Issue Date

31/10/2017

WHITE PAPER
BLOCKMESH

© Prometheus Industries Pty Ltd. Registered in the Republic of

South Africa as a company 2016/254313/07

All rights reserved.

TABLE OF
CONTENTS
An Introduction 04

The Company 07

Understanding the Technology 09

Mining The BlockMesh 15

What is BlockMesh now? 16

Mesh Datagram Protocol (MDP) 17

BlockMesh MeshEx 18

Primary Goals 19

Future Goals 20

Token Implementation 21

The Team 22

Our Partners 23

Roadmap 24
Page 004 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

AN
INTRODUCTION

Chris Fabian OUR PHILOSOPHY

Co-lead of UNICEF’s Innovation Lab.

Connect people via a self-sustaining network that has

“Technology has the potential to lift people out of the ability to reward participation. Our methodology

poverty. All signs point to the developing world is to enable this change by running an efficient com-

skipping past the eras of landlines and desktop mercial business model.

computers and going straight to mobile. That

potential for two-way communication is changing

the face of international development. For the first

time ever, we’re able to have a clear line to people Mobile telephony providers have implemented a very

who are in the middle of nowhere to give them a aggressive diffusion strategy for mobile networks,

sense of a future, information, opportunity and especially throughout Africa. The aggressive mobile

choice.” 1 telephony strategy has increased its market share,

adoption of smart technology and infrastructure. Our

1
Consumer Technology Association https://www.cta.tech/News/ technology relies on the adoption and market share

Blog/Articles/2015/July/How-Mobile-Phones-Are-Changing-the-De- characteristics, not infrastructure.

veloping-Worl.aspx 2
 Page 005 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

The global population is estimated at 7.8 Billion people 2 , it is also estimated that
60% have no access to internet across the globe 3.

ABOUT 4 BILLION NON-USERS

Affordability Infrastructure Local adoption & use

13% 29% 31% 80% 95%

of people live Number of countries of people live of online content is of survey

below the where broadband is outside of 3G only available in 1 of participants in 12
international coverage. 1 10 languages, which developed and
poverty line. 2 of the population only about three developing coun-
once household people speak as tries have used
incomes are taken their first. online government
into account. 3 services.

Most recently available figures used : World Bank, 2015, UNESCO Adult and Youth Literacy , 2015, 2 ITU, 2015 estimate, World Bank, 2014, BCG, 2014

2
United Nations Population Division https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/
3
World Economic Forum https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/02/4-reasons-4-billion-people-are-still-offline/
Page 006 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

WHO PAYS THE MOST NOW?

Whilst there is a large disparity between individuals who Mobile telephony technology, smart phones and its large

own smartphones and those that have data enabled mobile adoption is the backbone to support 3G, Bluetooth, Wire-

technology, the trend seems to be moving towards acces- less and tethering technology linked via mesh networks.

sible economical technology that is affordable to lower

income earners. Our objective is to empower users with a smart device to

be enabled to at their choosing, receive encrypted data

Targeting the largest customer base is a sound business from a recipient whom will collect the data then relay it

model, however it is not assisting in development especially along the mesh network until received by the designated

when the fees charged are not proportionate to the user’s recipient.

ability to earn, work and pay for those costs.

The mesh network route will then be rewarded for data

passed on. This will mine our “Mesh Token” which then can

Our ICO allows the deployment of a platform including also be used to pay peer to peer via our wallet. The token

application to solve this problem. itself will be developed on the Ethereum network.

A mesh network is a network topology in which each node relays data for the network. All mesh

nodes cooperate in the distribution of data in the network. It can be applied to both wired and

wireless networks 4. Wireless mesh networks can be considered a type of Wireless ad-hoc network.

The means of operation of a mesh network is very similar in composition to how humanity commu-

nicates. In its purest form of course...

4
Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesh_networking/
Page 007 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

THE
COMPANY

Introduction

Blockchain technology has introduced the world to decen-

tralisation whilst easing access to markets and trade. As

worldwide adoption becomes a reality we are excited to be

part of this positive change, through providing access to all

these resources through established interfaces.

