Number Sense and Operations Unit 1: Number Sense and Operations ‘You are surrounded by numbers. Whether paying bills, negotiating a car loan, budgeting for rent or groceries, depositing a check, or withdrawing money, you use basic math skills such as addition, subtraction, ‘multiplication, and division to perform a variety of everyday tasks. Tn the same way, number sense and operations play an important part on the GED® Mathematical Reasoning test. In Unit 1, you will study whole numbers, operations, integers, fractions, ratios and proportions, decimals, and percent, all of which will help you prepare for the GED® Mathematical Reasoning test. Table of Contents LESSON PAGES 4: Whole Numbers 23 2: Operations 45 High Impact Lesson: Factors and Multiples 6-9 3: Integers 10-1 4: Fractions 1243 5: Ratios and Proportions M415 High Impact Lesson: Unit Rates 16-19 6; Decimals 20-21 High Impact Lesson: Fractions, Decimals, and Absolute Value 22-25 7: Percent 26-27 High Impact Lesson: Percent 28-31 Unit 4 Review 32-39 Number Sense and Operations at Work 40-43 TTWhole Numbers een |= LESSON ———T lie rh coment Torcs:a14 a2 eG Learn the Skill ATHORACTICES HPT MPSB MPL a P25 MP2 are written with the digits 0 through 9. The value of a digit in a whole number depends cn its place. The value of a whole number is the sum of the values ofits digits. When you write a whole number, place commas every three digits counting from the right. Write @ whole number in words just ike you read it (for example, two hundred twelve would be written numerically as 212). To compare and order whole numbers, compare digits that have the same place value. In some problems, you may need to round whole numbers to a certain place value. e Practice the Skill - To successfully solve problems on the GED® Mathematical Reasoning test, you must understand place value, how to read and write whole numbers, how to compare and order whole numbers, and how to round whole numbers. Study the example and strategies below. Then answer the question that follows. TLE) Oe >| Millions, | Thousand Units cgaizing Itinlabeled rome 2 3 and column, Most tbls, 3 3 3 seins a am rsa 8 . g 7 information from left to right Zlelslz g 8/E)2/3 ‘and from top to bottom, 2/8|s/2/8/sl2/s/5& ‘The value ofa whole number is agit. For example. the value ofthe is actualy 40,000 because itis in the 4 10,000 = 40,000 ‘tan thousands place. 431,000 3,000 +0 * 100 000 Whon you compare whele : © imors tn rambor th ssn ides £0 ‘the most digits is greater. t2x4 Iftwo numbers have the 43,062 ‘same number of its, ‘compare the digits from = 7 lee not Undestnding 48,082 > 43.081 these symbots wlan comparing whole numbers: Use @ hyphen to write two-word numbers from 21 (twenty-one) to 99 ‘= means is equal to (ninety-nine). Numbers higher than 99 are not written with @ hyphen. Do > means is greater than a Tisaha bat then not use the word “and” in whole numbers. The number 43,062 is read anc written in words as forty-three thousand, sixty-two. When rounded to the hundreds place, 43,062 is 43,100. ‘$56,832 rounded to the thousands place’ Circle the digit youwant to i round. the digit to the right! A. $56,000 i of the circled digit is 5 or more, B. $56,800 : add 1 to the circled digit. All C. $56,900 : other digite to the right become D. $57,000 i zero. |Fitisless than 5, donot : change the circled digit. j 2 Lesson 1 | Whole Numbers© “voy the skin DIRECTIONS; Read each question, and choose the best answer. 2. Meredith wrote a check for $182 to pay a bill. How Unit 4 is 182 written in words? ‘A. one hundred eight-two B. one hundred eighty-two C. one hundred and eighteen-two D. one-hundred eighty and two Mr. Murphy rounds his students’ test scores to the tens place. Jonathan's test score is 86. What is his test score rounded to the tens place? A. 80 B. 86 c.90 D. 100 Each book in a historical library is given a number. ‘The books are arranged on shelves according to thelr numbers. The range of numbers for shelves | through L is shown below. Shelf | 1397-1420 Shelf J 1421-1499 Shelf K 1500-1622 Shelf L 1623-1708 ‘On which shelf would you find @ book numbered 1984? A. Shelf | B. Shelf J ©. Shelf K D. Shelf L Michael swam 2,450 yards on Monday, 2,700 yards on Tuesday, and 2,250 yards on Wednesday. What is the order of his daily swim yardage from least to greatest? A. 2,450; 2,700; 2,250 B. 2,260; 2,700; 2,450 ©. 