yor —! Random - Vaniables <- 2 Random oxperiment @O traflt fn experiment — which carn be performed any mumber of dimes and thé outcomes Cannot be predicted fs eatlect a random expertment ov a tail Ex. de Tessing cotn a. Rolling a die - ete > Sample = Space : @ sample space % denotel 6y S?. sek of possible outcomes of a random experiment is dalled a somple - space. ‘ : . In the toil of tesing a ets the pessible. © out comes are | hat aba!’ atl) Se the, sample Space 6= fH, 7% Oop the traf! of rolling @ dg, the possible cuteomes gre 21 3, 4) S-andé, so the sample Space gs { 2,8, 6$ 2 Bent Ary subset of a &s called 97 everrt» sample space 2° Probability of an event ® The probabity PF ay eert € fs equal 10 pe No: of favoureh te ortt cores total no of oft attcomes +42 go tofl of sng a oln, Safely TE, The Pre probability af getting = Heacl pt) = Y2- -$ Random variqble + € s is 4 sample space and R is & set of real numbers > the the mapping is, ealleel a yvandom = variable and x1 338ie ig denoted by 'X! assign a veal number 40 the in a sample Space (S)- ot int CE Tees, We 07. Sample point CP. Enter enrt'von perro) ¢ ofr) + 1d+ Bear oeCod Types of ranclor variables * eae, ee ee ee Oe seal) Gi) varione cts eet) ph idisereete random — variable! elle aera ” random variable ‘x’, thal cn take the finite eee Oey = ale mumber of discvecte values 18 call discrete, GO pevexeD = Pl) eRe + PCR) oe 2eo2 + 03 oad random vari 2 Continuous rancor variable * ¢ 5 @ random ~ variable *x', thal takes ihe value Ce eaten = 63401 entinvoudly — is "ale eonunvous ranclom very oO 66: t Heights and weights of studenis in a crass BA random ace ee at Sone eae Ge. ai P eecwen Fad ec (0 mean (Drtowe (9 Mrs DFO we x oO z 5 3 a = 6 a rondom vaviable x hes the following. protabiléty aisethiy oe eee ne eat erice ein tg ea Orne tee one eee eK a aK Os K 4 aD et aregh TREATISE! (EO Heart voriane GOP (ex en w 7 eae Sl Oi Mee hb dew wet, q ee! © LG - : potencies in ghe probability dibPaitim — fs (Given anat — tmis protabitity dikevih oncom unt Nett © @ £700 21 stn ronson il eure oe DO + kK4or a HO 4 é 5 - * a Od PKAOE 4 EHOBK = S| Da nda eda’ Go: ger ype a 2D obeursy wp Hp sare ' a) ele WB. : (R=57] = odgyt la) 4 Mea) + re wll Pleats UY © eau (u) = Eatre ‘ = poe 28 F201 + “Hlor) + Of0.2) , $1 (oa mn ts 23 ©) 42(p.9)+ 3) id anne PS EM eh ae = Plage Md) Manage el iso - (9) ae ca eee Be wa Tae xe4) = B pat PCY + PCD . Sar teat s p24) = P (uy +PLSD + PCED © 148 ata ts > 3 a5 a. pnandem worl has he eliwng Pobabilty tent ag . ind ht RIMES ty 8 8 T Fk Uissyg oak ae Eek RE Has Bie = : © Plans) se noe = et PDE | Dae Os cece ane ak HRES Chante TES | 2 Kr atk-1ed : ' | oxy wk- 8K 122 | eked AE Meant we) she : L teahablty Asoubition Ss : x of 2a 4 - oe (suo w= ExtPe tie) 6 tho HOH aI Yeo Ye Teel Se EN Py PRs, Wee bret “is wp pew EY) = Pe Pee ets) + #3) EPCS) = OF YS Hot Mette -w sot ope Mea G a discrete wandom vaswable » Heau 8 -defired dbroted by yx of C09 anid is definedl as Aya = Eup, Naniauce Ga cliscyetts andlor Vasiable : Soriawe is eumotedl by twand dined a VW or. f Ex? pm - yr : standard deviation oF a discreeté rangom Variable: staudand deviation ig denoted by wc and ts defined aS -yosilive sqrt of variance. Notet I E(x+k) = Ex) th CK IS constant) 6 Caxyc 2 a bt) RW. E (axtb) @2. aE tb Wee Ca) at yey eters Che) + Ue) + 3(*io) 4 Fhe) + 6] He) eA ed Ye) Ni ViGteb) vex) ia | di G) Narwame Gee ya \ farveme 2 Sera yt % denote. the’ no.of peaks i, Sell ogy ce t PEE eee de Cee PO) eu he “ee PC 42) = PeK=O) + PCX=D) Lat, 28 20.9125 i6* 1 “76>? PCILKE 3) = wExe2) HPOX= 3) = Bae ce = 0605 16 2 let X denote the minimum & 2 raubs that Appear whén a pair of fair. dice is: thrown once. determing @ dis ereeve WW mean UD, vaniance. Probability disinibution table Ee eee epee, pcx) "136 se Tae See Ys Uae Sxepi Faye Ge GI Le GB, Meee) be = MoRBS 2-527 a KEBVYF 1 UT 7 Probability Bolt WR)e “iy 2 4). pat Zz. i ¥ eee density function & a cev A funetion fon is said te a Probability density fanctton. ef continues, -naom variable x, satisfies the following conaitions see S$ chand. | WM $00 20 Probany gstaildity i) OF seer du = ‘2 Mean , Variance and standard deviation of cevs © _ Meau we fu box du a) variance oo ATONE he Fact Rend de aye standard dey; devin ss Inf the variable Vet Probability density furetion ef & random is given by pee O24) oeKal tr ©, otherwise @® PConex 20.2) GD Peoae« Zor), F teoae's <8 $ tord + froars fF 3 J ie + [fos ax =e] or face axt Of | Kex- Sy! KCB) = 4 Zio = OL los on. 0) Plose X Lora) = J Pex) dx eg # = 3 foe dx = & fe. atoll gOp09 ex eu) 23 fa xvdr a oy 2g 503 ad ee = OBIS 2 For the continuous Progability dig KP C* wm yeO find (DK DH Sol 9? {$0 el ce ° © u Fx) + f=) Jets a eatin et kt et a s J ax 2 Sa aul | > pete Sea | (ett ane - 26%)! =] 1E0-0-0- (0-0-2) =I 2 21 he Yo go Breau uw fate J dx 6 Or 0 Tg Jad : dx > densify functia Gi) 2 © a beter atet. get ceo = +063 - 3 : 0 @ voarioue or , Fito ae ye ‘e 2 si xt oe woy RMeldy gr eee o 84 wat “Le Se ay et 2 Prog yy3 wy Nex + Ceo ux joy seiteu] -4 a i en Siete a a ’ 3B FCx) -f for parg "% fr oes Find mee (3-2 x cy) © bere xen) Cumulative distributive Eunetion + TH is denoted : by FOO and ls is defined | ¥ Gidverne Flite z as SoPONdK ol ptxew The cumulative Tan dorn distributive variable x defined as Funewon of a cont: is denoted Fox) FOO = PCxexy = fh ta dx bs and is & 660, 0)]1 iil aTtTe lt” 0 gives the. Promabaliy Arrieta fed ° xe ou fee 7 t fou Properties of FOO? 2 & Ubt. =egs + OL Fm) 41 # ts ECO) <0 2 ogguass 3. Eco) = | Mage: fs feo ae 2 Sd Fe) a= £00 ° % ie ax : | = fo) de + So + Secor ax 5+ P(adxdb) = {ft dx Fe : - 2 = cays be Cae = Fl FG) | = FC cae ! i Horne Work? an o be : lo eb voto variable hevng— puyty Patton Hd = (¢ or fr 9 € eltard 3) @ MOD Omen Oriniayg nie a | & Given joje ie : Meee oye @ var fab foe J 2 a 0 ph Mt Sordi fo gee ° 4 489 5 = 06 By = 9 046877 nr 4 he ‘i @ poeres) = fsa ar ¥ te a variable have the density Junction : 4 ta. ae Do frnh OL pliexe2) WP lez3) 3 Fofcxt ax o 1 240 W mea &) variance : 3 - . B trien 4e9 = a x70 eo @! oso = Bl ee, . se OT) 2K» oases1 a wut a/b > J go a «Jam oer / P J 40 4x eter De ot fre ax > 2 Kyo é 2 rE) noise! ke3 7 © verey = J seo ae @ Nean= 5 ay fe (eo) | = -(o-6") | set = 0000123 Host © a fe e vamauce ce Lien > feet ak ou we wee aye om B- 3 -E)o (wy) vee } ~ ) =a oN 3, On \* 9 J = ee , TLE A mean Ovariance other whee Gi) Pleexew) TG BME” S 8 Ses be = pee Le sey a ‘ ofr art Sern Wa! (8 OEM = gery dy = cn ox Tos cee SCE) Me. einem ait oo Se Pawn poulune pippabiity 2 p+ ved kit x pe a sxameer7 wuvwle whi Yup mo. mate te ‘n' thaiils “thar deunge of XB Ot 2,8 Gy she prabeabiclity, of ying © musonbey § metts Plxew = 1%, rgr* This = pander? naman vault o Potauiy ud p> tetusond to thy ax with © parable Xs calli penomial bhovual vewuadl wll The -prcbaulecly anit Viridey 2 Olli© pinomiad — destaibw27? function — & Binornicl drogy Probability — dptubalion at Por g 60 jum a d= %, prgh® fh 420,23 -- ow Jn yinornucd —digaibedtion probaly foxy iy Bnote by 0 bOtimP 2 Plxex) Eee pt gn She mua Sarlamee ama stauulenad oluuontior 4 & yum by be P ce my o2 aT & he menm $uouinle EV ane’ xy anda OP , Wx 3) GD PCx 23) (Ww Plxe3) &!; = : : > Mm 4 nmPY= 3 mpl 4 Ad a te 1 Sm 9 aaiy oe M Px23) = "e pig’ i | Suele ees a 1 (3 (ay €8) = 09207381 | DP PCL RS Plir0) +P (ty) + P21) + P(xz3) —— | py dear sant get em owing arte thou —ptmattemeouly Banal He bility of getting atleast See 12 Given s nat0, w27, Pees ate Pla De Plas + Plea) 4 plus 9) + PERIOD © ma yyay?, er BNE 2 Ds 1B, OTs 9,54 %y* Otte potion wisn im B imity is pets of rave axrchasut § tot (5 probabity tot out $6 the untldemee of 0 guck thot the what iaifpsins, atom : nahn et london 4 ok we utile oe Sol Given sed, BR Brag agate Pexzu) = ®, fprecu) thas) + PCE) aes foe one) + & eos’ + yon or! so} Y ; IS KPoudneu) 4 6 (0+ : 610158 6 = + o SW" 4 we Lwin’ aye ‘3 ——TH the — probability 2 for the AL busty, Omen, Gi) standard see r bos ing iad F4P?- Slt Given : / net lg elie a Potten dtctuf ution ¢ A discrete randon | density function X , haveng 4 vondom yerigble x, with Para met variable | is given by En Ia; a. d | Je)= Parr) = z fon 4 43,--- a20 rmean variant and standard gestation of pessien mem et : | ea Yeas cay Woriat >. 9, | Standard devintton sD c= a7 | ae a Poisson random varfable «x iS such & BPCHD 2 Pos ay determine (a Wy pca20 i PC @ P@exesd x Bs Aw _ Aye ‘ar wa 0 a = 33 but AF3 BD ans . sone pees Sf seo AL yl pezeo) acbage = i- ee? = 0.950 Sz POLES) = peas prt PeKeDE CCH? +PCERS) z oe ets a Sst. ots? bd U, 3: = oF (14 8e$ #4) 2 o- eure PLEXES) = Plxerd t PK =3) tPEHW) + Pexes) > PT esi ita Uw a = DBF Ang number of aiciaemts on any day: in a atty 8 18 Geaine are the number of aaidents Sol Given A= FB promability that @ atleast 2 @ ot most t PC XEN = In Plz) = 18 ® Fle & wey? er = 0.9947 Pt) + C1) Po) + Eee Pex £1)A hospital switch 4 emergency calls OPC x22) aio W Perea Ho m0 SI Given Re 4 t= € @ Pex e@e @ Pla) = did ecxx3) = I- PCLE3) + Pray 1-0-4384 4 onag3 relorleo 26 ea | Cumulattle —diitmibution function : Cumnulate ve dstlntbudion function is denoted by Fea and is 10 min G POX > 3) x w " 1 Poop mO4 P+ Peay defirual “ ‘# Ww Feds Poex) = f twde Note + a . 7 2 f tends % Prop Calrea dy thought) inter vals Fingf —— q\yht wormal — distribution: A continvous randarn variane x having probability density function having, “Yet e202 i ee bar ak L where =O and ob are constants ond b>o, "3 called ermal randem variable or normal variant with parameters a 8 6 ond this ecallecl perma) distributten, distrabutien Is Note t | | . | genormal — distributien iS a tontinuovs distr] bution and its ronge iS -@ 40 0 2 The mean, verianee and * standard ‘evra tion of | normal distri bution ts Hea oe | ae |g. the probability density function’ ¢ ‘ran dsm Variable x be comes * i 1 st (Hay i) le) a Properities of Normal dlstributi'on + © Normal curve ts continuous about x— axis a The cave lymmetit abut “the mean ~ ge The = area bw -X malt and normal eave fray Ao 0. a ate The curve kth bell bape 2 do Hf 240 ban bell uve.bt Optaex en) 2 f tarde Stondarel — aovmal digte 1bubter- en areal canwtce ee mean lal) 22, & Standard — devigtnm (=I 8 alle slordarol rer maf As fri budion, Le Tp stanaard normal distributer renclamVoriable is by Ze & given 4 denoted 3. The probability density function $x 2 Sale oe er ve Gamuletive — gitribution G + 2 Rb gun by FCDp(zey = | foods oo P(adzeb)= Flb)~ Fla) Problem: Hex a normally —ditbibuted. vaviont, with menu 4 ond | =8 9 find = the — probability that 1P (uss y £ 19) Wp (493 4 26 61a) er kew % u2 643, G2 ae | 2 | eee en are | P(s43ex 2609) = OUR -0-49d ode Othe mea go ¢ eB = Plow £4 £4.73) rene -eny 2-08) ape bla ‘ = 973 PCORIL RE HI3) 2 eng 2 PUNT) - E(-0.2}) 2 0.9602 — 9-204 abtasned by (000 He suet, fey sespecbvely, adistitbutig + G Sudents expect and 6, mares ext ath ave norma lity of approgi rate un beg between in ar Assuming the find the do Obtoin Works 20 Me SH BE = Beas Plseeue go) ed 002727 ee ee = re 2 BH = 60 BUS ey ues cr 16 tie x ey he 60 wy P( 30 X €60) = zeley) Pleo & = PWS) ~ £ (+024) 2 938? 018936 2 0+ Syus stua ents abteuned maf aud 60 IS 6A © OSU4 b X10@o = sung 2 syst ge mo: § who between 0is Gg * See ® gales tax officer has veported that . weigh A Pe at the D: suppose the : On ae ta euro eyyal Wyveroge Salle <é0 butinek thed he has distributed — wrt pho velghts Ale by fo vdeal with” duving < a year = 34900. with find no. of Student = a standewl . deviotion 9 2,000 , rhcurm ing thet Vise gras gy more a | ane salt in the businex ove noxmolig. diinde Find (i) “the nog business as ~the giles ee Sel ne yo pouth , = =10 pounds - which ar€ & 40,000 Wthe yo § puninell the sale » Q which ae ney to rang bw x30 % 20K Oo ue 138, Wea 7 11) = pexelsy) = O54 — 9.2748 = 1 P(d ey) = osail | Fah Faz) = '= 0.8549 4 fdet “05 J xsa% = ome ~ 2 92- Gtely dam blow wr 6 Wok Y rg busine anes |drat the pe rants. laws kIT eighth eS bla find) bow eran FO ag vite task ee ere paene = vite Nia abe r = 009382-0/994 I a-0.)9RY.. gl O08 cg 2% sp) age R We KO, werk toy py Plee 20) = (-120) = PIO) = a Fre 10, gas oS. og * aaecl 5 ; oat ay PUR? M6) =o Ree wh Pliss £ x £130) = Plays z4 0-8) i — F(ab) =» ¥ 5 = Flob)~ FeO4) = Oo105 7 ~ Or3UUb = 0. 38i] eS ted dadenti rohore height (is bw 160 § 170 iy ae ovgeil XI00 = ice palettes tat avndon Variable paving ra rommal — dibubilior will fhe om a volute 0 aul BT @) blw bn g 2us Ui) _pas avd “0% 1D bo 10 andl a SEO eorge v4) = Flan) FIO) = #9965°— 6500 F 2 0yaee © Plse £z £243) = Fou) F(t 02) = 6999S". 94 Pago t BS gx £ 038) = FLY) ~ F-13564) a >» *_ 08682 — po 985 mean Mage B 2g.) w) 3g = I= 009946 = 0-01y (mer) ia aa : ; ole robin to binomial Normal approx’ Let x be a ‘brnomiat Andon variotle § won is Vege bree “Bieoeenis oi © ae nap in pace’ of — binpmol, (SiRtninaaa mote: . pGererally to ute ans normal Si np 2s ‘ 0 Probability ef (X=k) Ple=k) = Pls PAE X&b) = Plays KE be POxea) = (xe ayn) PLB = xe Beyeee mal approx/prattay t0 6 POI varlable Use 19" cy PU KEI2) ob yp B04, = PEE 2, {He voracm N=30 and O=0-6~ determine ¢ pcx=t) Given nz 30, PH $l ye tes) Perey) = P( BS t Mewes 5 tir BS « -168 eM = ; ee SZ. wi 2 205° i Olas mS)= pcre) = FE 205) = ose P(~ele) = j- pcx gir) : 1-0:020 Lb eotidinae’ 2 TF 90% © memooyp mode in a certain Plan) are defe e Pl 125) ni tandem thay ast defeve reWO, ps od ye MP= QO, <= Inte PC LI) Mixes) nol owe * eee eoie: Pred = pc 7) =F) = 0asly » Fu ne 7 ugly — 0-083. = 00Uu6l fel. Gin do & @ue Safe dt ro 0K fe fe : ve Lew at ¥ ’ 2 Jones Jaca ee Sect “a ® \ gh eta “—_ ge2eEL al wwe . © aa te ue 2 yee 29 equa?cre3y= je av pei 2 be se 2 gE fore) = hw onany : at fet Oe © PGALED D sw.gr** ag mean () Sedivace ; o we ahd Sit fe= os, Ke voy ° da ud wo ett © famweea: nS a Sup 2 ey -O% 1h 40 t2t FOR toe 5 e tYk 1006, = 01333: dae. tarp = anoytht Athe — 3t7 + yw = Okt D = 1G 613 0+ | 2 air PAD K SK SK aK gy Uh ois Kase #5 + Wot A HTIA= x : ' — 0S 33 sea yang = 0-023 Heo se