EXTERNAL UPDATE #100

SUDAN SITUATION
2 – 8 February 2025

An Ethiopian family that fled the Tigray region years ago and settled in Khartoum State was forced to move again due to the ongoing
conflict in Sudan. They arrived in Gedaref State and registered at the UNHCR-Commission of Refugees desk in Tunaydbah refugee
camp. © UNHCR/Althea Gonzales

Highlights
▪ Humanitarian operations in Sudan continue to face significant challenges due to ongoing conflict.
Fighting persists across multiple states, including Khartoum, Al Jazirah, Kordofan, White Nile,
Darfur, and Sennar, with recent military offensives and displacement further straining
humanitarian efforts. In North Darfur, heavy artillery attacks on Zamzam IDP camp killed dozens
and forced thousands to flee. In East and South Darfur, authorities have suspended most
humanitarian activities except for life-saving health and water services. Inter-tribal clashes in East
Darfur have displaced over 400 households, and growing reports of targeted abductions in Adila,
Abu Karinka, and Nyala towns in South Darfur are raising serious protection concerns.
▪ The discovery of mass graves in eastern Libya, linked to human trafficking operations, highlights
the extreme dangers faced by refugees and migrants along desert routes, where they are
subjected to violence, exploitation, and abuse.
▪ UNHCR and WFP have warned of an impending shortage of emergency aid for the increasing
number of Sudanese refugees in the Central African Republic (CAR). A recent press release calls
for urgent support to sustain access to basic services and livelihood opportunities. Funding
shortfalls are already affecting critical sectors such as WASH, with water access in Korsi falling
well below international standards due to halted infrastructure projects.

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 ▪ Refugees in Chad and Egypt are finding new opportunities to use their skills and build their futures.
In Egypt, two refugees from Sudan and South Sudan recently travelled to Italy to work in the
shipbuilding sector through the “Labor Corridors for Refugees” programme, which helps match
refugee skills with job opportunities. In Chad, refugee doctors are going through certification
processes to be able to work in the local healthcare system. These efforts show how recognizing
skills and creating job opportunities can help refugees support themselves while also filling
important labour gaps in their host and destination countries.

Situation and Operational Response

SUDAN
Highlights
▪ The conflict continues in Khartoum, Al Jazirah, Kordofan, White Nile, Darfur, and Sennar States.
The situation remains fluid, with ongoing military offensives, heightened security concerns, and
continued displacement impacting humanitarian operations. In East and South Darfur, authorities
have suspended humanitarian activities except for life-saving health and water services after
issuing new registration directives to I/NGOs. In North Darfur, the Zamzam IDP camp came under
heavy artillery fire, killing dozens of displaced people and forcing thousands to flee.
▪ UNHCR and the Commission of Refugees (COR) have recently monitored over 200 Ethiopian
refugees who have either spontaneously returned or expressed intent to return to Ethiopia. The
movements are believed to be linked to announcements by the Tigray and Federal Ethiopian
authorities to pay outstanding salaries and pensions to those whose payments were disrupted due
to the Tigray conflict, and the financial pressures faced by refugees in Sudan. Last week, COR,
UNHCR, and community leaders held a sensitization meeting with refugees in Tunaydbah who
expressed interest in returning. While UNHCR maintains a non-return advisory and does not
promote returns, it continues to provide counseling and information to help refugees make
informed decisions.
▪ The UNHCR team in Wadi Halfa, Northern State, continues to monitor the movement of Sudanese
returning from Egypt via the Eshkeet border point. Last week, over 7,280 Sudanese, including 79

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 deportees, crossed into Sudan. This period saw a slight increase in returns compared to the
previous week, driven primarily by economic challenges in Egypt.

Population Movements and Registration

During the reporting period, UNHCR and the Commission of Refugees (COR) received 32 new arrivals
from Ethiopia in Blue Nile State. Over 1,450 Eritrean, South Sudanese, and Ethiopian refugees and
asylum-seekers were registered in Kassala, Khartoum, Blue Nile, and Red Sea States in the last week.
Additionally, more than 690 refugees in Gedaref, Kassala, Khartoum, and Red Sea States received identity
documents, including photo slips and ID cards.

River Nile State continues to experience ongoing population movements in multiple directions: Newly
arriving IDPs from Khartoum and Al Jazirah are moving primarily into Shendi and Al Matama. IDPs from
the River Nile are continuing their onward movement into the Northern State, with some potentially heading
further north into Egypt. Organized and spontaneous return movements from the River Nile to Al Jazirah
(Wad Madani), Sennar (Sinja), and Khartoum (Bahri) are ongoing.

The Humanitarian Aid Commission (HAC) reported that the Ministry of Social Affairs (MoSA) facilitated the
voluntary return of 150 IDP households (730 individuals) from River Nile State to Bahri in Khartoum State
last week. Similarly, local authorities in Atbara organized transport for 200 households (1,023 individuals)
returning to Wad Madani, Al Jazirah State. MoSA social workers report that a significant number of IDPs
have registered for assistance to return to their places of origin but remain unable to do so due to the loss
of assets during displacement. Additionally, there are reports of IDP returns from Northern State, facilitated
by HAC and local authorities.

According to community networks in North Darfur State, 170 families from Mellit arrived in Al Malha locality,
while around 350 families from El Fasher and Zamzam IDP camps crossed into Chad. Over 150 families
from Zamzam camp moved to Abu Zeriga locality due to targeted attacks. Additionally, an estimated 8,000
households from Saloma village fled to Zamzam IDP camp and El Fasher.

South Darfur community networks reported that 1,460 households from North Darfur arrived in East Jebal
Marra locality, dispersing across multiple villages. Meanwhile, South Sudanese refugees in El Fasher are
returning home due to ongoing fighting, with many having already left for South Sudan.

Protection
The multi-purpose community centre (MPCC) in Alakad locality, River Nile State, hosted a variety of
activities for the local community. A three-day food product bazaar, organized by 20 women from IDP and
host communities, showcased products from those trained in food production at the centre. One
participant, a 35-year-old displaced woman from Al Jazirah, shared that she has started selling baked
goods to support her household. Additionally, an open-day event featured football and gymnastics for
around 200 children.