2,250; 2,450; 2,700 D. 2,700; 2,450; 2,250 Michael swam an additional 2,500 yards on Thursday. Place his swim yardages in order by day from greatest to least. ‘A. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday B. Tuesday, Thursday, Monday, Wednesday ©. Wednesday, Monday, Thursday, Tuesday D. Tuesday, Thursday, Wednesday, Monday Number Sense and Operations 7. Aprofessional cyclist bicycled 22,755 miles in 2005; 20,564 miles in 2006; and 23,804 miles in 2007, Ifthe three years are listed in order of the miles bicycled, from least to greatest, how would the years be listed? ‘A, 2006, 2005, 2007 B. 2006, 2007, 2005 ©. 2005, 2007, 2006 D. 2007, 2005, 2006 DIRECTIONS: Study the information and table, read each question, and choose the best answer, The table below shows a sporting goods store's monthly sales for the first six months of the year. $155,987 $150,403, $139,605 $144,209, $149,355 $148,260 8. Based on the table, in which month did the store have its highest sales? A. January 8. February C. March D. May 9. Inwhich month might the store want to run a special promotion to increase sales? A. March B. Apri c. May D. June 10. Based on the table, what sales trend can you determine? ‘A. People purchased the most sporting goods equipment during early spring. B. Sales were at their highest in winter months. C. Monthly sales remained the same from January through June. D. People purchased more sporting goods as. ‘summer approached.| Operations = LESSON ——peratons CY aie ATW CONTENT Topics. 18, a28.028,078 ATH PRACTICES MO MPH P25 MPS MPa, PSc Q Learn the skin The four basic math operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Add quantities to find a sum, or total, Subtract to find the difference between two quantities. Multiply quantities to find a when you need to add a number many times. Divide when separating @ quantity into equal groups. The isthe initial quantity. The divisor is the number by which you divide. The quotient is the answer. ‘are numbers that can be multiplied together to get another number. Factors of a whole number refer to other whole numbers that divide into the original whole number with no remainder. e Practice the Skil To successfully solve problems on the GED® Mathematical Reasoning test, you must determine the correct operation(s) to perform and the proper order in which to perform them. Study the examples and strategies below. Then answer the question that follows. Ta H ‘To add, align digits by place ‘Multiply the ones digit of | O eeicttetmossineacn ——> © ° © Retake ante ya i alu, woking om oto Adition Multiplication the dig inthe top number. : ‘um ofa column ; ‘Aign each rout or partial i clits ie greeter than 9, regroup 482 Yeo broduet under the digit by : to the naxt column on the lf sme «34 hein ee i 60 Ta jovenuapad apne | @ Tesibtract, aon digits by {op number by al the ats in : place velue. Subtract the the boom number, ada the i umber in each clu paral products. i ‘working from right ole — pe i ‘When a cigt inthe Bttom : numberis greater than the cigt > o+« oO S17 RI2 i Inthe top number, regroup. Division nae pcb : Si7 R12 oe i 147250, eee i 0 f 25 tax7= 96 i ; 4, 2 : | fo : 98 : 2 . Shirley has $1,256 in her bank account. She withdraws $340, How much money is left in her bank account? Computer-based tests require mousing, clicking, and A. $816 keyboarding skill. Fill-in tems: B. $916 require placing the cursor in C. $926 ‘the answer box. clicking to D. $996 activate, and then typing in ‘the answer. 4 Lesson 2 | Operations