 evidence of Alinformation about Sbaseden 6 causes of 7 cicsatisfaction with relationship with 102 4 Taccumulated 2hoard 3 acquired 4 sentimental Geof Thard Bdown 9collect 10 consume 5 1hangingento clutter up 3pacsup 4 splashed out Sbought up 6 gowithout UNIT 6 Reading 11D 26 38 4C SE 6H 7A OF 2.1 T They make more sense on the stage than on the big screen: «and inthis case, an adaptation into a min television series is most appropriate 27 How the screenwriter interprets a character's personality reactions and even physical appearance slay to differ from an individual reader’ interpretation 3.7 Alm version ofa popular book... is moreoften than not followed by an outcry that it is different from the book. 4 F Reimagining a book as another form of media isa complicated process 3.1 B Thereispeshaps nothing more personal and dificult to define than a reader’srelationship wth o story, writing possesses special power 2B Ultimately. an adaptation of a story deserves to be treated as such 3 C Afilm version of @ popular book usually generates huge amounts of publicity in the lead upto its release andis more often than not followed by an outcry that is different {rom the book 4A The lack of 2 rating system for books means that authors can put characters ina variety of situations that would not be permitted on screen 5 A Books with more narrated scenes are more suited to adaptations for the theatre 6 D ... therature of television series allows the inclusion of side Stores that help piece together the story naturally, asin the original source material 41. musings (personal considerations you say aloud) 2 tedious (very boring) 3 staple of omething that is used al the time) 4 on its own merits (based on what you see not on what you already know about it) 5 evoke (to preduce very strong feelings) 6 piece together (to join all the pats) 7 overcome (to control something that could stop you achieving something else) 8 condense (to reduce significantly into something smaller) Grammar 118 2F 3D 4A 5C 6E 2 Thadn'tput Zhadh'thad 3 wouldyoudo 4 cidnt like S wouldhaveturnedout 6haéhad 7 wouldn't know 8 didn't happen 3.1 Ifit isnt wasn't for my brother, | would never have met my best fiend 2 It you dtl hadnt told me, | would never have remembered it was his birthday 2 If Tknaw had known you hatad chease, | would have put it cn the pizza 4 But for your help. would have never had taken such a good photo 5 Supposing you failed the exam, wif would you re-take it? 6 If only have had enough money, I would go.on holiday with my friends to Greece. 5 prey4 tread 2wouldhave used 3hadhad 4 have had Swillget 6smie Twouldlove Sneed been able 1Ohad read Vocabulary 1 Across 1 delusion 3fallacy Sdreams hallucinations 10 fantasy Down 2 imagination Allusion 6 realism reality 9image 21in 2on Zout dup Son 6for 3 1 gotogreat lengths 2 give us the impression Bfallacy 4 delusion 5 get into character 6 semblance 7 put on a brave face 8 through and through Listening 111 What does Patrick say about his previous work? ‘A He tended to pant rather than draw 8 Hedi C Hewasn't enthusiastic about doing children’s illustrations. D He preferred to illustrate comic books. 2 How does Patrick feel about the way his idea developed? 2 proud that he can now run a successful business 8 surprised thatt happened so quickly C pleased that he can help so many people overwhelmed bythe number of purchases 3 For Melanie, what shouldbe avoided? ‘A depending on the ow to teach children how to behave B teling the owl how they fee instead of thei parents C leaving children alone for too long withthe ow D allowing children to spend too much time talking to the owl 4 What does Melanie think about telling children made up stories? ‘A thas a negative impact on their creativity 8 Itisnt the same as ying ltcan be disappointing for children D tis something that parents do too often 5 When asked about imaginative play both Patrick and Melanie exmress 2 sacinoce that tis being replaced by technology B nostalja for childhood memories a desire to promote it in schoo D frustration that isnt taten seriously {6 What do Patrick and Melanie bath think about electronic games? A They make life more enjoyable B They can't eplace the power of make believe C They are better because they are more realistic than other ames D They ae ruining modern childrens childhoods 2.1.C it seemed too silly and thought of myself as more serious 2.8 I honestly had no idea that it would be used by so many ‘people in so many different ways 3 D While! wouldn't recommend allowing children to become 00 refiant on Oscar the Ou! 4.8 make believe isn't about tricking children into beieving something its about presenting them with situation and ‘then letting them take it from there 5 B I grew upin the countryside having adventures inthe woods fighting battes with sticks and mating friends with the people who ved in the river (Melanie) I see a efference in... the games that we used to play when we were younger (Patrick) 6 B It mates me uncomfortable to thnk that a generation ‘might miss out on the simple pleasures of running around ‘on a made up quest in fovour ofan electroncs-based one (Melanie) whereas there are no limits on what a cil con create using a cordboard box! (Patrick) 31momentum 2tappedinto 3 premise 4 reinforcing S differentiate enormously 7noharm B bleak 41G 27 3C 4A SE 6B 7D 8H Time out 1H 28 3D 4G SF 6A TE BC Use of English 1 1/1 most notably 2.coupled with 3soasto. since S orrather 6 under these circumstances. 7 then again 8 Provided that 21C 2A 3F 48 5D 6E 3.1 since (purpose) 2 or rather (reformulation) 3 Under these circumstances (consequence) 4 most notably (example) 5 provided that (condition) 6 in order to (purpose) 7 as well a (adetion) 8 Having sai that (imitation) 4.1 ue (due to the fact, phrase meaning because) 2 as (adverb meaning also called) 3 in in order to is used with the infinitive form of a verb to express the purpose of something) 4 of (consisted of, a phrasal verb meaning to be made of or formed from something) 5 calledjnamed (adjective meaning fabelled) 6 about (preposition meaning connected with or associated with) 7 these (pronoun used to incicate 2 state the circumstances) 8 by (preposition used for saying how something is done) Use of English 2 1 mock 2above-board authentic Acandid 5 disguise 21 play 2boleve honest Acheat Sib 6mocking Teisguising Bscam 311824 21824 31428 41824 51828 198WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY 41°C (correct collocation) 2.8 (correct meaning) 3 8 (correct collocation) 48 (correct meaning with the morality) 5 8 (correct collocation) 6 A (cortect collocation) 7 8 (cortect collocation) 8 € (conect collocation) Speaking 1 I historical fime 2 autobiographies 3 celebrity ehotogrephs 5.1 The reason | say this is because 2 Why Ithink thie way is because 3 The reasoning behind this 4 Let's take an example 5 You've only got to remember 6 What lmeanisif 6 1 prime 2mean Jako Ainstance S Take 6 basicaly Writing 1.1 F (otherwise you will lose marks) 2 F (usualy for your teacher) 31 4T 5 F (donot quote directly need use your own words) 6 F (no thisis at FCE level) 3 1 points tand2 2point2 3 yes Unit Check 1 Thadknown 2would havevisited 3 hadn't seen 4.would have believed Srealised would have paid Teed 8 to choose 2.1 It hadn't been for my friend Marina, | wouldn't have / never would have read the book. 2 if were braver, | would go / try sky diving 3 Iflsee a strange event, I want to fm it 4 Had | known it was going to be sunny | would have brought sun croam 5 rit hadi't Been for the detective, the mystery wouldn't have been resolved 6 I Thad passed chemistry, | would have been able to study medicine. 