IMP Que.

For OOP Unit Test 2

1.Question for two marks .

1.write down program for pointer incrementation and
decrementation.
Ans.-
2.St
ate different types of visibility mode in inheritance.
Ans.-There are three visibility modes in inheritance:
1. Private
2. Public
3. Protected
3.What is Operator overloading ?
Almost all arithmetic operator can be overloaded to perform arithmetic
operation on userdefined data type.
Operator overloading is a way of providing new implementation of
existing operators to work with user-defined data types.
An operator can be overloaded by defining a function to it. The function
for operator is declared by using the operator keyword followed by the
operator.
There are two types of operator overloading in C++
• Binary Operator Overloading
• Unary Operator Overloading
4.Define polymorphism. List types of polymorphism.
Ans.-
Polymorphism is the ability to take more than one forms. A function
may behave differently for performing various tasks.
Functions having same name but different number of arguments/return
type in same program is called as polymorphism.
Types of polymorphism:
1) Compile time polymorphism
2) Run time polymorphism
5.What is stream?
• C++ IO are based on streams, which are sequence of bytes flowing in
and out of the programs. A C++ stream is a flow of data into or out of a
program, such as the data written to cout or read from cin.
• C++ provides standard iostream library to operate with streams.
• The iostream is an object-oriented library which provides
Input/Output functionality using streams.

6.What are the Advantages of Stream Classes?

Ans.-• Stream classes have good error handling capabilities.
• These classes work as an abstraction for the user that means the
internal operation is encapsulated from the user.
• These classes are buffered and do not uses the memory disk space.
• These classes have various functions that make reading or writing a
sequence of bytes easy for the programmer.
7.What is static polymorphism?
Ans.-In overloaded functions, when an appropriate member function is
selected by matching arguments at compile time then it is known as
static polymorphism.
OR
Linking of function call with its definition at the compile time is called as
static polymorphism.
8.Give syntax of create pointer to object.
Ans.-Syntax:
class_name *pointer_variable, object_name;
pointer_variable=&object_name;
OR
class_name object_name;
class_name *pointer_variable=& object_name;
2.Question for Four marks .
1.What is pure virtual functions? Write down the rules used for
pure virtual function.
Ans.-
A pure virtual function is a function which is declared in a base
class and which does not have definition relative to the base class. In
such cases, the compiler requires each derived class to either defined in
a derived class or is re-declared as pure virtual function. A pure virtual
function in base class only serves as a placeholder. Such functions are
also called as ‟do-nothing‟ functions.
Ex:-
class ABC
{
public:
virtual void display( )=0;
};
Rules:-
1. A pure virtual function in base class does not have definition
relative to base class.
2. A class containing pure virtual functions cannot be used to
declare any objects of its own.
2.Difference between Runtime Polymorphism and Compile Time
polymorphism .
Ans.-

3.Write a Program Overloading Unary Increment and Decrement using

Member Functions.
Ans.-
#include<iostream>
class Counter {
private:
int count;
public:
// Constructor
Counter() : count(0) {}
Counter(int c) : count(c) {}
// Overload ++ using member function (prefix increment)
Counter operator++() {
++count;
return *this;
}
// Overload -- using member function (prefix decrement)
Counter operator--() {
--count;
return *this;
}
// Display the value of count
void display() const {
std::cout << "Count: " << count << std::endl;
}
};
int main() {
Counter c1(5);
++c1; // Using member function to increment
c1.display(); // Output: Count: 6
--c1; // Using member function to decrement
c1.display(); // Output: Count: 5
return 0;
}
4. Write a C++ program to declare a class birthday having data
members day, month, year. Accept this information for five objects
using pointer to the array of objects
Ans.-
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Birthday {
public:
int day;
int month;
int year;
};
int main() {
Birthday birthdays[5]; // Array of 5 Birthday objects
Birthday *ptr = birthdays; // Pointer to the first element of the array
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
cout << "Enter day, month, and year for birthday " << i + 1 << ": ";
cin >> ptr->day >> ptr->month >> ptr->year;
ptr++; // Increment the pointer to point to the next object
}
cout << "\nBirthdays:\n";
ptr = birthdays; // Reset the pointer to the beginning
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
cout << "Birthday " << i + 1 << ": " << ptr->day << "/" << ptr->month <<
"/" << ptr->year << endl;
ptr++;
}
return 0;
}
5.Write a program for overloading of ++unary operator for inch to
feet conversion. 12 inch = 1 feet.
Ans.-
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class abc
{
int i,f;
 public:
abc(int f1,int i1)
{
f=f1;
i=i1;
}
void operator ++()
{ while(i>11)
{
f++;
i=i-12;
}
cout<<”Number of feet =”<<f<<”Number of inches:”<<i;
}
};
int main()
{
clrscr();
abc a1(2,49);
++a1;
getch();
return 0;
}
6.Write a program using function overloading to swap two integer
number and swap two float number.
Ans.-
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
int swap(int a,int b);
float swap(float c, float d);
int swap(int a,int b)
{
int temp;
temp=a;
a=b;
b=temp;
cout<<a<<","<<b<<endl;
}
float swap(float c, float d)
{
float temp;
temp=c;
c=d;
d=temp;
cout<<c<<","<<d<<endl;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a,b,temp;
float c,d;
cout<<"Enter value for a & b="<<endl;
cin>>a>>b;
swap(a,b);
cout<<"Enter value for c & d="<<endl;
cin>>c>>d;
swap(c,d);
getch();
}
7.What is ‘this’ pointer? Give suitable example.
Ans.-
‘this’ pointer:
1. C++ uses a unique keyword called „this‟ to represent an object that
invokes a member function.
2. This unique pointer is automatically passed to a member function
when it is invoked.
3."this" is a pointer that always point to the object for which the
member function was called.
4. For example, the function call
A.max () will set the pointer "this" to the address of the object A.
Next time suppose we call B.max(), the pointer "this‟ will store address
of object B.
Consider the following example:
#include<conio.h>
#include<iostream>
class sample
{
int a;
public:
void setdata(int x)
{
this ->a=x;
}
void putdata()
{
cout<<this ->a;
}
};
void main()
{
clrscr();
sample s;
s.setdata(100);
s.putdata();
getch();
}
In the above example, this pointer is used to represent object s when
setdata() and putdata() functions are called.