Saif = We + Qn) x3 (1) t Here) 460910) 9 00") ky = elm 2 bly) > BHTLL ch ate pe We eo tHe remy 4 ane gully - = 19 (Fe) = (qn 229 - 1976 adicwae » vba Me Ext pre pO Deterime We Wi: = eure 64 Ir hy = bt, iN = ei aca <6 (ee 0 98 Se Op i dee a te oe Fe @ mer @ vine ws O# +0 (38) a oe) s(t )s ( Bee Wak) + al ol - Or st = 28 25 pone! = sete Viele i ooafte) tetas T° SOTA ‘evapo et 2 7H) eV cog te 2 ae = Yh > 4-99.81) ce Eee fama 7 Vbty : X fol ocXes ily #4 sertnend adem 9 00 ae ee 4, she prowabltey xO? fir ke ae tu ip gt OT HOE ae Breen fo Real BAS pene) © A a>4) ta za ee eae, = 2 5 i 4 , I Seay; , - ony x | fae fai 5 Sanna a. \ Sr Bb Be meet; : Powe eer J toode sy feo jf xj wt deed i 1 a J ; tees REM | oe 7 ig Vida +(x \ 1 gE eo. A ee a Tp dan 2%) = ae 3 14) ue i” yb + (09-0) ry ‘o » = OfOLar a‘oae oO 7 ne 6% ' ewe aad 4 joo ax | oO Freer fares 1[s 7) =i” rae) eich? a ao 4 Ke ba able \k awumid the dametr fan olectee etter vouable eft plobability — toma joule 660-048) Gully. Find meer, Ue A ob bl fiw free Spo 4 Faro oe Ep ° , 1, 2 0p fever 0 56 EOE Jo Fs ae sis t Sintial, we Ody, f Seae Jssoies goa + Jaton ae oh ok. WL , ' | . so-), Pe waa Ve Ee rae ea a 5 Blanton 4 : = 2-4 2 th ) e th). [a 5 ot ye neg o ee © pays 6 foro o- 4 aig, Joe (3 th ye eee. mele 6 Jax ~ f sean fase J ya co zg + fg avs 2 1_~ “tgntinaots auctor? et v0 @ wf a 1 =>6, bam Ps 2, elewhene we 6 dp 0, ebewhoe 4 fy Fret meow a el by gue Kt oscen : i. Ke am qe ele one t qe fi im i) if ; to) dt=4 fi feody tf nad 4 wens oro se” es ob ff cee b ° Cae cr are Jute ee Jeamae NCR Kis) 4 Keay e- KO) oa et ha au i ada 2 we = pleve®) cs oo ; au i a» oF FOF Ww cm + OID + La (ro)— 4 ¢52)) = =(@m-4) = 4 a ae 2 6166 a s . > ae eee Ge ses dpe rie ode {* a @ > 1 on gue” Gyr exer F Lore + fone a we S H jee c e xe] a Cus emer Bet wet Depo 104 ; Setouda = frtrodes fy b = Myr . ya Hient. % Ripe i "E70, byD e a ii . } : . ee Oe [eid Se Catia Je yonda he ¥ 2 r Hea = Jute de * 0+, ae iy | le Sedona des gt ew (C Ba+ os ouitag z 2, EE ° ee me) 62 fe set Je fod pon (att esePwdvioy wee Try Is diven ate 58 ee DE ita # a Fa Re Given mba meam. A = due rer ve rahe fro psy Jue Jat q= 22098 pot B50 | = oo (§-4) n=b ak I ae @ aad 2 a oe ey? @- 6 Vooiounee = fe foo dus. uy Hp of vat “fe w ae, Aa POSS Sy - ar + eerie Pe ~Claarats fatal Mma = Go (4-$) - erty ] us3y7 9.11 ye eee rg * 4 f a a = bowe wy de Be My ala) a! DBT al Bde 00160 aoe ; i + nts § Gan ene ee Pes ~ES:) nd 1,7 Om p to pees) cin B02) WO PCSEXER) a Sel He fasdy = ah wy Guin npeb, mpyer 2 fes@ de : Fasooans J Sagoo av Pepa # if se. a= Ge 4 613-9 iis rans Ke pth te QVC tas 3 blade + “OE e+ wv » 3 3 @ PHO d sf Rendrt (tarde e | Fo a, jee J Fe je Mee BAM = ay aja ye = oneal O (SE XEN = pele Hxze)4 RHEa) . Ee. hy: =e] Bd Lge © tieohae nana 4] 0 is. he 69) )- » spare ae cimultdoutinty Fad? POW . = ) BOH= 667. >a ae = hes= ipl neve, 0ees 1k rence) = ce @iG" = 01050, KC H%6)) = PO + PC?) +elo + PCH) «Pads we = 0-376 76“epcHxe) Hee, - on gsey +00” pe 08283 c a4 ) dium nelty poet Pune 7/6) = Placer a=) pecan he, OM xesde Meg = 01070 ¢ tT! a é : & eee nen 4 aut beds stints att goed : CS a Na 4 Fouper = «Aero ppse) ane @ Pet) auleny i ing tne hobobll wey giul deramine (0 Pix Fe 2038 mg i" oo 38 ay oper 1 9°% + familées pith 6 chilelum each bow eae “Cee io te hacks Atay 0D ois 9(4eR)2 a ot)" Yo) 2 t-0810 eblad > Lay yy ri ten a a mo olf! tun ne a ee Hata © PUBS fey Ihe = o.a3e2 > a Pee: eH) 49 e+ A x=12) APO) + Vers) » one a #MEID 4916) ePOHMIY PeZI8) @ POH) = S% cEyP 2 oan 2 Mafra = 0091 R= 18) = 0-00 POES/y) = p(xe3) +PCxey) = Orsi2b +O-3HB = %. Mog family nung 34% Boys os 50% Ba Wi) attaye 2 boys = P2204 PGzD4 9 b¥=2) a i ; ME) = %e Bitns & wlyra é ww pexe®) = 1-728) Ate oa sy = @ 024 wp ve th favmiliey hawrng alent > boys F The probapility “Fat 0 man hitting aturgur i 4 EF SA & tyme, detoymine te probabiltes jag he ited PB PLESY Gin, Plu=1) wPCe>2) a] nob, pe tig § Pivts)= 0 Stole 00/3 = 0.987 ime nD=: fc; by'x) an, as bree = I~ P0122) ~ ola W) Creodtly 6 gay . ‘OND.wan 3 xis 0 Po i) por) fina (> pero) 0? 7500263 prarW) = 1- een) (Plo) + PC 4 Pear Pea) + POO) 1— (Het353 + O° 7218 40-0902). 2 0005 26 S 2 a poisson random variable x is such that eet determine Gd Gi) PCXEID. (iD PERk3) WD PEEKS MID PE ys) = ihoy ed) A Bl Per =e gt i 2 otsoy MPLS) Zi . . ST ; s Px. pig PF f So 2 niBet'= oar eeet = 004 be Wy H xis a potsan variate suchthat ap(xsv)=4_Plx=2) + LH eee! se i) P¢xainy MAR ee pce = iePRe) = J-P@=0) =I ew i) Rexe4) it) prey ead 1) PCa a PCH EB) = PLA2O)+ PCASD+ PKR=2)E PO 3) Pury 2g? ee ¥ per Sollee Se at A © Cant ghee sot at FO aay : 4 OCH E KES) = PCXEDE POAT) FPE=Ks POD = ct tdews 4 ear 4. /e Gat at it tal = 0689350gel Given p= 0-003, A= 0.994 pees) = ee Aga 5 = 10025 (0100897 Gorge = Ovlooser pO = e a 2 DORTL “2 001388 £ ay 3t Wee at uy) = xo! aPC eI VADLIED). 47123) FPL) Mra w= 6 - es! solute oroueb+ OST So aaa wo 398 Perce) p00uil+ © F O-O0OlUS 4 OYA 0+ 22415" + 0-224 3 = 05976 we Fete sae ee @ poduy! poco a pees)+ pore) = DISK 40M et on 608 = Ouse FTF ine 5% fe bulbs made by @ cortjouy ane cith what ont tu promabmliv trar ina Wt § 0 rveumdornly/ 3. Find the probabiiien thal a nawiom va andard vonmmal rantorn Sbibation will ake OF ‘paneer oud 7 @ bebuter: 22 oud 19, HUE ay 0 GO between p10 aul 35 cme @erndy one @) atead WD FD) am se " 1 Gaon mcoseeed = OT eco QE m= 0, pe0O ge 995. - ae ee ee h ” Feous) - FI CHD =e pha BA 1 y05)'0.95) - 031 eo pemgce oH = OAD = Btn) PC x42) i = g.gn2S- 0-988 = IPE = 1 (pO ype) : ae es a oe (iiP p(435£ eS 08D = pass) FES C%e.(006)"¢0.25)-4+ 00 311) heer F MOBY 6,962) ta ae Bn © 9(yr0 ex wile Flte39) - Feb) PCxo) Bled 4 PCV=2) 4 Pew a) 204s — 00440 (29D + C0311 € O08 + O41 305 F = 0s beg uf “= 0 18 iwa be Fird te piomst ten A ie outa VSO appibgin wil OH Bat BD) gusta tant vib go ga oe Sey DeLnsoI= F160) a (0 veges HO? tals! verre Pree” 2 ye cane ost @ pass 1- pans) ove! 209577 5 Fira toe probebidts tata n0Uey = ie 0 Bw ~taua 7 p blu 2G 2 Gi blo 3 ye Ss peacecpe F2 FY > 0 sug = 09583 = 00876 Peréxer = Had) = gATIL- b0Le f 20:49 P(-s2x83)> As) FC3) = paggi~ 010013 Yo 2 OTP Herstes) Grey uso i) ae f oe ue Ze tek nova! césthal Given e Buch Ist) baits nagrah dibtin, “itl 12 66 cdebiming p (39¢% 646) WV D(a 61, pOSETEW) = 6G.) - Fl0.13) 2 9332-01739 2 61S GS (id per S16) y= er ae OP tie yu, ne p(osk we = N- eos) = otyld - 9305 £0530 a xt a nonmal vonnli with mean gio w%, uses wpe £ f° ee ee We ae wR oe C < rf Wosta£y= E(2)- FeO) oan — eorlt 0676 Ze 1S = 3 $ © xe: ” 22) © i Plage) = 1 09987 = 0.0013 Wert a aye2e RIE Ee =| 07? (aoe. Ae 3 16 (2630) place ene FaD- FD = 0nn643—0r108 1 = 0.7096 WP ASE KE 40) @) Px24SD (ID PC be 3055) a iva eS 40 § SD-¥ find 230 onethe collectran called & Population. ’ A: populetteon ger om firtte a: tafe te bo the number of Objects ne eeu €xt the number Oh ncopdeuderts™ wy fin ite Population. a the goods prepared considerd. as: infintt@ _ poplution - Sample: : A A ‘a Any Subset of a po'pulatio can be gample Gx; Students