3-1 fantasy illusion 3hallucinations 4 imagination Srealism 6image 4 great 2slips 3into convincing $ impression 6 semblance 5 Ttakenhherfor 2makingitup 3takenin 4 make out Sputon 6takeon USE OF ENGLISH UNITS 1-6 Part 1 1 A (be clearly better or different from the rest) 2.C (push all the right buttons; be attractive, appealing to someone) 3A (have) 4. (figment of our imagination is something which we imagine) 5 B (hang onto isa phrasal verb meaning to want to keep and not let go of something) 6 A (give up isa phrasal verb meaning relinquish, surrender) 7 A (a fantasy world is one which is not true; the opposite of our dayto day ives) £88 (a take on something is an opinion. a point of view about something) Part? 9 if (if we were to... second conditional) 10 up (free up means to gain time: phrasal verb) 17 ike (cud ike means to appear 35) 12 other in other words is 3 expression tore. phrase something previously stated) 13 off (unteh off means turm off phrasal vect) 14 be (we wil be spending isthe future continuous; looking at an action which willbe in progress ata point in the future) 15 back Vook back means rememberrecolec: phrasal verb) 16 have ( could have used isa past tense modal ver) Parts 7 truthful 1Blimitations 19commitment 20 increasingly 2 curiosity 22 probability 23 dsastrous 24 fooish Parts 2thethought of 26takeonlife 27 ithardto concentrate 28 putoff cleaning 29 was about toleave 30 should you want to UNIT 7 Reading 1 inaccessible 2 professes Jentice 4unashamediy Successive 6 accommodate 7refrain 8 galvanised 2-2 lighting and characters are not mentioned 3.1.4 ...rother clarifies the complexity of decision-making for people who find themselves in o constant struggle to achieve a basic standard of living 2 A. thecharactors’ current desperation and hope for a better future 3 B .. themusic portroys the issues focing abandoned children living in poverty, such os the upbeat Food, glorious, food: which coptures the chorocters'excitement at satisfying their hunger. the costume desian also highlights the biference between rich and poor 4.0 Apoputar choice for high school drama clubs due to its handing of multiculturalism and identity 5 © Using o groundbreaking original scriot 6 C ...ithelped pave the way for other playwrights to write Stories based on rotated subjects. 7 B ... the musical still emphasises the vulnerability and loneliness of children without a support network 8B... toan equally dificut life as a street boy under the watchful eye of an older boy, who is skilled in pckpocketing. 9A... the cycle of despair and poverty in which many French Citizens were trapped in France in the early 1800s. its operatic score underlines Iris addressing the struggles of working class America, The contrast involved in telling 0 take that focuses on working class people through «a genre generally associated with upper classes makes this ‘music truly original A Topulent 2 tackles 3 trvialse dated Srags 6 bleak Tharrowing 8 social cohesion Grammar 1 possibilty 2possbility Inecessity certainty S criticism 6 certainty 21A 2A 3B 4A 5B 31F 2F 31 4F 81 4 Tneeded 2could 3 will Twould 8 might WC Amay Smay 6 oughtVocabulary 1 Tholdback 2haveyoursay. 3sit upand take notice ASayitacitis Sinaword 6a way with words Ttonguastied 8 for want of a better word 2.1 has got his own way (He has striven to remain anonymous means he wanted to be anonymous, He is anonymous and so he has succeeded in getting what he wanted ) 2 Ina word (Only using one word. Thisis an expression, For wont of better word san alternative expression ) 3 situp and take notice He has caused an impression on the art world with what he has done) 4 word of mouth (He has become well known just from people talking to each other) 5 don't hold back (They are forthcoming in saying how good hes and how proud they are of him) {6 a spotlight on (This isan expression meaning focusing attention on something) 7 put (Couldn't put into words they can't find the words to express how they feel 8 the last word (Means tobe the last person to have an opinion about something and so the person with the most important opinion) 3-1 short and sweet (The opposite of long and rambling ). 2 verbose (The opposite of concise) 3 convoluted (Means nota linear argument, difficult to follow) 4 articulate (Means speech whichis easy to understand) 5 eloquent (Means speech which is carefully crafted, with wellchosen words) 6 accessible (Means easy to understand, not complicated) 417A (articulate express ideas well) 2.B (curt—using very few words in order to convey displeasure) 3 C (wordy-too many words {too long) 4B (convoluted difficult / complicated to follow: not straightforward) Listening 1 Extract 1 ‘You are going to listen to a conversation between a lecturer and a design student about a project onthe oxiginaity of fashion 1 How did the gil fel about being given clothes by her ‘grandmother? A relieved to have fashionable clothes B inspired to create her own clothes C pleased to be abe ta share her love of fashion 2 According to the lecturer originality in fashion is being devalued because designers ‘A only know how to make minimal changes to existing products B have to compete with large brands C don't have enough time to come up with new ideas Extract 2 You are going to listen toa conversation between two fiends about electronic devices. 3 How does the boy react to his rien new phone? ‘A He complains that it looks just lite his. B He argues that cheaper phones last longer C He explains that his friend could have saved money 4 How does the gi feel about copycat products? ‘A annoyed that they are so easy to produce 8 sad about their impact on originality frustrated that nothing fs done about them Extract 3 You are going to listen to a conversation between a girl and her brother about books. 