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 SOCIALISM, SIMON AND CDM

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Theory of Socialism: Karl Marx Only option to remove the rich classes from society
is mass struggle

Reasons for Socialism

Russian Revolution (1917)
Formed by: M N Roy

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Formation of Party
Communist Party of India: 1920; Tashkent, Uzbekistan

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1925: formalised in Kanpur
In 1924: the party was involved in
People involved: S A Dange, Muzaffar
Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case
Ahmed, Shaukat Usmani, etc.
1929: Meerut Conspiracy Case

1920: All India Trade Union Congress

Joseph Baptista ·
R N M Joshi, Lala Lajpat Rai, Dewan Chaman Lal,
Father of Trade Union: NM Lokhande, he founded Bombay Mill Association
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Caste Movements
Self Respect Movement: E V Ramaswamy Naicker (1924)
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Mahad Satyagraha (1927): Dr. B R Ambedkar

Novels and Books

Bandi Jeevan: Sachin Sanyal
Pather Dabi: Sharat Chandra Chatterjee
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Philosophy of Bomb: B. C. Vohra

In Punjab-UP-Bihar
1. Formation of Hindustan Republican Association (1924) Kanpur
Formed by: Ram Prasad Bismil, J. C. Chatterjee, Sachin Sanyal

Kakori Incident (1925) Kakori village, Lucknow

Participants: Ashfaqulla, Roshan Singh, Ram Prasad Bismil*
,Ranjendra Lahiri
Hanged till death
 Transformed to
2. HRA HSRA (1928) in Feroz Shah Kotla
"Y
Socialist
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·

By: Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev

=
↑ By
1926: Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha By Bhagat Singh

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/

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1928: Lala Lajpat Rai lead against Simon Commission and recited slogan “Simon go back”
Killed by Scott through Lathi Charge
1928: Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Raj Guru killed Saunders instead of Scott

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>
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↓ To avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai

In Lahore
&

1929: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwer Dutt bombed Central Legislative Assembly
Reason?
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This Bill was Anti-
Against “Public Safety Bill” (1928) Nationalism as said by Swaraj

23 March 1931: Martyred -

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Purpose: to make deaf hear

Celebrated as “Shaheed Diwas”

Party
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&
>

1931: C S Azad killed himself

1929: tried to kill Irwin Alfred Park, now known as
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Chandrashekhar Azad Park where he

killed himself on 27 Feb (Allahabad)

In Bengal
1930: Chittagong Armoury Raid
- Lead by Surya Sen (also known as Master Da)
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Women participants:
↑
Pritilata Waddedar, Kalpana Dutta, Suniti
Chanderi, Bina Das
 GOI ACT 1919: Montagu Chelmsford Reforms

10 years later (But) “Why I Am an Atheist?” Book by: Bhagat Singh

1927: Simon Commission under the chairmanship of John Simon

Then PM in Britain: Stanley Baldwin

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Simon Commission
1928: This commission arrived India This slogan coined by “Yusuf Meherally”

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Revolt against it “Simon Go Back” 7 membered Commission (all white, no
Indians)
Madras Session of Congress (1928) Decision to boycott
Chairman: John Simon Simon Commission
Special session (only in Emergency)
President: M A Ansari
Response to Simon Commission
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Then Secretary: Birkenhead challenged Indians
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Nehru Report (1928): under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru
S C Bose, J L Nehru and Srinivasa Iyengar
Demands: formed Indian Independence League in 1928
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B R Ambedkar Were in Support of

Hindu Mahasabha 3 Simon Commission To end Separate Electorate
Founded in 1915 by Madan Mohan Malaviya
Demand for Dominion status

Delhi Proposals by Muslim League

14 points by Jinnah given

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Basic framework of Pakistan Constituition

Calcutta Session of Congress

Nehru Report Accepted

Irwin’s Declaration/Delhi Manifesto

When will the Dominion Status be
Round Table Conference (in London) by Irwin
implemented?

Congress launched Delhi Manifesto

 Lahore Session (Dec, 1929) ·
Dominion Status was 1st demanded by: Tej Bahadur
Presided by J L Nehru Sapru, M R Jaykar
Decisions taken:
1st Round Conference Table to be boycotted
Goal: “Purna Swaraj”
26 Jan 1930: 1st Independence Day
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31 Dec 1930:
29 Flag hoisted on the banks of Ravi river with slogans “Inquilab

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Zindabad” by J L Nehru
Gandhi launched Civil Disobedience Movement
Slogan by Moulana
T Hasrat

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Decisions Taken: Mohani
Gandhi launched Civil Disobedience Movement
>
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31 Jan 1930: Gandhi’s 11 Demands
“Inquilab Zindabad” :- Slogan by Moulana Hasrat Mohan
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31 Jan 1930: Gandhi’s 11 Demands

Dandi March
Allahbad Nevsari
1* miles
12 March-6 April 1930 240
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Gandhi marched with 78 delegates from Sabarmati to Dandi
Gandhi decided to raid Dharsana Arrested: 4 May
To violate Salt Law
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Spread of Salt Disobedience Congress Working Committee
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In Ryotwari Areas: non-payment of revenue

In Zamindari Areas: No chowkidar tax
In Central Province: defiance of forest laws

In Different States (leaders)

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Tamil Nadu: C Rajagopalachari In trichinopoly to Vedaranniyam

Malabar: K Kelappan (Vaikom Satyagraha)
Orissa: Gopalbandhu Choudhary
Bihar: Ambika Kant Sinha (Nakhas Pond chosen as site to violate salt law)
Peshawar: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan or Badshah Khan or Frontier Gandhi
And Kamala Devi “Red Shirt Movement”
Chattopadhyay Founder of: Khudai Khidmatgar
Dharsana: Sarojini Naidu Sarojini Naidu persuaded Gandhi to seek women participation
Manipur and Nagaland: Rani Gaidinliu

Said to Gandhi “Do not restrict men alone”

 Forms of Mobilization
Prabhat Pheri, Vanar Sena, Manjari Sena

Gandhi-Irwin Pact 14 Feb 1931 Gandhi’s demands:

Irwin’s demands to Gandhi: 1. Release political prisoners, not convicted of voilence
2. Give the property back not sold to third-party
Suspend CDM
3. Right to produce salt for personal consumption

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Participate in 2nd Round Table Conference

Gandhi-Irwin Pact was endorsed in here

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Karachi Session 29 March 1931
Presided by Sardar Patel

*
2nd Round
Congress TabletoConference
agreed participate in 2nd Round Table Conference
CDM suspended
Meaning of “Purna Swaraj” The goal of Purna Swaraj was reiterated

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Program
olicy
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2 resolution adopted: Fundamental Rights and National Economic
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Round Table Conference
To discuss Simon Commission Report in London
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3 RTCs:
1st: 1930
2nd: 1931 Only RTC where Gandhi and Congress participated
3rd: 1932

B R Ambedkar was the only one to attend all 3 RTCs

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