Impact Analysis of US Reciprocal Tariff on India

On 2nd April 2025, the US President issued an Executive Order on Reciprocal Tariffs imposing
additional ad-valorem duties ranging from 10% to 50% on imports from all trading partners, with a
view to correct the trade imbalances and encourage domestic manufacturing.

Summary of the US Executive Order on Reciprocal Tariffs

• A baseline additional ad-valorem duty of 10% will be applicable on all countries (excluding
exceptions provided in the order) and will be effective from April 05, 2025.

• From April 9, 2025 onwards, the Reciprocal tariffs i.e. additional ad-valorem duty of higher rates
will be applicable for targeted countries as per rates mentioned in Annex 1 of the order. The
additional duty on India as per the Annex I of the Executive Order is 26%.

The rates of Reciprocal Tariffs will be applied in addition to any other duties, fees, taxes,
exactions, or charges applicable to such imported articles. In other words, the Reciprocal tariffs
are in addition to the MFN tariffs applicable on the import items.

From 9th April onwards, applicable tariffs on India’s export items to the US will be equivalent
to prevailing MFN tariff + 26%

• Exempted Products: The reciprocal tariffs will not be applicable to products subject to duties
under Sec 232 (steel, aluminium, automobiles and auto parts), and products identified in Annex 2
(including copper, pharma, semiconductor, lumber articles, certain critical minerals, energy
products). Separate measures may be announced later for these products.

• The reciprocal tariffs imposed will not be applicable to Canada and Mexico. For these countries,
USMCA compliant goods will continue to see a 0% tariff, non-USMCA compliant goods will see
a 25% tariff, and non-USMCA compliant energy and potash will see a 10% tariff. (Steel,
aluminium and Auto will be levied 25% tariffs as per earlier order).

• US Content benefit: The ad valorem rates of duty in the order will apply only to non-US content
of imports, provided at least 20% of the product value is US originated. (E.g. If India exports
product worth US$100 where 20% of components are US originated, then Reciprocal Tariff of
26% will be applicable on US$ 80, subject to verification by the US Customs.)

• Trading partner response: The order states that if the trading partner retaliates against the
United States in response to these reciprocal tariffs, the US may increase or expand the scope of
duties. On the other hand, if the trading partner takes steps to remedy non-reciprocal trade
arrangements, the US may reduce or limit the scope of duties imposed under the order.

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Country comparison on Reciprocal Tariffs
Nations with significant trade surpluses with the US have seen very high reciprocal tariffs, while the
countries seen as fair trading partners have been levied lower tariffs (baseline tariff of 10%).

The below table provides the details on reciprocal tariffs levied on countries with which US has a
high trade deficit.

Reciprocal
Balance in Exported value Imported value in
Partners Tariff,
value in 2024 in 2024 2024
Adjusted
(Values in US $ Billion)
34% + 20%
China -319.09 143.55 462.64
(previously levied)
Mexico -175.94 334.04 509.99 --
Viet Nam -129.38 13.10 142.48 46%
Germany -87.93 75.61 163.55 20%
Ireland -87.22 16.54 103.76 20%
Taipei, Chinese
-76.39 42.34 118.73 32%
(Taiwan)
Canada -73.67 348.50 422.17 --
Japan -72.33 79.74 152.07 24%
South Korea -69.92 65.54 135.46 25%
India -49.48 41.75 91.23 26%
Thailand -48.29 17.72 66.01 36%
Italy -45.96 32.48 78.45 20%
Switzerland -39.10 25.03 64.13 31%
Malaysia -26.14 27.70 53.85 24%
Indonesia -19.35 10.20 29.55 32%

Immediate responses by trading partners

In response to the announcement of reciprocal tariffs by the US administration, some of the countries
that have been hard hit have announced retaliation, while others have either shown interest of
engaging in bilateral talks with the US government or made plans to lower their own tariffs on US
imports.

Details on initial response of countries to the imposition of reciprocal tariffs is provided in the
Annexure.

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Impact of Reciprocal Tariffs on India’s Key Sectors
The US is India's largest export market, contributing to 17.7% in India's total exports in FY24. The
newly imposed tariffs are expected to reshape trade dynamics, potentially impacting key sectors and
altering the flow of exports between the two nations.

Sector Negative Impact No Impact Opportunity to

Expand Exports
Marine (Shrimp)
Tea
Basmati Rice
Agri and Food Honey
processing
Cashew
Bakery Products
Dairy Products
Apparel
Carpets
Traditional
exports Made-ups
Footwear
Gems & Jewellery

Emerging Electronics
exports Medical Devices
Pharmaceuticals
Steel
Exempted Aluminium
products
Copper
Automobiles
Auto Components

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Agri and Food Processing
Marine Products
Indian seafood exports will face significant pressure following the imposition of the US reciprocal
tariffs. India’s exports of fish, meat, and processed seafood are valued at US $2.58 billion with six
product categories—Frozen Shrimp, Frozen Fish, Fish Meal and Fish Feed, Frozen Squid, Surimi &
Analogue Products, and Frozen Cuttlefish—accounting for 94% of total export value.