in Students m oa Population Sizes The number of observatiens called population size and Purple Sire 7 rae the number of elements ina somple ~ ag kqmple size@ an i& denoted Sy Dn Types of Sampling + : ‘there ave’ foun types , Seumplings t Purposive sampl’ng 7 2 Ranolerm Samp Linge cor Sipe Samning ya ne Staipiedd cpovonel 29 ZGer ess: im i Rieeamre. o = ae, enance of bern element af it hot included in Ib preoriticalls Oy aay ie ely oo ' ta WY ee y the ‘elo number of samples _ £ erulstion cen p-then with replae yes Casification of Sarrples? Samples” ae ctesseqredl" two we 4. da19e sample (230) te Smal sample (n230) witha — replacements memobey of the population + then the sample py we enosen called sampling with oud replace ment —-theor Eales sarnpleng from Finite population. sompies G Sze ” fue wtthout replacement = more thon ence fepulation Mean: The populatim mean yepresents a randori meam of population ib defined an” replacement con be con ts denoted by wif x, % comple § Poputin Sixx M- foe 2, Ppwsartion Vawieume ¢ Ig denoted by Soro & $203, é i @ es them fo-b " - Sam pling distribution of a mean With. & Kno taken frem a fot % te mean of sample of size on ang Pere Se ee ae mean yy ana Standard devigatian g- then» . the-.rana, Variobie 2 is defined as bol Given z= Fou “92 6H Fe erg el x = a ; of Me Sky z oe 68 The Probabiit NU by destri by ‘ varic ibutign corres peneuin uy fable z & talleg pponaes ome ) PC er Sna) = Ie PCR LSU z-distri bubion = 5 Sampling ck: = B16. Kser) bution 2a ies °F meam — with = unkno! a aa or roi 2 010 F fae: Wee, @ Plsos KF 459) le eotval tare 1mm qe oe) us Bee = ee \s = oo a tn Ce. MCh cases we use sampla Standard deviation $ in pg * ai ce populate Stancand i deviation o- + So that we mh 3S J Me 7 -o + 2s Rote = BE. 9 seephe vourve given: eit 4 evenly : & carve S. ts 2 The « Ss er Vay x a caine & BPC Re 59:8) > a ed | EeS06 t= Beh 2” S06~ SI shape te ES oe So 2 REM is S06 Shey dnc B a O98 ye The A062 ae a new 7 ‘ ge notation © pC ze e0qul) = Fl-o-94t) = 0136: ie bs ty is the value of + -diseributton such + * th ¢vdistr"bu ren : er the r \ tf a one golly cam ¢ pout cath aan ine een one a ‘ wright ts equal 4 S13 fh wih a ald cuviation BIS Sg fle, wshot Probability toot = meom — aren eatntd by sample GM how ge Callen (yo BL amy WALL dry F]0 ©. Ht Gun we 5138 end TH3T . BY op. a Goa X eso) =? oe a The ty values for various values g a ae given mthe table called {- table- Oy mmmulay Ge cave, Problem: Xe M= 510 2 G9-613 gus © 8 bOD we hove ty = al "2 519 47 00-513 - 140 3S Banta 2 ro find ty Value fer the following Ke = Flry) ~ Flos) ra Ay oS 7 be Pa den Oe 05 dy = 3 ke 2 ee 2 Ny he 00” Py he 0-4 ee » = 0.9;9F - 0-2743uve 4 wt ~ such that the fs te tne standard me carve curve the O00 Uft sre | f= neues Boa autribuiien sith parameter Pent oe = cer tn The wymrmety J 2 continvous , a vera om veriape avila Sun tb Gwen by ' pe ju) = —————_ #4 e@ an i ar ; — is éaued. he 4) _nandgga “Wane anew as degress 4 treed Meeeinner the z cuat! bw -*y>S zy fer a we a the probabiteey Sabribut ia i etbded £8 Properties + : aa yOhe curve given bby" the, probobittty density junction ‘ke calleol Yo tasve 2 2 curve Wes tn fret quamant 8 te lk Wot fimo thread pbout any axG and hal the | (NCEA aise 4 Tt depends mee ing a onal ree bluse axis md ot sil PEK) — ee tless jem 5 oO Rtner tne cate RM cohen “Pei => 22752-< sont wil Seeos 507 8 gyno when 98 7 (tam warn “416 Se a © oo ye On : a , x F duinen ee Dini ey varrable having Pro bebi'bity 