It is our belief that if we remove the barriers of access to

networks and connectivity, it will empower the world, allevi-

ate poverty and enlighten us as part of the global village.

Meet BlockMesh through

Prometheus

We are first and foremost a business, secondly an or-

ganisation that exists to improve lives and break barriers

to communicating. It is our belief we cannot affect great

change without being a successful business model first.

Our methodology is to implement best management and current-centralised communication ecosystem operates.

industry leading practices in the pursuit of creating value. Our understanding and development utilising Blockchain

has solved our challenge of compelling individuals to

BlockMesh started as a mesh network solution provider in support the Mesh network, the reward function will utilise

October 2015. This has enabled us to develop a solution in Blockchain technology via a cryptocurrency in order to

the market which could revolutionise the way the reward supporting the network.
Page 008 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

We are first and foremost a

business, secondly an organisation that exists to improve

lives and break barriers to communicating.

30+ 100+
Years Experience CSR Opportunities

Q1 +
ICO Decentralised
Page 009 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

UNDERSTANDING
THE TECHNOLOGY

What is a Mesh network, Challenges of

not to be confused with the Mesh technology?
BlockMesh network?

A mesh network is a group of devices communicating and Our team include some of the forefront research and

passing information from one device to another in development professionals on the planet. BlockMesh

sequence till the intended recipient is reached. understands the complexities of the problem we are

solving. We plan to solve these with our flexible platform.

Function of BlockMesh BlockMesh and the

technology INTERNET OF THINGS

We have created an efficient Peer to Peer mesh, anony- The Internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devic-

mous, decentralised, communications Platform. es, vehicles, and other items embedded with electronics,

This information will be encrypted, end to end. Mesh software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity

networks relay data and messages using an ad-hoc system which enable these objects to collect and exchange.5

with partial mesh configuration. Data is propagated along

a path by hopping from node to node until it reaches According to research there will be nearly 20.4 billion

its destination. To ensure that all its paths are available, devices on the Internet of things by 2020. 6 BlockMesh’s

the network must allow for continuous connections and aim is to create a global platform to mesh and channel the

must reconfigure itself autonomously around broken IOT expansion, so each device would not require internet

paths, using self-healing algorithms such as Shortest Path access. Data can be channelled via the mesh to prevent

Bridging. Self-healing allows a routing-based network to latency issues and deterioration of bandwidth.

operate when a node breaks down or when a connection

becomes unreliable. As a result, the network is self-reliable.

The denser the population the more robust the mesh will 5
Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_

be. Wi-Fi routers and boosters will further strengthen the things#cite_note-Linux_Things-1

network and increase range. 6

Gartner https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3598917
Page 0010 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

This will also correct the issue of IOT devices needing to be to send messages and data if there isn’t a strong enough

within Wi-Fi ranges. Data can travel outside of the hotspot mesh network available nearby.

range via the mesh platform utilising wireless hardware

embedded in other devices until an internet connection can The app can be set to use the BlockMesh network as a

be secured. primary setting and normal cellular data as a secondary

option.

Each IOT device will receive a wallet address and earn Mesh

Tokens for supporting the offline network and be able to The user will also earn Mesh Tokens for every MB of data

pay other devices for internet access creating a profitable that passes through their mobile device while using the

sustainable shared network. app.

The BlockMesh network allows users to send data and The user can then use the earned Mesh Tokens to spend as

messages through Bluetooth instead of Wi-Fi and cell a cryptocurrency or to buy mobile data in any Mesh hotspot

towers, so, it’s essentially cost-free. However, our users can at a fraction of the price of typical cellular data.

also use the BlockMesh app with their normal cellular data
Page 0011 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

The BlockMesh Platform MeshDEV

The BlockMesh platform is a platform supporting mesh Mesh will deliver a platform where our open source code

based devices focusing on communication and the IoT. Our that will allow developers to create apps and custom solu-

platform will provide the user the ability to communicate tions on the platform to take advantage of data free data

and digitally transact in the peer to peer network, crushing transfers. There is a small fee dependant on data volume

data costs and banking fees. We aim to create a self-sus- payable in Mesh Token.

tainable financial ecosystem for communication and IoT.