5 What isthe girl doing? ‘A complaining about the predictability of stories worrying about finishing reading 2 book for schoo! C defending her favourite story gene 6 What do they both emphasise about a good stories? A the individuality of the writer's voice B the ability to recognise the writer's influences C the memorable characters 2.1.C [loved going to her house and talking about fabrics and patterns 2.8 it's almost impossible to produce original designs on the kind of scale that large chains use. 3 C There’ really no need to spend a lat of money on electronic goods 4.8 ... whichis @ shame because it means that people with {genuinely good ideas that could become quality products don't stand a chance. 5 A... Ivegiven up on so many books a few chapters in because it’s blatantly obvious what is going to happen 6 A... the best writers have their own unique style, you know who is writing i instantly (Girt) and the strongest personal identity Brother) 31 pushing 2ploy 3shelled out 4tweaking § blatantly 6 swiping Time out 1.4 (Guglielmo Marconi received the credit) 2 E (Thomas Edison received the credit) 3 F (Alexander Graham Bell received the credit) 4 8 (IBM received the credit) 5 C (Archie received the credit) 6 D (Kat Benz received the credit) Use of English 1 1 Thad been increasing 2had been released 3 hadnt known 4had created Sbuying 6had decided 2.1 was corwinced that the painting he had bought was an original 2 recommended buying that we/! buy art from a reputable dealer. 3 wasn't worried about whether it was a forgery 4 complained that the painting was far too expensive 5 estimated that the German artist copied about ty European artists 6 hope that ther painting isn't a forgery. 7 regretted buying the painting 8 encouraged me to go to the exhibition (bacause | would enjoy it) 3 for 2for 30n what Sthat 6to 4.1 The fist forgery is thought/believed to date back to the High Renaissance 2 He threatened to report the company to the police ifthe goods were counterfeit 3 We were asked whether we thought (that) buying fake designer goods affected the original designer. 4 The three men are thought te have been seling ake goods 5 He advised me to check the painting was authentic 6 She revealed (that) the painting was authentic because it hada signature on the back 195WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Use of English 2 1 T duplication 2breakage 3 defence closure S offence Gconfusion 7 treatment @ present, presentation 21E 2H 3A 4C SF 6G 72 aD 3 Tailure apologise 3confidence 4 performance Sdelivery 6 suitably 7arguably @movement 4 Trelationship 2criticism 3 disturbance 4.involvement Simpression 6 survival 5 Timpression 2 disturbances 3 involvement 4 criticism Sirelationship 6 survival Speaking 2.1 First, obviously 2 Regarding 3 bacause 4 Personally having 5 Moving 6 whereas 3 The student did not follow advice 2. Writing 111 27 3 F (ruses persuasive language throughout to support ideas) 4F (both areormal as they are tobe read by people in authority) 5 F (both use headings to make the points stand out clearly Bullets can also be used, but sparingly) 6T 2-2 refer back o the objectives of the proposal ¥ 3 use diferent phraseology from the rest of the proposal 7 31D (useof the word: purpose it outines what the proposal isfor 2-C (gives reasons, rationale behind the proposal) 3 € (gives examples of what could be done) 4 A (efers to the orgarisation) 5 8 (cummarises the main points) 5 Model answer Introduction “The purpose ofthis proposals to present the idea of setting pa schoo! radio station which students could fsten to during their breaks and free time in the school day Reazons for having a radio station Students like to be involved in schoo! ife and keep updated with school news They can currently do this through the school website and newsletters but a radio station would be more immediate and also entertaining atthe same time What the station would breadcast We believe that students would enjoy listening to class discussions or debates and hearing students talk about their achievements and trip experiences. There could also be interviews with teachers and local people For example we could invite local businessmen to give interviews about work prospects and careers advice, Other ideas would include phone‘in, programmes where students can dscuss school issues and song request sections with music by school bands and groups. How the station would be run We would suggest thatthe station is manned by student volunteess from different year groups. There could be a school club dedicated tothe station where students meet, plan and record different items to be broadcast Summary We strongly believe that a radio station such as this would bring students together and involve them more in schoo fe as wells giving students the opportunity to be involved in Crganising a very exiting project. We realy hope that this proposal willbe given consideration 196. Unit Check 1 1willhave heard 2 could have phoned Bhad needed to see 4 shouldn't have been waiting 5 could havehad 6 should have 7 might just as well 8 ought to have known 2.1 She reassured me that | would pass the exam, 2 He swore to look afterit | He swore that he would look after it. 3 He warned me to be careful (with it) because it was hot. 4 She encouraged me to tryit, 5. He expected them to arrive about 7 pm, 66 She recommended that we buy an electric one. 7 She announced that she was having/going to have a baby. 8 He grumbled that the lessons were (really) boring. 31D 2G 3E 4C SF 6H 7B 8A A Toweet 2put Isit Awords Shold 6 point walk UNIT 8 Reading 1 laudable 2wordy 3 brevity 4vilfy_5 time constraints 6 novholds-barred 2-1 expresses similar opinion to A about the intentions of health campaigns? 2 holds a diferent opinion to the other commentators about ‘the effectiveness of heath campaigns? 3 has the same opinion as D about more practical ways of dealing with health ksues? 4 holds the same view as C about the way campaigns address certain age groups? 31D (Nicolas) Miguel says J do agree withthe principe behind public heoth compoigns and Nicolas shares the same viewpoint, saying the rationle behind heolth campaigns is admirable 2.€ (rina) Miguel thinks that the more we are exposed to hard- hitting messages. the less effective they become. Gemma says Campaigns need to be backed up with some rel help, otherwise they are just pointless and Nicolas believes ‘that the trouble is that they are often too littie, too late. In contrast, rina thinks that these types of hearth campaign create afecling of togetherness 3B (Gemma) Nicola talks about When Inaticed my younger brother fling into the same pattern I talked to him about steering clear of too many fotty foods and I think that heolth campaigns should miro this kind of model Gemma Gives a similar example and says Consider someone who smokes because they ae incredibly stressed perhops ifthe campaign centred on reasons forthe unhealthy Behaviour «and provided support on ways to better manage this, people would be more likely to heed the warning. 