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Fiitjee Metallurgy CDG

The document provides an overview of metallurgy, defining it as the science and technology for economically extracting metals from ores. It distinguishes between minerals, ores, and gangue, and lists important ores and their compositions for various metals including sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, mercury, silver, tin, copper, iron, aluminum, lead, and manganese. The information serves as a support material for understanding the key concepts and components in metallurgy.

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Anamika Singh
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16 views4 pages

Fiitjee Metallurgy CDG

The document provides an overview of metallurgy, defining it as the science and technology for economically extracting metals from ores. It distinguishes between minerals, ores, and gangue, and lists important ores and their compositions for various metals including sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, mercury, silver, tin, copper, iron, aluminum, lead, and manganese. The information serves as a support material for understanding the key concepts and components in metallurgy.

Uploaded by

Anamika Singh
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Support Material (Metallurgy) 5th Oct 10

CHEMISTRY
SUPPORT MATERIAL METALLURGY
L I M I T E D

Metallurgy: Metallurgy is the subject which deals with the science and technology applied
for the extraction of metals economically on large scale from their respective
ores

Minerals: The compounds of a metal which are naturally available in the earth’s crust
and can be obtained by mining are called minerals.

A mineral may consist of one or more metallic compounds having almost fixed composition.

Ore: The minerals from which a metal can be extracted eeconomically(i.e. profitably) and
conveniently are called ores.

Thus all ores are minerals but all minerals are not ores.

Gangue: The earthy impurities like sand , stones etc present in the ore are known as
gangue or matrix.

THE NAME AND COMPOSITION OF IMPORTANT MINERALS/ ORES

Ores of Sodium (Na) :

Common Salt - NaCl

Chile Saltpeter - NaNO3

Sodium Carbonate - Na2CO3

Glaubar Salt - Na2SO4.10H2O

Natron - Na2CO3.H2O

Trona - Na2CO3.NaHCO3.3H2O

Ores of Lithium (Li) :

Spodumene - LiAl(SiO 3) 2

Ores of Potassium (K) :

Sylvine - KCl

Kainite - KCl.MgSO4.3H2O

Carnallite - KCl.MgCl2.6H2O

Feldspar - KAlSi 3O 8

Salt peter - KNO 3

FIITJEE Ltd., 48-A, Gurukripa Plaza, M.P. Nagar, Zone-II, Bhopal (M.P.), Ph. : 0755-4253355, 4253455 1
Ores of Calcium (Ca) :

Lime Stone - CaCO3

Gypsom - CaSO4.2H2O

Phosphorite - Ca3(PO4)2

Fluorapatite - 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2

Limefeldspar - CaO.Al2O3.2SiO2

Ores of Magnesium (Mg) :

Magnesite - MgCO3

Dolomite - CaCO3.MgCO3

Kieserite - MgSO4.H2O

Carnallite - KCl.MgCl2.6H2O

Talc - 3MgO.4SiO2.H 2O

Spinel - MgO.Al2O 3

Ores of Zinc (Zn) :

Zincite - ZnO

Franklinite - ZnO.Fe2O 3

Zinc Blende - ZnS

Calamine - ZnCO 3

Willeminte - ZnSiO 3.ZnO

Electric calamine - ZnSiO3.ZnO.H 2O

Ore of Mercury (Hg) :

Cinnabar - HgS

Ores of Silver (Ag) :

Silver glance - AgS


or Argentite

Horn silver - AgCl

Ruby silver - 3Ag 2S.Sb 2S 3

Silver copper glance


or stormeyerite - Ag 2S.Cu 2S

FIITJEE Ltd., 48-A, Gurukripa Plaza, M.P. Nagar, Zone-II, Bhopal (M.P.), Ph. : 0755-4253355, 4253455 2
Ore of tin (Sn) :

Cassiterite or tin stone - SnO 2

Ores of Copper (Cu) :

Copper glance or chalcocite - Cu 2S

Chalcopyrites
or copper pyrites - Cu2S.Fe2S3
(Cupric ferrous sulphide)

Cuprite - Cu2O

Covellite - CuS

Malachite - [CuCO3.Cu(OH)2]

Azurite - [2CuCO3.Cu(OH)2]

Ores of Iron (Fe) :

Magnetite - Fe3O4

Red Haematite - Fe2O3

Brown Haematite Limonite - Fe2O3.3H2O

Spathic iron or siderite - FeCO 3

Iron pyrite - FeS 2

Goethite - Fe(O)OH
(Ferric hydroxide oxide

Ores of Aluminium (Al) :

Bauxite - Al2O3.2H2O / AlOx(OH)3-2x 0<x<1

Cryolite - Na 3AlF 6

Feldspar - KAlSi 3O 8

Mica - K2O.3Al2O3.6SiO2.2H2O

Kaolin - Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O

Corundum - Al2O3

Alumstone or Alunite - K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.4Al(OH)3

Diaspore - Al2O3.H2O

Gibbsite - Al2O3.3H2O

Turquoise - AlPO4.Al(OH)3.H2O

FIITJEE Ltd., 48-A, Gurukripa Plaza, M.P. Nagar, Zone-II, Bhopal (M.P.), Ph. : 0755-4253355, 4253455 3
Ores of Lead (Pb) :

Galena - PbS

Anglesite - PbSO 4

Cerussite - PbCO 3

Lanarkite - PbO.PbSO 4

Crocoisite - PbCrO4

Ores of Manganese (Mn) :

Pyrolusite - MnO 2

Braunite - Mn2O3

Hausmannite - Mn3O4

*************

FIITJEE Ltd., 48-A, Gurukripa Plaza, M.P. Nagar, Zone-II, Bhopal (M.P.), Ph. : 0755-4253355, 4253455 4

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