Unit 4 Assessment Study guide

The Unit 4 Fulton County Assessment Study Guide outlines key aspects of Georgia's government structure, including the roles of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as the lawmaking process. It details voter qualifications, types of laws, and taxation in Georgia, emphasizing the importance of individual rights and the separation of powers. Additionally, it covers juvenile justice, including definitions of delinquent and unruly acts, and sentencing options available to judges.

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Unit 4 Assessment Study guide

Uploaded by

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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Unit 4 Fulton County Assessment Study guide

Georgia’s state agencies are important because they enable the executive branch
to enforce the laws.
Presiding over the State Senate is one formal power specifically for the Lieutenant
Governor.
The four principles of the Pledge to the Georgia flag are wisdom, justice,
moderation, and courage.
The Supreme Court hears cases that challenge the enforcement of laws. This is how
the judicial branch of Georgia fulfills its duty to interpret the laws of the state.
Civil Law deals with disputes about the rights of individuals and organizations and
involves a party seeking compensation for an alleged crime. These include divorce,
property ownership, contracts, and personal injuries.
Criminal Law deals with the legal punishment of criminal offenses that harm people
or society. These include DUI, murder, robbery at gunpoint, possession of illegal
substances.
The right guaranteed by the US Constitution and State Constitution include the
Freedoms of speech, religion, press, right to bear arms, and right to a speedy, fair,
and public trial.
Separation of Powers:
Legislative- General Assembly- Makes Laws
Executive- Governor and Lt. Governor- Enforces Laws
Judicial- State Court System- Interprets Laws
The Governor is responsible for proposing an annual budget for the state of Georgia.
The Lt. Governor presides over the state senate.
Both the Governor and Lt. Governor must live in GA for at least 6 years before they
may serve in those positions.
With Separation of powers, the branches of GA state government each play
different roles I the lawmaking process, with no branch able to enact and enforce a
law without the cooperation of the others.
Know the steps in Georgia’s lawmaking process following the filing of a bill.
1) The bill is introduced to the appropriate legislative chamber
2) The bill is assigned to and considered by a standing committee
3) The bill is put up for debate and voting in the legislative chamber in which is
originated
4) The bill is sent to the non-originating legislative chamber for debate and
voting
5) The bill is sent to the governor of Georgia for approval or veto
The governor must be at least 30 years of age, a resident of GA for at least 6 years,
and a US citizen for at least 15 years.

Voter Qualifications:
1) Must be a citizen of the United States
2) Must be a legal resident of Georgia and of the county where you wish to vote
3) Must be at least 18 years of age by election day.
4) Mut not be serving a sentence for a felony conviction or be declared mentally
incompetent by a judge.
The grand jury in GA determines whether there is enough evidence to charge a
person with a crime.
Individual income taxes generate the MOST revenue for the state of Georgia.
A state court judge is elected to a four-year term, while a juvenile court judge is
appointed by the superior court judges for a four-year term.
If the Governor vetoes a bill, it can still become law if 2/3 of the members of each
house of the General Assembly vote to override a governor’s veto.
Bills must be reviewed by a committee before they are brought before the entire
House or Senate.
Both the US Constitution and the GA constitution include a bill of rights and outline
the structure of government.
Cities are created in GA through municipal charters.
You must be 21 to serve in GA’s House of Representatives and 25 to serve in GA’s
Senate.
Juveniles have the right to 1) confront and cross-examine witness, 2) be
represented by an attorney in court, and 3) receive a transcript of the trial
proceedings.
Delinquent Acts is an act that is considered a crime if it is committed by an adult.
An example is possession of drugs.
Unruly Acts (aka status offenses) is a violation of a law that only pertains to
juveniles. Examples are truancy, running away from home, being continually
disobedient to reasonable and lawful rules of parents or guardians, loitering in
public places between 12 am and 5 am.
Sentencing options to a judge in juvenile court include, 1) sentencing a defendant to
a period of probation, 2) releasing the defendant into custody of a legal guardian,
and 3) committing the defendant to the state’s Department of Juvenile Justice.
What are the following taxes:
Excise Tax- a tax placed on specific goods, such as gasoline and alcohol.
Ad Valorum- a tax placed on real estate, cars, and inventoried goods of a business
Franchise Tax- a tax placed on public utilities like electricity or telephone sevice
Sales Tax- a tax placed on the purchase of tangible property, such as food, clothes,
etc.
County governments can raise revenue in GA by 1) imposing a tax on the sale of
goods, and 2) collect ad valorum taxes on real property.