In Northern State, UNHCR conducted focus group discussions with IDPs in Wadi Halfa, where participants
raised concerns about child labour, limited access to education, domestic violence, overcrowding, and
inadequate WASH, health, and food services. Many IDPs expressed a desire to return to their areas of
origin in Darfur, Khartoum, and Al Jazirah States but cited a lack of livelihood support as a major barrier.
While many have skills, they lack the resources to start businesses. UNHCR will collaborate with its
partners to address these issues and share findings with relevant stakeholders.

Community-based protection monitoring continues to report ongoing insecurity across Darfur State, with
armed groups committing violence, theft, assaults, and looting of infrastructure. In El Tartar-Tadamon
locality, South Kordofan State, land disputes over refugee settlements persist due to weak governance. In
East Darfur State, inter-tribal clashes between the Miseiria and Birgit groups have displaced over 400
households. Additionally, there are reports of increased abductions of youth in Adila, Abu Karinka, and
Nyala town in South Darfur.

Last week, UNHCR participated in an inter-cluster rapid needs assessment mission for newly arrived IDPs
in Shendi locality, River Nile State. Most IDPs arrived from Sharq El Nile, Khartoum, and Al Jazirah States.
The mission team assessed nine IDP sites sheltering 4,070 households, where most displaced people are
women and children. Many reported protection violations, including killings, harassment, and looting during

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their flight. Initial findings highlighted urgent needs for shelter, WASH, hygiene kits, health services, and
livelihood opportunities.

UNHCR’s partner conducted psychosocial (PSS) activities at the Zalingei MPCC in Central Darfur State,
reaching over 100 IDPs and host communities, and organized recreational sports for 270 participants.
UNHCR’s partners equipped the MPCC in El Mirriam locality, West Kordofan State, and the new MPCC
in El Neem IDP camp, East Darfur State, with furniture. Additionally, UNHCR’s partner and the State
Ministry of Social Development established a Center Management Committee for the El Neem MPCC in
East Darfur State, consisting of 12 members with equal gender representation.

In Gedaref State, UNHCR and COR maintained litigation desks and conducted protection assessments
for nine individuals in the Um Rakuba refugee camp.

Legal Protection
During the reporting week, UNHCR’s partner provided legal awareness sessions and counseling to 95
refugees in Blue Nile and Northern States, informing them about laws and regulations applicable to
displaced people.

Gender-based violence (GBV) prevention and response

UNHCR’s partner identified nine GBV cases in East and South Darfur States, all of whom received
psychosocial support and medical assistance. Additionally, the partner conducted a community awareness
session in El Neem IDP camp, East Darfur State, aimed at addressing and preventing GBV, exploitation,
and abuse against children.

Child Protection
In White Nile State, UNHCR and its partner identified 15 at-risk refugee children and provided them with
healthcare, psychosocial support, nutrition, food, and shelter based on best-interest assessments.

Education
In Gedaref State, UNHCR supported the State Ministry of Education in printing exam materials for the
entire state, enabling the administration of primary and intermediate-level examinations for nearly 57,000
students, including 234 refugee children in Um Gargour camp.

Health and Nutrition

During the reporting week, over 7,000 outpatient consultations were conducted at primary healthcare
facilities in refugee camps in White Nile and Blue Nile States. Additionally, 63 mental health and
psychosocial support (MHPSS) consultations took place in Khor Alwarel and Al Jameya refugee camps,
comprising 32 new cases and 31 follow-ups. UNHCR’s partners also conducted 150 psycho-education
group sessions, reaching over 4,650 refugees across these camps.

Shelter and Core Relief Items (CRIs)

During the reporting week, UNHCR provided capacity-building training to its shelter/NFI partner on the
critical use of the Global Distribution Tool (GDT) in assistance distribution. The training focused on
enhancing transparency and accountability, improving beneficiary registration accuracy, and reducing
errors and duplication in distribution tracking.

In Central Darfur State, UNHCR’s partner distributed 1,500 plastic sheets to 750 vulnerable IDP and host
households in Rokero, North Jebel Marra locality.

In Gedaref State, UNHCR’s partner distributed NFI kits—including plastic sheets, blankets, sleeping mats,
kitchen sets, solar lamps, jerrycans, and mosquito nets—to 118 refugee households, as well as emergency
shelter kits to 115 refugee households across all four camps.

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (CAR)

Highlights
▪ The humanitarian response continues to be affected by funding shortfalls, particularly in critical
sectors such as WASH and health services. The halt in the construction of water facilities due to

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 funding constraints has significantly reduced water access for refugees in Korsi, with current
supplies far below international standards. Additionally, increasing refugee arrivals, driven by
intensified conflict in Sudan, are adding pressure on already overstretched services. Urgent
funding is needed to sustain life-saving assistance and ensure adequate access to water,
sanitation, and healthcare for the growing refugee population.

Population Movement and Registration

During the reporting week, 1,505 new Sudanese refugees (500 households) arrived in Birao, located in
the Vakaga prefecture. This is an increase from 819 arrivals in the last week of January and more than
five times the average weekly arrivals recorded in December 2024. The sharp rise in numbers is primarily
driven by intensified airstrikes in Nyala, Darfur, from where most of the refugees originate. Additionally,
improved road conditions and transportation options along the border have emerged due to the onset of
the dry season. However, refugees continue to face significant challenges as they flee Sudan; non-state
armed groups are blocking key routes, forcing them to take longer and more dangerous paths to reach
CAR.

UNHCR and its partner, the National Commission for Refugees (CNR), conducted biometric registration
for 1,017 individuals (348 households) in Korsi during the reporting week. Among those registered, 159
individuals with specific needs were identified, which include unaccompanied and separated children,
women at risk, elderly individuals, people with disabilities, individuals with serious medical conditions, and
single parents.

Currently, Korsi is hosting 19,746 Sudanese refugees (8,179 households), with children making up 58 per
cent of the total population.

Protection
In Korsi, UNHCR conducted ten individual protection interviews regarding documentation, food assistance,
and the distribution of non-food items.

Core Relief Items (CRIs)

In Korsi, Birao, 572 Sudanese refugees (204 households) received non-food items such as mattresses,
blankets, jerrycans, cooking utensils, and mosquito nets from UNHCR.