MeshEX
Users and IoT devices can earn “Mesh Token” for sup-

porting the network and pay in “Mesh Token” for access MeshEX is our custom Wi-Fi routers which will support and

to conventional internet at a fraction of the cost. Users increase the network (BlockMesh mining). Users utilising

with unlimited Wi-Fi can offer their community or clients the routers in homes or in their small business will be

internet access with no passwords needed. With “mesh” rewarded for each MB support on the DATA free mesh

the internet connection can then be passed beyond the network via the hotspot created. Users can also offer

hardware range. internet connections to the mesh passing the connection

far beyond the hardware hotspot limitations. Users wanting

Our goal is to become the leaders in mesh technology conventional internet with in MeshEX range will be charged

reinvesting in the technology and creating a platform where in Mesh Token per megabyte. Converting an uncapped

any developer can take advantage of our network with our internet line from an expense to a value generation tool.

simple open source API.

Page 0012 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

MeshAD advertising

MeshAD will be a revolutionary advertising platform where Example- A shoe store in a mall can purchase MeshAD

small and large businesses can purchase packages to packages with defined criteria (Female, 30-40 Years Old,

advertise along the mesh. Most advertising packages online Clothing) then apply the amount of “Links” in the mesh to

are gender and age driven within a set location. MeshAD is be tripped. “Links” are the amount of devices the MeshAD

developed on clients’ interests and hobbies with advanced with travel increasing range. This give the retailers the

“Location Trip advertising”. opportunity to directly advertise/issue coupon to clients

within the vicinity. Increasing value for advertising and

reaching clients on your doorstep. Clients are only charged

for each received Advert.

Page 0013 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

Security

A large focus of ours is security. It is our view that the Mesh Datagram Protocol (MDP) natively supports unsigned

security of the data moving through the mesh requires clear, signed clear, and signed encrypted payloads using

industry leading encryption. This is a non-negotiable aspect the destination and origin BlockMesh Identity (SID)s as

of the technology and our business. Our understanding of keys;

efficient encryption technologies is developed, however we

will incorporate specialists that can ensure we remain at The routing protocol uses randomly generated BlockMesh

the forefront of encryption technology. Identity (SID)s, not MAC or IMSI device addresses, making it

difficult for eavesdroppers to link a person to a handset;

Our relationship with leading anti-malware providers allows

us to deliver anti malware and anti-virus leading technol- Rhizome uses a strong hash (digest) algorithm to prevent

ogies through our application. Our vision is to secure all tampering with the contents of files that it distributes;

facets of our code to ensure a robust platform to communi-

cate, transact and store value. Rhizome uses cryptographic signatures on all manifests to

prevent tampering with file meta data and identity;

The security framework developed uses the Elliptic Curve

crypto system to provide authentication and digital signing, Rhizome can encrypt its payloads (independently of MDP

data encryption and decryption, and identity management encryption);

for the Mesh network.

Rhizome allows anonymous and fully deniable authorship.

The main parts of the security framework are:

The per-device Keyring file contains encrypted secret keys

for many identities, each identity unlocked with its own

PIN (pass-phrase), and every identity deniable while not

unlocked;

Mesh Datagram Protocol (MDP) uses elliptic curve public

keys as its network address space, so once a subscriber is

known, it is trivially easy to send encrypted traffic to him/

her, and straightforward to perform key exchange for

secure sessions;
Page 0014 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

Liquidity on Bancor Coin Breakdown

Smart-tokens provide a simple and powerful building block Total Market Cap = 2 Billion

for implementing new types of monetary models, applica- Total ICO = 220 Million Tokens ($0.05)

tions and value networks such as local currencies, project

tokens, decentralized index funds and much more.