4.4 (Miguel Irina thinks that Young people) don't ke feeling lite they are boing taked down to. Miguel boliaves that whon you'e a teenager lke me it can sometimes fel like you are being bombarded with information on how you should Ive your fas if you aren't capable of making your cn decisions 4 Theed the warning 2 puttheir mind tot 3 jumpon the bandwagon 4 don't give asecond glance 5 steeting clear Sfaling nto the same pattern 7 akin to 8 principle 5 Theed the warning 2 ster clear 3 faling into the same pattern jumping on the bandwagon _§ put our minds toit Sprinciple 7 gavelta second glance Bakinto TsayGrammar 1.1 D (The alternative impersonal passive form) 2.8 (At the end of the sentence ths adds impact) 2 A (The agentis unimportant. We don't need to know who talks about the stress threshold) 4.4 (The agentis unknown or unimportant ) 5 C (The positioning at the beginning makes it impersonal) 2-1 beput off 2havebeen shattered 3 thought to be 4vvillbehalved Sneed tobe 6 are seid to increase T weren't made to be 8 having jobs done 3-1 | was asked to answer some questions related to anxiety 2 Wewere told to think of ways to dea with stress. 3 I was given a weekend away for my birthday 4 Readers were atked to send in ideas for relation 5 The guests were taken to a spa retreat fr the day 6 The event i being fimed ater today 7 We are told that knowing our stress thresholds important. 8 Hei being given an award this evening Vocabulary 1 heros 4 rant 5 shriek 7 giggle 8 outrage Down TV weath 2 smirk 3 snigger rr) 2 Tconsiderate Zempathise 3 moan 4compassion 5 gloomy 3 Trip 2orinand bearit_ 3 getit off my chest A shoot my mouth off Slong face 4 Tgroan sympathise 3fedup laugh § outraged Gictrip 7shakenup Swoop Granting 10.chuelling Listening 1 adjective 2adjective 3 adjective 4 adjective/noun S adjective/noun 6noun 7 noun 8noun 2 Taware excessive 3 shameful 4 eternal fasts S dangerous Glifestyle Tmassmarket Bide effects 3 Tailments upcoming 3 scepticism 4 trial and error S manifests 6 fasts 7 wreaked havoc 8 susceptible Time out 1D 28 3C 4C 5A 6B 7A BA Use of English 1 1 balanced diet frre-proof vest five-year od boy Fussy eater growing problem increasingly dangerous amount long-standing tradition long-term relationship slowly cooked food sweet tooth 2 adjective + noun: fussy eater, sweet tooth, balanced diet, {growing problem compound adjective + noun: long-term relationship, fre-proot vest. five-year old boy, long-standing tradition compound adjective with adverb + noun: slowly cooked food, increasingly dangerous amount 31V 2F 3F 4! SF 61 4 1 slov-cooted food 2 Home-cooked food 3 processed food 4 health problems 5 regular exercise 5.1 for (collocation, praised for) 2 look (phrasal verb; look back) 3 whichjthat (relative pronoun) 4 not (not substitutes the phrase don't have a sweet tooth) 5 be (to be doprossed) 6 up (phrasal verb; come up with) 7 only (not only are they; conjunction used when listing alternatives) 8 that (relative pronoun) 6 Thectic 2guitar 2serious 4 hour and a halts Shigh-performing 6 far-reaching 7 little-known Bbestkept Fupdated 10 welktrained Use of English 2 1 Acontact reliance 3 break 4.gold S adherence 6 acquaintance 2Aclose Zheavy 3tough Asolid Scasual 6strict 31D (correct collocation with to} 2.A (correct moaning) 3 A (correct collocation) 44 (correct collocation) 5 B (correct verb + noun collocation) 6 C (correct meaning) 7 D (correct collacation) 9.A (n0 preposition for other options) 41F 2A 38 4C 50 6E 5 ‘suspicious nature 2standardissue 3 poorsecond 4 fair game Ssteadyhand high price Speaking 118 26 3A 2 Extract 1-1 Extract 2-3 B Extract 3-24 3.1 Tim really sorry to interrupt, but 2 Excuse me, can |just say that ..? 3 Tim not sure understand what you mean 4 Sorry, what was that? 5 Before you goon, Id like to say 6 Could you rephrase that. please? 7 lim sorry, didn't catch that. 8 'djust tke to add that 197WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Writing 1 invite professionals to give talks give eacy practical cookery classes 21B 2A 3C Thebest introduction for the exsay would be C 3 cone way this could be done J another option | the problems associated with unhealthy eating / such as these 5 Model answer We are constantly being told that we need to start eating more ‘nutritious and well-balanced meals. This, however, is not easy +o do. This is because we have got into bad eating habits for variety of reasons. We need to identify these reasons so that ‘more guidance can be given to help develop healthy eating habits ‘One important reason is that we become used to certain eating patterns in childhood. Whereas many parents are careful in ‘what food they give their children. athers are perhaps less ware and children become used to eating foods with alot Of salt or sugar. Peer pressure is also a factor here, as children often want to copy what their school mates do and eating unhealthy snacks can be one of these things. [Another reason could be that when we get older and life becomes busier itis very easy to slip into the habit of eating {ast food from takeaway restaurants or ready meals that can be ‘ickiy cooked in the microwave. Whereas this s fine from time to time, it isnt that good for our health, Al things considered, | really feel that the more important issue here is that af our childhood eating patterns as these aften define the way we look at food and mealtimes forthe rest of our lives. Infact, busy parents may ako give their children fast Food, which then becomes a pattern It isa parent's responsibilty to {give ther children well balanced, healthy meals and to this end ood education should be targeted at the family, Unit Check 1.1 Vitamin Eis known to be good for the skin 2 Yeats ago, it was thought that salt was good for you 3 Now itis thought that salt is related to high blood pressure, 4 The majority of walnuts we eat are exported from the USA. 5 Alarge amount of avocados we eat are grown in Mexico. 6 Children are usually encouraged (by people) to eat plenty of fruit and vegetables. 7 A few years ago green tea was claimed (by doctors) to be a miracle érink {8 Many health myths have been shattered (by scientific discoveries). 21Home-cooted food 2sweet tooth 3 processed food 4 long-standing tradition 5 balanced diet_ 6 fussy eater 7 freshly picked vegetables 8 growing problem 3 tup Zlost.let 3long 4grin Soff mouth 4 1 depressed 2grcan 3sympathise 4 gloomy S.consideration 6 compassion 7moan 8 empathise Qstressed 10 grumpy 198 UNIT 9 Reading 1 Theadup charisma 3 squabbles 4 sizeable S get his head round 6 sought out 7 draining Bidealy placed 2 4 is correct (only teenager B didn't have a postive experience) 3.1.C Wepit it off straight away ond since the program finished. we've kept in touch 2.B _. we wanted to work seriously and be challenged by Something that we might encounter in the future To be perfectly honest, came away feeling disappointed and cheated 3 D ... towards the end of the week we moved onto o group action project. which | preferred because it meant that we could Bein the driving seat! 4A ftshowed us that we have to get on with each other and ‘make the best of each others skis, ator al we cant just walk out of ajob after an argument! 