The US is India's largest seafood export market, holding a 34.5% share of total export value. Frozen
shrimp dominates, contributing 91.9% of the export value (USD 2.34 billion) and 90.4% of the volume
(2.97 lakh tonnes).

India competes with countries like Canada, Ecuador, Indonesia and Vietnam in these categories.
Other Latin American countries also compete in the market. The new tariff regime in the US is likely
to tilt the dominance of Asian countries in this market towards Latin American countries primarily
due to the relative tariff advantage that latter countries have gained post the reciprocal tariff
announcements.

Ecuador and several smaller producers such as Argentina, Honduras, Mexico, Guatemala, Peru, and
Saudi Arabia have a competitive advantage now and hence may gain market share. While tariffs on
India are relatively lower than Indonesia and Vietnam, Indian exporters will however find it
challenging to maintain their strong foothold in the US market in these categories. Also, domestic
shrimp industry in the US is likely to become competitive and may enhance production and increase
its share in domestic consumption.

Product Major Exporters to Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

US (market share %)
Crustaceans (live. India (27) 26
Frozen, dried) Canada (23.6) -
HS 0306 Ecuador (19.2) 10
Indonesia (10.6) 32
Prepared Crustaceans Indonesia (25.5) 32
HS 1605 India (17.8) 26
Viet Nam (14.8) 46
Canada (11.1) -

Tea
Major suppliers of Black Tea in the US market are India, Sri Lanka, Argentina, China, Poland, UK
and Canada with India dominant in the Black Tea market. While India has a relative tariff advantage
against China and Sri Lanka, it now faces tariff disadvantage against most other major suppliers.
Further, the imposition of enhanced tariffs on packet tea in the US will significantly impact tea
imports of the US as they may become less competitive against locally produced American tea brands.
This will pose a challenge for premium Indian tea brands which prioritize quality and may struggle
to maintain share amidst the new trade dynamics.

Basmati Rice
India is the second largest supplier of Basmati rice to the U.S. with a 27% share. Thailand occupies a
dominant position with nearly 54% market share. The newly announced reciprocal tariff of 26% may
slightly impact India's pricing, impacting margins of exporters. However, the increased tariffs on
Thailand may create an opportunity for India to capture more market share, subject to the price-

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sensitivity in the US market. Meanwhile, China, with its higher tariff could be at a significant
disadvantage in comparison to both India and Thailand.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

(market share %)
Basmati Rice Thailand (53.7) 36
HS 100630 India (27) 26
China (3.4) 54

Honey
The imposition of a 26% tariff on Indian honey exports to the United States will significantly impact
the industry, as the U.S. remains the largest market for Indian honey, with 27.5% share in the U.S.
honey market. The higher reciprocal tariff imposed on Indian honey could slightly reduce its price
competitiveness compared to Argentina and Brazil, which face relatively lower reciprocal tariffs.

Further, there is currently an ongoing Anti-Dumping case ongoing in the US against 4 major
exporting countries- India, Argentina, Brazil and Vietnam. The tariff hike of 26% is very detrimental
for Indian honey exports as it is expected that duties of Vietnam will come down and Indian duties
may go up during the Anti-Dumping case which will go on for another 4 years.

Unlike South America, who export equal amounts of honey to Europe and Japan, India is totally
dependent on US as the main market. Additionally, once geopolitical stability returns, Ukrainian
honey may re-enter the US market, further impacting the share of Indian suppliers.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

(market share %)
Natural Honey India (27.5) 26
HS 0409 Argentina (22.9) 10
Brazil (12.1) 10
New Zealand (8.9) 10

Cashew
Vietnam is the dominant supplier of Cashews (raw as well as processed) in the US market with more
than 80% share. Since the reciprocal tariff imposed on Vietnam is considerably high at 46%, this gives
an opportunity to other exporting countries like India to expand their market share in the US.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

(market share %)
Fresh or dried cashew Viet Nam (88.4) 46
nuts, shelled Côte d'Ivoire (4.1) 21
HS 080132 Brazil (3) 10
Thailand (1.3) 36
Nigeria (0.9) 14
India (0.9) 26
Prepared of Preserved Viet Nam (81) 46
Cashews Thailand (8) 36
HS 2008191040 India (6) 26
Canada (5) -

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Other Processed Foods
The imposition of high tariffs on food items is expected to be inflationary and impact the overall
consumption in the country. Further, higher tariffs will make domestic US players more competitive,
further cutting down the import market share.

