ANNUAL EXAMINATION, 2025

CLASS – XI
SUBJECT- PHYSICS (042)
Time Allowed: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1
mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of three marks each, Section D contains three long answer questions of five marks each
Section E contains two case study - based questions of four marks each
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
Section B, 3 question in Section C, 2 question in Section D.
Section A
1 What is the maximum number of rectangular components into which a vector can be [1]
split in space?
a) 4 b) 2 c) 3 d) Infinite
2 A body of mass 2 kg moves with an acceleration 3 ms −2 . The change in momentum in [1]
one second is
3 2
a) 2 kg ms −1 b) 6 kg ms−1 c) 3 kg ms −1 d) 4 kg ms−1
3 If the kinetic energy of a body becomes four times of its initial value, then new [1]
momentum will
a) become thrice its initial value b) become twice its initial value
c) remain constant d) become four times its initial value
4 Kinetic energy, with any reference, must be [1]
a) positive and negative b) zero c) positive d) negative
5 If the mass of the earth is doubled and its radius halved, then new acceleration due to [1]
the gravity g’ is
a) g’= 16g b) g ’= 4 g c) g’ = g d) g’ = 8g
6 If v be the orbital velocity of a satellite in a circular orbit close to the earth’s surface [1]
and v𝑒 is the escape velocity from the earth, then relation between the two is:
a) v𝑒 = √2𝑣 b) v𝑒 = 2v c) v𝑒 = v d) v =√3𝑣𝑒
7 Liquids have no Poisson’s ratio, because [1]
a) they have definite shape b) they have no definite shape
c) they have greater volume d) they have lesser density than solid
8 The surface tension of liquid decreases with a rise in [1]
a) temperature of the liquid b) viscosity of the liquid
c) thickness of container d) diameter of container
9 The SI unit of surface tension is [1]
N 𝑁 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒
a) Nm b) m2 c) 𝑚 d) 𝑐𝑚
10 During isothermal expansion, a confined ideal gas does +150 Jof work against its [1]
surroundings. This implies that:
a) no heat is transferred because the process is isothermal
b) 300 Jof heat has been added to the gas
c) 150 Jof heat has been removed from the gas
d) 150 Jof heat has been added to the gas
11 In the following figures (1) to (4), variation of volume by change of pressure is shown. [1]
A gas is taken along the path ABCDA. The change in internal energy of the gas will be:
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 a) negative in cases (1), (2) and (3) but zero in case (4)
b) zero in all the four cases
c) positive in all cases from (1) to (4)
d) positive in cases (1), (2) and (3) but zero in case (4)
12 A simple harmonic motion is represented by [1]
F(t) = 17sin(20t+ 0.5) .The amplitude of the SHM is
a) A = 20 b) A = 30 c) A = 17 d) A = 5
13 Assertion (A): Force cannot be added with power. [1]
Reason (R): The dimensions of force and pressure are different.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
14 Assertion (A): When an automobile while going too fast around a curve overturns, its [1]
inner wheels leave the ground first.
Reason (R): For a safe turn the velocity of an automobile should be less than the value
of safe limit velocity.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
15 Assertion (A): A planet moves faster, when it is closer to the sun in its orbit and vice [1]
versa.
Reason (R): Orbital velocity in orbital of planet is constant.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
16 Assertion (A): A brass tumbler feels much colder than a wooden tray on a chilly day. [1]
Reason (R): The thermal conductivity of brass is less than that of wood.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
Section B
17 A constant retarding force of 50 N is applied to a body of mass 20 kg moving initially [2]
with a speed of 15 ms −1 . How long does the body take to stop?
OR
State Newton’s first law of motion. Give an example to illustrate it.
18 What do you mean by positive work and negative work? Give examples. [2]
19 Water flows faster than honey. Why? [2]
20 Calculate the temperature which has same numeral value on Celsius and Fahrenheit [2]
scale.
21 What is basic law followed by equipartition of energy? [2]
Section C

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22 A cyclist starts from the Centre O of a circular park of radius 1 km, reaches the edge P [3]
of the park, then cycles along the circumference, and returns to the centre along QO
as shown in figure. If the round trip takes 10 min, what is the
(i) net displacement,
(ii) average velocity, and
(iii) average speed of the cyclist?