5 A... thisterm Fm going to join the events committee at schoo to help out with the student-led events that take place throughout the year, {6 B Unfortunately ths just had the opposite effec ast fl ke the organisers were trying too hard and were completely ‘out of touch with people my age 7 D ....every day we were there for eight hours. with atleast three different sessions per day. 8B ...aftera couple of days was already wishing that | hadn't bothared. The tasks that wo were givan ware supposed to equip us with rea-ife sil but they were all intentionally ‘wacky’to appeal to peope in my age group 9A Itshowed us that we have to get on with each other and ‘mote the best of each others sil: aftor al we con't just walk out of ajob ofter an argument! 10 C The programme itseff was nothing special A ‘rivalry equip 3got heated outgrown 5 surpassed Goutstanding Tablast Bhitit off Grammar 11. Never before had | spoken in public but in the debating society m getting used to it. 2.8 It'sthe chariematic people that Ihave met that make the ‘drama club co amazing 3D What love about clube is that | mast people that | ‘wouldn't otherwise have met. 4/4 Notonly are they fun but it's useful because it looks good on my CV. 5 C Itdoes sometimes feel draining playing sport every week, but Ido feel in great shape 68 It’s the fact that Lam always learning something new that Viove 7 A Inno way would |say that | am creative, but in this club ‘am developing creative sil 21noway 2notonly 3nosooner 4What § Never 6What Trot once Bno circumstances 3 1 A: What | love about ‘castellers's being part ofa tear. B: No way would | ever have gone right to the top! 2 A: Never have | hurt myself when doing ‘castelles. B: Under no circumstances would I recommend this to anyone who is afraid of heights. 3 A: Not only do lgo every week, but I've joined a second group! B: Only once did | miss 2 Sunday last vear when | was il 4 1than 2way 3rarely/seldom 4no 5What 6only Tthat 8 docsVocabulary 1 ttasks 2 take 2 collaboratively responsibilty 5 tiled Bideas Tload Brespect 2 ttoke 2touch Fheads Astops S player 6 place 2 Tresolition 2colaboratively 3 requitement 4 communication § performance 6honed 7 survival Bimplcitly Listening 2 Task 1 1D m0 detarmined to do wal in an exam that | want to take advantage of every spare second 2.8... Imofraid to stop incase Ilse it and have to stort again 3H Most of my colleagues have lunch at their desks and ‘meetings are often scheduled for during the lunch period because people take it for granted thet you'l be in the office 4E It’sot uncommon to spend the whoke shift sorting out a problem and because ofthe logistics involved, can't just toke time aut. 5 C J wont to present myself as hardworking and proactive so! dont fee! lite can ignore emails or phone calls because tn taking a break Task 2 6D ...otherwise | hove aificulty remembering the content fm studying. 7 F tian‘ productive ifit means that | can‘t work property for the next day or two becouse I can't focus on the task 8 G .. which means I don't get tired and avo‘ the typical mid «afternoon slurp that Ia get if did't get any fresh air 9A Driving home feeling so tired felt dangerous and | was tenified crash into another cor 10.C otherwise | start getting awful headaches 3 Idelberste 2extreme 3same 4relaxed 5 down Gprevented Texpected 8 temporary Use of English 1 11F 21 3F 4F 51 6F 71 81 2 I performance 2 re-evaluation 3 acquisition increase Simportance 6 refusal 3-1 an argument that soft skills such as empathy and negotiation Skil are essential for recruitment. 2 by the complexity ofthe skill sets needed for twenty-first century jobs. 3 a rapid increase in people's understanding ofthe importance cof oft sills 4 development in our knowledge of soft sks over the past five years 5 a refusal by some people to acknowledge the relevance of soft skills in the workplace 6 have ditfiulty identifying soft sis 4-1 Intervows tasks are often designed to test person's (level of) creativity in resolving problems 2 The failure to accept the importance of soft sil by some educationalists, puts some candidates ata disadvantage. 3 The hard work by the candidate for the interview wos evident in her presentation 4 Thereis some confusion 25 tothe format of stils-based interviews 5 ‘Ski-based interviews aim to assess the performance ‘of candidates / candidates’ performance in ctferent situations. 6 There's stronger competition / more competition than ‘there used tobe for jobs in the digital marketing industry Use of English 2 1 1en 2mis Fever under Sen 6re- 2 tensue 2redo 3mishear 4 overruns 5 underestimate 6 overlook 3 1Originally 2 tendency assumption 4 personality Sunnatural 6enable Timpressive @ sharpen 4 Tunderpay 2overreact 3retrain Amistake 5 fasten 6 enforce Speaking 1.1 E (ts bythe interacuter) 2 F fanypicture can be chosen) 3 F (the answer shouldbe brit but with alte detai) ar 5 F (questions requiring a personal answer are nat appropriate at CAE) 2 Pictures A and B 3.1 thesimilarties 7 2 the differences ¥ 4 the advantages related to the second picture ¥ 5 how the people in the frst picture might be feeing 6 how the peoplein the second picture might be feeling 4 Question 2(1 requires a personal answer not appropriate at CAE: 3 covers the original question and would not be asked: 2 ks for speculation, could apply to all three, does not have a Fight oF weong answer and should not overlap with long turn) Writing 12 anintroduction detailing the purpose ofthe report. 3 headings for each section. 4 some facts about the school. 7 comments about the good and bad points ofthe experience. 7 8 cuggestionG) for improvement. 2.2 The aim ofthis report 3 the placement / the work J recommendations 4 roatively small. 