India’s exports of processed food, sugar, and cocoa are worth nearly $1.03 billion, which will face
significant challenges with the imposition of a 26% tariff. Notably, a large portion of India's processed
food exports caters to the Indian expatriate community. Cereals, vegetables, fruits, and spices, valued
at $1.91 billion, also form a crucial part of India’s agri-food exports to the US. The additional tariffs
could impact demand of these import items due to higher costs for consumers. Likewise, India’s dairy
products exports, worth nearly $181.49 million, will be severely affected by the tariff hike, making
Indian ghee, butter, and milk powder costlier in the US market.

The tariff hike will also have a highly negative impact on Indian bakery (biscuits, rusk, cake) exports
to the US. Given the highly competitive nature of the US bakery market, where Indian brands
compete with both global and domestic players, the sharp rise in tariffs will significantly erode price
competitiveness. The additional cost burden could make them less attractive to consumers,
potentially leading to a decline in export volumes.

India’s Traditional Exports

Apparel
The differential tariff hikes across countries may create opportunities for the Indian apparel sector,
as competing nations such as Vietnam (46%), Bangladesh (37%) and China (34% + 20%) face even
higher tariffs than India. This tariff differential positions Indian textile exporters with a relative cost
advantage over its competitors. However, the overall impact on demand will depend on consumer
sensitivity to price changes and the potential adjustment in demand in the U.S. market.

An analysis across key product categories of India’s interests in this sector highlights a significant
opportunity for Indian exporters across several product categories. For instance, in the women’s
apparel sector (like suits, dresses, and blouses), India can take advantage of its lower reciprocal tariff
compared to countries like Vietnam and China. This pricing edge allows India to potentially capture
a greater market share. Similarly, in categories such as men’s shirts, jerseys, and babies' garments,
India stands to gain by due to relatively lower tariff burden than other key supplying countries.
While countries like Bangladesh and Vietnam hold dominant positions in some categories, India’s
relative tariff advantage could enable it to increase its share. Indian exporters will however face
competition from Latin American countries, which also have gained tariff advantage.

Product Major Exporters to Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

US (market share %)
Knitted or crocheted China (22.1) 54
Apparel Viet Nam (17.4) 46
HS 61 Cambodia (5.3) 49
Bangladesh (5.3) 37
Indonesia (4.8) 32
Honduras (4.8) 10
India (4.7) 26
Nicaragua (3.5) 18
El Salvador (3.3) 10
Guatemala (3.1) 10

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 Jordan (3) 20
Pakistan (2.6) 29
Mexico (2.3) -
Sri Lanka (2.1) 44
Italy (1.7) 20
Apparel (not knitted or China (21.5) 54
crocheted) Viet Nam (18) 46
HS 62 Bangladesh (13.3) 37
India (7) 26
Indonesia (5.9) 32
Mexico (5.2) -
Italy (4.2) 20
Cambodia (2.9) 49
Pakistan (2.6) 29
Sri Lanka (2) 44

Carpets
With the newly announced reciprocal tariffs, India’s dominant share in the U.S. carpet market (34%)
could face slight pressure. Competitors like Pakistan (29% reciprocal tariff) and China (54% reciprocal
tariff) may experience higher prices, making them less competitive. Meanwhile, Türkiye facing lower
reciprocal tariff of 10%, is likely to gain.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

(market share %)
Carpets and Textile India (34.2) 26
floor coverings Türkiye (25) 10
HS 57 China (12.2) 54
Mexico (5.1) -

Made-ups
China is currently the most dominant supplier of made-ups in the US market. Other key suppliers
include India, Vietnam, Pakistan and Mexico. Given the new tariff dynamics, there is an opportunity
for the Indian players to expand their market share in the US. Though the overall prices are expected
to rise and may have an impact on the overall import demand of carpets, yet Indian exporters may
look at expanding their exports since they will have a tariff edge over China, Pakistan and Vietnam.

Product Major Exporters to Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

US (market share %)
Blankets and travelling rugs China (81.7) 54
HS 6301 India (7.3) 26
Viet Nam (3.5) 46
Pakistan (2.4) 29
Bedlinen, table linen, toilet linen India (36) 26
and kitchen linen China (32.6) 54
HS 6302 Pakistan (18.5) 29
Articles for interior furnishing China (53) 54
HS 6304 India (19.8) 26
Mexico (5.9) -
Pakistan (4.4) 29
India (41.6) 26

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 Sacks and bags China (17) 54
HS 6305 Mexico (15.1) -

Footwear
India is not a very large supplier of footwear in the US market. However, with the shift in tariff
dynamics post the imposition of reciprocal tariffs, there is an opportunity for Indian exporters to
expand their foothold in the US. The most dominant Asian suppliers in the market are Vietnam,
China and Indonesia, which will now face higher tariff burden and may lose some of their market
share. Indian exporters can consider this development as an opportunity.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs (%)

(market share %)
Footwear with outer Viet Nam (28.1) 46
soles of rubber, China (22.5) 54
plastics, leather or Italy (13.5) 20
composition leather Indonesia (10.2) 32
HS 6403 Mexico (5.9) -
India (3.4) 26
Cambodia (2.9) 49
Germany (2.2) 20