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH)

The water supply situation in Korsi is particularly challenging, worsened by the halt in the construction of
water facilities due to a funding freeze affecting UNICEF and UN Women’s partners. Currently, the daily
water supply is just 5.95 liters per person, which is significantly below the Sphere standard of 15 liters per
person per day. To address this issue, UNHCR and its partner Comité International Pour l'Aide d'Urgence
et le Developpement (CIAUD) are organizing water trucking to Korsi, while refugees are seeking
alternative water sources within the host community.

In terms of sanitation, the number of latrines in Korsi remains at 393, including 261 emergency latrines
and 132 semi-durable latrines. This results in a latrine-to-person ratio of 45 people per latrine, which meets
the Sphere emergency standard of 50 people per latrine but falls short of the post-emergency phase
standard of 20 people per latrine.

Hygiene and sanitation teams from UNHCR’s partner, NOURRIR, continue to conduct awareness
campaigns within the refugee community. They are engaging with households through focus groups,
block-by-block activities, and door-to-door outreach, reaching 5,401 households in Korsi. These
campaigns cover various topics, including water point management, the maintenance of sanitary facilities,
and hygiene practices within households.

Health and Nutrition

UNHCR’s partner, Première Urgence Internationale (PUI), has established a mobile clinic in Ndélé,
Bamingui-Bangoran, to provide treatment for malaria and parasitic infections. So far, 632 refugee children,
including 178 girls, have been screened.

From 1 to 7 February, medical teams from the Centre de Support en Santé Internationale (CSSI) and the
International Medical Corps (IMC), under the coordination of the Vakaga Health District, conducted 890

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medical consultations in Korsi. Of these, 99 consultations (11 per cent) were for the host population, while
791 (88 per cent) were for refugees, including 170 new arrivals (19 per cent). Among the patients, 243
children aged 0 to 59 months (27 per cent) received treatment. So far in 2025, 4,668 consultations have
been conducted, with 10 per cent provided to host communities.

The most diagnosed illnesses were acute respiratory infections, with 298 cases (33 per cent), followed by
malaria, with 197 cases (22 per cent), and intestinal parasitosis, with 110 cases (12 per cent). All patients
received outpatient treatment.

Between 1 and 7 February, 42 forcibly displaced women received prenatal consultations, bringing the total
to 245 in 2025. Additionally, one postnatal consultation was conducted, raising the annual total to 11. A
total of 53 women received gynecological consultations, bringing the cumulative total to 299 for 2025.
Seven women accessed family planning services, increasing the total to 54 for the year. During the same
period, four babies were delivered, bringing the total number of deliveries and newborns in 2025 to 19.

During the reporting week, 243 children aged 6 to 59 months were screened for malnutrition during medical
consultations. Six cases of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and two cases of severe acute malnutrition
(SAM) were identified and treated in Korsi. So far, in 2025, 55 MAM cases and 13 SAM cases have been
recorded and treated out of 1,412 children screened.

Additionally, 25 patients were referred from Korsi to Birao District Hospital, increasing the annual total to
91 referrals. Eight pregnant women received tetanus vaccines, and 13 children were vaccinated with multi-
antigen vaccines. So far, in 2025, 43 children have been vaccinated.

CHAD
Highlights
▪ UNHCR Chad has initiated efforts to register refugee doctors with the Order of Physicians in Chad
during the reporting period. So far, three refugees have completed the authentication process for
their medical degrees. This marks a significant milestone, as it sets a precedent for the
authentication of other refugee documents, ultimately facilitating refugee employment in Chad.
▪ On 3 February, UNHCR met with the President, Vice-President, and Cooperation Officer of the
Adam Barka University. The discussion covered several key topics, including the renewal of the
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between UNHCR and the university on refugee study
modalities, set to expire in October 2025. There is mutual interest in an additional MOU focusing
on research and studies of mutual interest, monitoring and evaluating UNHCR projects and
recruiting refugee university professors. In line with this, UNHCR is actively profiling refugee
professors, and the university has already expressed interest in the Rector of El Geneina
University’s profile. Find more information on Chad’s coordination tool.
▪ The EHAGL Regional Bureau Director and Regional Refugee Coordinator for the Sudan situation
completed a week-long mission to Chad from 3 to 8 February to support the government, people
of Chad, UNHCR, and its partners in responding to the Sudan crisis in Eastern Chad. During his
visit, he advocated for sustained donor support for the emergency response and promoted
sustainable development solutions for refugee-hosting areas. He also engaged development
actors by promoting key messages that support UNHCR’s positioning as an actor capable of
ensuring the implementation of development, resilience, and basic social services access
projects. Additionally, he encouraged the finalization and launch of the National Response Plan
for the Crisis in Eastern Chad and met with key stakeholders, including government authorities,
UN agencies, and refugees.

Population Movements and Registration

Between 3 and 10 February, 9,532 Sudanese refugees (1,527 households), primarily women and children,
sought refuge in Chad. Since the start of the Sudan crisis, 749,876 individuals have arrived in Chad,
including 26,337 in 2025.

Biometric registration of newly relocated Sudanese refugees at the Touloum refugee site was completed
on 7 February, with 775 households registered.

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In Dougui, 988 individuals (363 households) were registered during the reporting period, including 631
people with specific needs.

Relocation
Between 4 and 6 February, 358 individuals (124 households) were relocated from Adré to Dougui, bringing
the total number of newly relocated Sudanese refugees in Dougui to 6,135 since 29 October 2024.

1,173 refugees (297 households) were relocated from the Birak border crossing point to the Milé transit
centre, where they are temporarily staying while waiting for shelter construction to be completed in
Koursigué II.

1,826 new Sudanese refugees (681 households) from Korabo and Koulbous have been pre-registered
and are also awaiting relocation.

Protection
Legal protection
During the reporting period, 51 new protection cases were recorded across refugee sites in Eastern Chad.
These cases included threats of death, theft, assault and battery, home invasion, infanticide, and divorce.
UNHCR and protection partners, including state law enforcement authorities, are handling some of these
cases.

Child protection
A total of 124 children with various vulnerabilities were identified by UNHCR and its child protection
partners. These included children with impaired vision, physical disabilities, hearing and mental disorders,
and separated children. These cases were referred to ADES, UNHCR’s medical partner, for medical care.

13 children with specific needs received individualized support, focusing on personalized educational
approaches. These cases underscore the ongoing need for targeted protection and medical interventions,
ensuring that vulnerable children receive the specialized care they need.