OR
A particle is projected horizontally with a speed u from the top of plane inclined at an
angle𝜃 with the horizontal. How far from the point of projection will the particle strike
the plane?
23 Briefly explain static friction, limiting friction and kinetic friction. How do they vary [3]
with the applied force?
24 Define acceleration due to gravity. Show that gravity decreases with depth. [3]
Or
Derive expression for Mayer’s relation.
25 Define the terms stress and strain and also state their SI units. Draw the stress versus [3]
strain graph for a metallic wire, when stretched upto the breaking point.
26 State the principle on which Hydraulic lift work and explain its working? [3]
OR
What do you understand by capillarity phenomenon? Give two examples to illustrate
it.
27 What is a refrigerator? With the help of a block diagram, explain the working principle [3]
of a refrigerator and obtain an expression for its coefficient of performance.
28 What is meant by the term degrees of freedom? Obtain degrees of freedom for a [3]
molecule of monatomic, diatomic and polyatomic gases.
Section D
29 Define elastic potential energy. An elastic spring of force constant k is compressed by [5]
1
an amount x. Show that its potential energy is2 kx 2 .
OR
Define the terms Elastic collision and Inelastic collision. What is the difference
between an inelastic collision and a completely inelastic collision?
30 Obtain expression for the excess pressure inside [5]
(i) a liquid drop,
(ii) liquid bubble
31 Define the terms harmonic oscillator, displacement, amplitude, cycle, time period, [5]
frequency, angular frequency, epoch ,phase, with reference to an oscillatory system.
OR
A spring having with a spring constant 1200 N m –1 is mounted on a horizontal table as
shown in Fig. A mass of 3 kg is attached to the free end of the spring. The mass is then
pulled sideways to a distance of 2.0 cm and released.

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 Take the position of mass when the spring is unstreched as x = 0, and the direction
from left to right as the positive direction of x - axis. Give x as a function of time t for
the oscillating mass if at the moment we start the stopwatch (t = 0), the mass is
(i) at the mean position,
(ii) at the maximum stretched position, and
(iii) at the maximum compressed position.
In what way do these functions for SHM differ from each other, in frequency, in
amplitude or the initial phase?
Section E
32 Read the text carefully and answer the questions: The [4]
figure shows the schematic drawing of Cavendish’s
experiment to determine the value of the gravitational
constant. The bar AB has two small lead spheres attached
at its ends. The bar is suspended from a rigid support by
a fine wire. Two large lead spheres are brought close to
the small ones but on opposite sides as shown. The name
of G from this experiment came to be
6.67 × 10 −11 N - m 2 /kg 2

(i) The big spheres attract the nearby small ones by a force which is
a) equal but in same direction b) unequal and opposite
c) equal and opposite d) equal but in different direction
(ii) The net force on the bar is
a) non - zero b) Data inadequate c) Data insufficient d) zero
(iii) The net torque on the bar is
a) F times the length of the bar, where F is the force of attraction between a
big sphere and its neighboring
b) Both zero and non - zero c) non - zero d) zero
(iv) The torque produces twist in the suspended wire. The twisting stops when
a) restoring torque of the wire exceeds the gravitational torque
b) restoring torque of the wire limit the gravitational torque
c) restoring torque of the wire equals the gravitational torque
d) The gravitational torque exceeds the restoring torque of the wire
33 Read the text carefully and answer the questions: In a small but crowded room, we [4]
start to feel very warm and will start sweating. The heat from our body is transferred
to sweat. As the sweat absorbs more and more heat, it evaporates from your body,
becoming more disordered and transferring heat to the air, which heats up the air
temperature of the room. Many sweating people in a crowded room, that acts as
a ’closed system’ will quickly start heating things up.
(i) By the first law of thermodynamics:
a) Q =△ E - W b) Q =△ E + W
c) Q = - △ E - 𝛥 W d) Q = - △ E - W
(ii) Which of the following can be considered as the
definition of energy?
a) both Q =△ E + W and first law of thermodynamics
b) first law of thermodynamics c) Q =△ E + W
d) second law of thermodynamics
(iii) Internal energy is defined by:
a) Zeroth law of thermodynamics b) the first law of thermodynamics
c) the second law of thermodynamics d) the third law of thermodynamics
(iv) The second law of thermodynamics defines:
a) energy b) heat c) enthalpy d) work
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