Gems and Jewellery

The recent tariff hike on Indian gems and jewellery exports to the US is expected to significantly
impact the sector. Given the high price elasticity of demand for these products, an increase in tariffs
could make Indian exports less competitive. With the US being one of the largest markets for Indian
gems and jewellery, the increased tariff burden could reduce export competitiveness and affect overall
trade volumes. The other competing countries namely Israel and European countries like Belgium,
Italy and France face relatively lower reciprocal tariffs than India.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs

(market share %) (%)
Total Gems & Jewellery Canada (14.6) -
HS 71 India (13.8) 26
Switzerland (9) 31
South Africa (8.7) 30
Israel (6.5) 17
Mexico (6.2) -
Diamonds not mounted or set India (40.6) 26
HS 7102 Israel (28.8) 17
Belgium (10.9) 20
Precious stones and semi- Thailand (15.9) 36
precious stones not strung India (14.5) 26
HS 7103 Colombia (10.4) 10
Precious and semi-precious India (90.9) 26
stones, synthetic or China (1.9) 54
reconstructed Israel (1.7) 17
HS 7104
Articles of jewellery and parts India (13.6) 26
thereof, of precious metal Italy (11) 20
HS 7113 France (8.8) 20
Thailand (6.1) 36

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India’s Emerging Exports
Electronics
The reciprocal tariff of 26% on electronic goods will increase the cost burden for Indian exporters.
However, as it remains lower than the tariffs imposed on key competitors such as China (34% + 20%),
Vietnam (46%), Thailand (36%), and Taiwan (32%), Indian exporters see this as an opportunity to
strengthen position in the global electronics market, particularly smartphones.

India has been strengthening its electronics manufacturing ecosystem through initiatives like the
Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, attracting significant investments in smartphone
assembly, semiconductors, and component manufacturing. These initiatives will enhance domestic
production capabilities and position India as a competitive alternative in the global supply chain.

Product Major Exporters to US Reciprocal Tariffs

(market share %) (%)
Smartphones China (46.4) 54
HS 8517 Viet Nam (16.1) 46
Mexico (8.7) -
Taipei, Chinese (6.6) 32
India (5.3) 26
Thailand (5.1) 36

Medical Devices
Although India’s overall share in the US market has been small, India has emerged as a key supplier
of cost-effective, high-quality medical devices to the US, primarily in low-value, high volume
consumables categories. The new tariff regime may possibly impact Indian medical devices exports,
and the industry will have to explore windows of opportunities where the US has been seeking to
diversify its supply chain dependence on any one nation.

• Loss of Market Share- The 26% tariff increases costs for Indian manufacturers, making their
products less competitive in the U.S. market. Alternative sourcing from countries like Mexico,
Puerto Rico, and Ireland may become more viable.

• Rise in Manufacturing Costs- Many Indian manufacturers operate on low margins. A tariff hike
may reduce demand and impact profitability. U.S. buyers may switch to domestic alternatives or
diversify their supply chains.

• There is also a possible impact on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into India. The higher tariff
may discourage foreign investors from setting up production facilities in India for exports to the
U.S. Instead, investments may flow into Mexico, Ireland, etc.

• These tariffs provide strong protection to U.S. manufacturers and will encourage domestic
expansion.

While India may gain a marginal price advantage over China in certain low-risk, high-volume
consumables, the impact is minimal compared to other competing nations. Moreover, third-country
routing of exports through lower-tariff nations like the UK (10%) and UAE (10%) could further
disadvantage Indian manufacturers, particularly against China.

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Despite the tariff challenges, India's primary obstacle remains non-tariff barriers. Regulatory hurdles
in the U.S. are steep, with FDA approval costs ranging from $9,280 to over $540,000, whereas U.S.
exporters face relatively minimal costs when entering India. Addressing these imbalances through
bilateral collaboration is crucial. Additionally, the "Buy American" policy for government
procurement, further limit market access for Indian companies.

Sectors Exempted from Reciprocal Tariff as per Annex II of the

Executive Order
Pharma
The Indian pharmaceutical sector remains unaffected by the US reciprocal tariffs, providing much-
needed relief to the exporters. As a key supplier of generic medicines to the US, India plays a crucial
role in ensuring affordable healthcare solutions. The exemption underscores the critical importance
of cost-effective and life-saving generic medicines in the American market. However, reports indicate
that a Section 232 investigation is underway, raising the possibility of sector-specific tariffs in the
future.

Other Sectors
Other exempted sectors include copper, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, lumber articles, certain
critical minerals, and energy and energy products. Exports of these will not have impact as of now.