4 aa: ; ie aa, oe mthion 09 stein Be (ore we 2 Frog Tablet 2 fo) = (az) a ne tnig iable me wotues Toa seh (R) A (By ie (Pays aa cratlekie foe aiffewm valu @ 0) and tay fs called pander Fosor Table oo Variable yorth — pararnetes degrees. f treeclom, The Probe bitty distri bution \ ye, celled F distrib ‘In this 4able the values of Feet avialabic for different yatues & 9 2 known las ana Y. Note? ie ee For symmetry £79 a= ve ae Fg Ce A) S calleg a SECU the, probability de, 1 aga by denseiy functs P The F curve. Wes in 2 Os ig / @ Fr 9210, %=6 ond x= vos ThtS pot E - symmetric ang. has th lo ox (1016) = 406 S lenieg shapes ce, Se DI depends om values 5 = Be Fong (6110) = #22 a a Js faa 213, &=0:01 1322 setg (FSO) =1 Le, the 4 O 9.2% S13 eo >b O b ' metry -ae tetimat a estimating | & Teoria arom i called astination . Zt is two | Point estirn ation ft intreval estimation. Foag with Siz, ae O05 Fong) Bos a population parameter tn ber ee i ; i . etl oy = ee LT mumerreal value is enjled point s Co anireval estimation « pie tag (isda 17! estimating 4 populaion porameter in is called intreval estimation. Hosimumerror> & an estimation fol lage sarples (nz30) oY a knot - o7e ee e- a 2 wy oF 4 6) ne to “(2 Cer e € of an Giimaton; wet Minimum ror fr gmoll sarnples (n630) ork © unknoleD {ay & tg 4 ° 8a az pty sy =] wl spice: (= a)ioo uw “taleol amis we can calodade initrvals 3the = mai? “a pepelat? intreval confidence = (899°43, 156 4057 & size wo, carple 008 Loy, oe @np30) = h6yd on 7 MN wo x = 01829 Meam ard stondessl deviation & sompie gixatn=60)2°° NI96 and 14054 resp. Find 95%. cnpiar— 4 mean. rah en 798, ete T= lyose pd = 961 ae a= 007 toy o re (ee += on Zap A Wenz bn 4 0 Se Dy labo vad (64 418% S4t Naps2 € 42 S210, ; 4 eGOU 2 404g fai (z-& (Ret) ' % ‘ae = Deg 10 Stuy 69° O089 p Yeh8 Fy oBl wB = (tuo.sest , (ys 6144) = Sad q athe dean of & eolege wane to 4o astimate a random —samele “ume — seottents 40K6 wert and ha an 4 confidence — tak the 025 minute, Af it 00" se a nyo minuber + thterval (XE , R4E) ae fae = 8-588, bey SBI (tree, 13-877 od 3 6 ir : 7 independent measure ments of Hlah point fee a ioe _ give the values waar ret Mabe 2) 19H Assumiy taal be GO wi: Civem Pormal ity, determine “a ea eondifien interval rg" i 0 € ie ee BE gattgyt 71 NY 4 1G ae a2 (a tase)“ (uTeIyy 89>po thesis + + one tailed alternativé ss (4 tailed atta native mypornesis fy 7 sting of "Hf a » Two aa Mons ; Hypothesis joes Of Gms 1 testing of hypothesis: A definite statement about & "tid F 4 Grort hy pothesis 2 vaniom a oe a null pypothe: en it 18 Parameter & called — MyPe 1 Proms Reet 79 pypo thesis whi , . commiting type £ Bi: the average weight of students 65 Pate the probability 2 se alse called 08 bevel Of Giyni feat denoted by G (Ho rejectect) 7 Type 2 Grovt , a MH sing a null hypo thesis he it is tals nee anor i denoted B the probabil, o type + (Hp accepted). a ues . Ome avg tackuP time of opHP is atleast &nxs 38 @ mE avg droremission lott’ dt power station & Qtmost 200 rwPh (Ht L200) Tasting of hypothesic? | arifing the validly of hype thesis fie, wether th | «SIVEA Statement about 0 parameter 5 oneccptay, ernety 18 non as testing of hy pd the: Types of pypothesis: | There are two types of hypothesis i(He) mull ny is q hypothesis of uy diftereme | Siote uses © use ug 100 Aner native hyeotnest (i) 4 The complementary F Eeteaeo+ cbr cho nest called alter native byptresia- wae hare thes a SO uzger wLe 6 M 3100 There ave R i two tyres of aiternative hypathe zx