Gender-based violence (GBV) prevention and response

A Prevention of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (PSEA) module refresher training was conducted in Iriba
during the livelihoods and economic inclusion workshop, with 21 participants taking part. The training
supported UNHCR and its partners in implementing effective Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA)
prevention and response measures at refugee sites. It aimed to foster a culture of accountability in both
the workplace and interactions with beneficiaries while addressing power imbalances and gender
inequalities that contribute to GBV, SEA, and other forms of sexual misconduct.

During the reporting period, GBV survivors received psychosocial, medical, financial, and other forms of
assistance from UNHCR and its protection partners. On 5 and 6 February, awareness-raising sessions on
GBV were held for refugees in Iridimi and Am Nabak refugee sites, with 93 individuals attending.

Community-based protection
Dignity kits were distributed to 206 female students and teachers in Touloum and Am Nabak refugee sites,
including eight female teachers from Am Nabak College.

During the week, 247 complaints were recorded across refugee sites. Of these, 70 were processed, and
feedback was provided to complainants, while the remaining cases are still being reviewed. Due to the
funding shortfall, an increase in complaints is expected, particularly from refugees and host communities
awaiting relocation from border areas to consolidated refugee sites.

Education
During the reporting period, 29 temporary learning structures (TLS) were completed and handed over for
use in three primary schools in Zabout and Djabal refugee sites. The remaining structures in Goz-Amir,
Djabal, are expected to be completed soon. Additionally, 648 school kits were distributed to primary school
students in Aboutengué, and hygiene kits were provided to 25 adolescent girls with disabilities across
Farchana, Aboutengué, and Allacha.

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Health and Nutrition
Since the beginning of the year, 34,517 consultations have been conducted, including 7,157 new
consultations during the reporting week. The most common medical conditions remain acute respiratory
infections, malaria, watery diarrhea, and malnutrition.

Since the start of the year, 1,826 cases of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and 843 cases of severe
acute malnutrition (SAM) have been treated among children aged 6 to 59 months (about 5 years).

During the reporting week, 33,549 children were screened for malnutrition, with 112 new cases of MAM
and 111 new cases of SAM identified.

Since the start of the year, 3,505 pregnant and breastfeeding women have been screened, with 43 cases
of moderate acute malnutrition treated. During the reporting week, 844 pregnant women were screened,
and 12 were identified with moderate malnutrition.

Since the start of the year, 720 births have been assisted by qualified health personnel, with 176 deliveries
recorded during the reporting week.

During the week in review, 102 mental health cases were seen for consultation and treatment, including
22 new cases.

A total of 152 patients have been referred for specialized medical care, including 32 referrals during the
reporting week.

Healthcare services in Mile and Kounoungou were temporarily halted due to funding constraints. In
response, UNHCR organized a mission to ensure continued access to primary healthcare for affected
populations. The mission successfully coordinated with health district authorities, strengthened confidence
among health workers, established referral systems, provided medical escorts during relocations, and
secured the supply of essential medical equipment and medicines. As a result, the International Rescue
Committee (IRC) resumed activities on 5 February, allowing life-saving interventions to continue.

WFP’s food distribution for Metché ended in January, assisting 41,175 individuals. Food distribution for
January is ongoing at the Adré spontaneous site, where 185,795 refugees have been assisted so far.

Cash-Based Interventions (CBI)

Refugees in Iridimi, Am Nabak, and Kouchaguine Moura refugee sites received cash assistance from WFP
in place of food rations. Each beneficiary received XAF 8,000 per person per month (approximately 13
USD), benefiting 8,266 households so far. The distribution is ongoing.

Shelter and Core Relief Items (CRIs)

A total of 99 emergency shelters were allocated to 124 newly relocated refugee households (358
individuals). In Dougui and Arkoum, Croix-Rouge Tchadienne (CRT) has constructed 1,283 emergency
shelters (783 in Dougui and 500 in Arkoum), with an additional 217 shelters under construction in Dougui.

Agence de Développement Economique et Social (ADES) is constructing four community centers, with
one in Alacha, two in Arkoum, and one in Dougui.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

A joint WFP-UNHCR-Government project conducted an assessment visit to Touloum and Iridimi refugee
sites to identify potential locations for the construction and/or rehabilitation of spreading weirs. Seven sites
were initially proposed (four in Touloum and three in Iridimi), with four sites ultimately selected after a
detailed study. These locations are expected to positively impact existing boreholes and support the
installation of new boreholes. WFP is leading the implementation through a partner specialized in weir
construction and rehabilitation.

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EGYPT
Highlights
▪ On 6 February, the UNHCR Representative to Egypt and the League of Arab States met with the
newly appointed Director General of the Cairo International Center for Peace (CCCPA).
Discussions focused on strategic collaboration in preparation for the upcoming Fifth Edition of the
Aswan Forum for Sustainable Peace and Development, scheduled for October 2025. The meeting
also addressed expanding support for the Arab Women Mediator Network of the League of Arab
States (LAS) and implementing Egypt’s pledges from the 2023 Global Refugee Forum.
▪ On 16 January, two refugees from Sudan and South Sudan traveled to Italy to work in the
shipbuilding sector after completing a specialized training course in Egypt. Supported by UNHCR,
they became the first refugees welcomed by Italy under the innovative “Labor Corridors for
Refugees” programme, which seeks to match refugees’ skills with Italy’s labor market needs.

Population Movements and Registration

As of 9 February, UNHCR Egypt has provided registration appointments to 882,400 people forced to flee
Sudan since the conflict began in April 2023. So far, 576,750 individuals (65 per cent) have been fully
registered for assistance and protection. The vast majority of newly registered refugees are Sudanese
nationals (96 per cent), followed by Eritreans (2 per cent) and South Sudanese (2 per cent). Among them,
55 per cent are female, and 42 per cent are children.

Protection
Community-based protection
During the reporting week, 5,126 refugees and asylum-seekers, including new arrivals from Sudan,
received information on available services, assistance, and procedures for reporting fraud and complaints
from outreach community workers at UNHCR’s Reception Centre in 6th of October City, Greater Cairo.

During the same period, UNHCR’s partner Terre des Hommes (TdH) provided on-the-spot psychosocial
support to 1,900 individuals. Among them, 22 cases were referred for in-depth psychosocial assessments,
while 194 cases were fast-tracked for urgent assistance.