Sectors Exempted from Reciprocal Tariffs but Impacted under

Section 232
Steel
The US has not imposed any additional reciprocal tariff on steel on April 2 and is classified under the
exclusion category as per the White House order. However, a 25% tariff has remained in effect on all
steel exports to the US since March 12 under Section 232. The Indian steel industry has raised
serious concerns over the continued imposition of this tariff, which has been in effect since 2018, with
only limited exclusions granted in 2023.

Aluminium
Similarly, no additional tariff on aluminium was announced on April 2. However, a 25% tariff on all
aluminium exports to the US has remained in effect since March 12 under Section 232.

Auto and Auto Components

Auto and Auto components were also exempted from any announcement on April 2. However, these
products remain subject to a 25% tariff under Section 232, as outlined in President Trump’s order on
March 26, 2025. This tariff applies to all automobile imports starting April 3, 2025, and to auto parts
no later than May 3, 2025.

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Annexure
Response of Trading Partners on Reciprocal Tariffs Imposed by the US

Reciprocal
Country Tariffs Country Response
China 34% Imposed additional 34% retaliatory tariffs on all US goods
Switzerland 31% Refused to retaliatory measures, and evaluating the implications
Mexico - Refused to retaliatory measures, focus on protecting domestic economy
Evaluating the implications keeping major focus on protecting domestic
Ireland 20% economy
Vietnam 46% Focus on diversifying product markets, and supply chains to boost localisation
Exploring all necessary countermeasures, Imposed 25% tariffs on all US
Canada - vehicles that don’t comply with the USMCA
Taiwan 32% Will engage in bilateral talks with the US
Germany 20% Exploring all necessary countermeasures
Japan 24% Firmly opposed the US tariffs and urged their exclusion for Japan
Evaluating the implications and already engaged in bilateral talks regarding
India 26% the Bilateral Trade Agreement.
Korea, South 25% Exploring all possible actions, including resorting to the WTO
Italy 20% Exploring engagement in bilateral talks with the US
Exploring engagement in bilateral talks with the US to adjust the trade balance
Thailand 36% in a fair manner for both parties, minimizing the impact on the relevant sectors.
Exploring engagement in bilateral talks with the US
South Africa 30%
Malaysia 24% Exploring engagement in bilateral talks with the US
Exploring engagement in bilateral talks with the US but will consider other
Sri Lanka 44% options too
Brazil 10% Exploring all possible actions, including resorting to the WTO
Singapore 10% Will engage in bilateral talks with the US
Israel 17% Evaluating the implications
Australia 10% Refused to retaliatory measures, and evaluating the implications
Turkey 10% Evaluating the implications
Colombia 10% Primary focus to protect national industry
European
Union 20% Will prepare countermeasures
UK 10% Will engage in bilateral talks with the US
Myanmar 44% No clear action yet
Pakistan 29% No clear action yet
Bangladesh 37% Will engage in bilateral talks with the US
Will engage in bilateral talks with the US and focus on diversifying supply
Cambodia 49% chains
Indonesia 32% Co-ordinate with other affected nations to address collectively
Will discuss with the US Administration to get more information and with
New Zealand 10% New Zealand exporters to better understand the impact
Two responses are expected: one in mid-April on steel and aluminium, and
France 20% another by end-April covering broader products and services.

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Analysis of US Import Market – Sector wise
US imports of select marine products
Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share in
imported imported Realisation1 tariff Tariffs Unit USA's
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation2 imports
(US$ (Tons) applied by (%)
‘000) USA
0306 India 1928414 246289 7830 0 0.26 9866 27
(Crustaceans, Canada 1688011 96649 17465 0 0 17465 23.6
whether in
Ecuador 1370647 197225 6950 0 0.1 7645 19.2
shell or not,
live, fresh, Indonesia 755277 90336 8361 0 0.32 11037 10.6
chilled,
frozen, dried,
salted or in
brine)
1605 Indonesia 799741 71069 11253 0 0.32 14854 25.5
(Crustaceans, India 559145 52513 10648 0 0.26 13416 17.8
molluscs and
other aquatic Viet Nam 466295 45201 10316 0.023 0.46 15299 14.8
invertebrates, Canada 348806 11387 30632 0 0 30632 11.1
prepared or
preserved)
Source: ITC Trade Map

US imports of Basmati Rice

Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit in
(2023) (2023) (estimated) Realisation USA’s
(US$ ‘000) (Tons) applied by imports
USA (%)
100630 Thailand 716202 730137 981 0.006 0.36 1340 53.7
India 360192 275960 1305 0.006 0.26 1652 27
China 44724 85289 524 0.062 0.54 839 3.4
Source: ITC Trade Map

US imports of Honey
Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share in
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit USA’s
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation imports
(US$ (Tons) applied by (%)
‘000) USA
0409 India 161078 77146 2088 0.005 0.26 2641 27.5
(Natural Argentina 133822 45315 2953 0.005 0.1 3263 22.9
honey)
Brazil 70989 22542 3149 0.005 0.1 3480 12.1
New 51890 2154 24090 0.005 0.1 26619 8.9
Zealand
Source: ITC Trade Map