120 children 7 Good: ange of levels / teaching methods / useful enjoyable Bad: more involvement with the children 8 visit the school prior to the start. to discuss what... most Useful 3 1EGpecifi) 2C (genera) 3B (genera) 4D (pectic) 5 A (genera) 4 1rule 2exception 3 point 4 part Sfar 6whole 6 Model answer The purpose of this report isto assess my recent work ‘experience placement at a leisure centre and to make recommendations regarding using this placement again for future students, The Centre Holbury Leisure Centre has affty:metre swimming pool and offers faclties for more than fifteen different sports. tis popular and busy centre, attracting people from the local community as well as accommodating regular visits from schools. My placement was fora fortnight and on the whole | feel | benefitted a great deal from what | did there The work | was given a variety of diferent jabs during the two weeks Which for the most part taught mea lot about how a leisure centre is run and how it feels to work there. appreciated learning about the different sports and also seeing how the trainers interact with the public. was also given the ‘opportunity to feed some ideas into the latest advertising ‘campaign for the centre, which was exciting, | was less happy with the hours | spent teaching beginners to swim as I did not 199WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY feel my supervisor fully supported me. In adcition to this | felt ‘that the trainers relied a ittle too much on my help when they were short staffed Recommendations Overall | believe that the centre is a goad place for a work ‘experience placement and should be offered to future students, However it is worth noting that any student placed there really ‘needs to be ready to work very hard, as they may be called upon to assist trainers at short notice Unit Check 1 1Innoway 2what 3notonly 40nlyonce 5 Never 6 Not until 7no circumstances 8no sooner 2.1 No sooner had | accepted the role of team leader than I started to regret it. 2 Only once have I been chosen to be team captain. 3 Not only do I hate being the team leader, but | am also very indecisive 4 At notime did | ever want to be the lead singer when I was in the band / when I was in the band did I ever want to be the lead singer 5 ln no way would I say | am / am | a sporty person, but Ido. like running, 6 Under no circumstances would I ever buy a lottery ticket, because I think i's a waste of money. 3 1 The complexity of relationships is what makes them interesting 2 There isa suggestion that you should choose friends who are different rom you 2 The development of friendships depends on many factors, 4 Competition between / among friends isnot healthy 5 Theres an argument that friendships are our most important relationships 6 The success of friendships depends on how much time and emotion we invest in them 4 1 put somebody in their place 2 take a back seat 3team players 4 laydown 5 the buck stops here 6 put ourheads together USE OF ENGLISH UNITS 1-9 Part 1 1A (words fails an expression describing an emotional or surprising reaction toa situation ) 2.C (grin and bear itis an expression meaning to accept something without complaining) 3B (a smile which is smug and conceited) 4A (build up trust with someone is to establish a relationship based on mutual trust) 5 C (to create an atmosphere, collocation) 6A (take the initiative; collocation) 7 D (to take a back seat is to deliberately give up control) A (lead by example isto behave in an exemplary way which shows others how to act) Part 2 9 that (relative pronoun: rferring to what was reported) 10 on (insist on; a dependent preposition) 11 what (relative pronoun, referring to what she found) 12 able (able to swim means capable of swimming) 13 been (present perfect have been born) 14 up (come up with; phrasal vr) 15 be (passive structure; tobe supported) 16 have (past modal verb talking about possibilty; might have been due to) 200 Part3 17 considerable 18 pursuit 19 enthusiastic 20 isolation 2 unwilingness 22 typically 23 happiness 24 option Part 4 25 dared not tell 26 want of a better 27 itis boieved 28 good team player 29 denied permission to 30 made a good impression on UNIT 10 Reading and Use of English Part 1 ‘1B (committing to memory: expression meaning to remember something well) 2-C (resounding success: collocation) 3 B (the individuality of a person tall us how they are unique) 4A (to eam respect means to gain respect from other people: collocation) 5 A (pitting image; expression meaning to look identical to someone else) {6 (identical twins are twins that are genetical and physically ‘the same) 7A (indistinguishable from each other means itis impossible or ‘ery difficult to see a difference between them) 8 A (the last word isan expression meaning to have the final or definitive pronouncement on a decision) Part 2 49 to (one things similar to something else) 10 more (comparative structure The shallower our breathing the ‘more we gulp for breath; The harcer we work the more we gain) 11 for (something happens for a reason) 12 not (not always so substitutes it isnt akways due to sadness) 13 that (having soid that isan expression meaning nevertheless or in spite of that) 14 order (we use in order to to say it is possible to do something) 15 be (crying can be « mood booster; modal verb can plus infinitive without to} 16 them (pronoun refers to tears) Part 3 17 qualifications (certificates to show your academic achievements) 18 increasinaly (progressively, continuously more) 19 enlighten inform, tll, make aware) 20 achievement() (academic attainments, exams that someone has passed) 21 conscientious (be careful. be attentive) 22 inability (powerlessness, incapacity) 23 underestimate (underrate think less of something) 24 cautionary (a warning) Part 4 25 Under no circumstances must / should you speak during the exam 26 | was under the impression that you had been given the job 27 Our general health is reported to be better than last year 28 The teacher threatened to give them extra homework if they were not quiet 29 Ithas been agreed that we will try harder in class. 30 Torn might have left the computer on Part S 31D _. most people try to get the best bolance between a secure Job ond something that they get genuine enjoyment from; force most people to settle for ether former or the latter32.C ...despite the superficial lifferences these economies could be linked by their apparent dependence on certain conditions 33 B The distinction between work time and leisure time becomes ‘Blurred, and you need to exercise alat of discipline to commit yourself to toking time off 34 B _.iving ito the temptation to lower your price in order to secure a jb con lead you into cycle of low prices that is dificult to get back out of 35 A Some people struggle with feelings of panic and a fear of destitution that can stem from such a lack of contro 36 B just because something looks lke an easy way to moke ‘money with minimal effort doesn't mean that there aren't hidden side effects. Part 6 37 B It didn’t give uso full picture: the orticte simply listed a series of facts (Binks with I don think that the article was objective enough (0) 38 A ...ifyou are going to hand out potentially life-changing Consequences (A) inks with There is no need to ran young people's futures for making a foolish mistake (C) the article showed me thot they operate on o much larger Scale nowadays than I had realised (A) links with but | was