REVIEWER UTL 1

PARALLEL CIRCUIT is like water flowing down a river and being divided into several smaller stream, It
is the most frequently used circuiting technique

CLOSED CIRCUIT uninterrupted path

OPEN CIRCUIT interrupted path, prevent flow of current

Thales He documented what eventually became known as static electricity.

MICHAEL FARADAY invented electric motor

NIKOLA TESLA Developed plans for an alternating current induction motor, which become the first
step towards the successful utilization of alternating current.

JOSEPH SWAN, Thomas Edison who independently developed incandescent lamp?

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN He threw a kite with a stiff wire pointing upward as a thunderstorm was about
to break

OTTO VON GUERICKE first generating generating machine

100 MILLIAMPS At levels of current flow exceeding "_",the heart stops

OHM The unit used to measure electrical resistance is the "_

VOLTAGE This is the driving force behind current flow

AMPHERE rate of current flow

ELECTROCHEMISTRY is electricity from a chemical reaction

THERMOELECTRICITY is-electricity from heat

STATIC ELECTRICITY electricity from friction

PHOTOELECTRICITY electricity from light

PIEZOELECTRICITY electricity from pressure

MAGNETOELECTRICITY electricity from magnet

INSULATORS nonmetallic elements and compounds such as glass and other ceramic materials.

SEMI CONDUCTORS They behave like good conductors at high temperature and insulators at low
temperature

CONDUCTORS carries electrical current without providing too much resistance to current flow

SILVER Best natural conductor of electricity

ELECTRIC CURRENT affects the needle on a compass

ELEKTRO "beaming sun"

ELECTRICUS “produce from amber by friction”

CLOSED CIRCUIT An uninterrupted path that allows a continuous flow of current through an electrical
circuit

GENERAL ELECTRIC Edison Electric Light Company was later known as?

DIRECT CURRENT flow in one direction

ALTERNATING CURRENT reveral direction of flow

5 ELECTRIC INSULATORS

DIAMOND RUBBER GLASS CERAMICS WOOD

5 ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR

COPPER GOLD SILVER STEEL WATER

SERVICE LATERAL Underground (buried) service entrance conductors

ELECTRIC METER instrument used by utility

SWITCHBOARD is a large cabinet or assembly of metal cabinets

TYPES OF SWITCHBOARD

TRANSFORMER are used in transmitting and distributing power from the power plant to a substation.

CIRCUIT BREAKER overcurrent protection device, it does not exceed circuit rating

BRANCH CIRCUIT is that portion of a building wiring system that extends beyond the final overcurrent
protection device that is protecting a circuit

OUTLET It provides power from a circuit breaker or fuse in the panel board to single or multiple points
. It is a point in a wiring system where current is taken to supply an appliance

Individual Branch Circuit serves only one receptacle or piece of equipment

General Purpose Branch Circuit supplies two or more outlets for lighting and appliances. This type of
circuit may be referred to as a lighting circuit

APPLIANCE CIRCUIT serve two or more outlets to which only appliances are connected.

Appliance Branch Circuit supplies energy to one or most outlets to which appliances are to be
connected.

Life Safety Branch Circuit It must automatically connect to an alternate power source such as a
generator when the normal power source is interrupted.

Critical Branch Circuit An emergency system of feeders and branch circuits intended to provide power
to task illumination

Continuous Loads is a connected load that operates for 3 hr or more at any time.

RACEWAY enclosed channel

DIFFERENT KINDS OF OUTLET – INCLUDING UNG SPECIAL OUTLET HEHE

CONVENIENCE OUTLET device insertion into receptacle

LIGHTING OUTLET intended for direct connection

ELECTRICAL ACCESORIES

JUNCTION BOX -a box with a blank cover which serves the purpose of joining different runs of
raceway

PULL BOX - a box with a blank cover which is inserted in one or more runs or raceway

SWITCHES- device that open or closed the circuit in an electric circuit

Classification of Switches

1. GENERAL USE SWITCH 4. AC-DC GENERAL USE SWITCH

2. GENERAL USE SNAP SWITCH 5. ISOLATING SWITCH

3. AC GENERAL USE SNAP SWITCH 6. MOTOR CIRCUIT SWITCH

General use switch is intended for use in the general distribution and branch circuit rated in amperes

General use snap switch installed in flush devices boxes

Isolating switch is a switch intended in 3-way switches are used to control fights with two swiches
Renewable Energies - any naturally occuring, theoretically inexhaustible source of energy, as biomass,
solar, wind, tidal, wave, and hydroelectric power, that is not derived from fossil or nuclear fuel.

Photovoltaic (PV) System Photovoltaic (PV) system is consisting of one or more solar panels connected
with a power inverter and other electrical and mechanical components that generate electricity from
the sun.

Two Types of Connection for PV system

1. Off- grid - not connected in the electric utility

2. Grid-ties - connected in the electric utility

Solar Panel is a panel that converts sunlight into electrical energy

Charge Controller a device that controls and optimizes the charging behavior of solar panels.

Battery a device that stores the electrical energy from the charge controller

Inverter is an electrical device which accepts electrical current in the form of direct current (DC) and
converts it to alternating current (AC)

Racking refers to the mounting apparatus which fixes the solar array to the ground or rooftop. Typically
constructed from steel or aluminum

Solar combiner combines two or more electrical cables into one larger one. Combiners typically include
fuses for protection and are used on all medium to large and utility-scale solar

Disconnects are electrical gates or switches which allow for manual disconnection of an electrical wire.
Typically used on either side of an inverter, namely the "DC disconnect" and "AC disconnect" these
devices provide electrical isolation when an inverter needs to be installed or replaced.

Circuit breakers or breakers protect electrical systems from over current or surges. Designed to trigger
automatically when the current reaches a predetermined

Electric meter measures the amount of energy that passes through it and is commonly used by electric
utility companies to measure and charge customers.

Photons are the made up of packets of energy light from the sun, collected by the solar panel and
creates an electric current through a process called the PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT

Hydropower is the process of utilizing the mechanical potential energy of flowing water, transforming it
into electrical energy to generate electricity

Hydro Turbine -collect the mechanical energy produce by the water flow

Generator -connected lo the turbine to convert the mechanical energy to electrical energy

Wind power is the generation of electricity from wind.

Factors affects the wind power to operate Classifications of Hydropower accdg. to capacity

1. Wind speed Large – greater than 100 MW Mini – 100 KW

2. Air density Medium – 15 to 100 MW Micro – 5 to 100 KW

3. Blade radius Small – 1 to 15 MW Pico – 200W