1
Unit Realisation is equal to value divided by quantity
2
Is the sum of Average Applied Tariff and reciprocal tariff multiplied by Unit Realisation

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US imports of select apparel items
Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share in
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit USA’s
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation imports
(US$ (Tons) applied by (%)
‘000) USA

6104 Viet Nam 1502554 75978 19776 0.137 0.46 31582 28.7
(Women's or
China 1193838 112632 10599 0.137 0.54 17774 22.8
girls' suits,
ensembles, Indonesia 449149 23180 19377 0.137 0.32 28232 8.6
jackets, Cambodia 333617 16231 20554 0.137 0.49 33441 6.4
blazers,
dresses, Jordan 251857 9595 26249 0 0.2 31498 4.8
skirts, Bangladesh 179225 12288 14585 0.137 0.37 21979 3.4
divided
skirts, India 179217 6464 27725 0.137 0.26 38731 3.4
trousers.) Italy 136535 682 200198 0.137 0.2 267664 2.6
Sri Lanka 120976 4117 29385 0.137 0.44 46340 2.3
6105 (Men's Viet Nam 450919 16721 26967 0.2 0.46 44765 20.2
or boys'
India 224275 10837 20695 0.2 0.26 30215 10.1
shirts,
knitted or Peru 186428 2696 69150 0 0.1 76065 8.4
crocheted Bangladesh 167164 10225 16349 0.2 0.37 25668 7.5
China 143435 9290 15440 0.2 0.54 26866 6.4
6107 (Men's Viet Nam 416155 28888 14406 0.087 0.46 22286.1 25.8
or boys'
China 405150 43921 9225 0.087 0.54 15009.1 25.1
underpants,
briefs, India 197473 13204 14956 0.087 0.26 20145.7 12.2
nightshirts, Bangladesh 149653 9329 16042 0.087 0.37 23373.2 9.3
pyjamas,…)
6108 China 1066794 97366 10957 0.107 0.54 18046 35.2
(Women's or
Viet Nam 643417 32134 20023 0.107 0.46 31376 21.2
girls' slips,
petticoats, Sri Lanka 225856 6876 32847 0.107 0.44 50814 7.5
briefs, Bangladesh 219701 11306 19432 0.107 0.37 28701 7.3
panties,
nightdresses, Cambodia 181859 11621 15649 0.107 0.49 24991 6
pyjamas, …) India 162754 6880 23656 0.107 0.26 32338 5.4
Indonesia 104965 4610 22769 0.107 0.32 32491 3.5
Thailand 102715 5951 17260 0.107 0.36 25320 3.4
6109 Honduras 837074 71328 11736 0 0.1 12910 12.1
( T-shirts,
Nicaragua 777353 71396 10888 0 0.18 12848 11.2
singlets and
other vests, China 585046 61975 9440 0.159 0.54 16039 8.4
knitted or Mexico 472173 33010 14304 0 0 14304 6.8
crocheted)
El 450320 31306 14384 0 0.1 15822 6.5
Salvador
Bangladesh 449573 43555 10322 0.159 0.37 15782 6.5
Guatemala 429309 21382 20078 0 0.1 22086 6.2
Viet Nam 428671 21504 19934 0.159 0.46 32273 6.2
India 389445 32515 11977 0.159 0.26 16995 5.6
China 2512023 186547 13466 0.125 0.54 22421 18.8

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Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share in
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit USA’s
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation imports
(US$ (Tons) applied by (%)
‘000) USA