unaware that paic-for essays were so prevalent in higher education nowadays. (C) to my mind unnecessarily severe, consequences to students (A) links with such unnecessarily extreme measures. (B) and | don’t believe that giving criminal record is the best route to.go down. (C). whereas (D) has a positive view and says believe that the writers suggestion of giving criminal records isavald one. Part 7 41.C New York University’s Polytechnic School of Engineering carried out some interesting research (para 1) links with the results showed that (C) 42.B For the general population, engaging our hands in constant _movement, for example by doodling or clicking a pen (para 2) links with allowing part of your brain to engage in something seemingly banal ond repetitive like those mentioned above (®) 43 D set upa blog through which he asked people what they usually play with when they are bored at work (para 3) inks vwith Through such questions (D) the explosion in popularity of so-called fidget toys (Gara 4) links with Among the benefits of these tool (E) and However not everyone is convinced that these are just harmless tools to distract ale hands (E links with Some schools in the UK have begun banning fidgeting toys (para 5) ‘annoying and showing off to their peers by doing tricks that they learn onfine (para 5) links with Peers of a student sing a fidget spinner ore often driven to distraction by the constant whirring and spinning (A) their esearch con reach further than ust the production (of for-profit. market-specifc fidgeting toys (para 6) inks with Lnderstanding the science of fidgeting can haven impact on the design of cit interactions (F) Part 447 E Refine your keywords and make sure your CV is keyword ich, Many companies use software to scan CVs for keywords, so be {eyword savvy if you don't want to miss out on that perfect job 48.C make sure your CV portrays your unique marketing _message which sells you and your brand. 49 A Your CV should be enticing tothe eye 50 D Be ruthless about eliminating all superfluous information or wordy language 51.C Theres nothing wrong with boasting 39C 40D 44 45.8 46F 52 B An indepth analysis ofthe sil set ond task inherent inthe job neods tobe done 53 A Think of your CV as a snapshot of you. Think of it as a visual image of yourself. 54.8 A blanket CV. isnot going to bow! aver most bosses 55 D Your CVs certainly not meont to be your autobiography and ‘so two pages of A4 is the maximum you should be aiming for. 56 E The central core of your CV should be your competency profile a5 opposed to a list of exams you have passed. Writing Model answers 1 Essay There is litle doubt thatthe world is facing environmental problems on a scale that will have inescapable consequences for everyone on the planet. The question of how we deal with these cues ie of immediate concern t0 Us al For many people. these problems seem beyond our individual contial and asa result people pass the responsibilty of action tocthers. Thisia shortsighted approach; there is always something individuals can do, from recycling to making choices about whether to use renewable energy or drive less polluting cars. Ona global scale, countries can work together to help solve these problems. limate change takes no notice of borders tis affecting everyone wherever they lve on the planet, Countries have historically had differant priortias concerning the wealth and welfare of thei own citizens Now, they nead to co- ‘operate to deal with polition of al types and share scientific research to find ways we can overcome or learn to ve withthe consequences. Whereas scientists can give us the evidence to explain shat is happening to the planet, the way we deal with this iscompletely our responsibility tis vitally important that 2s individuals we are educated about what is going on and hhow we can help, even in small ways, However in my opinion we shall not be abe to make significant progress without international agreements. truly hope that countries will be able to set aside their differences and work together in the future for the good of everyone 2 Proposal Introduction In order to help promote cuttural awareness and Understanding. my proposals for an international food week at this school to take place in June Organisation Instead of serving the meals that students usually expect to find the cafeteria could offer arange of choices from a different country each day Volunteer students might also «ress up in national costumes to help serve the food and in addition to this, the cafeteria could be decorated in the national colours ofthe country There might be a small cost tothe school involved as some ingredients may be more expensive and exceed the normal cafeteria budget, but it should not be significant. Preparation There would bea student group set upto research efferent meals and dzcuse with the cafeteria staff what would or would not be feasible The group could even survey other students for suggestions 2s to what could be included cn the menus. This Group would overse the decoration ofthe cafeteria and help serve the meals. Before the week tse we would create and print cut forthe students information related to the history behind the diferent meals and any customs asscciated with them. 201WORKBOOK ANSWER KEY Summary ‘This proposal would help promote students’ understanding cf different cultures in an enjoyable and educational way. Everybody likes food and a country’s meals are certainly at the heart of its culture. An international food week could spark students’ interests to learn even more about other countries ‘and I hope you wil give this proposal full consideration 2 Review Documentaries are being made nearly every week about one topic or another and it seems that their popularity is ever Increasing. However, there sno doubt in my mind that the stand-out documentary series of recent times, perhaps of this decade, has to be the amazing Planet Earth 2 ‘The original Planet Earth was made more than ten years ago and used the most advanced technology ofthe time ta ‘lm astonishing sequences of the natural world. The second series, exploiting the very latest developments in technology is, ‘even more spectacular A daring crew of cameramen bring us breath-taking shots that take us from isolated islands, through ‘mountains, deserts and grasslands to the amazing underwortd, cof our cities, and show us the challenges facing the animal in these places. From an entertainment point of view this series keeps you on the edge of your seat, not wanting to miss one shot. No one ho sees Planet Earth 2 could ever forget the slowmotion shots of snow eagles fighting in the mountains, or the tertfying spectacle of racer snakes chasing and kiling baby marine iguanas. And throughout the series the familar, soft voice of David Attenborough makes