Legal and physical protection

During the reporting period, 576 individuals received legal assistance and counseling through UNHCR and
its partners, including 430 Sudanese refugees. The cases mainly involved birth registration, legal reports,
divorce, custody, and legal representation.

Infoline
During the reporting week, UNHCR Egypt’s Infoline responded to 11,855 inquiries. Additionally, an
average of 455 individuals per day fleeing the Sudan conflict secured registration appointments through
the Infoline. Since the onset of the crisis, 597,100 people have successfully scheduled registration
appointments using this system.

Livelihoods and Economic Inclusion

On 5 and 6 February, five Sudanese refugee artists took part in art workshops as part of “The Colors of
the Nile and Tiber” event, organized by Artoday and the Italian Institute in Cairo. Since 2022, UNHCR has
partnered with Artoday to support refugee artists in Egypt, helping them showcase their work and
participate in local and international exhibitions. This initiative also provides workshops to enhance artistic
skills and visibility.

Cash Assistance
Between 2 and 8 February, UNHCR’s partner Mindset conducted vulnerability assessments for 1,019
Sudanese individuals in Cairo. Since the Sudan crisis began in April 2023, UNHCR has assessed the
vulnerability of 176,381 Sudanese refugees and asylum-seekers, including both new arrivals and those
already in Egypt before the crisis.

In January and February 2025, 48,738 Sudanese refugees received Multi-Purpose Cash Assistance
(MPCA). However, 112,335 highly vulnerable Sudanese refugees remain on the MPCA waiting list,
highlighting the urgent need for continued funding and support.

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ETHIOPIA
Highlights
▪ UNHCR continues to have unrestricted access to refugee sites in both the Amhara and
Benishangul Gumuz regions despite the volatile security situation, particularly in the Amhara
region. In the Benishangul Gumuz region, the security situation remains calm and stable at the
Kurmuk transit center, as well as at the Ura and Sherkole refugee sites.
▪ On February 7, the Canadian Ambassador to Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Sudan undertook a one-day
mission to the Benishangul Gumuz region. During this visit, the Ambassador observed the Sudan
emergency response efforts at the Sherkole refugee camp and the Ura refugee settlement. He
met with the Regional President of the Benishangul Gumuz region to discuss humanitarian,
development, and peace initiatives in the area and the Canadian government’s ongoing and future
support. The Ambassador also engaged with representatives from the Refugees and Returnees
Service (RRS) and interacted with Sudanese refugee representatives at both Sherkole and Ura.
His visit included observations of essential services in areas such as protection, shelter, water,
sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), health, and education activities.

Population Movement and Registration

In the Benishangul Gumuz region, a total of 144 individuals (60 households) were registered at the Kurmuk
transit center. Since 15 April 2023, the cumulative number of individuals registered at the household level
has reached 29,897. As of 7 February, 751 refugees from 212 households have completed the biometric
registration and verification process at the Ura refugee site. Out of these, 540 individuals are enrolled in
the National ID Programme (NIDP).

In the Amhara region, registration efforts started on 14 January at the Aftit settlement. So far, 20 refugees,
comprising 10 households, have been registered. However, the process was suspended due to technical
issues with the server. It is expected to resume in the coming weeks once internet connectivity in the area
is restored.

Relocation
In the Benishangul Gumuz region, UNHCR, in collaboration with the Refugees and Returnees Service
(RRS) and other partners, relocated 179 refugees (63 households) from the Kurmuk transit center to the
Ura refugee site. Additionally, 24 refugees (13 households) chose to self-relocate. As a result, the total
number of refugees relocated to Ura now stands at 10,890 individuals (3,994 households).

Protection
In the Amhara region, UNHCR and its partners conducted various protection activities, including
counseling, feedback, response, and referrals. They engaged with religious leaders from the refugee
community to discuss support for youth affected by alcohol and substance addiction, as well as the need
for land to build a mosque and a church. Consequently, land was allocated for these purposes.
Additionally, the Development and Inter-Church Aid Commission (DICAC) carried out a verification
exercise for 125 elders and individuals with disabilities through home visits and at the protection desk,
assessing their levels of vulnerability.

In the Benishangul Gumuz region, regular protection desk services continued, providing the refugee
community with protection counseling at both the Kurmuk transit center and the Ura refugee site.

Gender-based violence (GBV) prevention and response

In Aftit, Amhara region, DICAC provided GBV response services to adult female survivors and closely
monitored the well-being of underage boys, ensuring they received appropriate support. GBV services
were made available in the Aftit refugee settlement, with visits focusing on raising awareness about GBV,
mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS), and Psychological First Aid (PFA). Efforts also included
empowering people with disabilities and older people. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with adolescent
girls and young women (aged 15-25) highlighted safety concerns, particularly fears of sexual violence and
theft due to inadequate lighting near latrines. These concerns are being followed up to enhance protective
measures.

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In the Benishangul Gumuz Region, the International Rescue Committee (IRC) conducted awareness-
raising sessions on child protection and GBV, emphasizing the risks of sexual exploitation and abuse
(SEA), the importance of reporting, and the available survivor-centered support mechanisms. During the
reporting period, GBV survivors received protection, legal assistance, and medical care. Additionally,
awareness-raising sessions on GBV prevention and response reached 88 individuals.

Child Protection
In Aftit, Innovative Humanitarian Solutions (IHS) and Plan International Ethiopia (PIE) provided child
protection services by conducting best-interest assessments for eight unaccompanied and separated
children, as well as other vulnerable children, to prioritize their needs and well-being. The child-friendly
space engaged an average of 265 children in structured indoor activities that promoted social interaction,
creativity, and physical well-being. Additionally, a three-day training on positive parenting skills and
discipline was held for 200 caregivers and foster parents of unaccompanied and separated children,
aiming to strengthen caregiving practices and create a supportive environment.

At the Ura refugee site, PIE continued its efforts by identifying, verifying, and registering unaccompanied
and separated children, completing best-interest assessments, and registering five separated children.
During the reporting week, a total of 467 children accessed services at the child-friendly spaces.

Health and Nutrition

In Aftit settlement, Medical Teams International (MTI) provided 476 outpatient consultations for refugees
and host community members with prevalent illnesses, including respiratory tract infections, pneumonia,
acute watery diarrhea, urinary tract infections, malaria, febrile illness, and intestinal parasites.