50 % Mining

25% Future Development & Mainstream Adoption

4.9% BlockMesh Founders

1% Pre ICO

5% Reward Air Drop

4.1% Service Providers

10% ICO
Page 0015 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

MINING
THE BLOCKMESH
“Mining” BlockMesh through
Proof of Network

Reward systems are an integral part of ensuring the BlockMesh network grows, it also ensures we create an environment

where all involved benefit from supporting the network. Mining rewards will be distributed over 10 years and calculated per

MB passed along the mesh.* Capped on personal usage at 1.8 GB’s per month. This is to deter close looping.

Reward Airdrop

3 times a year for 1 year. This is to reward “hodling”.

MOBILE MESH USERS HOTSPOT USERS

Users with the app on their mobile device Users with Wi-Fi routers or boosters can now

will be rewarded data sent via the app. The convert an expense to a value producing asset.

user will only need to use the app for free or Earning mesh token by providing internet to

paid communication services. Users using the the mesh and increasing the mesh range and

app for communication via the mesh will be stability. Custom Wi-Fi routers and software

charged zero data fees and still earn mesh available on the website.

token just for having the app active on their

phone supporting the network.

Page 0016 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

WHAT IS BLOCKMESH
NOW?
It is a free and open-source app for Android 2.2 “Froyo” and later, under continuous development.

The official release of the BlockMesh app will be freely available from Google Play initially as we believe the target market

we intend to saturate operates on the Android operating system.

BlockMesh allows people to make voice communication, send text messages and share files with other BlockMesh users,

without requiring infrastructure like satellites, cell phone towers, Wi-Fi hot spots, or radio repeaters.

BlockMesh can use the Wi-Fi capabilities built into Android to connect with other devices within range. This requires a

nearby Access Point, or turning on the portable HotSpot feature of one device. On some device’s BlockMesh can use Ad Hoc

mode to communicate directly with other devices within range, allowing communications to be easily relayed over multiple

hops. To do so requires root permission on the Android device.

Page 0017 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

MESH DATAGRAM
PROTOCOL (MDP)
MDP has been designed for use in a wireless mesh net- • MDP does not guarantee packet delivery or preserve

work, in which nodes may move and connections may be packet order. MDP may deliver duplicate copies of packets.

intermittent or of highly variable quality. MDP is unrelated It is up to the MDP client applications using higher level

to the Internet Protocol, although it copies some concepts protocols layered over MDP to detect duplicate and deal

such as port numbers. The main characteristics of MDP are: with lost and out-of-order packets.

• Every address, also known as a BlockMesh Identity (SID), is • MDP uses per-hop retransmission to solve the cumulative

a 256-bit public key in the Elliptic Curve crypto system used end-to-end packet loss that can plague wireless networks.

by the BlockMesh application. The Security Framework (To carry a packet over N hops, where each hop has a

describes this approach in more detail. probability P of dropping a packet due to interference or

collision, the end-to-end loss is 1-(1-P)N. For example, given

• Every node device may have one address (Device Identifi- a per-hop packet loss of 10%, a five hop route has a net

cation (SID)) or many, which it creates itself using random packet loss of 41%, and a ten hop route 75 %.) The retrans-

key generation. The large size of the key space means that mission scheme does not attempt to be perfect – it does

the probability of two devices having the same address not guarantee zero packet loss and can produce duplicate

remains negligible, even if the mesh grows to billions of packets – but it can restore a practically unusable route

devices. to highly usable, independently of the route length, at the

expense of higher latency, some packet re-ordering, and

• The payload of every MDP packet may be clear text, some duplicate packets.

signed, or encrypted and signed. (Encrypted but not signed

is not currently an option, but future advances in the NaCl • Every packet has a source and destination MDP port

crypto library may make this possible.) The encryption key number, which are completely unrelated to Internet port

is the public key (address) of the recipient, and the signing numbers. In encrypted packets, these port numbers are

key is the private key of the sender. part of the encrypted payload, which makes it harder for an

eavesdropper to guess the purpose of the packet.