6110 Viet Nam 2213482 105606 20960 0.125 0.46 33222 16.6
(Jerseys,
Honduras 920903 74655 12335 0 0.1 13569 6.9
pullovers,
cardigans, Cambodia 841013 42457 19809 0.125 0.49 31992 6.3
waistcoats Indonesia 750740 36364 20645 0.125 0.32 29832 5.6
and similar
articles, Bangladesh 696631 44296 15727 0.125 0.37 23512 5.2
knitted or Guatemala 653953 24914 26248 0 0.1 28873 4.9
crocheted)
Nicaragua 525629 46495 11305 0 0.18 13340 3.9
El 499452 24611 20294 0 0.1 22323 3.7
Salvador
Jordan 468597 16606 28219 0 0.2 33863 3.5
India 461388 21401 21559 0.125 0.26 29859 3.5
Pakistan 400748 39294 10199 0.125 0.29 14432 3
6111 (Babies' China 376585 28412 13254 0.153 0.54 22439 24.5
garments
India 275308 11167 24654 0.153 0.26 34836 17.9
and clothing
accessories) Viet Nam 230329 10793 21341 0.153 0.46 34423 15
6114 China 575536 47312 12165 0.191 0.54 21058 36.5
(Special
Viet Nam 306761 15894 19300 0.191 0.46 31864 19.5
garments for
professional, Indonesia 112198 4557 24621 0.191 0.32 37202 7.1
sporting or Mexico 66933 4059 16490 0 0 16490 4.2
other
purposes) Cambodia 66075 2801 23590 0.191 0.49 39655 4.2
Türkiye 54817 985 55652 0.191 0.1 71847 3.5
Bangladesh 44827 2556 17538 0.191 0.37 27377 2.8
Nicaragua 41898 2045 20488 0 0.18 24176 2.7
India 36582 1391 26299 0.191 0.26 38160 2.3
Sri Lanka 27518 552 49851 0.191 0.44 81307 1.7
6203 (Men's Bangladesh 1904784 126346 15076 0.107 0.37 22267 23.3
or boys'
Viet Nam 1091718 40981 26640 0.107 0.46 41745 13.3
suits,
ensembles, Mexico 962832 59066 16301 0 0 16301 11.8
jackets, China 815543 61518 13257 0.107 0.54 21834 10
blazers,
trousers, bib Pakistan 376587 28377 13271 0.107 0.29 18540 4.6
and brace Indonesia 373817 13472 27748 0.107 0.32 39596 4.6
overalls,
breeches) Italy 347881 1487 233948 0.107 0.2 305770 4.2
Nicaragua 260933 15853 16460 0 0.18 19423 3.2
Cambodia 238898 11318 21108 0.107 0.49 33709 2.9
Egypt 237695 11917 19946 0.107 0.1 24075 2.9
India 227137 8541 26594 0.107 0.26 36354 2.8
Kenya 158678 8401 18888 0 0.1 20777 1.9

14
Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share in
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit USA’s
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation imports
(US$ (Tons) applied by (%)
‘000) USA

6204 China 2262473 166602 13580 0.097 0.54 22230 22.5

(Women's or
Viet Nam 1818847 78425 23192 0.097 0.46 36110 18.1
girls' suits,
ensembles, Bangladesh 1091609 63121 17294 0.097 0.37 25370 10.9
jackets, India 931934 27129 34352 0.096 0.26 46581 9.3
blazers,
dresses, Indonesia 551370 18679 29518 0.096 0.32 41797 5.5
skirts,…)
6205 (Men's Bangladesh 705254 34903 20206 0.145 0.37 30612 23.4
or boys'
Viet Nam 465623 14401 32333 0.145 0.46 51894 15.4
shirts (excl.
knitted or India 340517 14776 23045 0.145 0.26 32378 11.3
crocheted) China 292000 16884 17294 0.145 0.54 29140 9.7
6206 India 417533 11068 37724 0.103 0.26 51418 22.7
(Women's or
China 367331 17720 20730 0.103 0.54 34059 20
girls'
blouses, Viet Nam 269861 9995 27000 0.103 0.46 42201 14.7
shirts (excl. Indonesia 262499 7409 35430 0.103 0.32 50417 14.3
knitted or
crocheted
6211 China 599603 58266 10.3 0.12 0.54 17.11 23.8
(Tracksuits,
Viet Nam 374391 17599 21.3 0.12 0.46 33.68 14.9
ski suits,
swimwear Mexico 352358 10625 33.2 0.00 0.00 33.16 14
and other India 278406 10137 27.5 0.12 0.26 37.98 11.1
garments)
Source: ITC Trade Map

US imports of Carpets
Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share in
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit USA’s
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation imports
(US$ (Tons) applied by (%)
‘000) USA
5701 (of textile India 241323 11412 21146 0.009 0.26 26834 60.2
material Nepal 54217 732 74067 0 0.1 81474 13.5
knotted,
whether or not Pakistan 51041 1866 27353 0.009 0.29 35532 12.7
made up)
Türkiye 28002 1163 24077 0.009 0.1 26701 7
5702 (woven, Türkiye 768589 184347 4169 0.02 0.1 4669 46.9
not tufted or India 481332 - - 0.02 0.26 - 29.4
flocked)
China 128561 27801 4624 0.02 0.54 7213 7.8
5703 (turf, India 339713 75917 4475 0.036 0.26 5799.6 31.6
tufted "needle Mexico 167076 33476 4991 0 0 4991 15.5
punched")
China 155354 42003 3699 0.06 0.54 5918.4 14.5
Viet Nam 101563 38731 2622 0.06 0.46 3985.44 9.4
Korea, 65285 5529 11808 0 0.25 14760 6.1
Republic
of

15
 Türkiye 58781 21743 2703 6 0.1 19191.3 5.5
5705 (Carpets China 117817 35333 3334 0.017 0.54 5191.0 46.1
and other India 106462 42799 2487 0.017 0.26 3175.9 41.6
textile floor
coverings, UK 6463 1755 3683 0.017 0.1 4113.9 2.5
(excl
knotted,woven)
Source: ITC Trade Map