Nutrition screening for 1,008 children and 190 pregnant and lactating women (PLW) identified nine cases
of Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) among children and 26 MAM cases among PLW. All identified
cases were enrolled in the Targeted Supplementary Feeding Programme (TSFP).

In Benishangul Gumuz, MTI provided 715 outpatient consultations at the Akuda health post in Ura, with
malaria, respiratory infections, and watery diarrhea as the most common illnesses. GOAL conducted
nutrition screening for 198 children under five and 86 PLW, identifying six children with MAM and one with
Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). All cases were admitted to TSFP.

Education
In Aftit and Ura settlements, students were on a one-week semester break following first-semester final
exams.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

In the Amhara region, PIE provided 64,286 liters of chlorinated water daily to refugees in the Aftit
settlement and 17,000 liters weekly to the Aftit primary school and health post, serving both refugees and
the host community. The water supply in Aftit reached an average of 12.62 liters per person per day (l/p/d),
below the emergency standard of 15 l/p/d.

In Benishangul Gumuz, 180,000 liters of water per day were distributed to refugees in Ura, meeting the
15-l/p/d emergency standard.

Shelter and Core Relief Items (CRIs)

In the Aftit settlement, 200 emergency shelters and 11 sustainable shelters were completed, bringing the
total to 998 emergency shelters and 226 sustainable shelters.
In the Ura settlement, 25 shelters were completed and handed over, bringing the total to 2,121 completed
shelters.

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LIBYA
Highlights
▪ On 6 and 8 February, authorities in Alkufra reported discovering almost 50 bodies in two mass
graves in the eastern Libyan desert. The graves were found following raids on human trafficking
sites, with 19 bodies recovered in Ejkhera (south of Benghazi) and at least 28 bodies north of
Alkufra. Authorities also rescued 76 refugees and migrants who had been detained and tortured,
according to the Attorney General’s Office.
▪ Refugees and migrants on land routes across Africa face extreme dangers on desert routes,
including violence and abuse by criminal gangs and armed groups, as documented by UNHCR,
IOM, and (MMC) in 2024. This latest incident comes days after eastern Libyan authorities freed
245 refugees from Somalia, Eritrea, and Ethiopia from a trafficking camp in Ejkhera and
transferred them to Ganfouda detention center near Benghazi. UNHCR provided core relief items
(CRIs) at the center, identifying urgent needs such as medical support and food. Other people in
need of international protection at the detention centre include 31 Sudanese, 18 Syrians, 5
Yemenis, and one Palestinian. The facility also hosts 349 migrants, including Bangladeshi,
Egyptian, Chadian, Pakistani, and other nationalities.

Population Movement and Registration

The registration process by authorities in Alkufra remains halted due to the non-payment of incentives to
health staff conducting medical clearances. There is no clear timeline for resolving the issue. A temporary
alternative process is in place, but it places a financial burden on refugees, costing 160 LYD per person
(approximately 32 USD), unlike the previous free-of-charge system.

Meanwhile, the influx of Sudanese refugees into Alkufra continues at a rate of approximately 300
individuals per day.

As of 1 February, 61,243 Sudanese refugees are registered with UNHCR in Tripoli, representing 74 per
cent of the total refugee population in Libya.

Protection
In eastern Libya, UNHCR protection staff are preparing for a participatory assessment with Sudanese
refugees, which will take place this month. Participants from Sudanese and other refugee communities
will engage in focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) in Alkufra, Ajdabiya,
and Benghazi. The findings will contribute to a multi-year strategy for refugee protection and assistance.

Shelter and Core Relief Items (CRIs)

To prevent duplication of assistance, authorities in Alkufra are testing a new database system, introduced
in January, at the Alkufra Detention Center, where registration and distributions take place. To ensure
refugees receive comprehensive assistance, UNHCR and WFP have coordinated with authorities to
distribute CRIs and food aid together through their partner, the Libyan Red Crescent (LRC). The database
system will be reviewed after the distribution next week to allow for any necessary adjustments.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

The increasing number of Sudanese arrivals is putting significant pressure on health, WASH, cash
assistance, food, and shelter services in eastern Libya. Many newly arrived refugees have concerns about
health conditions and require urgent medical and nutritional support.

The WASH infrastructure is overstretched, raising the risk of disease outbreaks. There is an immediate
need for improved access to water and sanitation, including latrines. While local authorities are providing
critical assistance, including access to public health services and education, additional support is needed,
particularly as Sudanese refugees move toward coastal cities. Protection assistance tailored to female-
headed households is also essential.

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SOUTH SUDAN
Highlights
▪ In Renk transit centres, many refugees and returnees continue to live in makeshift shelters, using
plastic sheets and clothing for protection. The lack of adequate housing remains a pressing issue,
requiring urgent shelter interventions.
▪ Health facilities in Malakal are experiencing shortages of essential medical supplies, particularly
anti-malaria drugs, putting refugees and host communities at risk. Immediate medical support is
needed to prevent further health deterioration.

Population Movement and Registration

In Renk, during the reporting week, 1,597 households, including South Sudanese and Sudanese nationals,
entered through the main/official entry point at the Wunthou/Joda border. An additional 5,300 individuals
(900 households) arrived through unofficial border points in Omdulis, Gong Bar, Atam, and Bobnis, mainly
heading toward Dukduk, Jerbena, Gosfami, and Chemmedi.

In Maban, as of 7 February, the total population across the four camps reached 211,924 individuals
(43,276 households).

In Malakal, according to UNHCR’s monitoring of returnees, 1,347 returnees (748 females, 599 males)
arrived through the official border points of Pagak, Jekow, and Phil in Maiwut County, while 834 individuals
(397 females, 437 males) crossed through the Burebiey border point in Nassir County. Among them, 90
individuals (70 females, 20 males) were identified as vulnerable people, including pregnant and lactating
women, elderly without support, and people with disabilities.

In Abyei, 121 individuals (51 households), including refugees, asylum-seekers, and returnees, crossed
into South Sudan through the Amiet market entry point, while 142 individuals (56 households) were
registered at the Abyei Transit Centre.

In Jamjang, 215 individuals (70 households) arrived in the Ruweng Administrative Area during the
reporting period, marking a 12 per cent decrease compared to the previous week due to ongoing access
restrictions from Sudan at the Panakuach border point. Since the start of the Sudan crisis, a total of 17,255
refugees and asylum-seekers have been registered in the Sub-Office Jamjang area of responsibility, while
9,988 returnees have been recorded in the Ruweng administrative area.