• MDP is an OSI Level 3 (Network) layer, and may be carried

over any wireless or wired data link, whether over a shared

medium (eg, CSMA/CA used in Wi-Fi) or a dedicated medi-

um (eg, AX.25 packet radio, serial cable).

Page 0018 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

BLOCKMESH
MESHEX
The BlockMesh Mesh Extender is a hardware device that • Interface to Codan/Barrett HF Radios for very-long-range

helps other devices to join and participate in a BlockMesh communications links. (support for other radios is also

Mesh network. possible)

Second-Generation Mesh Extenders: • provides a standard Wi-Fi Access Point for nearby devices

(such as smart phones) that do not support Ad Hoc Wi-Fi

• Powered by external USB, 12v/24v automotive mode.

and/or solar. (with MTTP tracking charge controller)

• Offers the BlockMesh (app for Android) app for Android

• Integrated LiFEPO4/LiIon/Sealed-Lead-Acid battery charger for download via HTTP so that people can join the Mesh

network without having previously installed the app.

• Custom-designed injection-moulded housing.

• Acts as a Rhizome node, storing and forwarding files and

• Designed to meet IP66 environmental resistance. MeshMS messages

• Integrated “Mesh of Things”/“Internet of Things” I/O port • Fully interoperable with first generation Mesh Extenders

• MicroSD card for bulk storage. (reduced power

consumption versus USB)

• Wi-Fi access point (for devices to connect) and ad-hoc

Wi-Fi. (between Mesh Extenders)

• RFD900/RFD868 UHF packet radio. (up to 4km range l

ine-of-sight, ~200m indoors)

Page 0019 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

PRIMARY GOALS FOR

BLOCKMESH
BlockMesh is a young company with large aspirations.
It is our ambition to deliver the below medium goals after ICO:

01
Create a Cryptocurrency “Mesh Token” that will become the “Reward” token for users who

support the network.

02
This token will be listed on exchanges for cross platform trading.

03
Large scale deployment of network hubs to initially support network.

04
Crisis and Disaster communication redundancy for locations they are supported.
Page 0020 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

FUTURE GOALS FOR

BLOCKMESH

01
Hosting MOOC educational repositories that live on the mesh network allowing users to locally down-

load and store educational material not reliant on data costs for access to content.

02
Subscription services for hosting stores and marketplaces.

03
Debit card linked to our token and wallet.

04
Trip mesh advertising.
Page 0021 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

TOKEN
IMPLEMENTATION

Tokens will be given as a reward for launching

and supporting the BlockMesh network.

Peer to peer payments.

In app purchases.

Traded on global Cryptocurrency exchanges.

Page 0022 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

THE
TEAM

Bjorn Dingemans Jaap Griessel

Founder ICT Advisor (IBM, Computer Associates, Dimension Data)

Tyron Caithness Mike Weetman

Head of Financial Advisor (Former CFO of Yahoo and DreamWorks USA)

Dr Paul Gardner Stephen Jason Griessel

Head of Research Head of Business Development

Matthew Schulz Wesley Billet

Head of Digital Operations Head of Marketing

Anjé Hoogervorst Kevin Dunbar

Digital Analyst Head of Design

Gareth Stuurman Christopher Underwood

Android Developer Digital Analyst

Eureka Zandberg

Legal Counsel
Page 0023 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

OUR
PARTNERS

BANCOR

Mesh is proud to have partnered with Bancor, it is our belief that without

Bancor’s technology implemented into future projects the Token ecosys-

tem on DLT will not grow exponentially.

More to be announced.
Page 0024 BlockMesh White Paper 2017

OUR
ROADMAP

ROAD MAP
01 1st Quarter 2018 ICO Listing On time

02 2nd Quarter 2018 token distribution via web wallet and exchange listing

03 4th Quarter 2018 Mobile app android and iPhone- Mesh hotspot reward roll out

04 1st Quarter 2019 in app Marketplace

Currency Structure

Ethereum ERC20 token

Purchase methods accepted: BTC and ETH

By reading or taking part in our ICO you agree to our T’s & C’s. Click Here to view T’s & C’s