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CHEMICAL CONCLUSION

The document discusses laboratory tests conducted to determine the properties of hydrocarbons, including combustion, solubility, bromine, and potassium permanganate tests. It highlights the differences in combustion between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, the solubility of alcohol versus hydrocarbons in water, and the reactions of alkanes and alkenes with bromine and potassium permanganate. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of careful observation and supervision during these tests due to the potential hazards involved.

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MARY ROSELLE DESIREE VERALLO
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20 views

CHEMICAL CONCLUSION

The document discusses laboratory tests conducted to determine the properties of hydrocarbons, including combustion, solubility, bromine, and potassium permanganate tests. It highlights the differences in combustion between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, the solubility of alcohol versus hydrocarbons in water, and the reactions of alkanes and alkenes with bromine and potassium permanganate. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of careful observation and supervision during these tests due to the potential hazards involved.

Uploaded by

MARY ROSELLE DESIREE VERALLO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCLUSION:

In determining the properties of hydrocarbons, we can conduct some tests in the


laboratory with a proper guidance. However, because of the pandemic our professor
sent us her demonstration so we can still observe the tests. The tests included in the
activity are ignition test for the combustion, solubility test, reaction with the bromine and
reaction with the potassium permanganate.

Combustion provides clues as to the kind of organic compound they are. The
unsaturated hydrocarbons produced sooty and big flame because of the incomplete
combustion in air. While, the saturated hydrocarbons produced a clean flame. These
results are because of incomplete and complete combustion in air. According to the
Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes (2011), incomplete combustion occurs
when there isn’t enough oxygen to allow the fuel to react completely with the oxygen to
produce carbon dioxide and water. With this, carbon and carbon monoxide are
produced that is why there is a soot and dark smoke in the reaction. Furthermore, all of
the compounds quickly reacted with fire from the matchstick creating the different
intensity of flame and smoke, however, the flames of some compound in the experiment
did not burn out easily.

The next one is solubility test. During the water test, alcohol is soluble with water since it
is categorized as hydrophilic which means water-loving. However, the hydrocarbons is
insoluble with water and they float at the top of the water in which we can conclude that
the compounds are less dense than the water. When hydrocarbons are mixed with
other hydrocarbons, it easily mixes with each other. Moreover, it mixes with each other
because they have the same polarity. Hydrocarbons are non-polar and water is polar
which explains the insolubility of the hydrocarbons to the water.

According to the Labster Theory, the bromine test is used to test for an unsaturated
carbon-carbon bond, such as an alkene or alkyne. The test uses a type of chemical
reaction called addition, where a reactant, here bromine, is added to an organic
compound to break a double or triple bond. During the test, the alkane turns into brown
while the alkenes turned to colorless color even with the drops of the bromine. Based on
the given meaning of the test, it is used to break a double or triple bonds which explains
why the alkane do not have a reaction with the bromine. It turns to brown indicating
there is not addition reaction. The double bonds that the alkenes have is being broken
by the test resulting to the changing of color of the bromine to colorless.

Lastly, potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent. If mixed with a neutral


medium, it turns to reddish brown which is also the reaction of the cyclohexene with the
potassium permanganate. The other two compounds, hexane and toluene, did not have
any reaction to the potassium permanganate. They remained into a purple color. With
those observations, we can conclude that the potassium permanganate can only react
to an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon which is the alkene.
To sum it up, in determining its properties we need to be a keen observes especially
there is a compound that has the same color as water. Every hydrocarbon may have
some identical properties. However, there are still some properties that are not as
identical as the other ones. In doing such tests, always remember that it needs a good
supervision and it needs for a person to be extra careful.

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