Relocation
In Renk, 305 refugees were relocated by boat to Malakal. Plans for their onward transportation to Aweil
and Jamjang are underway.

In Malakal, 487 refugees were relocated to the Aweil refugee camp through Onward Transportation
Assistance (OTA).

Protection
In Renk, the rising theft of livestock and property involving refugees and host community members near
informal settlements at the border is increasing tensions between the two communities.

In Maban, 12 asylum-seekers interviewed last year have received documentation following a decision by
the refugee eligibility committee. However, 105 individuals are still awaiting recognition, and the lack of
valid asylum-seeker certificates continues to create challenges with immigration authorities in Bunj, who
have demanded proper immigration documents.

In Malakal, UNHCR’s partner, the Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA), distributed dignity
kits to 100 mothers and adolescent girls in Ulang and Wanding payams (administrative divisions) of Nasir
County. Beneficiaries included survivors of gender-based violence (GBV), young mothers, adolescent
schoolgirls, and women at risk.

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Health and Nutrition
In Renk, the Nutrition Programme screened 3,704 children under five for malnutrition. Among them, 3 per
cent were identified as moderately malnourished, while 1.2 per cent were found to be severely
malnourished. Additionally, 1,160 pregnant and breastfeeding women were screened, with 5 per cent
diagnosed with moderate malnutrition. A total of 645 vaccinations were administered under the Expanded
Programme on Immunization (EPI), of which 25 per cent were measles vaccinations.

In Maban, UNHCR’s partner, Relief International, conducted 8,353 outpatient consultations for both
refugees and nationals. Among those treated were 3,604 males and 5,027 females, including 3,483
refugee males and 4,870 refugee females, while 278 nationals (121 males and 157 females) also received
medical support. The most reported illnesses included upper respiratory tract infections, malaria, lower
respiratory tract infections, and acute watery diarrhoea.

In Malakal, health facilities are experiencing a shortage of essential anti-malaria drugs, increasing the
health risks for the affected population.

Shelter and Core Relief Items (CRIs)

In Renk, only 36 per cent of refugees and returnees in Transit Centers 1 and 2 have habitable shelters
that provide adequate protection, space, dignity, and comfort. Over 8,500 individuals remain in makeshift
shelters, using clothing and plastic sheets in open spaces previously designated as access roads.

In Maban, UNHCR and Relief International completed the construction of 14 emergency semi-permanent
latrines across seven schools in Upper Nile State.

In Malakal, UNHCR’s partner, the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), is constructing 12 semi-permanent
shelters in Bulukat. Foundations for all shelters have been completed, with the remaining work already
underway.

UGANDA
Highlights
▪ On 30 January, Uganda’s Ministry of Health confirmed an Ebola outbreak in the country. So far,
there are nine confirmed cases—eight individuals in isolation and one fatality. No refugees have
been affected.
▪ As of 12 January, Uganda has recorded 2,671 confirmed Mpox cases, including 19 fatalities since
the outbreak began in July 2024. Ten refugees have been affected to date, with no fatalities reported.
UNHCR and its partners continue to coordinate with the Ministry of Health to strengthen Mpox
surveillance.
▪ In Kiryandongo, a Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) mission team conducted a
livelihood survey on 4 February to develop regional cooperation strategies for refugee response and
integration in East Africa and the Great Lakes region. The team held consultative meetings and
conducted field visits, focusing on improving livelihood opportunities and economic inclusion for both
refugees and host communities.
▪ During the reporting week, the Head of Delegation of the International Federation of Red Cross and
Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) visited Kiryandongo to assess the refugee situation and oversee
Uganda Red Cross activities, including funded projects in the region.

Population Movements and Registration

Since the onset of the Sudan conflict in April 2023, Uganda has registered 65,324 Sudanese refugees. In
2025, a total of 2,326 Sudanese individuals have sought asylum and been registered.

Among the 65,324 registered Sudanese refugees, 9,510 individuals (14.5 per cent) are urban refugees,
living primarily in Kampala. During the reporting week, four new arrivals from Sudan were registered in
urban areas.

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Relocation
A total of 133 Sudanese individuals (44 households) were relocated from Nyumanzi to Kiryandongo
reception centres and from Ocea and Kuluba reception centres in Arua.

Protection
Access to Territory
Sudanese asylum-seekers continue to receive prima facie recognition. General violence and insecurity in
Sudan led to 1,272 new Sudanese arrivals in Uganda during the reporting week, primarily from Rabak,
Sennar, Darfur, and Khartoum.

Reception Centres
Sudanese nationals account for 36 per cent (1,198 out of 3,361 individuals) of the refugees hosted in
Adjumani, Arua, and Kiryandongo reception centres.

Legal and physical protection

In Kiryandongo, 212 individuals attended a child justice awareness session, which focused on the rights
of children, legal consequences for youth in conflict with the law, and the roles of parents and communities
in their upbringing.

Additionally, 25 refugees and host community members were trained by the Lutheran World Federation
(LWF) on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in the context of GBV. The training covered GBV concepts,
ADR principles, and the role of community leaders in supporting survivors and preventing GBV.

Support to People with Specific Needs (PSNs)

During the reporting week in Kiryandongo, four individuals with disabilities were provided with assistive
devices, including three wheelchairs and a cane. Additionally, 30 UNHCR and partner staff were trained
on the People with Specific Needs (PSN) verification tool using KOBO, a digital data collection platform.
The verification exercise has so far verified 1,424 PSNs, despite challenges such as absent family
members, missing attestation cards, and households with only children present, as heads of households
remain in their country of origin or seek livelihoods elsewhere due to food cuts.

Peaceful Coexistence
Eight football teams, including 178 male youth from both refugee and host communities, received sports
equipment to promote peaceful coexistence.

Psychosocial support (PSS)

A total of 1,419 children and adolescents in Kiryandongo participated in Mental Health and Psychosocial
Support (MHPSS) sessions conducted by the Uganda Red Cross Disaster Management Committee
(URDMC) to restore hope and improve mental well-being.