us aware how precious al these ‘animals and environments are. and reminds us of the desperate ‘need to protect them. A saries like this, <0 visually bold and exciting, can probably do ‘more to alert us all to the probleme facing the environment today, than any book or political speech. Ifyou haven't seen it already, | recommend that you de. It will probably be one of the ‘most memorable documentaries you've ever watched, 4 Letter Dear Sir | am writing to bring some important information to the attention of your readers. This is regarding the proposed development of the wild ground area between the river and Bassett Avenue, Initially the proposal was to develop the space to create a pleasant green area with paths, flowers and benches where people could walk and sit.A small playground was to be built on the eastside of the area suitable for young children. However, have recently discoverad that new plans have been put forward ‘to build a large number of houses on the site instead, Each building will have several fats to rent and with views across the river this willbe extremely profitable for the developers I have to say that | am appalled by these plans There are already many housing developments. this area and the local roads would become even more congested were this proposal +o go ahead. What the area does need is a green space as per the original plan. People need somewhere to go to relax. and this spot overlooking the river would be ideal |lam dismayed that these new proposals have not been easily available for public view and diccussion, and | hope that by [publishing this letter you will make people aware af what is {going on. Ihave started an online petition against the proposed development and | would lke as many signatures as possible so ‘that we can persuade the developers to reconsider their plans ‘This development has to be stopped 202 5 Report Introduction The aim of this report is to suramarise and evaluate the events, of the recent youth conference on the environment and to comment on whether students should continue to attend next year The day's events ‘The youth conference was held on Saturday 7th April and ‘was attended by myself and three other students from this school. There were over six hundred students from various schools in the country. As expected, a large part of the day was taken up with talks on various environmental problems, given by specialists in ther fields. Most of the talks were followed by question and answer sessions. Part of the afternoon was dedicated to discussion groups where we talked about possible future public awareness campaigns and also effective ways of bringing environmental issues into primary education Value of the events The majority of the talks were engaging and informative, with the exception of a talk on climate change which was over reliant on statistical data. The diccuscions and brainstorming sessions worked extremely wall and contributions were enthusiastic and creative. am sure that all the participants gained a lot of insight into environmental problems and possible solutions from this conference. It was also very interesting to meet students with similar concerns from all over the country, Recommendations Regarding future attendance. | would definitely encourage anyone interested in the environment to go. Any concerns such as the dryness of the talk mentioned above will almost certainly be picked up on from our feedback forms. The conference organisers can be relied on to present an interesting and valuable day of events. Listening Part t 1B It sounds more like o niche idea and may take off on a small scale. 2 B It would do you the power of good to really switch eff with something £0 immersive 3 A But | think thot all sorts of people stand to benefit. Students ‘single people, single parent faites, first time buyers. 48 [ve read that these houses are an inexpensive alternative but the expense of building them is not realy cutting the costs The smaller places need to be custom built whichis a costly ‘busines, and hence counterproductive 5 C Perhaps if you look for enough its bound to happen. You know, fortuity. Quite frankly | like to spend my time and money on ‘more intellectualychalenging stuf! {6B guess | did toke the article at face valve and I was really taken in by it. When you put it like that | suppose you have ‘point Part 2 7 sciance It's no secret that my tolont les in arts based subjects rather than science 8 straightforward. nthe end, decided o concentrate.on a more straightforward epproach ‘9 explanation While their importance to our existence needs no explanation, 10 ants. ants work together to cary things that are twice their 11 connections I alse that not oll of you wil share my outiook on nature and thot these connections may appear toe weak tosome12 puzaling.. we don't spend enough time studying the lessons that nature can teach us. You may think that our obsession with trying to produce new ways of thinking and resolving problems is proseworthy Ive ead it described as unnecessary, but ‘everyone agrees with the idea that its puzzling 13 respectful While people around the word are often dismissive ‘of nature’ importance or are uncaring towards it, some indigenous cultures are respectful of nature 1 inspiration Our tendency is to ook to empowering quotes on social media for inspiration, but next time you ae feeling down ‘or confused, I ecommend going to any wide open felé or the heart ofa forest are take the time to really open your eyes to what is around you Part3 15.8 ...| considered opening by café but | wasn't sure about my abilitios to make a success of it 16 C _.it snot eaten by as many people in the UK 178m known amongst my friends forgiving advice. so it came natural tome! 18 A fel fortunate that no two days ae the same! 19 C (Samia) Allowing tto evolve organically took the pressure off (tite) Not rushing into anything. Im glad that | took the time to.got to know my customers to be able to tak to them ‘bout the gelato, to get their ideas and their feedback 20 C I don't have one end goo, instead Ihave ot of sma goals that lead up to something bigger. and that will aways lead onto something eke Part Task 1 1 F ... focus on my passion for graphic desion. 2 E When the opportunity came to secure a new partnership. it {elt ike my hard work finely pid off 3.G 1 come fist place ina contest for start-ups 4.4. Lcame across my grandmothers antique earring down the back ofthe sofa months after ost it 5 D leaded up with afve star hotel in the Bahamas for £200 Task 2 1 E trust in your own intuition 2 D .. expanding your network of friends and acquaintances 3 C Depending too much on other people 4A... most things can be avoided if you take extro precautions! 5 G __ sticking to one path to reach it is more likely to set you up for foiure 203