US imports of Made-ups
Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit in
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation USA's
(US$ (Tons) applied by imports
‘000) USA (%)
6301 China 1377337 274645 5.014972055 0.08 0.54 8.12927 81.7
(Blankets India 122242 24193 5.052783863 0.08 0.27 6.7757 7.3
and Viet Nam 58606 10085 5.81120476 0.08 0.46 8.955067 3.5
travelling
rugs of all Pakistan 39684 8903 4.457373919 0.08 0.29 6.11106 2.4
types of
textile
materials)
6302 India 2140239 246726 8.674558012 0.098 0.26 11.78005 36
(Bedlinen, China 1941804 315448 6.155702366 0.098 0.54 10.08304 32.6
table
linen, Pakistan 1101666 188903 5.831913734 0.098 0.29 8.09469 18.5
toilet
linen and
kitchen
linen of all
types of
textile
materials)
6304 China 416801 91378 4.561283898 0.076 0.54 7.371035 53
(Articles India 155960 17880 8.722595078 0.073 0.26 11.6272 19.8
for
interior Mexico 45997 2179 21.10922441 0 0 21.10922 5.9
furnishing, Pakistan 34453 6250 5.51248 0.073 0.29 7.5135 4.4
of all
types of
textile
materials)
6305 India 282133 107473 2.625152364 0.078 0.26 3.512454 41.6
(Sacks and China 114989 30730 3.74191344 0.078 0.54 6.054416 17
bags, of a
kind used Mexico 102331 15652 6.537886532 0 0 6.537887 15.1
for the
packing of
goods, of
all types
of textile
materials)
Source: ITC Trade Map

16
US imports of Footwear
Product Exporter Value Quantity Unit Average Reciproca Effective Share
s importe imported Realisatio tariff l Tariffs Unit in
d (2023 (2023) n (estimated Realisatio USA's
) (US$ (Tons) ) applied n import
‘000) by USA s (%)
6403 Viet Nam 3249749 14673671 0.02214680 0.061 0.46 0.033685 28.1
(Footwear 8 2
with outer
soles of China 2601503 11976626 0.02172150 0.061 0.54 0.034776 22.5
rubber, 4 1
plastics, Italy 1556358 10680622 0.14571791 0.061 0.20 0.18375 13.5
leather or 8
compositio Indonesia 1179444 63842148 0.01847437 0.061 0.32 0.025513 10.2
n leather) 8
Mexico 682139 12467521 0.05471328 0 - 0.054713 5.9
3
India 391341 18486694 0.02116879 0.061 0.26 0.027964 3.4
3
Cambodia 338967 13909501 0.02436945 0.061 0.49 0.037797 2.9
8
Germany 248981 5915284 0.04209113 0.061 0.20 0.053077 2.2
2
Source: ITC Trade Map

US imports of Gems and Jewellery

Product Exporters Value Quantity Unit Average Reciprocal Effective Share
imported imported Realisation tariff Tariffs Unit in
(2023 ) (2023) (estimated) Realisation USA's
(US$ (Tons) applied by imports
‘000) USA (%)
7102 India 7703697 6156831 1.251243862 0 0.26 1.5765 40.6
(Diamonds,
whether or
not worked, Israel 5462899 1229303 4.443899511 0 0.17 5.199362 28.8
but not
mounted or Belgium 2063895 350772 5.883864733 0 0.20 7.060638 10.9
set)
7103 Thailand 410528 22527968 0.018223037 0 0.36 0.02478 15.9
(Precious India 374440 936539820 0.000399812 0 0.26 0.0005037 14.5
stones and
semi-precious Colombia 267655 2182283 0.122649079 0 0.10 0.134914 10.4
stones, but
not strung)
7104 India 1180244 24656203 0.047868035 0.006 0.26 0.060601 90.9
(Precious and China 25279 - - 0.031 0.54 -- 1.9
semi-precious
stones, Israel 22606 105693 0.213883606 0.031 0.17 0.250244 1.7
synthetic or
reconstructed)
7113 India 2979739 219 13606.11416 0.064 0.26 17565 13.6
(Articles of Italy 1797604 231 7781.835498 0.064 0.20 9836.24 11
jewellery and
parts thereof, France 1449041 - - 0.011 0.20 - 8.8
of precious Thailand 1166921 - - 0 0.36 - 6.1
metal)
Source: ITC Trade Map

17
US imports of Electronics (Smartphones)
Product Exporters Value imported (2023 ) Reciprocal Share in USA's
(US$ ‘000) Tariffs imports (%)
Smartphones China 55379659 0.54 46.4
HS 8517 Viet Nam 19180292 0.46 16.1
Mexico 10434781 0 8.7
Taipei, Chinese 7874485 0.32 6.6
India 6363207 0.26 5.3
Thailand 6085508 0.36 5.1
Source: ITC Trade Map

18
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