Gender-based violence (GBV) prevention and response

In Kiryandongo, 742 refugees and host community members, including new arrivals, took part in
awareness sessions on GBV, focusing on referral pathways, different forms of GBV, and community-based
prevention strategies. Additionally, 125 adolescents and healthcare providers received information on
responding to sexual violence, including survivor-centered post-rape care, to strengthen support systems
and promote positive community attitudes toward GBV prevention and response.

Health and Nutrition

In Kiryandongo, 12 new refugee arrivals who self-reported with high-grade fevers were diagnosed with
malaria and received treatment. Additionally, two nationals with skin infections were confirmed to have
chickenpox and were successfully treated and discharged. No individuals are currently in isolation.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

A total of 90 dome-shaped slabs were distributed to new arrival households with ready pits for latrine
construction. Additionally, 113 handwashing facilities and solid waste collection buckets were provided to
schools, health centres, police stations, and food distribution points (FDPs) to enhance hygiene and waste
management.

15
In Kiryandongo, the main transmission line at the Bush Water System was repaired, restoring the water
supply to Ematong Primary School. A hydrological survey identified ten high-yield groundwater sites for
future drilling and calibrated five wells to assess their output. Under UNICEF’s initiative, four new
production wells will be drilled to improve water access.

A total of 688 new arrivals participated in environmental health and hygiene sessions, covering food
hygiene, solid waste management, handwashing, safe water handling, vector control, personal hygiene,
and menstrual hygiene management.

Livelihood and Economic Inclusion

In Kiryandongo, the international NGO GiveDirectly has begun enrolling cash beneficiaries, aiming to
provide cash grants to approximately 4,000 newly arrived Sudanese refugees.

Two youth groups engaged in motorcycle repair and electronics received toolkits to enhance economic
opportunities.

Critical Gaps
Overcrowding in classrooms
In Kiryandongo, overcrowded classrooms are severely affecting education quality, worsened by the
continuous influx of new arrivals. Limited classroom space and seating pose major challenges, while long
distances to schools discourage attendance. Many schools are in areas settled by earlier arrivals, forcing
new students to relocate further away, resulting in lengthy daily commutes.

Before the Sudanese influx, the pupil-to-teacher ratio in Kiryandongo was 60 students per teacher, already
exceeding the recommended standard of 40 students per teacher. The situation has deteriorated
significantly, now reaching 85 students per teacher.

Overcrowding at Kiryandongo reception centre

Due to the continued arrival of refugees, the Kiryandongo reception centre is operating at 184 per cent
capacity (799 individuals against a maximum capacity of 375). The situation is further worsened by
relocated individuals returning to stay overnight despite efforts to settle them in designated plots. This
overcrowding has severely strained resources, deteriorating WASH, health, and protection services and
compromising the overall well-being of new arrivals.

Overstretched health services

At Panyadoli Health Centre IV, limited space in the maternity ward is affecting its ability to serve patients.
Additionally, the transportation of medical samples to the Central Laboratory in Kampala has been halted,
affecting diagnostic services and delaying test results.

Health partners now rely on already overstretched ambulance and coordination vehicle fleets, with
potential fuel budget constraints if suspected cases rise. Additionally, a shortage of community health
assistants and health screeners is hindering community surveillance, consistent health screenings, contact
tracing, and timely reporting.

Insufficient water supply in the settlement

In Kiryandongo, access to clean water remains critically low. The average water supply per person has
dropped from 14 litres per person per day (l/p/d) in January 2024 to 10 l/p/d in December 2024.

Despite several water infrastructure investments, the available resources cannot keep up with the pace of
new arrivals. This situation poses serious health risks, particularly increasing the likelihood of waterborne
diseases due to inadequate sanitation and hygiene.

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Response Plans and Funding Situation
Regional Refugee Response Plan (RRP) – January - December 2025
The Sudan Regional Refugee Response Plan 2025 was released on 4 February and will be presented
along with the Sudan Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan (HNRP) on 17 February 2025 at an event
in Geneva. It is an appeal for USD 1.8 billion for 111 partners to provide essential aid and protection to
a total of 5 million people in seven countries by the end of 2025. This includes 4 million refugees,
returnees, and others who have fled the ongoing conflict in Sudan and over 800,000 host community
members.

Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) – January - December 2025

The 2025 Sudan Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP), published on 31 December 2024, requires
USD 4.2 billion to assist 21 million people. The HRP includes the response for refugees hosted by
Sudan. As of 8 February, the total funding for the HRP reached USD 240.6 million, covering 5.8% of the
requirements. Access OCHA’s Financial Tracking Service here: OCHA FTS.

UNHCR Supplementary Appeal – January - December 2025

UNHCR’s financial requirement for 2025 for the Sudan situation emergency response – in Sudan and RRP
countries – amounts to USD 1.1 billion.

Resources
➢ NEW! Data visualization tracks myriad dangers faced by refugees and migrants on land routes across
Africa
➢ NEW! Story Map: Death in the Desert
➢ 2025 Sudan Regional Refugee Response Plan
➢ Sudan Regional Refugee Response Plan - At a Glance
➢ UNHCR Sudan Situation Appeal 2025
➢ Sudan-Emergency-Critical-Life-Saving-Needs
➢ UNHCR Mpox Appeal 2024
➢ Refugee Coordination Model
➢ Sudan Regional Refugee Response 2024 - June revision
➢ Sudan Regional Response 2024 - At a glance
➢ UNHCR’s Sudan Situation Supplementary Appeal - 2024 - June revision
➢ Sudan RRP 2024 Progress Report – January to April 2024
➢ UNHCR’s Operational Data Portal (ODP) for the Sudan Situation provides weekly updates on the
refugee and returnee arrivals in Sudan’s neighbouring countries.
➢ UNHCR and IOM Joint Dashboard of arrivals to South Sudan, including data on returnee intentions,
onward movements, and numbers and locations of returnees in and around Renk.
➢ UNHCR Global Focus Sudan Operation page
➢ UNHCR Sudan Emergency website
➢ UNHCR’s HELP site for Refugees and Asylum-Seekers in Sudan provides information to individuals
seeking information and support inside Sudan (in English and Arabic).

Contacts: Joyce Munyao-Mbithi, Senior Donor Relations Officer, RBEHAGL ([email protected]); Kabami Kalumiya, Reporting
Officer, RBEHAGL ([email protected]); Undraa Bayanaa, Associate Donor Relations Officer, RBEHAGL ([email protected])

17